DE102007023836A1 - Method for constructing a hybrid building module has reinforcing fibers running through one section and extending into an adjacent section where they are bonded in place - Google Patents
Method for constructing a hybrid building module has reinforcing fibers running through one section and extending into an adjacent section where they are bonded in place Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102007023836A1 DE102007023836A1 DE102007023836A DE102007023836A DE102007023836A1 DE 102007023836 A1 DE102007023836 A1 DE 102007023836A1 DE 102007023836 A DE102007023836 A DE 102007023836A DE 102007023836 A DE102007023836 A DE 102007023836A DE 102007023836 A1 DE102007023836 A1 DE 102007023836A1
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- fibers
- component
- section
- embedded
- fiber
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- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 129
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 127
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001136792 Alle Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
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- B29C70/504—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC] using rollers or pressure bands
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/562—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using extra joining elements, i.e. which are not integral with the parts to be joined
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
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- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
- B29C66/72141—Fibres of continuous length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
- B29C66/83221—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis cooperating reciprocating tools, each tool reciprocating along one axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/44—Compression means for making articles of indefinite length
- B29C43/46—Rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
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- B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29K2305/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, as reinforcement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines hybriden Bauteils, umfassend die Schritte:
- – Bereitstellen eines ersten Materials,
- – Bereitstellen eines zweiten Materials,
- – Bereitstellen mindestens einer Lage aus einer Vielzahl von Fasern,
- – Einbetten eines ersten Abschnitts der Fasern in das erste Material.
- Providing a first material,
- Providing a second material,
- Providing at least one layer of a plurality of fibers,
- Embedding a first portion of the fibers in the first material.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung ist ein hybrides Bauteil, umfassend ein erstes Material, ein zweites Material sowie mindestens eine Lage aus einer Vielzahl von Fasern.One Another aspect of the invention is a hybrid component comprising a first material, a second material and at least one Location of a variety of fibers.
In der Anwendung von Faserverbundwerkstoffen ist es häufig notwendig, Bauteile aus Faserverbundwerkstoff mit anderen Bauteilen zu hybriden Bauteilen zu verbinden. Bisherige Lösungen basieren darauf, faserverstärkte Bauteile mit anderen Bauteilen durch Kleben und/oder Nieten oder Schrauben zu verbinden. Dazu ist in der Regel ein paralleler oder überlappender Stoß der beiden Bauteile notwendig. Einige existierende Lösungen basieren darauf, Hülsen aus Metall im Verbindungsbereich in den Faserverbundwerkstoff einzubetten und diese für den späteren Fügeprozess zu nutzen.In The use of fiber composites often requires Components made of fiber composite material with other components to hybrid components connect to. Previous solutions based on fiber reinforced Components with other components by gluing and / or riveting or To connect screws. This is usually a parallel or overlapping Push the necessary for both components. Some existing solutions are based on pods Embed metal in the connection area in the fiber composite material and this for later joining process to use.
All diesen Lösungen und Verfahren ist gemein, dass die Verbindung zum zweiten Bauteil eine Schwachstelle darstellt, da die Kraftübertragung im Faserverbundwerkstoff durch eine nachteilige Unterbrechung in der Kraftübertragung geschwächt wird. Die Krafteinleitung in das zweite Bauteil erfolgt dann über z. B. Kleb-, Schraub- oder Nietverbindungen, wobei die Kräfte stark umgelenkt werden bzw. insbesondere bei punktförmigen Verbindungen (Schraub- oder Nietverbindungen) nur teilweise übertragen werden können. Die Eigenschaften eines hybriden Bauteils dieser Bauart können aufgrund einer solchen Verbindungsschwachstelle üblicherweise nicht die Eigenschaften der Einzelbauteile erreichen.Alles these solutions and method is common that the connection to the second component represents a weak point, since the power transmission in the fiber composite material by an adverse interruption in power transmission weakened becomes. The force is introduced into the second component then z. B. Adhesive, screw or rivet joints, with strong forces be redirected or in particular at punctual connections (screw or Rivet connections) are only partially transferred can. The properties of a hybrid component of this type can be due to Such a connection vulnerability usually does not have the characteristics reach the individual components.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Kraftübertragung zwischen den beiden Bauteilen zu verbessern.Of the Invention is therefore the object of the power transmission between the two components to improve.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art gelöst, bei dem ein zweiter Abschnitt der Fasern, der aus dem ersten Material aus der für die Verbindung mit dem zweiten Material vorgesehenen Verbindungsfläche herausragt und in einem weiteren Schritt oder zeitgleich mit der Einbettung des ersten Abschnitts in das erste Material auch in das zweite Material eingebettet wird, so dass die Fasern durchgehend, ohne Unterbrechung über den Verbindungsbereich des ersten und zweiten Materials verlaufen und eine Adhäsion und/oder Kohäsion zwischen erstem Abschnitt der Fasern und erstem Material sowie zwischen zweitem Abschnitt der Fasern und zweitem Material erreicht wird.These The object is achieved by a Solved method of the type mentioned, in which a second section the fibers made from the first material used for the connection protrudes with the second material provided connection surface and in a further step or at the same time as the embedding of the first section in the first material also in the second material is embedded so that the fibers are continuous, without interruption over the Connecting region of the first and second material extend and an adhesion and / or cohesion between the first portion of the fibers and the first material and between second portion of the fibers and second material is achieved.
