DE102012206100A1 - Conditioning extruder for plasticizing plastic scrap and for forming purified plastic granulate, has screw cylinder with feed opening at its one end for plastic scrap and outlet opening for plastic granulate at its another end - Google Patents
Conditioning extruder for plasticizing plastic scrap and for forming purified plastic granulate, has screw cylinder with feed opening at its one end for plastic scrap and outlet opening for plastic granulate at its another end Download PDFInfo
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- DE102012206100A1 DE102012206100A1 DE201210206100 DE102012206100A DE102012206100A1 DE 102012206100 A1 DE102012206100 A1 DE 102012206100A1 DE 201210206100 DE201210206100 DE 201210206100 DE 102012206100 A DE102012206100 A DE 102012206100A DE 102012206100 A1 DE102012206100 A1 DE 102012206100A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/04—Particle-shaped
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/397—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using a single screw
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/52—Screws with an outer diameter varying along the longitudinal axis, e.g. for obtaining different thread clearance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/535—Screws with thread pitch varying along the longitudinal axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/565—Screws having projections other than the thread, e.g. pins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/585—Screws provided with gears interacting with the flow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
- B29C48/645—Screws with two or more threads neighbouring threads and channels having identical configurations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/67—Screws having incorporated mixing devices not provided for in groups B29C48/52 - B29C48/66
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
- B29C48/765—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus
- B29C48/766—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders
- B29C48/767—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders through a degassing opening of a barrel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/793—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling upstream of the plasticising zone, e.g. heating in the hopper
- B29C48/797—Cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
- B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
- B29C48/875—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling for achieving a non-uniform temperature distribution, e.g. using barrels having both cooling and heating zones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Aufbereitungsextruder zum Plastifizieren von Kunststoffschrott und zur Herstellung von gereinigtem Kunststoffgranulat, mit einem Schneckenzylinder mit einer Beschickungsöffnung für den Kunststoffschrott an seinem ersten Ende und einer Auslassöffnung für das Kunststoffgranulat an seinem zweiten Ende und einer im Schneckenzylinder geführten Schnecke mit einer Mehrzahl von Arbeitszonen. Sie betrifft des Weiteren ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von gereinigtem Kunststoffgranulat aus Kunststoffschrott.The invention relates to a preparation extruder for plasticizing plastic scrap and for producing purified plastic granules, comprising a screw cylinder with a feed opening for the plastic scrap at its first end and an outlet opening for the plastic granules at its second end and a screw guided in the screw cylinder with a plurality of work zones , It further relates to a process for the production of purified plastic granules from plastic scrap.
Mit dem seit Jahrzehnten weltweit stark zunehmenden Einsatz von Kunststoffen in der industriellen Massenproduktion von Gegenständen des Alltagsbedarfs, technischen Geräten und nicht zuletzt auch Fahrzeugen, insbesondere PKW und LKW, gewinnt unter wirtschaftlichen Gesichtspunkten und Umweltschutzaspekten das Kunststoff-Recycling immer größere Bedeutung. Frühe industriell angewendete Recyclingverfahren waren in ihrem Einsatzbereich beschränkt und konnten prinzipbedingt nur Recycling-Produkte liefern, die keine hohen Qualitätsanforderungen zu erfüllen hatten, wie etwa Produkte für die Garten- und Landschaftsgestaltung.With the worldwide increasing use of plastics in the industrial mass production of everyday objects, technical devices and last but not least also vehicles, especially cars and trucks, plastic recycling is becoming increasingly important from an economic point of view and environmental aspects. Early industrial recycling processes were limited in their field of application and, in principle, could only supply recycled products that did not meet high quality requirements, such as gardening and landscaping products.
