DE102004053222B3 - Liquid, its use for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel, and a process for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel - Google Patents
Liquid, its use for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel, and a process for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- DE102004053222B3 DE102004053222B3 DE102004053222A DE102004053222A DE102004053222B3 DE 102004053222 B3 DE102004053222 B3 DE 102004053222B3 DE 102004053222 A DE102004053222 A DE 102004053222A DE 102004053222 A DE102004053222 A DE 102004053222A DE 102004053222 B3 DE102004053222 B3 DE 102004053222B3
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 64
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 29
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000007835 Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FXSVYLHRUWAOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N SC1=CC=CC=2NN=NC21.[Na] Chemical class SC1=CC=CC=2NN=NC21.[Na] FXSVYLHRUWAOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001565 benzotriazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O LYRFLYHAGKPMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical class [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241001417941 Hexagrammidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- IXAZNYYEGLSHOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoethanol;phosphoric acid Chemical compound NCCO.OP(O)(O)=O IXAZNYYEGLSHOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCAYXDKNUSEQRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoethoxyboronic acid Chemical compound NCCOB(O)O JCAYXDKNUSEQRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000303965 Cyamopsis psoralioides Species 0.000 description 1
- FPVVYTCTZKCSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol distearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FPVVYTCTZKCSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L Ferrous fumarate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O PMVSDNDAUGGCCE-TYYBGVCCSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- LXXDUCAGSSICDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);phosphite Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])[O-] LXXDUCAGSSICDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/042—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling using a particular milling fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Flüssigkeit, deren Verwendung zur Aufbereitung von Pulvermischungen auf Eisen- oder Edelstahlbasis sowie ein Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Pulvermischungen auf Eisen- oder Edelstahlbasis.The Invention relates to a liquid, their use for the preparation of powder mixtures on iron or stainless steel base and a process for the preparation of powder mixtures on iron or stainless steel basis.
In der Pulvermetallurgie werden Metall- und insbesondere auf Eisen oder Edelstahl basierende Pulvermischungen verwendet, um hieraus hoch beanspruchbare Teile herzustellen.In Powder metallurgy is metal and especially iron or stainless steel based powder blends used to make this produce highly stressable parts.
Hierzu werden zunächst geeignete Eisen- und Edelstahlpulver-Mischungen aufbereitet, zu einem Formteil gepresst und das dabei entstehende Formteil (der Grünling) zum fertigen Teil gesintert.For this be first suitable iron and stainless steel powder mixtures prepared, too pressed a molding and the resulting molding (the Greenfinch) sintered to the finished part.
Aus
Pulvermischungen auf Eisen- oder Edelstahlbasis für die Pulvermetallurgie sind regelmäßig zusammengesetzt aus einem Eisenpulver, einem Legierungspulver, wie beispielsweise einem Kupfer-, Graphit- oder Eisenphosphitpulver sowie einem weiteren Stoff, der als Presshilfsmittel wirkt.powder mixtures on iron or stainless steel base for The powder metallurgy are regularly composed of one Iron powder, an alloy powder, such as a copper, graphite or iron phosphite powder and another substance which is used as a pressing aid acts.
Für den als Presshilfsmittel wirkenden Stoff werden üblicherweise Wachse oder Stearate, beispielsweise Zink-, Aluminium-, Blei- oder insbesondere Ethylen-bis-stearat (EBS) eingesetzt.For the as Auxiliary agent is usually waxes or stearates, For example, zinc, aluminum, lead or in particular ethylene bis-stearate (EBS) used.
Pulvermischungen der vorgenannten Art neigen dazu, sich wieder zu entmischen. Am Ende des Aufbereitungsprozesses beziehungsweise des Mischvorgangs liegt dadurch regelmäßig keine optimal homogene Pulvermischung vor. Die aus entsprechend inhomogenen Pulvermischungen hergestellten Formkörper weisen häufig mangelhafte Eigenschaften auf.powder mixtures of the aforementioned type tend to separate again. At the End of the treatment process or mixing process is therefore not regularly optimally homogeneous powder mixture. The corresponding from inhomogeneous Powder mixtures produced moldings often have poor Properties on.