Die Erfindung ermöglicht es, hybride Bauteile mit im Verbindungsbereich durchgängigen Fasern herzustellen. Zu diesem Zweck stellt das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ein erstes Material bereit, das die Matrix des faserverstärkten Bauteils darstellt. Das mit diesem faserverstärkten Bauteil zu verbindende zweite Bauteil besteht aus einem zweiten bereitgestellten Material. Die verstärkenden Fasern werden in mindestens einer Lage bereitgestellt. Unter einer Lage von Fasern (oft auch als Verstärkungsfasern bezeichnet) soll in diesem Zusammenhang jede Art und Form von Einzelfasern, wie Kurz-/Lang-/Endlosfasern, oder beliebige Faserhalbzeuge, wie Faserstränge/-matten/-vliese/-laminate, verstanden werden. Dabei können Fasern aus einem beliebigen geeigneten Material zum Einsatz kommen, beispielsweise Aramidfasern, Kohlenstofffasern oder Glasfasern. Die Fasern können in beliebiger Anordnung und Orientierung bereitgestellt werden, wie uni-, bi- oder multidirektional. Es bestehen keine Einschränkungen bezüglich der zu verwendenden Faserarten, -materiallen, -längen oder -dicken.The Invention allows to produce hybrid components with fibers that are continuous in the connection area. For this purpose, the method according to the invention provides a first material ready, which represents the matrix of the fiber reinforced component. The with this fiber reinforced Component to be connected second component consists of a second provided material. The reinforcing fibers are in at least a location provided. Under a layer of fibers (often too referred to as reinforcing fibers) In this context, every type and form of individual fibers, as short / long / continuous fibers, or any semi-finished fiber products, such as Fiber strands / mats / fleeces / laminates, be understood. It can Fibers of any suitable material are used, For example, aramid fibers, carbon fibers or glass fibers. The fibers can be provided in any arrangement and orientation, as unidirectional, bi-directional or multidirectional. There are no restrictions on the fiber types, materials, lengths or thicknesses to be used.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird aus dem genannten ersten und zweiten Material und der Faserlage ein hybrides Bauteil hergestellt, bei dem durch Einbettung sowohl ein Verbund eines ersten Abschnitts der Faserlage mit der Matrix des ersten Materials als auch ein Verbund eines zweiten Abschnitts der Faserlage mit der Matrix des zweiten Materials hergestellt wird. Unter Einbettung wird ein Ein- bzw. Umschließen der Fasern durch die sie umgebende Matrix verstanden, so dass ein adhäsiver und/oder kohäsiver Verbund zwischen Fasern und Matrix entsteht. Die Faserlage erstreckt sich somit kontinuierlich und ohne Unterbrechung auf beide Materialien und ermöglicht eine durchgehende Kraftübertragung unverändert durch die Fasern und durch Adhäsion und/oder Kohäsion zwischen Fasern und Matrix über den Verbindungsbereich des hybriden Bauteils hinweg. Die Fasern müssen dabei nicht das gesamte zweite Bauteil durchdringen, sondern nur einen für die Übertragung der erforderlichen Bauteilbeanspruchung über die Verbindungsstelle der beiden Bauteile hinweg erforderlichen Bereich. Eine durchgehende und kontinuierliche Verbindung ohne Unterbrechung bedeutet dabei nicht, dass nicht einzelne Fasern im Verbindungsbereich enden können, sondern bezieht sich auf eine Vielzahl von Fasern, von denen mindestens ein Teil über den Verbindungsbereich hinweg kontinuierlich verläuft.With the method according to the invention is made of said first and second material and the fiber layer a hybrid component made by embedding both a composite of a first portion of the fiber layer with the matrix of the first material as well as a composite of a second section the fiber layer is produced with the matrix of the second material. Under embedding is an encasing or enclosing the fibers