DE102006006379B4 - Use of a device for uniform distribution of substances - Google Patents
Use of a device for uniform distribution of substances Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102006006379B4 DE102006006379B4 DE200610006379 DE102006006379A DE102006006379B4 DE 102006006379 B4 DE102006006379 B4 DE 102006006379B4 DE 200610006379 DE200610006379 DE 200610006379 DE 102006006379 A DE102006006379 A DE 102006006379A DE 102006006379 B4 DE102006006379 B4 DE 102006006379B4
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- substances
- fluidized bed
- distribution
- hollow body
- involute
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D251/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
- C07D251/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D251/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D251/40—Nitrogen atoms
- C07D251/54—Three nitrogen atoms
- C07D251/56—Preparation of melamine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
- B01J8/44—Fluidisation grids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/24—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by ammoxidation of hydrocarbons or substituted hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D307/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/60—Two oxygen atoms, e.g. succinic anhydride
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Verwendung einer Vorrichtung, bestehend aus über einen zentralen Hohlkörper miteinander verbundenen Hohlkörpern, deren Mittellinien die Form einer Evolvente beschreiben, zur gleichmäßigen Verteilung von flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Stoffen oder Stoffgemischen in einem Wirbelbettreaktor.Use of a device consisting of interconnected via a central hollow body hollow bodies whose center lines describe the shape of an involute, for the uniform distribution of liquid and / or gaseous substances or mixtures in a fluidized bed reactor.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung einer Vorrichtung, bestehend aus über einen zentralen Hohlkörper miteinander verbundenen Hohlkörpern, deren Mittellinie die Form einer Evolvente beschreiben, zur gleichmäßigen Verteilung von flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Stoffen oder Stoffgemischen.The The invention relates to the use of a device consisting of a central hollow body interconnected hollow bodies whose Center line describe the shape of an involute, for even distribution of liquid and / or gaseous Substances or mixtures of substances.
Das Erfordernis einer gleichmäßigen Aufgabe von Stoffen mit verschiedenen Aggregatzuständen in andern Stoffen ist in der Technik eine häufige Aufgabenstellung. Insbesondere bei Mehrphasen-Oxidationsreaktionen im Wirbelbett ist eine möglichst gleichmäßige Verteilung des zu oxidierenden Stoffes im Reduktionsgas von größter Wichtigkeit. Eine inhomogene Verteilung führt in Wirbelbettreaktoren zu örtlichen Über- bzw. Unteroxidationsreaktionen, was niedrigere Ausbeuten zur Folge hat. Im Extremfall können diese Inhomogenitäten des Reaktionsgases zu lokalen Überhitzungen bis hin zu Explosionen im Reaktor führen.The Requirement of a uniform task of substances with different states of aggregation in other substances in the art a common task. Especially in multiphase oxidation reactions in the fluidized bed is one possible even distribution Of the substance to be oxidized in the reducing gas of the utmost importance. A inhomogeneous distribution leads in fluidized bed reactors to local over or Suboxidation reactions, resulting in lower yields. In extreme cases can these inhomogeneities of the reaction gas to local overheating leading to explosions in the reactor.
Beispielhaft für Mehrphasen-Oxidationsreaktionen im Wirbelbett seien hier die Herstellung von Acrylnitril und Maleinsäureanhydrid genannt. In beiden Fällen dient Luft als Reaktionsgas. Die aufgegebene Luft erzeugt zusammen mit dem im Reaktor befindlichen Katalysator ein Wirbelbett. In diese Wirbelbett werden die zu oxidierenden Stoffe mit Hilfe von Verteilern aufgegeben. Im falle von Acrylnitril sind dies Propylen und/oder Propan und Ammoniak, bei der Herstellung von Maleinsäureanhydrid ist es Butan.exemplary for multiphase oxidation reactions in the fluidized bed here are the production of acrylonitrile and maleic anhydride called. In both cases Air serves as a reaction gas. The abandoned air creates together with the catalyst in the reactor, a fluidized bed. In these Fluidized bed are the substances to be oxidized by means of distributors given up. In the case of acrylonitrile, these are propylene and / or Propane and ammonia, in the production of maleic anhydride it is butane.
