DE102012025504A1 - Method for determination of emissivity of various materials, involves measuring temperature of measured object simultaneously with thermal image camera and contact temperature sensor, and computing emissivity by data processing - Google Patents
Method for determination of emissivity of various materials, involves measuring temperature of measured object simultaneously with thermal image camera and contact temperature sensor, and computing emissivity by data processing Download PDFInfo
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- DE102012025504A1 DE102012025504A1 DE201210025504 DE102012025504A DE102012025504A1 DE 102012025504 A1 DE102012025504 A1 DE 102012025504A1 DE 201210025504 DE201210025504 DE 201210025504 DE 102012025504 A DE102012025504 A DE 102012025504A DE 102012025504 A1 DE102012025504 A1 DE 102012025504A1
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- emissivity
- temperature
- temperature sensor
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/02—Constructional details
- G01J5/08—Optical arrangements
- G01J5/0846—Optical arrangements having multiple detectors for performing different types of detection, e.g. using radiometry and reflectometry channels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J2005/0074—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry having separate detection of emissivity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J2005/0077—Imaging
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Stand der Technik:State of the art:
Die berührungslose Temperaturmessung mit Wärmebildkameras basiert auf der Messung der von einem Messobjekt ausgesandten Wärmestrahlung, welche meist im infraroten Wellenlängenbereich liegt. Wärmebildkameras sind daher Infrarotkameras. Mit Hilfe einer Kalibrierung wird die gemessene Strahlungsintensität in eine absolute Temperatur umgerechnet. Die physikalische Grundlage dazu bildet das Planck'sche Strahlungsgesetz. Aus diesem Naturgesetz ergibt sich jedoch die lineare Abhängigkeit der Strahlungsintensität vom Emissionsgrad. Der Emissionsgrad liegt zwischen 0 und 1. Einen Emissionsgrad von 1 hat der ideale „schwarze Strahler”. Von realen Messobjekten wird dieser jedoch nie erreicht. Bei der Temperaturmessung mit Wärmebildkameras (wie auch mit Pyrometern) muss also der Emissionsgrad berücksichtigt werden, um ein genaues Messergebnis zu erzielen.The non-contact temperature measurement with thermal imaging cameras is based on the measurement of the heat radiation emitted by a measurement object, which is usually in the infrared wavelength range. Thermal cameras are therefore infrared cameras. With the aid of a calibration, the measured radiation intensity is converted into an absolute temperature. The physical basis for this is Planck's law of radiation. However, the linear dependence of the radiation intensity on the emissivity results from this natural law. The emissivity is between 0 and 1. An emissivity of 1 has the ideal "black emitter". However, this is never achieved by real measurement objects. When measuring the temperature with thermal imaging cameras (as well as with pyrometers), the emissivity must be taken into account in order to obtain an accurate measurement result.
Bei heute verfügbaren Wärmebildkameras muss der Emissionsgrad vom Bediener an der Wärmebildkamera selbst oder in der Software eines an die Wärmebildkamera angeschlossenen Rechners eingegeben werden. Die Emissionsgrade verschiedener Materialien sind in Tabellenform verfügbar, oder müssen vom Bediener selbst bestimmt werden. Eine übliche Methode, dem Emissionsgrad zu bestimmen, ist, die Temperatur des Messobjektes z. B. mit einem berührenden Thermometer (z. B. Einstechfühler, Oberflächensensor, o. ä.) zu messen und den Emissionsgrad an der Wärmebildkamera so lange zu verändern, bis die an Wärmebildkamera und Thermometer angezeigten Temperaturwerte übereinstimmen.For thermal imaging cameras available today, the emissivity must be entered by the operator on the thermal imaging camera itself or in the software of a computer connected to the thermal imaging camera. The emissivities of various materials are available in tabular form, or must be determined by the operator himself. A common way to determine the emissivity, is the temperature of the measurement object z. For example, measure with a touching thermometer (eg, penetration probe, surface sensor, etc.) and change the emissivity of the thermal imager until the temperature values displayed on the thermal imager and thermometer match.
Der Emissionsgrad kann sich während der Temperaturmessung auch verändern, z. B. durch temperaturbedingte chemische Veränderung wie Oxidation. Entsprechend muss der an der Wärmebildkamera oder Software eingestellte Emissionsgrad während der Messung angepasst werden.The emissivity may also change during the temperature measurement, eg. B. by temperature-induced chemical change such as oxidation. Accordingly, the emissivity set on the thermal imager or software must be adjusted during the measurement.
Problem:Problem:
Der im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, die Emissionsgrad-Bestimmung und -Einstellung zu automatisieren, zu vereinfachen und zu beschleunigen.The indicated in claim 1 invention is based on the problem to automate the emissivity determination and adjustment, simplify and speed up.