Da für derartige einfache Kunststoffprodukte nur ein eingeschränkter Markt existiert und die erzielbaren Preise niedrig sind, besteht zunehmend ein Bedarf an Verfahren, die ein Recycling von Kunststoff-Massenprodukten zu artgleichen oder -ähnlichen Produkten erlauben, wobei allenfalls ein geringer Anteil von neuem Kunststoffmaterial zugesetzt werden sollte. In Anbetracht dessen, dass die Oberflächen von Kunststoffteilen in vielfältigen Einsatzgebieten durch Beschichtungen veredelt, hierdurch im Sinne des Recycling aber zugleich Verunreinigungen aufgetragen werden, besteht besonderer Bedarf an Verfahren und Vorrichtungen, mit denen zugleich eine Reinigung des Kunststoffschrotts erfolgt.Since there is only a limited market for such simple plastic products and the achievable prices are low, there is an increasing need for methods that allow recycling of plastic mass products to similar or similar products, at best, a small proportion of new plastic material should be added , In view of the fact that the surfaces of plastic parts in various applications refined by coatings, thereby at the same time in the sense of recycling but impurities are applied, there is a particular need for methods and devices with which at the same time carried out a cleaning of the plastic scrap.
Der Erfindung liegt mithin die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine verbesserte Vorrichtung und ein verbessertes Verfahren der gattungsgemäßen Art bereitzustellen, mit denen auch aus Kunststoffschrott, der insbesondere durch Lacke oder andere Beschichtungen oder chemisch artfremde Zusatzteile verunreinigt ist, ein Ausgangsmaterial für qualitativ hochwertige Kunststoffprodukte gewonnen werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide an improved device and an improved method of the generic type, which can be obtained from plastic scrap, which is contaminated in particular by paints or other coatings or chemically foreign artifacts, a starting material for high-quality plastic products.
Diese Aufgabe wird in ihrem Vorrichtungsaspekt durch einen Aufbereitungsextruder mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und in ihrem Verfahrensaspekt durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 9 gelöst. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen des Erfindungsgedankens sind Gegenstand der jeweiligen abhängigen Ansprüche.This object is achieved in its device aspect by a processing extruder having the features of claim 1 and in its method aspect by a method having the features of claim 9. Advantageous embodiments of the inventive concept are the subject of the respective dependent claims.
Die Erfindung schließt den Gedanken ein, aus dem verunreinigten Kunststoffschrott – anders als bei früheren Entwicklungen – zunächst ein gereinigtes, hochwertiges Kunststoffgranulat zu gewinnen, die Vorrichtung demnach als „Stand-Alone”-Aufbereitungsextruder mit Granulat-Ausgabe zu gestalten. Sie schließt weiter den Gedanken ein, in der Wandung des Schneckenzylinders eine Mehrzahl von Entgasungsbereichen vorzusehen, die jeweils durch eine gasdurchlässigen Stopfen verschlossen sind.The invention includes the idea, from the contaminated plastic scrap - unlike in previous developments - first to gain a purified, high-quality plastic granules, the device accordingly as a "stand-alone" -aufreatierensextruder with granules output to make. It further includes the idea to provide in the wall of the screw cylinder a plurality of degassing, each sealed by a gas-permeable plug.
Kern des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist der Einsatz des oben spezifizierten Einschnecken-Aufbereitungsextruders, und zwar insbesondere mit Eintrag von lack-verschmutztem thermoplastischem Kunststoffschrott.The core of the process according to the invention is the use of the above-specified single-screw extruder, in particular with the introduction of varnish-contaminated thermoplastic plastic scrap.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und dem entsprechenden Verfahren gelingt die Veredlung von derartigem, wegen seiner Fremd-Bestandteile minderwertigem Kunststoffschrott zu hochwertigem Kunststoffgranulat und damit die weitgehende Schließung von bisher nicht realisierbaren Materialkreisläufen, speziell in der kunststoff-intensiven Automobilindustrie, aber auch in bei der Massenproduktion von elektronischen und elektrotechnischen Geräten etc. Durch das Vorsehen mehrerer Entgasungsbereiche, in Verbindung mit der erfindungsgemäßen Arbeitszonen-Unterteilung des Extruders gelingt es, flüchtige Bestandteile wie Wasser, Lösungsmittel, Lackbestandteile und Restmonomere etc. praktisch vollständig aus dem plastifizierten Kunststoffmaterial auszuscheiden.With the device according to the invention and the corresponding method, the refinement of such, due to its foreign components inferior plastic scrap to high-quality plastic granules and thus the extensive closure of previously unrealizable material cycles, especially in the plastics-intensive automotive industry, but also in the mass production of electronic and electrical equipment, etc. By providing a plurality of degassing, in conjunction with the working zone subdivision of the extruder according to the invention, volatile components such as water, solvents, paint components and residual monomers, etc. almost completely excreted from the plasticized plastic material.