Problematisch ist weiterhin, dass die Pulvermischungen, die wie vorstehend aufbereitet worden sind, nur eine mangelnde Grünfestigkeit aufweisen. Die Formgebung und anschließende Formerhaltung der Grünlinge ist dadurch sehr kompliziert. Die mangelnde Grünfestigkeit kann schließlich auch zu mangelhaften Eigenschaften des hieraus gesinterten Formkörpers führen.Problematic is further that the powder mixtures, which prepared as above have only a lack of green strength. The Shaping and subsequent Form preservation of the greenlings This is very complicated. The lack of green strength can finally lead to defective properties of the resulting sintered molding.
Schließlich neigen die wie vorstehend aufbereiteten Pulvermischungen dazu, zu „stauben", da der Feinstkornanteil nicht ausreichend in die Pulvermischung eingebunden ist.Finally, tend the powder mixtures prepared as above to "dust", since the Feinstkornanteil is not sufficiently involved in the powder mixture.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Weg aufzuzeigen, wie Pulvermischungen auf Eisen- und/oder Edelstahlbasis aufbereitet werden können, ohne dass die vorstehend beschriebenen Nachteile auftreten.Of the Invention is based on the object to show a way how Powder mixtures prepared on iron and / or stainless steel basis can be without the disadvantages described above occur.
Erfindungsgemäß gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die zur Verfügungstellung einer Flüssigkeit zur Aufbereitung von Pulvermischungen auf Eisen- oder Edelstahlbasis, die
- – Wasser,
- – Inhibitor,
- - Stabilisator und
- - gegebenenfalls weitere Stoffe
- - Water,
- - inhibitor,
- - stabilizer and
- - if applicable, other substances
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass die oben beschriebenen Nachteile bei der Aufbereitung von Pulvermischungen auf Eisen- oder Edelstahlbasis verhindert werden können, wenn die Pulvermischungen nicht – wie bisher – trocken, sondern in der anmeldungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit aufbereitet also insbesondere hierin gemischt werden.Of the The invention is based on the finding that the above described Disadvantages in the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel can be prevented if the powder mixtures are not - as before - dry, but in the application according to the liquid thus, in particular, be mixed here.
Dazu wird die Pulvermischung auf Eisen- oder Edelstahlbasis zunächst in der anmeldungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit gemischt und anschließend getrocknet.To The powder mixture is based on iron or stainless steel initially in the according to the application liquid mixed and then dried.
Die Pulvermischung kann allein aus einem Eisen- und/oder Edelstahlpulver sowie einem Legierungspulver bestehen; auf die Zugabe eines Presshilfsmittels, wie beispielsweise eines pulverförmigen Stearates, kann verzichtet werden.The Powder mixture can be made solely from an iron and / or stainless steel powder and an alloy powder; to the addition of a pressing aid, such as a powdered stearate, can be dispensed with.
Um eine Reaktion des Wassers mit dem Eisen- oder Edelstahlpulver, also insbesondere beispielsweise dessen Hydrolyse, zu verhindern, weist die Flüssigkeit neben Wasser mindestens einen Inhibitor auf.Around a reaction of the water with the iron or stainless steel powder, so in particular, for example, to prevent its hydrolysis, the liquid at least one inhibitor next to water.
Inhibitoren haben die Aufgabe, die Komponenten der auf Eisen oder Edelstahl basierenden Pulvermischung zu ummanteln beziehungsweise die Sauerstoffanlagerung an die Teilchen der Pulvermischung derart zu regulieren, dass diese im Wasser nicht hydrolysieren beziehungsweise eine sonstige Reaktion mit dem Wasser eingehen.inhibitors have the job of placing the components on iron or stainless steel to coat based powder mixture or the oxygen addition to regulate the particles of the powder mixture such that these do not hydrolyze in water or any other reaction enter with the water.
