DE102005000621A1 - Operating engines with controlled valve timing and exhaust gas retention, shuts exhaust valve during exhaust gas ejection phase, before top dead center is reached - Google Patents
Operating engines with controlled valve timing and exhaust gas retention, shuts exhaust valve during exhaust gas ejection phase, before top dead center is reached Download PDFInfo
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- DE102005000621A1 DE102005000621A1 DE102005000621A DE102005000621A DE102005000621A1 DE 102005000621 A1 DE102005000621 A1 DE 102005000621A1 DE 102005000621 A DE102005000621 A DE 102005000621A DE 102005000621 A DE102005000621 A DE 102005000621A DE 102005000621 A1 DE102005000621 A1 DE 102005000621A1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0203—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves
- F02D13/0207—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing valve lift or valve lift and timing
- F02D13/0211—Variable control of intake and exhaust valves changing valve lift or valve lift and timing the change of valve timing is caused by the change in valve lift, i.e. both valve lift and timing are functionally related
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
- F01L9/11—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic in which the action of a cam is being transmitted to a valve by a liquid column
- F01L9/12—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic in which the action of a cam is being transmitted to a valve by a liquid column with a liquid chamber between a piston actuated by a cam and a piston acting on a valve stem
- F01L9/14—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic in which the action of a cam is being transmitted to a valve by a liquid column with a liquid chamber between a piston actuated by a cam and a piston acting on a valve stem the volume of the chamber being variable, e.g. for varying the lift or the timing of a valve
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
- F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
- F02D13/0261—Controlling the valve overlap
- F02D13/0265—Negative valve overlap for temporarily storing residual gas in the cylinder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/006—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] using internal EGR
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/01—Internal exhaust gas recirculation, i.e. wherein the residual exhaust gases are trapped in the cylinder or pushed back from the intake or the exhaust manifold into the combustion chamber without the use of additional passages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
- F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
- F01L2001/34446—Fluid accumulators for the feeding circuit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2800/00—Methods of operation using a variable valve timing mechanism
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
- F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
- F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft zunächst ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine, bei dem mindestens ein Einlassventil und/oder mindestens ein Auslassventil eines Zylinders mindestens teilvariabel angesteuert werden können beziehungsweise kann, und bei dem während des Kompressionstaktes im Brennraum eine Menge an Restgas eines vorhergehenden Arbeitsspiels vorhanden sein kann (Abgasrückführung). Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Computerprogramm, ein elektrisches Speichermedium für eine Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung einer Brennkraftmaschine, sowie eine Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine.The Invention relates first a method for operating an internal combustion engine, wherein at least an intake valve and / or at least one exhaust valve of a cylinder at least partially variable can be controlled or can, and during that the compression stroke in the combustion chamber a lot of residual gas one previous working cycle can be present (exhaust gas recirculation). The invention further relates to a computer program, an electrical Storage medium for a control and / or regulating device of an internal combustion engine, and a control and / or regulating device for an internal combustion engine.
Aus
der