through them understood surrounding matrix, so that an adhesive and / or cohesive composite between fibers and matrix arises. The fiber layer extends thus continuously and without interruption on both materials and allows a continuous power transmission unchanged through the fibers and through adhesion and / or cohesion between fibers and matrix over the connection area of the hybrid component. The fibers have to not penetrate the entire second component, but only one for the transmission the required component stress on the junction of the required area between both components. A continuous and continuous connection without interruption means doing so not that individual fibers can not end up in the joint area, but rather refers to a variety of fibers, of which at least a part about runs continuously across the connection area.
Die Herstellung dieses hybriden Bauteils kann dadurch erfolgen, dass die zweite Matrix an eine bestehende erste Matrix, in die der erste Faserabschnitt bereits eingebettet ist und an der für die Verbindung vorgesehenen Verbindungsfläche herausragt, angeschlossen wird. Eine Alternative dazu ist, die Fasern zur gleichen Zeit oder in derselben Fertigungsphase sowohl in die erste als auch in die zweite Matrix einzubetten.The production of this hybrid component can take place in that the second matrix to an existing first matrix, in which the first fiber is already embedded and protrudes at the connection surface provided for the connection, is connected. An alternative to this is to embed the fibers in both the first and second matrix at the same time or in the same manufacturing stage.
Eine bevorzugte Fortbildungsform sieht vor, das Einbetten von erstem und/oder zweitem Material und Fasern durch Umformen und/oder Fügen von zumindest zwei Halbzeugen des Materials um die Lage(n) aus Fasern herzustellen. Dazu werden die Halbzeuge des Materials in einer ersten Lage oberhalb und einer zweiten Lage unterhalb einer Faserlage angeordnet. Der adhäsive und/oder kohäsive Verbund zwischen Halbzeug und Fasern wird vorzugsweise durch Einpressen durch einen Pressstempel oder durch Einwalzen und Verschweißen, sog. Rollschweißen, hergestellt.A preferred training provides, the embedding of the first and / or second material and fibers by forming and / or joining of at least two semi-finished products of the material around the layer (s) of fibers manufacture. For this purpose, the semi-finished products of the material in a first Located above and a second layer below a fiber layer. The adhesive and / or cohesive Bond between semifinished product and fibers is preferably by pressing by a press die or by rolling and welding, so-called. Roll welding, produced.
Eine vorteilhafte Fortbildung sieht vor, dass mehrere Halbzeuge des ersten und/oder zweiten Materials in mindestens einer oberen, einer mittleren und einer unteren Lage bereitgestellt werden, so dass mindestens eine Faserlage zwischen der oberen und der mittleren Materiallage angeordnet ist und mindestens eine weitere Faserlage zwischen der unteren und der mittleren Materiallage angeordnet ist. Vorteil dieser Fortbildung ist es, durch die Einbettung mehrerer, kontinuierlich durch den Verbindungsbereich laufender Faserlagen diesen zusätzlich zu verstärken und die positiven Effekte der durchlaufenden Fasern mehrfach zu nutzen.A advantageous training provides that several semi-finished products of the first and / or second material in at least one upper, one middle and be provided a lower layer, so that at least one Fiber layer between the upper and middle layers of material arranged is and at least one more fiber layer between the lower and the middle material layer is arranged. Advantage of this training it is, by embedding several, continuously through the Connecting area of running fiber layers this in addition to strengthen and the positive effects of the passing fibers multiply use.
