DE102010010852B4 - Method for power modulation in motor cogeneration plants - Google Patents
Method for power modulation in motor cogeneration plants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102010010852B4 DE102010010852B4 DE102010010852.9A DE102010010852A DE102010010852B4 DE 102010010852 B4 DE102010010852 B4 DE 102010010852B4 DE 102010010852 A DE102010010852 A DE 102010010852A DE 102010010852 B4 DE102010010852 B4 DE 102010010852B4
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- throttle
- power
- valve
- throttle body
- internal combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/02—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning induction conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B31/00—Modifying induction systems for imparting a rotation to the charge in the cylinder
- F02B31/04—Modifying induction systems for imparting a rotation to the charge in the cylinder by means within the induction channel, e.g. deflectors
- F02B31/06—Movable means, e.g. butterfly valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D11/00—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated
- F02D11/06—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance
- F02D11/10—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance of the electric type
- F02D11/105—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by non-mechanical control linkages, e.g. fluid control linkages or by control linkages with power drive or assistance of the electric type characterised by the function converting demand to actuation, e.g. a map indicating relations between an accelerator pedal position and throttle valve opening or target engine torque
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
- F02D29/06—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
Abstract
Verfahren zur Dosierung der Leistung einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit einem Drosselorgan, vorzugsweise einer Drosselklappe (8), wobei die Dosierung der Leistung hauptsächlich durch Variation der mechanischen Last am Ausgang der Verbrennungskraftmaschine und der Brennstoffzufuhr eingestellt wird, wobei das Drosselorgans bei Maximallast weitestgehend vollständig geöffnet ist und bei Reduktion der Leistung das Drosselorgan nur ein Bruchteil dessen geschlossen wird, wie es bei einer reinen Leistungsdrosselung mittels Drosselorgan üblich wäre, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Drosselorgan bei Reduktion der Leistung nur um einen Winkel α geschlossen wird, welcher maximal einem Fünftel des Winkels entspricht, der bei einer Leistungsdrosselung mittels Drosselorgan üblich wäre.A method of metering the power of an internal combustion engine with a throttle body, preferably a throttle valve (8), wherein the dosage of power is adjusted mainly by varying the mechanical load at the output of the internal combustion engine and the fuel supply, wherein the throttle body is fully open at maximum load and at Reduction of the performance of the throttle body is only a fraction of it is closed, as would be customary in a pure power throttling throttle body, characterized in that the throttle body is closed at reduction of power only by an angle α, which corresponds to a maximum of one fifth of the angle would be common for a throttling throttle device.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Leistungsmodulation bei motorischen Blockheizkraftwerken.The invention relates to a method for power modulation in motor cogeneration units.
Beim Betrieb eines Verbrennungsmotors stellt sich eine Drehzahl ein, bei der die Belastung und die Last im Gleichgewicht sind. Als Last wirkt bei einem Blockheizkraftwerk ein elektrischer Generator, als Belastung das Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch. Die Abwärme eines Blockheizkraftwerk-Verbrennungsmotors, welche auf den Kühlkreislauf übertragen wird, wird zu Heizzwecken genutzt.When operating an internal combustion engine, a speed is set in which the load and the load are in equilibrium. As a load acts in a combined heat and power plant, an electric generator, as a burden, the fuel-air mixture. The waste heat of a combined heat and power plant internal combustion engine, which is transferred to the cooling circuit, is used for heating purposes.
Die Leistung P eines Motors ergibt sich aus dem Produkt des Drehmoments M mit der Winkelgeschwindigkeit ω. Hierbei ist zu berücksichtigen, dass das Drehmoment M eines Motors bis zu einer bestimmten Drehzahl n ansteigt und ab einer gewissen Drehzahl wieder sinkt.
Je nach Leistung wird ein bestimmtes Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch benötigt. Dieses Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch ist nur in bestimmten Grenzen zündfähig, so dass der Verbrennungsluftstrom stets auf den Brennstoffstrom angepasst werden muss. Dies gilt insbesondere auch hinsichtlich einer hygienischen Verbrennung und der Möglichkeit der Abgasnachbehandlung, weshalb Verbrennungsmotoren häufig stöchiometrisch betrieben werden. Ist keine Abgasnachbehandlung mittels eines Dreiwege-Katalysators notwendig, so wird der Motor meist mager (d. h. mit Luftüberschuss) betrieben.Depending on the performance, a specific fuel-air mixture is needed. This fuel-air mixture is ignitable only within certain limits, so that the combustion air flow must always be adjusted to the fuel flow. This is especially true in terms of hygienic combustion and the possibility of exhaust aftertreatment, which is why internal combustion engines are often operated stoichiometrically. If no exhaust aftertreatment by means of a three-way catalyst is necessary, the engine is usually operated lean (that is, with excess air).