Eine solche Ventilüberschneidung zur Realisierung einer internen Abgasrückführung ist jedoch bei Diesel-Brennkraftmaschinen nicht möglich. Aufgrund der starken Kompression nähert sich der Kolben eines Zylinders im oberen Totpunkt den Ein- und Auslassventilen ("Gaswechselventile") derart an, dass eine Ventilüberschneidung unweigerlich zu einer Kollision der Gaswechselventile mit dem Kolben führen würde. Daher wird bei Diesel-Brennkraftmaschinen die zur Reduzierung der Stickoxidemissionen wünschenswerte Abgasrückführung als externes System realisiert. Bei diesem wird im Abgastrakt Abgas abgeleitet und über eine Leitung und ein Ventil dem Ansaugtrakt der Brennkraftmaschine zugeführt. Problematisch bei einer solchen externen Abgasrückführung ist jedoch die exakte Zumessung der optimalen Abgasrückführrate sowohl im dynamischen Motorbetrieb bei stark wechselnden Drehzahlen als auch in einem Betrieb mit stark veränderlichen Lasten. Schwierig ist dabei vor allem die infolge dynamischer Vorgänge im Ansaugtrakt vorhandene Ungleichverteilung der Abgasmenge in den Zylindern und das vergleichsweise große mit Abgas kontaminierte Volumen stromaufwärts von den Zylindern.A such valve overlap to realize an internal exhaust gas recirculation is however in diesel internal combustion engines not possible. Due to the strong compression, the piston approaches a Cylinder at top dead center to the inlet and outlet valves ("gas exchange valves") such that a valve overlap inevitably would lead to a collision of the gas exchange valves with the piston. Therefore is used in diesel internal combustion engines to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions desirable Exhaust gas recirculation as implemented external system. In this exhaust gas is in the exhaust system derived and over a line and a valve the intake tract of the internal combustion engine fed. Problematic However, with such an external exhaust gas recirculation is the exact Metering the optimal exhaust gas recirculation rate both in dynamic engine operation at rapidly changing speeds as well in a company with highly variable Loads. Difficult is mainly due to dynamic processes in the intake system existing unequal distribution of the amount of exhaust gas in the cylinders and the comparatively large one waste gas contaminated volumes upstream of the cylinders.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art so weiterzubilden, dass auch bei plötzlichen Änderungen der Last ein optimales Emissionsverhalten erzielt werden kann.task The present invention is a method of the aforementioned Refine the type so that even with sudden changes in the load an optimal Emission behavior can be achieved.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass die Restgasmenge von der gewünschten Last und/oder Drehzahl abhängt und dadurch zyklusaufgelöst bereitgestellt wird, dass das Auslassventil noch während des Ausschiebetakts vor dem oberen Totpunkt des diesem Zylinder zugeordneten Kolbens schließt.These Task is characterized by a method of the type mentioned by solved, that the residual gas amount of the desired load and / or speed depends and thereby cycle-resolved is provided that the exhaust valve still during the Ausschiebetakts before the top dead center of this cylinder assigned Piston closes.
Eine alternative Lösung besteht darin, dass die Restgasmenge von der gewünschten Last und/oder Drehzahl abhängt und dadurch zyklusaufgelöst bereitgestellt wird, dass nach Beginn eines Ausschiebetaktes das Einlassventil öffnet und vor dem Ende des Ausschiebetaktes wider schließt und/oder das Auslassventil nach Beginn des Ansaugtaktes öffnet.A alternative solution is that the amount of residual gas from the desired load and / or speed depends and thereby cycle-resolved is provided that after the start of a Ausschiebetaktes Inlet valve opens and closes before the end of Ausschiebetaktes and / or the exhaust valve opens after the start of the intake stroke.
Bei einem Computerprogramm, einem elektrischen Speichermedium, und einer Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art wird die gestellte Aufgabe entsprechend gelöst.at a computer program, an electrical storage medium, and a Control and / or regulating device of the type mentioned is the task is solved accordingly.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of invention
Bei Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens kann bereits im ersten Verbrennungszyklus nach einer Änderung einer Soll-Last, beispielsweise einem Beschleunigungswunsch, die Abgasrückführung ganz weggeschaltet oder auf eine ganz bestimmte Wunschrate eingestellt werden. Somit ist es möglich, den Sauerstoffanteil im Brennraum schlagartig zu erhöhen, so dass dann auch mehr Kraftstoff eingespritzt werden und sofort ein höheres Drehmoment erzeugt werden kann. Dabei wird ein kurzzeitiger Sauerstoffmangel verhindert oder zumindest reduziert, was wiederum das Emissionsverhalten verbessert, insbesondere den Rußanteil im Abgas senkt.at Application of the method according to the invention can already in the first combustion cycle after a change a target load, such as an acceleration request, the Exhaust gas recirculation completely switched off or set to a specific request rate become. Thus, it is possible to suddenly increase the oxygen content in the combustion chamber, so that then more fuel will be injected and immediately higher torque can be generated. This is a short-term lack of oxygen prevents or at least reduces, which in turn reduces emissions improves, in particular the soot content lowers in the exhaust.