Eine weitere Fortbildungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, den Verbund von erstem und/oder zweitem Material und Fasern durch Urformen, insbesondere Gießen, des Matrixmaterials herzustellen. Beim Gießen umschließt die Matrix in flüssiger Form die Fasern, bevor sie erstarrt. Auch in dieser Fortbildungsform können mehrere Faserlagen oder andere beliebige Formen der Faseranordnung in das Material eingebettet werden, entweder indem die flüssige Matrix die Zwischenräume zwischen den Fasern durchdringt oder indem mehrere Faserlagen suk zessive in Abhängigkeit vom Füllstand der Gießform in die flüssige Matrix eingebracht werden.A Another further development of the invention provides, the composite of first and / or second material and fibers by primary molding, in particular casting, of Produce matrix material. When casting, the matrix encloses in liquid Form the fibers before they solidify. Also in this training form can multiple fiber layers or other arbitrary forms of fiber arrangement embedded in the material, either by the liquid matrix the interspaces penetrates between the fibers or by several fiber layers suk zessive dependent on from the level the mold in the liquid Matrix are introduced.
Es ist weiterhin bevorzugt, dass das Fortschreiten der Verbindung entlang der Verbindungsfläche der beiden Materialien verläuft, und so insbesondere eine Herstellung im Endlosverfahren ermöglicht wird. Ein solches Verfahren bietet den Vorteil eines kontinuierlichen Fügevorgangs, indem der Herstellungsprozess in Längsrichtung der Verbindungsfläche der beiden Materialien voranschreitet.It is further preferred that the progression of the compound along the interface the two materials are and so in particular a production in a continuous process is made possible. Such a method offers the advantage of a continuous Joining process, by the manufacturing process in the longitudinal direction of the connecting surface of the progressing both materials.
Es ist weiterhin bevorzugt, dass das erste Material mit einer polymeren Matrix oder einer Metallmatrix und das zweite Material mit einer Metallmatrix bereitgestellt werden, so dass ein hybrides Bauteil aus einem Faserkunststoffverbund (auch: Faser-Kunststoff-Verbund [FKV], faserverstärkter Kunststoff oder Faserverbundkunststoff [FVK]) oder Fasermetallverbundbauteil (auch: Faser-Metall-Verbund) und einem Metallbauteil, das ebenfalls zumindest im Verbindungsbereich eine Verbundstruktur aufweist, hergestellt wird. Es bestehen keine Einschränkungen bezüglich des zum Einsatz kommenden polymeren Matrixsystems und bezüglich der Herstellungsverfahren, die zu einem Faserverbundhalbzeug bzw. Faserverbundbauteil führen. Ebenso bestehen keine Einschränkungen bezüglich des verwendeten Metalls. Es können Metalllegierungen oder reine Metalle und beliebige Verfahren zu deren Herstellung Anwendung finden. Typische metallische Konstruktionswerkstoffe sind Leichtmetalle, wie Aluminium- oder Magnesiumlegierungen, und Stähle in allen Festigkeitsbereichen.It is further preferred that the first material with a polymeric Matrix or a metal matrix and the second material with a Metal matrix be provided, making a hybrid component a fiber-plastic composite (also: fiber-plastic composite [FKV], fiber reinforced plastic or fiber reinforced plastic [FVK]) or fiber-reinforced metal composite component (also: fiber-metal composite) and a metal component, which also at least in the connection area having a composite structure is produced. There are none restrictions in terms of the polymeric matrix system used and the manufacturing processes, leading to a fiber composite semi-finished or fiber composite component. Likewise exist no restrictions in terms of the metal used. It can Metal alloys or pure metals and any method too their manufacture find application. Typical metallic construction materials are light metals, such as aluminum or magnesium alloys, and steels in all Strength areas.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Fortbildung stellt ein hybrides Bauteil aus einem Faserkunststoffverbundbauteil und einem Metallbauteil mittels der vorgenannten Verfahrensfortbildung her. Dabei wird mindestens eine obere und eine untere Lage von Metallhalbzeugen sowie mindestens eine mittlere Faserlage bereitgestellt und der adhäsive und/oder kohäsive Verbund zwischen den Metallhalbzeugen und den Fasern vorzugsweise durch Einpressen durch einen Pressstempel oder durch Einwalzen und Verschweißen, sog. Rollschweißen, hergestellt. Insbesondere bei der Verbindung von Faserkunststoffverbundbauteilen mit Metallbauteilen ergeben sich aufgrund der Werkstoffeigenschaften, insbesondere des hohen Schmelzpunktes von Metall fertigungstechnische Schwierigkeiten bei der Einbettung der Fasern in die Metallmatrix, die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren umgangen werden können.A Particularly advantageous training is a hybrid component a fiber-plastic composite component and a metal component by means of the aforementioned method training ago. At least an upper and a lower layer of semi-finished metal products and at least provided a middle fiber layer and the adhesive and / or cohesive Bond between the semi-finished metal products and the fibers preferably by pressing through a ram or by rolling and welding, so-called roll welding, produced. In particular, in the connection of fiber-reinforced plastic composite components with metal components arise due to the material properties, especially the high melting point of metal manufacturing difficulties in the embedding of the fibers in the metal matrix, by the method according to the invention can be bypassed.