Im Folgenden wird jeweils auf ein Drosselorgan und je ein Einlass- und Auslassventil eingegangen. Jedoch sei explizit darauf hingewiesen, dass die Erfindung selbstverständlich auch auf Motoren mit mehreren Drosselorganen und/oder mehreren Einlass- und Auslassventilen anzuwenden ist. Als Drosselorgan kommt zumeist eine Drosselklappe zum Einsatz.In the following, a throttle element and one inlet and one outlet valve will be discussed in each case. However, it should be explicitly understood that the invention is of course also applicable to engines with multiple throttle bodies and / or multiple intake and exhaust valves. As a throttle body is usually a throttle valve used.
Bei Volllast ist das Drosselorgan zumeist vollständig geöffnet, wodurch die maximale Gemischmenge in den oder die Zylinder strömen kann. Eine Möglichkeit der Leistungsreduzierung besteht darin, das Drosselorgan teilweise zu schließen, wodurch die Luftmenge reduziert wird. Um eine stöchiometrische Verbrennung weiterhin zu gewährleisten, wird auch die Brennstoffmenge reduziert. Es stellt sich eine geringere Drehzahl n mit in der Regel einem geringerem Drehmoment M ein. Dementsprechend ist auch die Leistung P geringer.At full load, the throttle body is usually fully open, whereby the maximum amount of mixture in the cylinder or cylinders can flow. One way of reducing power is to partially close the throttle body, thereby reducing the amount of air. To further ensure stoichiometric combustion, the amount of fuel is also reduced. It turns a lower speed n usually with a lower torque M a. Accordingly, the power P is lower.
Das Drehmoment des Motors ist vorwiegend von der Füllung der Zylinder, den inneren Reibungsverlusten des Motors, der Stellung des Drosselorgans, sonstigen Strömungswiderständen im Ansaug- und Abgassystem sowie Spülverlusten abhängig. Bei Veränderung der Stellung des Drosselorgans stellen sich ein verändertes Drehmoment und eine andere Drehzahl ein.The torque of the engine is mainly dependent on the filling of the cylinder, the internal friction losses of the engine, the position of the throttle body, other flow resistance in the intake and exhaust system and flushing losses. When changing the position of the throttle body, set a different torque and a different speed.
Durch das Schließen des Drosselorgans entstehen Drosselverluste, welche den mechanischen Wirkungsgrad des Verbrennungsmotors negativ beeinflussen. Daher ist man insbesondere bei Blockheizkraftwerken bestrebt, die Drosselverluste zu minimieren. Dies kann einerseits dadurch geschehen, dass der Ventiltrieb lastabhängig erfolgt und dabei die Aufgabe der Drosselklappe zumindest teilweise übernimmt. Im Idealfall kann gänzlich auf ein gesondertes Drosselorgan verzichtet wird.By closing the throttle body arise throttle losses, which adversely affect the mechanical efficiency of the engine. Therefore, one strives in particular for cogeneration plants to minimize the throttle losses. On the one hand, this can be done by the valve drive being load-dependent and at least partially taking over the task of the throttle valve. Ideally, a separate throttle body can be completely dispensed with.