Frühere Versuche, Pulvermischungen auf Eisenbasis in Wasser zu mischen scheiterten regelmäßig daran, dass eine Reaktion der Eisenpartikel mit dem Wasser nicht verhindert werden konnte. Durch einen Inhibitor, insbesondere durch einen oder mehrere der nachfolgend genannten Inhibitoren, kann diese Reaktion nunmehr vollständig oder zumindest weitgehend unterbunden werden.Earlier attempts Iron-based powder blends in water failed to mix regularly that a reaction of the iron particles with the water does not prevent could be. By an inhibitor, in particular by one or Several of the inhibitors listed below may cause this reaction now completely or at least largely suppressed.
Als Inhibitoren verwendet werden können beispielsweise Benzoate, ethanolaminische Borsäure, Phosphate und Phosphonate sowie Benzotriazole, Tolyltriazole, Natrium-Mercaptobenztriazole, Amino-Alkyl-Benzimidazole und Mischungen daraus. Alternativ oder kumulativ können als Inhibtor Molybdate, Nitrite, Sebazate, Silikate und Mischungen daraus eingesetzt werden.When Inhibitors can be used, for example Benzoates, ethanolaminic boric acid, Phosphates and phosphonates as well as benzotriazoles, tolyltriazoles, sodium mercaptobenzotriazoles, Amino-alkyl-benzimidazoles and mixtures thereof. Alternatively or cumulatively as an inhibitor molybdate, nitrites, sebacates, silicates and mixtures be used from it.
Bisher war unbekannt, dass diese Substanzen als hervorragende Inhibitoren bei der flüssigen Aufbereitung von Pulvermischungen auf Eisen- oder Edelstahlbasis beziehungsweise dem Mischen von eisen- und edelstahlbasierten Pulvermischungen in Wasser wirken.So far It was unknown that these substances are excellent inhibitors in liquid processing of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel respectively the mixing of iron and stainless steel powder mixtures in water Act.
Als weiteren Stoff kann die anmeldungsgemäße Flüssigkeit beispielsweise Presshilfsmittel enthalten.When Another substance, the application according to the liquid, for example, pressing aids contain.
Als Preßhilfsmittel können z.B. Wachsemulsionen eingesetzt werden. Die Wachsemulsion kann beispielsweise eine Wachsemulsion auf Basis von Paraffin, oxidiertem Paraffin, Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Stearate, Amidwachse wie zum Beispiel Ethylen-bis-stearylamid, Stearylamid oder Mischungen daraus sein.When pressing aid can e.g. Wax emulsions are used. For example, the wax emulsion a wax emulsion based on paraffin, oxidized paraffin, Polyethylene, polypropylene, stearates, amide waxes such as Ethylene-bis-stearylamide, stearylamide or mixtures thereof.
Erfindungsgemäß wurde erkannt, dass Wachs beziehungsweise ein Stearat sowohl als Presshilfsmittel als auch als Inhibitor in einer Wasser basierenden Flüssigkeit, in der auf Eisen oder Edelstahl basierende Pulvermischungen gemischt werden sollen, wirkt. Das Wachs beziehungsweise Stearat kann jedoch nur dann eingesetzt werden kann, wenn dieses als Emulsion in der Flüssigkeit vorliegt. Die Zugabe von Wachs beziehungsweise einem Stearat in nicht-emulgierter Form würde zu keiner Verteilung des Wachses im Wasser führen. Entsprechend scheiterten frühere Versuche, Wasser als Flüssigkeit zur Aufbereitung von eisenbasierten Pulvermischungen zu verwenden, da sich die nicht-emulgierten Wachse beziehungsweise Stearate im Wasser nicht lösten beziehungsweise verteilten.According to the invention was recognized that wax or a stearate both as a pressing aid as well as an inhibitor in a water-based liquid, mixed in the iron or stainless steel based powder mixtures to be, works. However, the wax or stearate can can only be used if this as an emulsion in the liquid is present. The addition of wax or a stearate in non-emulsified form would do not lead to a distribution of the wax in the water. Accordingly failed earlier Attempts to use water as a liquid Preparation of iron-based powder mixtures to use since the non-emulsified waxes or stearates in the water did not solve or distributed.