Es ist weiterhin bevorzugt, dass die Verbindungsflächen des ersten und zweiten Materials ein unebenes Oberflächenprofil aufweisen, um neben dem adhäsiven und/oder kohäsiven Verbund eine formschlüssige Verklammerung des ersten und zweiten Materials zu ermöglichen. Hier sind insbesondere hinterschnittene Profile bevorzugt. Ein solches Ineinandergreifen der Materialien an ihrer Stoßfläche unterstützt die Kraftübertragung im Verbindungsbereich der beiden Bauteile.It is further preferred that the connecting surfaces of the first and second Material an uneven surface profile have to be next to the adhesive and / or cohesive Composite a form-fitting Clamping of the first and second material to allow. Undercut profiles are particularly preferred here. Such Interlocking of the materials at their abutment supports the power transmission in the connection area of the two components.
Es ist weiterhin bevorzugt, dass zumindest einige der bereitgestellten Fasern aus einem metallischen Material bestehen und/oder mit einem vom Fasermaterial verschiedenen Material beschichtet sind. Vorzugsweise können metallische Fasern als dünne Drähte in den Verbindungsbereich eingebracht oder mit den dort bereits vorhandenen Fasern verwebt werden. Entsprechend des Verhältnisses der zusätzlichen metallischen Fasern zu den übrigen Fasern kann die metallische Durchdringung der Verstärkungsfasern eingestellt und so Art und Qualität des Einbettens der Verstärkungsfasern durch die Metallmatrix beeinflusst werden. Durch diese Fortbildung kann erreicht werden, dass durch eine günstige Materialwahl der Fasern und/oder ihrer Beschichtung, insbesondere mit einem niedrigeren Schmelzpunkt als das umgebende Material, eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung mit der umgebenden Matrix entsteht und so die Kraftübertragung zwischen Fasern und Matrix verbessert wird.It is further preferred that at least some of the fibers provided consist of a metallic material and / or are coated with a material different from the fiber material. Preferably, metallic fibers can be introduced as thin wires into the connection region or interwoven with the fibers already present there. Corresponding to the ratio of the additional metallic fibers to the remaining fibers, the metallic penetration of the amplifiers may be increased adjusted so that the type and quality of embedding the reinforcing fibers are influenced by the metal matrix. By means of this further development, it is possible to achieve a material-bonding connection with the surrounding matrix through a favorable choice of material of the fibers and / or their coating, in particular with a lower melting point than the surrounding material, thus improving the force transmission between fibers and matrix.