Ebenfalls in einem Wirbelbett erfolgt die Umsetzung von Harnstoff zu Melamin. Auch hier wir mit Hilfe eines Gases und eines Katalysators in einem Reaktor ein Wirbelbett erzeugt, in das der flüssige Harnstoff eingedüst wird. Anders als bei den beschriebenen Verfahren zur Herstellung von Acrylnitril und Maleinsäureanhydrid wird der Harnstoff nicht mit Luft oxidiert, sondern er reagiert mit Hilfe des Katalysators zu Isocyansäure und Ammoniak. In einem zweiten Schritt reagiert die gebildete Isocyansäure zu Melamin und Kohlendioxid. Eine unzureichende Verteilung führt in diesem System ebenfalls zu geringeren Ausbeuten.Also In a fluidized bed, the conversion of urea to melamine takes place. Again, we with the help of a gas and a catalyst in a reactor generates a fluidized bed, in which the liquid urea is injected. Unlike the described method for the production of acrylonitrile and maleic anhydride The urea is not oxidized with air, but it reacts with the help of the catalyst to isocyanic acid and ammonia. In a second Step, the formed isocyanic acid reacts to melamine and carbon dioxide. An insufficient distribution leads in this system also to lower yields.
Zur Verteilung von gasförmigen und flüssigen Stoffen in andern gasförmigen, flüssigen oder festen Stoffen, sind dem Fachmann eine Vielzahl von Vorrichtungen bekannt.to Distribution of gaseous and liquid Substances in other gaseous, liquid or solids, are the skilled person a variety of devices known.
In
der Veröffentlichung „Fluidization
Engineering”,
Second Edition von Daizo Kunii und Octave Levenspiel aus dem Jahre
1991 ist auf Seite 98 in Bild 4 eine typische Vorrichtung zur Verteilung
eines Gases in einem Wirbelbettreaktor dargestellt. Von einem Zentralrohr
gehen mehrere Rohre, die mit Austrittsöffnungen für das zu verteilende Gas versehen sind,
horizontal in beide Richtungen ab. Dabei besitzen die abgehenden
Rohre unterschiedliche Längen, um
eine möglichst
gleichmäßige Verteilung über den zylindrischen
Querschnitt des Wirbelbettreaktors zu erreichen. Ein derartiger
Verteiler ist in
Ein
weiterer gebräuchlicher
Verteilertyp ist schematisch in
Aus
der
Gegenstand
der
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung zur gleichmäßigen Verteilung von flüssigen und/oder gasförmigen Stoffen oder Stoffgemischen in einem Wirbelbettreaktor bereitzustellen.task It is the object of the present invention to provide a device for uniform distribution of liquid and / or gaseous To provide substances or mixtures in a fluidized bed reactor.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die Verwendung einer Vorrichtung gelöst, die aus mehreren mit Austrittsöffnungen versehenen, über einen zentralen Hohlkörper miteinander verbundenen Hohlkörpern, deren Mittellinien die Form einer Evolvente beschreiben, besteht.According to the invention this Task solved by the use of a device that from several with outlet openings provided over one central hollow body interconnected hollow bodies, whose centerlines describe the shape of an involute.
Vorzugsweise wird diese Vorrichtung für einen Wirbelbettreaktor verwendet, in dem Acrylnitril, Maleinsäureanhydrit oder Melamin hergestellt wird.Preferably This device is for uses a fluidized bed reactor in which acrylonitrile, maleic anhydrite or melamine is produced.
Mathematisch
kann die Kreisevolvente durch folgende bekannte Gleichung beschrieben
werden:
Dabei bedeuten:
- S
- = Bogenlänge der Evolvente;
- x
- = Drehwinkel im Bogenmaß;
- r
- = Radius der Evolvente.