Umgekehrt kann dann, wenn der Benutzer der Brennkraftmaschine, beispielsweise der Fahrer eines Kraftfahrzeugs, den Leistungswunsch beziehungsweise die Last der Brennkraftmaschine plötzlich reduziert, sofort, also von einem Arbeitszyklus zum anderen, die Menge des eingespritzten Kraftstoffes und entsprechend auch jene des im Brennraum vorhandenen Sauerstoffs reduziert werden, indem die Menge des im Brennraum vorhandenen Restgases durch eine Erhöhung der Abgasrückführrate erhöht wird. Ungewollt hohe Stickoxidemissionen durch einen ungenügenden Restgasanteil im Brennraum werden hierdurch vermieden.Vice versa can then if the user of the internal combustion engine, for example the driver of a motor vehicle, the desired performance or the load of the engine suddenly reduced, immediately, so from one work cycle to another, the amount of injected Fuel and, accordingly, those of the existing in the combustion chamber Oxygen can be reduced by the amount of residual gas present in the combustion chamber by an increase the exhaust gas recirculation rate is increased. Unintentionally high nitrogen oxide emissions due to insufficient residual gas content in the combustion chamber are thereby avoided.
Dabei können die besagten Vorteile erzielt werden, ohne dass eine Ventilüberschneidung und die damit verbundene Kollisionsgefahr eines Ventilelements eines Einlassbeziehungsweise Auslassventils mit dem dem Zylinder zugeordneten Kolben besteht. Dies wird dadurch realisiert, dass das Auslassventil noch während des Ausschiebetakts vor dem oberen Totpunkt des diesem Zylinder zugeordneten Kolbens schließt, was zu einer Restgaskompression im oberen Totpunkt des diesem Zylinder zugeordneten Kolbens führt.The said advantages can be achieved without a valve overlap and the associated danger of collision of a valve element of an intake or exhaust valve with the piston associated with the cylinder. This is realized in that the exhaust valve during the Ausschiebetakts before the top dead center of the piston associated with this cylinder closes, resulting in a residual gas compression at top dead center of the piston associated with this cylinder.
Wenn, wie bei einer Weiterbildung vorgeschlagen wird, zusätzlich das Einlassventil erst nach Beginn des Ansaugtaktes öffnet, wird ein besonders günstiger Wirkungsgrad im Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine erreicht.If, as proposed in a further training, in addition to the Inlet valve opens only after the beginning of the intake stroke, a particularly favorable Efficiency in the operation of the internal combustion engine achieved.
Alternativ kann eine von der Wunschlast abhängige Abgasrückführrate zyklusaufgelöst und ohne Kollisionsrisiko zwischen Gaswechselventilen und Kolben bereitgestellt werden, indem nach Beginn eines Ausschiebetaktes das Einlassventil öffnet und vor dem Ende des Ausschiebetaktes wieder schließt und/oder das Auslassventil nach Beginn des Ansaugtaktes öffnet. Im ersten Fall wird während des Ausschiebetaktes Abgas in den unmittelbar vor dem Einlassventil liegenden Ansaugtrakt geschoben und dort bis zum nachfolgenden Ansaugtakt vorgelagert. Bei der zweiten Alternative wird während des Ansaugtaktes Abbeziehungsweise Restgas aus dem Abgastrakt der Brennkraftmaschine zurück in den entsprechenden Brennraum gesaugt.alternative can be one dependent on the desired load Exhaust gas recirculation rate cycle-resolved and without Collision risk between gas exchange valves and pistons provided by opening the inlet valve after starting a Ausschiebetaktes and closes again before the end of Ausschiebetaktes and / or the exhaust valve after the start of the intake stroke opens. In the first case will be during the Ausschiebetaktes exhaust gas in the immediately before the intake valve pushed upstream intake and there until the subsequent intake stroke upstream. In the second alternative, Abbeziehungsweise during the intake stroke Residual gas from the exhaust tract of the internal combustion engine back into the corresponding Suctioned combustion chamber.
Dabei wird der Wirkungsgrad nochmals deutlich verbessert, wenn während des Ausschiebetaktes und/oder während des Ansaugtaktes, nicht jedoch im Bereich des oberen Totpunkts des diesem Zylinder zugeordneten Kolbens zwischen Ausschiebetakt und Ansaugtakt, das Einlassventil und das Auslassventil zeitweise gleichzeitig geöffnet sind.there the efficiency is again significantly improved when during the Ausschiebetaktes and / or during the intake stroke, but not in the region of top dead center of this cylinder associated piston between Ausschiebetakt and Suction stroke, intake valve and exhaust valve temporarily at the same time open are.