Durch den Stabilisator wird die Viskosität der Flüssigkeit reguliert. Insbesondere werden anmeldungsgemäß Stabilisatoren eingesetzt, die die Viskosität des Wassers erhöhen, so dass das Absinken der Komponenten der Pulvermischung in der Flüssigkeit erschwert wird und einer Entmischung dadurch entgegengetreten wird.By the stabilizer regulates the viscosity of the liquid. Especially According to the application stabilizers used that the viscosity increase the water, so that the lowering of the components of the powder mixture in the liquid difficult and a segregation is thereby countered.
Als Stabilisatoren können beispielsweise Cellulosen eingesetzt werden, beispielsweise Celluloseether, beispielsweise Hydroxyethylcellulosen, Hydroxypropylcellulosen, Methylcellulosen, Methylethylhydroxycellulosen, Methylpropylhydroxycellulosen oder Mischungen daraus. Alternativ oder kumulativ können Alginate, Stärke, Stärkeether, Guar, Guarether, Xanthan oder Mischungen daraus als Stabilisatoren eingesetzt werden.When Stabilizers can For example, celluloses can be used, for example cellulose ethers, for example, hydroxyethylcelluloses, hydroxypropylcelluloses, Methylcelluloses, methylethylhydroxycelluloses, methylpropylhydroxycelluloses or mixtures thereof. Alternatively or cumulatively, alginates, Strength, starch, Guar, guar ether, xanthan or mixtures thereof as stabilizers be used.
Wenigstens einer der weiteren Stoffe in der Flüssigkeit kann beispielsweise ein Dispergiermittel sein, beispielsweise Polyacrylsäuren.At least one of the other substances in the liquid, for example a dispersing agent, for example polyacrylic acids.
Als weiterer Stoff kann aber auch ein temporärer Binder in der Flüssigkeit vorhanden sein, beispielsweise ein temporärer Binder auf Basis Polyacrylate, Polyvinylacetate, Polyvinylalkohole wie auch Cellulose- und Stärkederivate oder Mischungen daraus.When Another substance can also be a temporary binder in the liquid be present, for example, a temporary binder based on polyacrylates, Polyvinyl acetates, polyvinyl alcohols as well as cellulose and starch derivatives or mixtures thereof.
Durch die Verwendung der anmeldungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit wird die Aufbereitung von Pulvermischungen auf Eisen- oder Edelstahlbasis nicht nur stark verbessert, sondern auch die Eigenschaften der aus diesen Mischungen erstellten, gesinterten Formteile sind gegenüber den Formteilen nach dem Stand der Technik stark verbessert.By the use of the according to the application liquid is the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel not only greatly improved, but also the characteristics of the sintered moldings made of these mixtures are compared to the Molded parts according to the prior art greatly improved.
So kann durch die Verwendung der anmeldungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit ein Stauben der Pulvermischungen praktisch vollständig verhindert werden. Auch kann die Grünfestigkeit der geformten Grünlinge stark erhöht werden.So can by using the application according to the liquid dusting of the powder mixtures practically complete be prevented. Also, the green strength of the molded green compacts can be strong elevated become.
Die aus den Pulvermischungen, die mit der anmeldungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit aufbereitet worden sind, hergestellten (gesinterten) Formteile weisen sich durch hervorragende Eigenschaften, insbesondere eine hohe Homogenität und Festigkeit aus.The from the powder mixtures, with the liquid according to the application have been prepared, produced (sintered) moldings through excellent properties, in particular a high homogeneity and strength out.