Es ist weiterhin bevorzugt, dass ein zusätzliches verstärkendes Element in den Verbindungsbereich zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Material eingebracht wird, so dass ein erster Abschnitt des Elements in das erste Material eingebettet wird und ein zweiter Abschnitt des Elements in das zweite Material eingebettet wird und das Element durchgehend über den Verbindungsbereich des ersten und zweiten Materials verläuft, wobei das Element eines oder mehrere Einzelteile umfasst und insbesondere als Drahtnetz oder Lochblech ausgebildet ist. Ein solches zusätzliches Element kann die Kraftübertragung im Verbindungsbereich zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Material vorteilhaft unterstützen, insbesondere bei einer Beanspruchung senkrecht zur Stoßfläche, wie z. B. einer Biegebeanspruchung.It is further preferred that an additional reinforcing Element in the connection area between the first and second Material is introduced, leaving a first section of the element embedded in the first material and a second section of the element is embedded in the second material and the element continuously over the connecting portion of the first and second material extends, wherein the element comprises one or more individual parts and in particular is designed as a wire mesh or perforated plate. Such an additional Element can be the power transmission advantageous in the connection region between the first and second material support, especially at a stress perpendicular to the impact surface, such as z. B. a bending stress.
Eine weitere Funktion kann das vorgenannte verstärkende Element bei der Herstellung des hybriden Bauteils erfüllen, indem das Element derart gestaltet ist, dass es die Struktur der Fasern in Dickenrichtung als eine Art Distanzstück stützt und somit beim Einbetten der Fasern in das Material ein Zusammenquetschen der Faserstruktur verhindert. Diese Funktion kann auch von einzelnen, lose in den Verbindungsbereich eingebrachten Elementen, die voneinander verschiedene geometrische Formen aufweisen können, wahrgenommen werden.A Another function can be the aforementioned reinforcing element in the production meet the hybrid component, in that the element is designed such that it matches the structure of the Fibers in the thickness direction as a kind of spacer supports and thus when embedding the fibers in the material squeeze the fiber structure together prevented. This feature can also be used by individual, loose in the connection area introduced elements that are different from each other geometric May have shapes, be perceived.
Eine weitere Fortbildungsform sieht vor, dass in das zweite Material im Bereich der Fasern ein drittes Material eingebracht wird, das andere Materialeigenschaften als das zweite Material besitzt. Vorzugsweise ist das dritte Material ein Metall oder eine Metalllegierung mit niedrigerem Schmelzpunkt als das Metall/die Metalllegierung des zweiten Materials. Dadurch wird einerseits die Einbettung der Fasern in das sie umgebende dritte Material unterstützt und andererseits die Verbindung des zweiten Materials mit dem dritten Material sichergestellt.A further training provides that in the second material in the area of the fibers, a third material is introduced, the has different material properties than the second material. Preferably the third material is a metal or a metal alloy with lower melting point than the metal / metal alloy of the second material. As a result, on the one hand the embedding of the fibers supported in the surrounding third material and on the other hand the connection of the second material with the third material ensured.
Eine weitere Fortbildungsform sieht eine Verbindung von mehr als zwei Bauteilen oder Bauteilabschnitten aus gleichen oder unterschiedlichen Materialien zu einem hybriden Bauteil vor, bei dem die Fasern über mindestens eine Verbindungsfläche hinweg durchlaufen. Insbesondere bevorzugt ist die Verbindung von drei oder vier Bauteilen oder Bauteilabschnitten aus gleichen oder unterschiedlichen Materialien zu einem T-förmigen hybriden Bauteil bzw. zu einem kreuzförmigen hybriden Bauteil.A further training sees a connection of more than two Components or component sections of the same or different Materials to a hybrid component, in which the fibers over at least a connection surface go through it. Particularly preferred is the compound of three or four components or component parts from the same or different materials to a T-shaped hybrid component or to a cross-shaped hybrid component.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung ist ein hybrides Bauteil nach Anspruch 12. Dieses Bauteil kann fortgebildet werden nach den Ansprüchen 13 bis 18. Zu den Vorteilen, Ausführungsvarianten und Ausführungsdetails des Bauteils und seiner Fortbildungen wird auf die zuvor beschriebenen, entsprechenden Verfahrensaspekte derjenigen Verfahren und Verfahrensfortbildungen verwiesen, die zur Herstellung der entsprechenden Bauteile speziell fortgebildet und geeignet sind.One Another aspect of the invention is a hybrid component according to claim 12. This component can be trained according to claims 13 to 18. The advantages, design variants and execution details of the component and its training is based on the previously described corresponding procedural aspects of those methods and procedural training specifically directed to the manufacture of the corresponding components trained and suitable.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindungen werden beispielhaft anhand der beiliegenden Figuren beschrieben. Es zeigen:preferred embodiments The inventions will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying figures described. Show it:
Eine
Ausführungsform
des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens
nach
Aus
einem Schmelztiegel
Eine (nicht dargestellte) Variante dieser Ausführungsform ist ein Verfahren, bei dem erste Abschnitte von verstärkenden Fasern zunächst in ein Metallbauteil eingebettet werden und zweite Abschnitte von verstärkenden an einer für die Verbindung mit dem Faserverbundbauteil vorgesehenen Verbindungsfläche herausragen, die dann mit den dafür üblichen Verfahren, wie z. B. Tränken mit polymerem Material und nachfolgendem Aushärten zu einem Faserverbundbauteil verarbeitet werden. Auch in dieser Verfahrensvariante entsteht ein hybrides Bauteil mit durchlaufenden Fasern vom ersten zum zweiten Bauteil.A (not shown) variant of this embodiment is a method at the first sections of reinforcing fibers first in a metal component will be embedded and second sections of reinforcing at one for protrude the connection with the fiber composite component provided connection surface, then with the usual Method, such. B. watering with polymeric material and subsequent curing to a fiber composite component are processed. Also in this process variant arises hybrid component with continuous fibers from the first to the second Component.