Eine hohe Sicherheit gegen Kollisionen von Gaswechselventilen mit einem Kolben wird erreicht, indem das Einlassventil und/oder das Auslassventil nach dem "Lost-motion-Prinzip" arbeiten beziehungsweise arbeitet. Bei diesem Antriebsprinzip des Ventilelements eines Gaswechselventils ist zwischen Nocken und dem eigentlichen Ventilelement ein Hydraulikraum geschaltet, der durch ein Ventil geschlossen oder geöffnet werden kann. In geschlossenem Zustand ist das Volumen des Hydraulikraums im Wesentlichen starr, so dass die Nockenbewegung direkt auf das Ventilelement des Gaswechselventils übertragen wird. Sind das Ventil und hierdurch auch das Hydraulikvolumen dagegen geöffnet, wird beziehungsweise bleibt das Ventilelement des Gaswechselventils durch eine Feder unabhängig von der Stellung des Nockens geschlossen.A high security against collisions of gas exchange valves with a Piston is reached by the inlet valve and / or the outlet valve after work on the "lost-motion principle" respectively is working. In this drive principle of the valve element of a gas exchange valve is between the cam and the actual valve element, a hydraulic chamber switched, which are closed or opened by a valve can. When closed, the volume of the hydraulic space is essentially rigid, allowing the cam movement directly on the Valve element of the gas exchange valve is transmitted. Are the valve and thereby also the hydraulic volume is opened, is or the valve element of the gas exchange valve remains through a spring independent closed by the position of the cam.
Wenn Einlassventil und Auslassventil gleichzeitig geöffnet sein sollen, wie dies weiter oben in einer Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens vorgeschlagen wurde, kann dies bei Anwendung des Lost-motion-Prinzips dadurch realisiert werden, dass zur Ansteuerung des Einlassventils und/oder des Auslassventils ein Nocken mit einer Mehrzahl von Teilnocken verwendet wird. Diese Teilnocken gestatten ein mehrfaches Öffnen und Schließen des Einlass- und/oder Auslassventils innerhalb eines Arbeitszyklus.If Inlet valve and exhaust valve should be open at the same time as this above in a further development of the method according to the invention This has been suggested when using the lost-motion principle be realized that for controlling the intake valve and / or the exhaust valve is a cam with a plurality of partial cams is used. These partial cams allow multiple opening and closing Shut down of the intake and / or exhaust valve within a work cycle.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist das erfindungsgemaße Verfahren dann, wenn die Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Dieselprinzip arbeitet. In diesem Fall ist der Spalt zwischen Kolben und den Ventilelementen von Einlass- und Auslassventil dann, wenn sich der Kolben im oberen Totpunkt befindet, besonders klein (gegebenenfalls im Bereich von wenigen zehntel Millimetern). Bei einer solchen Brennkraftmaschine kann dennoch durch die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen eine interne Abgasrückführung realisiert werden, ohne dass Kollisionsprobleme zwischen den Ventilen und dem Kolben existieren.Especially the inventive method is advantageous if the Internal combustion engine operates on the diesel principle. In this case is the gap between the piston and the valve elements of inlet and exhaust valve when the piston is at top dead center is, especially small (possibly in the range of a few tenths of a millimeter). In such an internal combustion engine can nevertheless by the measures according to the invention an internal exhaust gas recirculation can be realized without any collision problems between the valves and the piston exist.
Die Restgasmenge, also die Abgasrückführrate, kann zusätzlich auch von der Betriebsart abhängen, in der die Brennkraftmaschine betrieben wird. Derartige Betriebsarten können beispielsweise unterschiedliche Verteilungen des Kraftstoffs im Brennraum umfassen. So ist beispielsweise ein Schichtbetrieb, ein Homogenbetrieb, ein gemischter Homogen-Schichtbetrieb, etc. denkbar. Derartige Betriebsartenwechsel erfolgen von einem Arbeitszyklus zum anderen und erfordern, wenn minimale Stickoxid- und Rußemissionen gewünscht sind, eine sofortige Anpassung der Restgasmenge an das verwendete Gemischaufbereitungsverfahren. Dies wird durch die vorliegende Erfindung ermöglicht.The Residual gas quantity, ie the exhaust gas recirculation rate, can additionally also depend on the mode of operation, in which the internal combustion engine is operated. Such modes can For example, different distributions of the fuel in the Include combustion chamber. For example, a shift operation, a Homogenous operation, a mixed homogeneous-shift operation, etc. conceivable. Such mode changes are made by a duty cycle to the other and require, if minimum nitrogen oxide and soot emissions required are an immediate adjustment of the amount of residual gas to the mixture preparation process used. This is made possible by the present invention.