Aus der
Die engste Stelle im Ansaugtrakt ergibt sich durch die vom Einlassventil freigegebene Querschnittsfläche und ist somit auch während des Saugvorgangs nicht konstant. Somit ergibt sich vor allem bei völlig geöffneter Drosselklappe die Eigenschaft, dass das Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch bis unmittelbar vor das Einlassventil mit einem nahezu konstanten Turbulenzgrad strömt und erst unmittelbar im Wirkbereich des Einlassventils der Turbulenzgrad deutlich zunimmt. Dieser Anstieg des Turbulenzgrades hat zur Folge, dass die Verluste unmittelbar am Zylindereintritt vermehrt zunehmen.The narrowest point in the intake tract results from the cross-sectional area released by the inlet valve and is therefore not constant even during the suction process. Thus, especially when the throttle valve is fully open, the property that the fuel-air mixture flows until almost immediately before the inlet valve with a virtually constant degree of turbulence and only significantly increases the degree of turbulence directly in the effective range of the intake valve. This increase in the degree of turbulence causes the losses to increase more rapidly as soon as the cylinder enters.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Verluste am Zylindereintritt zu vermindern.The invention has for its object to reduce the losses at the cylinder inlet.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies gemäß den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 dadurch gelöst, dass das Drosselorgan bei Maximallast weitestgehend vollständig geöffnet ist und bei Reduktion der Leistung das Drosselorgan nur ein Bruchteil dessen geschlossen wird, wie es bei einer reinen Leistungsdrosselung mittels Drosselorgan üblich wäre. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass die Drosselverluste an der Drosselklappe deutlich geringer als bei reiner Leistungsdrosselung mittels Drosselorganen sind, zugleich jedoch im Vergleich zu völlig geöffnetem Drosselorgan bei Leistungsminderung bereits an der Drosselklappe der Turbulenzgrad erhöht wird, so dass dieser am Einlassventil weniger ansteigt, die Drosselverluste an dem Einlassventil vermindert werden und eine bessere Zylinderfüllung ermöglicht wird.This is achieved according to the features of
Zugleich wird durch die Erhöhung des Turbulenzgrades am Drosselorgan eine bessere Durchmischung des Brennstoff-Luft-Gemischs vor dem Zylinder erreicht, wodurch geringere Emissionen an unverbrannten Kohlenwasserstoffen im Abgas erreicht werden. Wird das Drosselorgan bei Reduktion der Leistung nur um einen Winkel α geschlossen, welcher maximal einem Fünftel des Winkels entspricht, der bei einer Leistungsdrosselung mittels Drosselorgan üblich wäre, so sind die Drosselverluste an dem Drosselorgan vernachlässigbar gering.At the same time a better mixing of the fuel-air mixture is achieved in front of the cylinder by increasing the degree of turbulence on the throttle body, whereby lower emissions of unburned hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas can be achieved. If the throttling member is closed by reducing the power only by an angle α which corresponds at most to one fifth of the angle that would be customary with a throttling by means of a throttling member, then the throttling losses at the throttling member are negligibly small.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich durch die Merkmale der abhängigen Ansprüche. So ist der Effekt besonders positiv, wenn das Drosselorgan nahe dem Einlassventil angeordnet ist.Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the features of the dependent claims. Thus, the effect is particularly positive when the throttle body is located near the inlet valve.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der Figuren detailliert erläutert. Hierbei zeigen:The invention will now be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. Hereby show:
Während des Betriebs wird die Drosselklappe
Entscheidend ist, dass die Drosselklappe
Soll die Leistung wieder erhöht werden, so wird die Brennstoffzufuhr erhöht und die Drosselklappe wieder weiter geöffnet.If the power is increased again, the fuel supply is increased and the throttle opens again.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT422/2009 | 2009-03-17 | ||
AT0042209A AT507802B1 (en) | 2009-03-17 | 2009-03-17 | METHOD FOR PERFORMANCE MODULATION IN MOTOR BLOCK HEATING PLANTS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102010010852A1 DE102010010852A1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
DE102010010852B4 true DE102010010852B4 (en) | 2017-03-02 |
Family
ID=42537250
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE102010010852.9A Expired - Fee Related DE102010010852B4 (en) | 2009-03-17 | 2010-03-10 | Method for power modulation in motor cogeneration plants |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT507802B1 (en) |
CH (1) | CH700678A2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010010852B4 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012214538A1 (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2014-02-20 | Peter Thomsen | Combined heat and power plant |
DE102018118580A1 (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2020-02-06 | 2G Energy AG | CHP |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0661432A2 (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-07-05 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Apparatus for and method of controlling internal combustion engine |
WO1997002454A1 (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1997-01-23 | Ryhiner Daniel G | Process and device for dosing the thermal output of combined heat and power generation systems |
DE102010011240A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-15 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC , (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) | Throttle valve control for an internal combustion engine |
-
2009
- 2009-03-17 AT AT0042209A patent/AT507802B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2010
- 2010-03-10 DE DE102010010852.9A patent/DE102010010852B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-03-17 CH CH00369/10A patent/CH700678A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0661432A2 (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-07-05 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Apparatus for and method of controlling internal combustion engine |
WO1997002454A1 (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1997-01-23 | Ryhiner Daniel G | Process and device for dosing the thermal output of combined heat and power generation systems |
EP0835411B1 (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1999-09-29 | Ecopower Energy Solutions AG | Process and device for adjusting the thermal output of combined heat and power generation systems |
DE102010011240A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-15 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC , (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) | Throttle valve control for an internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102010010852A1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
AT507802A4 (en) | 2010-08-15 |
CH700678A2 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
AT507802B1 (en) | 2010-08-15 |
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