- S
- = Arc length of the involute;
- x
- = Rotation angle in radians;
- r
- = Radius of the involute.
Der besondere Vorteil der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt darin, dass die von dem zentralen Hohlkörper ausgehenden Verteilerhohlkörper, deren Mittellinien die Form einer Evolvente beschreiben, die gleiche Länge und untereinander den gleichen Abstand besitzen. Die gleiche Länge der Verteiler führt dazu, dass der Druckverlust in allen Hohlkörpern beim Durchströmen eines Stoffes annähernd gleich ist. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, dass der zu verteilende Stoff vom Zentralhohlkörper auf alle Verteilerhohlkörper gleichmäßig verteilt wird. Der gleichbleibende Abstand der Verteilerhohlkörper ermöglicht dann wiederum eine gleichmäßige Verteilung des Stoffes über die gesamte Querschnittsfläche eines zylindrischen Behälters.Of the particular advantage of the present invention is that the from the central hollow body outgoing manifold hollow body, whose centerlines describe the shape of an involute, the same Length and have the same distance from each other. The same length of Distributor causes that the pressure loss in all hollow bodies when flowing through a Approximate substance is equal to. This ensures that the substance to be distributed is evenly distributed from the central hollow body to all distribution hollow bodies becomes. The constant distance of the distributor hollow body then allows again a uniform distribution of the substance over the entire cross-sectional area a cylindrical container.
Vorzugsweise werden Rohre sowohl für den zentralen Hohlkörper als auch für die Verteilerhohlkörper verwendet.Preferably be tubes for both the central hollow body as well as for the distribution hollow body used.
In
- 11
- Apparaturapparatus
- 22
- Zentralrohrcentral tube
- 33
- Verteilerrohremanifolds
- 44
- Austrittsöffnungenoutlet openings
- 55
- Zentraler Hohlkörpercentral hollow body
- 66
- Hohlkörperhollow body
- 77
- Unterstützungsupport
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200610006379 DE102006006379B4 (en) | 2006-02-11 | 2006-02-11 | Use of a device for uniform distribution of substances |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200610006379 DE102006006379B4 (en) | 2006-02-11 | 2006-02-11 | Use of a device for uniform distribution of substances |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102006006379A1 DE102006006379A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
DE102006006379B4 true DE102006006379B4 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
Family
ID=38319598
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE200610006379 Active DE102006006379B4 (en) | 2006-02-11 | 2006-02-11 | Use of a device for uniform distribution of substances |
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DE (1) | DE102006006379B4 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009051584A1 (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2011-05-05 | Hüttlin, Herbert, Dr. h.c. | Device for treating particulate material with a double-flow bottom |
WO2021121557A1 (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-24 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Fluidized-bed reactor for the control of the dwell time distribution in continuously operated fluidized beds |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0484534A1 (en) * | 1990-05-22 | 1992-05-13 | ASTANOVSKY, Lev Zalmanovich | Apparatus for carrying out a catalytic process in a fluidized bed |
DE19908590C1 (en) * | 1999-02-27 | 2000-03-02 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Catalytic reactor for the production of methyl alcohol has internal pipe arrangement enhancing process yield and allowing pipe flexing |
-
2006
- 2006-02-11 DE DE200610006379 patent/DE102006006379B4/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0484534A1 (en) * | 1990-05-22 | 1992-05-13 | ASTANOVSKY, Lev Zalmanovich | Apparatus for carrying out a catalytic process in a fluidized bed |
DE19908590C1 (en) * | 1999-02-27 | 2000-03-02 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Catalytic reactor for the production of methyl alcohol has internal pipe arrangement enhancing process yield and allowing pipe flexing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102006006379A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
8127 | New person/name/address of the applicant |
Owner name: LURGI GMBH, 60439 FRANKFURT, DE |
|
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
R081 | Change of applicant/patentee |
Owner name: AIR LIQUIDE GLOBAL E&C SOLUTIONS GERMANY GMBH, DE Effective date: 20140505 Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LURGI GMBH, 60439 FRANKFURT, DE |