Zur Aufbereitung einer eisen- und/oder edelstahlbasierten Pulvermischung mit der anmeldungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit wird die Pulvermischung zunächst in der anmeldungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit gemischt und anschließend getrocknet.to Preparation of an iron- and / or stainless steel-based powder mixture with the liquid according to the application the powder mixture is first in the liquid according to the application mixed and then dried.
Die Homogenisierung der Pulvermischung in der anmeldungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit kann durch bekannte Mischaggregate vorgenommen werden, beispielsweise Attritoren.The Homogenization of the powder mixture in the liquid according to the application can be made by known mixing equipment, for example Attrition.
Die Mischdauer in der Flüssigkeit kann beispielsweise 1 bis 3 Stunden betragen.The Mixing time in the liquid may for example be 1 to 3 hours.
Nach der Mischung der Pulvermischung in der anmeldungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit wird die feuchte Pulvermischung einem Trocknungsaggregat, beispielsweise einer Sprühtrocknungsanlage, zugeführt.To the mixture of the powder mixture in the liquid according to the application the wet powder mixture is a drying aggregate, for example a spray drying plant, fed.
In der Trocknungsanlage, beispielsweise einer Sprühtrocknungsanlage, wird die feuchte Mischung zu einem Granulat verdüst.In the drying plant, such as a spray-drying plant, is the damp mixture to a granulate.
Dabei bildet eine in der anmeldungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit gemischte Pulvermischung ein charakteristisches Granulat aus, das sich neben Anteilen an Vollgranulat insbesondere auch durch einen Anteil an Hohlgranulat auszeichnet.In this case, a powder mixture mixed in the liquid according to the application forms a characteristic granulate which in addition to proportions on granules especially characterized by a proportion of hollow granules.
Aufgrund des regelmäßig gebildeten Anteils an Hohlgranulat kann das getrocknete Granulat in Formwerkzeugen, üblicherweise in Pressen, sehr effektiv zu Grünlingen geformt werden.by virtue of of regularly formed Portion of hollow granules, the dried granules in molds, usually in presses, very effective to greenlings be formed.
Eine Beschädigung des Formwerkzeugs, besonders der bewegten Teile eines ebensolchen, durch ein etwaiges Stauben des Granulats ist durch die Verwendung der anmeldungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit verhindert.A damage of the mold, especially the moving parts of a similar, through Any dusting of the granules is through the use of according to the application liquid prevented.
Wie oben bereits ausgeführt, wurde erfindungsgemäß festgestellt, dass die Wachsemulsion, neben ihrer Eigenschaft als Presshilfsmittel, gleichzeitig auch als hervorragender Inhibitor agiert, wodurch die Homogenität und Gründichte beziehungsweise -festigkeit des gepressten Formteils bei gleichem Pressdruck (im Vergleich zum Pressdruck beziehungsweise den Eigenschaften eines Formteils, das nach dem Stand der Technik aufbereitet wurde) erhöht ist beziehungsweise nur einer geringerer Pressdruck erforderlich ist, um beim Formteil die gleichen Eigenschaften zu erhalten, die es ohne die Verwendung einer Wachsemulsion in der anmeldungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit erhalten würde.As already stated above was found according to the invention that the wax emulsion, in addition to its property as a pressing aid, at the same time acting as an excellent inhibitor, whereby the homogeneity and green density or strength of the pressed molding at the same Pressing pressure (compared to the pressing pressure or the properties a molded part, which has been prepared according to the prior art) is increased or only a lower pressure is required to the molding to get the same properties that it does without the use a wax emulsion would be obtained in the liquid according to the application.
Der Grünling wird schließlich einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen und dabei zum Eisen- oder Edelstahlprodukt gesintert.Of the Greenfinch finally becomes a heat treatment and thereby sintered to iron or stainless steel product.