In einer materialseitigen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der größere Teil der Entgasungsöffnungen mit einem gasdurchlässigen Spezialstahl verschlossen ist, welcher insbesondere ein mikroporöser Stahl für den Formenbau mit einem durchschnittlichen Porendurchmesser im Bereich zwischen 3 μm und 30 μm, insbesondere zwischen 15 μm und 25 μm. Ein geeigneter Stahl, der mit unterschiedlicher porosität kommerziell verfügbar ist, ist beispielsweise das Produkt Procerax II (www.procerax.com). Die Ausführung der Entgasungsbereiche mit einem gasdurchlässigen Spezialstahl verhindert zuverlässig einen Austrag von Kunststoffmaterial über die Entgasungsbereiche und gewährleistet über lange Betriebszeiträume des Extruders deren Entgasungswirkung, ohne dass Kunststoffschmelze in das Gefüge eindringen und langfristig dessen Wirkung verschlechtern kann.In a material-side embodiment of the invention, the greater part of the degassing is closed with a gas-permeable special steel, which in particular a microporous steel for mold with an average pore diameter in the range between 3 .mu.m and 30 .mu.m, in particular between 15 .mu.m and 25 .mu.m. A suitable steel which is commercially available with different porosity is, for example, the product Procerax II (www.procerax.com). The execution of the degassing with a gas-permeable special steel reliably prevents discharge of plastic material through the degassing and ensures over long periods of operation of the extruder their degassing, without plastic melt can penetrate into the structure and deteriorate its long term effect.
In einer Ausführung der Erfindung ist eine der Entgasungsöffnungen mit einem Spezial-Stopfen verschlossen, welcher an eine Befestigungsplatte mit Bohrungen für Befestigungsbolzen angeformt oder angesetzt ist und eine Ausgasungsöffnung, insbesondere in Form eines Kreisringsegments mit abgerundeten Ecken, hat. Des Weiteren ist an der Position dieses Spezial-Stopfens eine Heizzone mit um 15°C bis 35°C, insbesondere um 25°C, erhöhter Temperatur ausgebildet.In one embodiment of the invention, one of the vent openings is closed with a special plug, which is integrally formed or attached to a mounting plate with holes for fastening bolts and an outgassing, in particular in the form of a circular ring segment rounded corners, has. Furthermore, at the position of this special plug a heating zone with by 15 ° C to 35 ° C, in particular by 25 ° C, elevated temperature is formed.
Die letztgenannte Merkmalskombination aus Spezial-Stopfen und „Temperatursattel” an der Staustufe hat eine besonders hohe Wirksamkeit bei der Trennung von Lackresten von der Kunststoffschmelze und somit für die Veredlung von großflächig mit Lack bedeckten Kunststoffteilen, wie sie unter anderem bei Autos und in der Konsumelektronik eingesetzt werden.The latter feature combination of special plug and "temperature saddle" at the barrage has a particularly high efficiency in the separation of paint residues from the plastic melt and thus for the refinement of large area covered with paint plastic parts, such as those used in cars and consumer electronics become.