Das Emissionsverhalten der Brennkraftmaschine wird nochmals verbessert, wenn die Restgasmenge für jeden Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine individuell bereitgestellt wird. Eine derartige exakte Zumessung des rückgeführten Abgases ist für jeden Zylinder wichtig, da geringste Veränderungen der Abgasrückführrate zu signifikanten Änderungen des Emissions- und auch des Geräuschverhaltens der Brennkraftmaschine führen können.The Emission behavior of the internal combustion engine is further improved, if the residual gas quantity for each cylinder of the internal combustion engine provided individually becomes. Such an exact metering of the recirculated exhaust gas is for everyone Cylinder important, since slightest changes in the exhaust gas recirculation rate too significant changes the emission and the noise behavior lead the internal combustion engine can.
Zeichnungendrawings
Nachfolgend werden besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der vorliegenden Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegende Zeichnung näher erläutert.following become particularly preferred embodiments the present invention with reference to the accompanying Drawing closer explained.
In der Zeichnung zeigen:In show the drawing:
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments
In
Die
Brennkraftmaschine
Stromaufwärts von
den Einlassventilen
Der
Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine
Dem
Zylinder
Am
vom Ventilelement
Der
Hyraulikraum
Parallel
zum Schaltventil
Mittels
der in
Wenn sich der Nocken
When the cam
Wird
nun das Schaltventil
Ein
weiterer mit der in
In
Entsprechende
Kurven sind in
Dabei
versteht sich, dass die Kurven gemäß
Wenn
von der Steuer- und Regeleinrichtung
Hierzu
werden entsprechend dem in
Alternativ
oder zusätzlich
hierzu kann auch entsprechend
Eine
nochmals andere Möglichkeit
für die
zyklusaufgelöste
und last- beziehungsweise betriebsartenabhängige interne Abgasrückführung ist
in
Die
in den
Die
vorgenannten Realisierungsmöglichkeiten
einer internen Abgasrückführung mittels
teilvariabler Ventilsteuerung gestatten eine Einstellung der internen
Abgasrückführrate hochdynamisch,
zyklusaufgelöst
und zylinderindividuell. Hierdurch wird zum einen ein besonders
gutes Ansprechverhalten der Brennkraftmaschine
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (1)
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DE102005000621A DE102005000621A1 (en) | 2005-01-03 | 2005-01-03 | Operating engines with controlled valve timing and exhaust gas retention, shuts exhaust valve during exhaust gas ejection phase, before top dead center is reached |
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DE102007047582A1 (en) * | 2007-10-04 | 2009-04-09 | Hydraulik-Ring Gmbh | Device for controlling the residual gas content of cylinders of an internal combustion engine |
DE102007048300A1 (en) * | 2007-10-08 | 2009-04-09 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Rotary slide valve for use in exhaust gas recirculation system, has valve body formed as hollow cylindrical body that is rotatably supported about longitudinal axis and provided with front-sided inlet port and peripheral-sided outlet port |
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US20170101903A1 (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2017-04-13 | C.R.F. Società Consortile Per Azioni | System and method for variable actuation of a valve of an internal-combustion engine, with a device for dampening pressure oscillations |
US10156163B2 (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2018-12-18 | C.R.F. Societa Consortile Per Azioni | System and method for variable actuation of a valve of an internal-combustion engine, with a device for dampening pressure oscillations |
EP3181842A1 (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2017-06-21 | C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni | System and method for variable actuation of a valve of an internal combustion engine, with an electrically operated control valve having an improved control |
US10151221B2 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2018-12-11 | C.R.F. Societa Consortile Per Azioni | System and method for variable actuation of a valve of an internalcombustion engine, with an electrically operated control valve having an improved control |
DE102017205034A1 (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-27 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Method for operating an internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine |
US10947906B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2021-03-16 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Method for operating an internal combustion engine, and internal combustion engine |
DE102017205034B4 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2021-12-02 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Method for operating an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine |
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