Die anmeldungsgemäße Flüssigkeit kann beispielsweise wie folgt zusammengesetzt sein (die nachfolgenden Angaben in Gewischts-%, soweit nicht anders angegeben, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Flüssigkeit):
- – Wasser: 25-99 Gew.-%, also beispielsweise auch 68-98 Gew.-% oder 82-93 Gew.-%;
- – Inhibitor: 0,02-50 Gew.-%, also beispielsweise auch 1-7 Gew.-% oder 1-4 Gew.-%;
- – Stabilisator: 0,005-7 Gew.-%, also beispielsweise auch 0,05-4 oder 0,1-1 Gew.-%;
- – Weitere Stoffe: 0-20 Gew.-%.
- - Water: 25-99 wt .-%, that is, for example, 68-98 wt .-% or 82-93 wt .-%;
- - Inhibitor: 0.02-50 wt .-%, that is, for example, 1-7 wt .-% or 1-4 wt .-%;
- Stabilizer: 0.005-7 wt .-%, that is, for example, 0.05-4 or 0.1-1 wt .-%;
- - Other substances: 0-20 wt .-%.
Wachsemulsion kann beispielsweise in Anteilen von 0,5-35 Gew.-%, also beispielsweise auch in Anteilen von 1-15 Gew.- oder von 4-12 Gew.-% in der Flüssigkeit vorliegen.wax emulsion For example, in proportions of 0.5-35 wt .-%, that is, for example also in proportions of 1-15% by weight or of 4-12% by weight in the liquid available.
Dispergiermittel kann beispielsweise in Anteilen von 0,01-33 Gew.-%, also beispielsweise auch in Anteilen von 0,05-6 Gew.-% oder von 0,1-3 Gew.-% in der Flüssigkeit vorliegen.dispersants For example, in proportions of 0.01-33 wt .-%, so for example also in proportions of 0.05-6 wt .-% or of 0.1-3 wt .-% in the liquid available.
Die anmeldungsgemäße Flüssigkeit kann beispielsweise mit der 3- bis 7-fachen Menge an einer eisen- oder edelstahlbasierten Pulvermischung zur feuchten Mischung gemischt werden.The according to the application liquid can, for example, be used with 3 to 7 times the amount of an iron or stainless steel based powder mix for wet mixing become.
Nachfolgend werde zwei Beispiele für eine anmeldungsgemäße Flüssigkeit angegeben:following be two examples of an application according to the liquid stated:
Beispiel 1:Example 1:
- – Wasser: 88,2 Gew.-%;- Water: 88.2% by weight;
- – Inhibitor in Form von Monoethanolaminborat: 2,2 Gew.-%;- Inhibitor in the form of monoethanolamine borate: 2.2% by weight;
- – Stabilisator in Form von Methylcellulose: 0,4 Gew.-%;- stabilizer in the form of methyl cellulose: 0.4% by weight;
- – Wachsemulsion in Form einer 50%-igen Paraffinemulsion: 8,8 Gew.-%;- Wax emulsion in the form of a 50% paraffin emulsion: 8.8% by weight;
- – Dispergiermittel in Form von Polyammoniumacrylat: 0,4 Gew.-%.- Dispersant in the form of polyammonium acrylate: 0.4% by weight.
Beispiel 2:Example 2:
- – Wasser: 84,7 Gew.-%;- Water: 84.7% by weight;
- – Inhibitor in Form von Monoethanolaminphosphat: 2,8 Gew.-%;- Inhibitor in the form of monoethanolamine phosphate: 2.8% by weight;
- – Stabilisator in Form von Methylhydroxypropylcellulose: 0,6 Gew.-%;- stabilizer in the form of methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose: 0.6% by weight;
- – Wachsemulsion in Form einer 50%-igen Polypropylenemulsion: 11,3 Gew.-%;- Wax emulsion in the form of a 50% polypropylene emulsion: 11.3% by weight;
- – Dispergiermittel in Form von Polyammoniumacrylat: 0,6 Gew.-%.- Dispersant in the form of polyammonium acrylate: 0.6% by weight.