Insgesamt sind allerdings, wie weiter oben bereits erwähnt, längs des Extruders und somit längs des Flussweges der plastifizierten Kunststoffmasse mehrere Entgasungsbereiche vorgesehen. In einer aus derzeitiger Sicht bevorzugten Ausführung sind dies, in Richtung von der Beschickungsöffnung zur Auslassöffnung nummeriert, ein erster Entgasungsbereich in einer Kompressionszone am ersten Teil der Schnecke, ein zweiter Entgasungsbereich am Übergang zwischen einer Kompressionszone und einer Zone anderer Funktion, insbesondere einer Förderzone, und an der Grenze zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Teil der Schnecke, ein dritter Entgasungsbereich in einer Förderzone am zweiten Teil der Schnecke und ein vierter Entgasungsbereich in einer Kompressionszone am zweiten Teil der Schnecke.Overall, however, as already mentioned above, several degassing areas are provided along the extruder and thus along the flow path of the plasticized plastic mass. In a presently preferred embodiment, these are numbered in the direction from the feed opening to the discharge opening, a first degassing area in a compression zone at the first part of the screw, a second degassing area at the transition between a compression zone and a zone of other function, in particular a conveying zone, and at the boundary between the first and second part of the screw, a third degassing area in a conveying zone at the second part of the screw and a fourth degassing area in a compression zone at the second part of the screw.
Hierdurch wird, angepasst an den jeweiligen Plastifizierungszustand und die Temperatur des Materials (die über Einstellung eines geeigneten Temperaturprofils an den Heizzonen beeinflusst wird) ein optimierter mehrstufiger Entgasungs- und somit Reinigungsprozess realisiert, der die praktisch vollständige Entfernung der in der Praxis vorkommenden verschiedenartigen Verunreinigungen erlaubt.In this way, adapted to the respective state of plastication and the temperature of the material (which is influenced by setting a suitable temperature profile at the heating zones), an optimized multi-stage degassing and thus cleaning process is realized, which allows practically complete removal of the various types of contaminants occurring in practice.
Entsprechend ist verfahrensseitig bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass der plastifizierte Kunststoffschrott mehreren Entgasungsvorgängen unterzogen wird, von denen mindestens ein Teil mit einem Kompressionsvorgang und ein anderer Teil mit einem Entspannungsvorgang des Materials verknüpft ist.Accordingly, it is preferably provided on the procedural side that the plasticized plastic scrap is subjected to a plurality of degassing processes, of which at least one part is associated with a compression process and another part with a relaxation process of the material.
In einer weiteren Ausführung ist auf der Wandung des Schneckenzylinders eine Mehrzahl von Heizzonen, insbesondere durch elektrische Heizelemente, realisiert, deren Lage mindestens teilweise zu der Lage eines Entgasungsbereiches korrespondiert.In a further embodiment, a plurality of heating zones, in particular by electrical heating elements, realized whose position corresponds at least partially to the position of a degassing on the wall of the screw cylinder.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Schnecke eine Mehrzahl von Mischzonen (n ≥ 3) aufweist, in denen auf dem Schneckenkern, jeweils unter Unterbrechung des Schneckenganges, über den Umfang verteilt Mischnocken angeordnet sind und die zum Teil mit Homogenisierungszonen zusammenfallen. Spezieller sind in mindestens einem Teil der Mischzonen, insbesondere in allen Mischzonen, jeweils zwei bis vier ringförmige Anordnungen von über den Umfang gleichmäßig beabstandeten Mischnocken vorgesehen. In diesen Mischbereichen werden insbesondere Rückstände von Lack auf Metallic-Basis oder sonstige kleine metallische Verunreinigungen weiter zerkleinert und in die Kunststoffschmelze intensiv eingearbeitet, so dass sie die Qualität des Granulats nicht negativ beeinflussen können.In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the worm has a plurality of mixing zones (n ≥ 3) in which mixing cams are distributed on the worm core, in each case interrupting the worm passage, distributed over the circumference and coinciding in part with homogenization zones. More specifically, two to four annular arrays of uniformly spaced circumferential mixing cams are provided in at least a portion of the mixing zones, in particular in all mixing zones. In particular, residues of metallic-based paint or other small metallic impurities are further comminuted in these mixing areas and incorporated intensively into the plastic melt, so that they can not adversely affect the quality of the granules.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist benachbart zur Beschickungsöffnung eine Kühleinrichtung, insbesondere ein Kühlring, zum anfänglichen Kühlen des zugeführten Kunststoffschrotts vorgesehen. Hierdurch wird ein unerwünschtes Anbacken von erweichendem Schrott nahe an der Beschickungsöffnung verhindert.In a further embodiment, a cooling device, in particular a cooling ring, is provided adjacent to the charging opening for initial cooling of the supplied plastic scrap. This prevents unwanted caking of softening scrap near the feed opening.