Lösung:Solution:
Dieses Problem wird durch die in den Patentansprüchen 1 bis 10 aufgeführten Merkmale gelöst. Die Temperatur eines Messobjektes wird gleichzeitig mit einem berührenden Temperatursensor und mit einer Wärmebildkamera gemessen. Durch Datenverarbeitung der beiden Temperaturwerte erfolgt automatisch die Berechnung des Emissionsgrades. Die Berechnung des Emissionsgrades kann z. B. durch ein iteratives Rechenverfahren erfolgen. Bei diesem wird in mehreren Schritten der in der Wärmebildkamera verwendete Wert für den Emissionsgrad so lange verändert, bis die vom Temperatursensor und von der Wärmebildkamera gemessenen Temperaturwerte übereinstimmen. Die automatische Bestimmung des Emissionsgrades kann zu einem einzigen Zeitpunkt oder auch kontinuierlich erfolgen. Im Allgemeinen wird darauf zu achten sein, dass der Temperatursensor und die Wärmebildkamera die Temperatur an der selben Stelle auf dem Messobjekt messen. Die Wärmebildkamera sollte für die Umsetzung des Verfahrens mit einer Mess-Schnittstelle ausgestattet sein, welche den direkten Anschluss des Temperatursensors (analog oder digital) ermöglicht. Dies ermöglicht die gleichzeitige Erfassung der Temperaturwerte, was bei schnellen thermischen Vorgängen von Vorteil ist, um die systematischen Messfehler klein zu halten. Sofern die Wärmebildkamera an einen Rechner angeschlossen ist und zu diesem die Wärmebilder überträgt, kann die Temperaturberechnung und -Bestimmung des Emissionsgrades auch mit einem Computerprogramm auf dem Rechner (statt in der Wärmebildkamera) erfolgen. Der Temperatursensor kann auch zusätzlich an eine Temperatur-Anzeigegerät angeschlossen sein und somit mit diesem ein Thermometer bilden.This problem is solved by the features listed in the patent claims 1 to 10. The temperature of a measurement object is measured simultaneously with a touching temperature sensor and with a thermal imaging camera. Data processing of the two temperature values automatically results in the calculation of the emissivity. The calculation of the emissivity can z. B. by an iterative calculation. In this case, the emissivity value used in the thermal imager is changed in several steps until the temperature values measured by the temperature sensor and the thermal imager match. The automatic determination of the emissivity can be done at a single time or continuously. In general, it must be ensured that the temperature sensor and the thermal imager measure the temperature at the same point on the measuring object. The thermal imager should be equipped with a measuring interface for the implementation of the method, which allows the direct connection of the temperature sensor (analog or digital). This enables the simultaneous detection of the temperature values, which is advantageous in fast thermal processes in order to keep the systematic measurement errors small. If the thermal imaging camera is connected to a computer and transmits the thermal images to it, the temperature calculation and determination of the emissivity can also be carried out with a computer program on the computer (instead of in the thermal imaging camera). The temperature sensor can also be connected in addition to a temperature indicator and thus form a thermometer with this.
Erreichte Vorteile:Achieved benefits:
Die Automatisierung der Emissionsgradbestimmung macht die manuelle Eingabe durch einen Bediener überflüssig. Eine Vereinfachung liegt darin, dass die Messeinrichtung nur einmal eingestellt werden muss und eine Überwachung des Messvorganges durch einen Bediener nicht erforderlich ist. Durch die Automatisierung ergibt sich ein Geschwindigkeitvorteil bei der Emissionsgrad-Bestimmung gegenüber einer wiederholten, iterativen Eingabe von Werten durch einen Bediener.Automation of emissivity determination eliminates manual operator input. A simplification lies in the fact that the measuring device must be set only once and monitoring of the measuring process by an operator is not required. Automation provides a speed advantage in determining emissivity versus repetitive, iterative input of values by an operator.
Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels:Description of an embodiment:
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described in more detail below.
Es zeigtIt shows
Claims (10)
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DE201210025504 DE102012025504A1 (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2012-12-27 | Method for determination of emissivity of various materials, involves measuring temperature of measured object simultaneously with thermal image camera and contact temperature sensor, and computing emissivity by data processing |
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DE201210025504 DE102012025504A1 (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2012-12-27 | Method for determination of emissivity of various materials, involves measuring temperature of measured object simultaneously with thermal image camera and contact temperature sensor, and computing emissivity by data processing |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202016101673U1 (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2016-05-10 | Techem Energy Services Gmbh | Device for balancing a temperature measuring circuit in a heat cost allocator |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06331447A (en) * | 1993-05-18 | 1994-12-02 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for evaluating precision of radiation thermometer |
JPH07190861A (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1995-07-28 | Anritsu Keiki Kk | Method and apparatus for measurement of temperature |
EP0747682A1 (en) * | 1995-05-31 | 1996-12-11 | Anritsu Meter Co., Ltd. | Temperature measuring apparatus |
WO2005036115A1 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2005-04-21 | Alcan Technology & Management Ltd. | Contactless temperature measurement |
DE102008046725A1 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2009-05-28 | Fluke Corp., Everett | Infrared target temperature correction system and method |
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2012
- 2012-12-27 DE DE201210025504 patent/DE102012025504A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06331447A (en) * | 1993-05-18 | 1994-12-02 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for evaluating precision of radiation thermometer |
JPH07190861A (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1995-07-28 | Anritsu Keiki Kk | Method and apparatus for measurement of temperature |
EP0747682A1 (en) * | 1995-05-31 | 1996-12-11 | Anritsu Meter Co., Ltd. | Temperature measuring apparatus |
WO2005036115A1 (en) * | 2003-10-07 | 2005-04-21 | Alcan Technology & Management Ltd. | Contactless temperature measurement |
DE102008046725A1 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2009-05-28 | Fluke Corp., Everett | Infrared target temperature correction system and method |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202016101673U1 (en) | 2016-03-29 | 2016-05-10 | Techem Energy Services Gmbh | Device for balancing a temperature measuring circuit in a heat cost allocator |
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