In
einer ersten Variante (
In
einer zweiten Variante (
Eine
weitere Ausführungsform
des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens
ist in
Diese Ausführungsform kann grundsätzlich auch spiegelverkehrt ausgebildet sein, d. h. dass ein Metallbauteil in einem Teilbereich durch ein Bauteil aus Faserverbundwerkstoff im Bereich der Verbindungsstelle umschlossen bzw. überlappt wird (nicht dargestellt).These embodiment can in principle also be mirror-inverted, d. H. that a metal component in a subregion through a component made of fiber composite material in Area of the junction is enclosed or overlapped (not shown).
In
In
der Ausführungsform
des erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils
nach
Claims (20)
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Cited By (8)
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WO2010031372A1 (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2010-03-25 | Universität Bremen | Connections between a monolithic metal component and a continuous-fiber reinforced laminate component, and method for the production of the same |
DE102009048709A1 (en) * | 2009-10-08 | 2011-04-14 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Composite component comprises a metal, a fiber composite material and a connection zone, where the material-consistent connection of the metal with the fiber composite material in the connection zone is formed through casting |
DE102010025618A1 (en) | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-05 | Daimler Ag | Connecting arrangement and method for its production |
DE102011014244A1 (en) * | 2011-03-17 | 2012-09-20 | Daimler Ag | Automotive fiber reinforced plastic component used for motor vehicle manufacture, has fiber insert comprising reinforcing and metal fibers, that is selected from group consisting of mat, mesh, fabric, knitted fabric and/or non-woven form |
US20130309435A1 (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-21 | Hexcel Corporation | Over-molding of load-bearing composite structures |
EP3088556A1 (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-02 | Technische Universität Dresden | Carbon fibre metal composite material |
EP3228440A1 (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2017-10-11 | Leister Technologies AG | Metal-plastic composite part |
DE202018104840U1 (en) | 2018-08-22 | 2018-11-09 | Fiber-Tech Products Gmbh | Hybrid composite material |
-
2007
- 2007-05-21 DE DE102007023836A patent/DE102007023836A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2010031372A1 (en) * | 2008-09-16 | 2010-03-25 | Universität Bremen | Connections between a monolithic metal component and a continuous-fiber reinforced laminate component, and method for the production of the same |
US8722201B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2014-05-13 | Patrick Schiebel | Connections between a monolithic metal component and a continuous-fiber reinforced laminate component, and method for production of the same |
DE102009048709A1 (en) * | 2009-10-08 | 2011-04-14 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Composite component comprises a metal, a fiber composite material and a connection zone, where the material-consistent connection of the metal with the fiber composite material in the connection zone is formed through casting |
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US20130309435A1 (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-11-21 | Hexcel Corporation | Over-molding of load-bearing composite structures |
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EP3088556A1 (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-02 | Technische Universität Dresden | Carbon fibre metal composite material |
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DE202018104840U1 (en) | 2018-08-22 | 2018-11-09 | Fiber-Tech Products Gmbh | Hybrid composite material |
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