In der feuchten Pulvermischung aus der anmeldungsgemäßen Flüssigkeit und der Eisen/Edelstahl-Pulvermischung können neben 100 Gew.-% Eisen/Edelstahl-Partikeln beispielsweise zusätzlich die folgenden Teile an den Komponenten der Flüssigkeit vorliegen:
- – 8-200 Gew.-% Wasser, also beispielsweise auch 12-70 oder 12-30 Gew.-% Wasser;
- – 0,05-10 Gew.-% Inhibitor, also beispielsweise auch 0,2-2 Gew.-% Inhibitor;
- – 0,01-5 Gew.-% Stabilisator, also beispielsweise auch 0,05-1 oder 0,05-0,5 Gew.-% Stabilisator.
- - 8-200 wt .-% water, so for example, 12-70 or 12-30 wt .-% water;
- 0.05-10% by weight of inhibitor, ie, for example, 0.2-2% by weight of inhibitor;
- - 0.01-5 wt .-% stabilizer, so for example 0.05-1 or 0.05-0.5 wt .-% stabilizer.
Neben den 100 Gew.-% Eisen/Edelstahl-Partikeln können in der feuchten Mischung beispielsweise 1-5 Gew.-% Wachsemulsion, also beispielsweise auch 0,1-20 oder 0,5-4 Gew.-% Wachsemulsion und/oder 0,01-5 Gew.-% Dispergiermittel, also beispielsweise auch 0,05-1 Dispergiermittel vorliegen.Next The 100% by weight iron / stainless steel particles can be in the wet mix for example 1-5 wt .-% wax emulsion, so for example 0.1-20 or 0.5-4 wt .-% wax emulsion and / or 0.01-5 wt .-% dispersant, ie for example, also present 0.05-1 dispersant.
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102004053222A DE102004053222B3 (en) | 2004-11-04 | 2004-11-04 | Liquid, its use for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel, and a process for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel |
EP05018859A EP1657320B1 (en) | 2004-11-04 | 2005-08-31 | Use of a fluid to prepare iron and steel based mixtures |
DE502005002969T DE502005002969D1 (en) | 2004-11-04 | 2005-08-31 | Use of a liquid for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel and a process for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel |
AT05018859T ATE387515T1 (en) | 2004-11-04 | 2005-08-31 | USE OF A LIQUID FOR PREPARING IRON OR STAINLESS STEEL BASED POWDER MIXTURES AND A METHOD FOR PREPARING IRON OR STAINLESS STEEL BASED POWDER MIXTURES |
US11/249,875 US20060090592A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 | 2005-10-13 | Liquid, its use for the preparation of powder mixtures on the basis of iron or stainless steel as well as a method for the preparation of powder mixtures on the basis of iron or stainless steel |
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DE102004053222A DE102004053222B3 (en) | 2004-11-04 | 2004-11-04 | Liquid, its use for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel, and a process for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel |
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DE102004053222B3 true DE102004053222B3 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
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DE102004053222A Expired - Fee Related DE102004053222B3 (en) | 2004-11-04 | 2004-11-04 | Liquid, its use for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel, and a process for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel |
DE502005002969T Active DE502005002969D1 (en) | 2004-11-04 | 2005-08-31 | Use of a liquid for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel and a process for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel |
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DE502005002969T Active DE502005002969D1 (en) | 2004-11-04 | 2005-08-31 | Use of a liquid for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel and a process for the preparation of powder mixtures based on iron or stainless steel |
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US (1) | US20060090592A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1657320B1 (en) |
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DE (2) | DE102004053222B3 (en) |
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JP6468021B2 (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2019-02-13 | 株式会社リコー | 3D modeling powder material, 3D modeling material set, 3D model, 3D model manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE69223940T2 (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 1998-07-09 | Hoeganaes Corp | Process for producing a sintered metal element and metal powder compositions |