Vorteile und Zweckmäßigkeiten der Erfindung ergeben sich im Übrigen aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Figuren. Von diesen zeigen:Incidentally, advantages and expediencies of the invention emerge from the following description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the figures. From these show:
Die
Nahe der Beschickungsöffnung
In der Wandung des Rohres sind vier Bohrungen
In Mischzonen
Im Übrigen ist die Schnecke über die Länge des Schneckenganges mit in vorbestimmter Weise variierendem Kerndurchmesser gestaltet, d. h. es sind zylindrische Bereiche mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern und konische (kegelstumpfförmige) Bereiche gebildet. Diese haben im Zusammenwirken mit den weiter oben erwähnten Entgasungsöffnungen und Heizzonen des Schneckenzylinders bestimmte Funktionen beim Transport und der Behandlung des eingesetzten Materials. In den Abschnitten
Der zur Beschickungsöffnung
In Richtung von der Beschickungsöffnung zur Auslassöffnung des Schneckenzylinders gesehen, sind der erste Entgasungsbereich
Die
Der Spezial-Stopfen
Im Übrigen ist die Ausführung der Erfindung nicht auf die hier gezeigten und erläuterten Beispiele beschränkt, sondern auch in einer Vielzahl von Abwandlungen möglich, die im Rahmen fachgemäßen Handelns liegt.Incidentally, the embodiment of the invention is not limited to the examples shown and illustrated here, but also in a variety of modifications possible, which lies within the scope of professional action.
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
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DE201210206100 DE102012206100A1 (en) | 2012-04-13 | 2012-04-13 | Conditioning extruder for plasticizing plastic scrap and for forming purified plastic granulate, has screw cylinder with feed opening at its one end for plastic scrap and outlet opening for plastic granulate at its another end |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE201210206100 DE102012206100A1 (en) | 2012-04-13 | 2012-04-13 | Conditioning extruder for plasticizing plastic scrap and for forming purified plastic granulate, has screw cylinder with feed opening at its one end for plastic scrap and outlet opening for plastic granulate at its another end |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE201210206100 Withdrawn DE102012206100A1 (en) | 2012-04-13 | 2012-04-13 | Conditioning extruder for plasticizing plastic scrap and for forming purified plastic granulate, has screw cylinder with feed opening at its one end for plastic scrap and outlet opening for plastic granulate at its another end |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3412422A1 (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2018-12-12 | Tamam Trading DWC-LLC | Integrated method, system and machine for recycling pulper reject into raw material applicable as input for injection moulding production of various products obtained from said method and machine |
WO2019030611A1 (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-14 | STEYN, John Henry | Process and apparatus for recycling of mixed plastic waste |
-
2012
- 2012-04-13 DE DE201210206100 patent/DE102012206100A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3412422A1 (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2018-12-12 | Tamam Trading DWC-LLC | Integrated method, system and machine for recycling pulper reject into raw material applicable as input for injection moulding production of various products obtained from said method and machine |
WO2019030611A1 (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-14 | STEYN, John Henry | Process and apparatus for recycling of mixed plastic waste |
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