US6039784A (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 2000-03-21 | Hoeganaes Corporation | Iron-based powder compositions containing green strength enhancing lubricants |
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US4098720A (en) * | 1973-10-25 | 1978-07-04 | Chemed Corporation | Corrosion inhibition |
CH639518B (en) * | 1977-11-02 | Rohner Ag | HIGHLY CONCENTRATED, STABLE, FLOWABLE AQUATIC DISPERSION OF ELECTROPHILY SUBSTITUTED, DIAZOTABLE AROMATIC AMINES. | |
US4315889A (en) * | 1979-12-26 | 1982-02-16 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Method of reducing leaching of cobalt from metal working tools containing tungsten carbide particles bonded by cobalt |
JPS5738896A (en) * | 1980-08-15 | 1982-03-03 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Composite binder composition for powder molding |
US5290825A (en) * | 1985-05-17 | 1994-03-01 | Lazar Warren G | Composition and method for inhibiting the cure of cyanoacrylate adhesives and cure inhibited cyanoacrylate adhesive compositions |
US4830994A (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1989-05-16 | The Dow Chemical Company | Greenware binder |
US5178786A (en) * | 1989-08-04 | 1993-01-12 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Corrosion-inhibiting compositions and functional fluids containing same |
JPH055926A (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1993-01-14 | Sony Corp | Iris driving mechanism |
DE4336694A1 (en) * | 1993-10-27 | 1995-05-04 | Inst Neue Mat Gemein Gmbh | Process for the production of metal and ceramic sintered bodies and layers |
DE4338122A1 (en) * | 1993-11-08 | 1995-05-11 | Basf Ag | Process for the production of sintered molded parts and compositions suitable therefor |
DE4434986A1 (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1996-04-04 | Basf Ag | Process for the preparation of aqueous solutions of poly (N-vinyl-epsilon-caprolactam) and their use |
US5589106A (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1996-12-31 | Nalco Chemical Company | Carbon steel corrosion inhibitors |
DE19510474A1 (en) * | 1995-03-27 | 1996-10-02 | Basf Ag | New hair fixatives |
US5922978A (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 1999-07-13 | Omg Americas, Inc. | Method of preparing pressable powders of a transition metal carbide, iron group metal or mixtures thereof |
US6245288B1 (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2001-06-12 | Omg Americas, Inc. | Method of preparing pressable powders of a transition metal carbide, iron group metal of mixtures thereof |
US6261336B1 (en) * | 2000-08-01 | 2001-07-17 | Rutgers, The State University Of New Jersey | Stable aqueous iron based feedstock formulation for injection molding |
AT4928U1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2002-01-25 | Plansee Tizit Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A HARD METAL APPROACH |
US6689184B1 (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2004-02-10 | Latitude Manufacturing Technologies, Inc. | Iron-based powdered metal compositions |
DE10302093A1 (en) * | 2003-01-21 | 2004-07-29 | Basf Ag | Heat carrier liquid concentrate based on glycol or diluted with water, used in solar plant, e.g. in direct contact with glass, contains aliphatic amine, silicate, triazole or thiazole corrosion inhibitor, molybdate and hard water stabilizer |
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2004
- 2004-11-04 DE DE102004053222A patent/DE102004053222B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2005-08-31 AT AT05018859T patent/ATE387515T1/en active
- 2005-08-31 EP EP05018859A patent/EP1657320B1/en active Active
- 2005-08-31 DE DE502005002969T patent/DE502005002969D1/en active Active
- 2005-10-13 US US11/249,875 patent/US20060090592A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE69223940T2 (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 1998-07-09 | Hoeganaes Corp | Process for producing a sintered metal element and metal powder compositions |
US6039784A (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 2000-03-21 | Hoeganaes Corporation | Iron-based powder compositions containing green strength enhancing lubricants |
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EP1657320A1 (en) | 2006-05-17 |
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EP1657320B1 (en) | 2008-02-27 |
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