DE102004034914B3 - Separate fresh charge volume control for internal combustion piston engines entails controlling fresh charge volume during compression, whereby compression commencement is adjusted correspondingly to operating load - Google Patents

Separate fresh charge volume control for internal combustion piston engines entails controlling fresh charge volume during compression, whereby compression commencement is adjusted correspondingly to operating load Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102004034914B3
DE102004034914B3 DE102004034914A DE102004034914A DE102004034914B3 DE 102004034914 B3 DE102004034914 B3 DE 102004034914B3 DE 102004034914 A DE102004034914 A DE 102004034914A DE 102004034914 A DE102004034914 A DE 102004034914A DE 102004034914 B3 DE102004034914 B3 DE 102004034914B3
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Prior art keywords
fresh charge
compression
charge volume
control
internal combustion
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DE102004034914A
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German (de)
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Viktor Holstein
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/08—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for decompression, e.g. during starting; for changing compression ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
    • F01L2303/01—Tools for producing, mounting or adjusting, e.g. some part of the distribution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2800/00—Methods of operation using a variable valve timing mechanism
    • F01L2800/13—Throttleless

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The separate fresh charge volume control for internal combustion piston engines in which an inducted fresh charge unrestricted with full piston stroke is regulated by the opening and closing of control ports, and in which an excessively inducted air volume is directed back into the induction passage through the control ports which are opened following an acute demand, entails controlling the fresh charge volume during the compression during operation, and the compression commencement is adjusted correspondingly to the operating load by the selective operating of the control ports.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Kolbenbrennkraftmaschinen.The The invention relates to reciprocating internal combustion engines.

Bei den Dieselmotoren muss gewährleistet sein, dass die Zündung des in die verdichtete Luft eingespritzten Kraftstoffes aufgrund der thermischen Verhältnise bei allen Belastungen, d.h. auch im Leerlauf, erfolgt. Diese Bedingung ist erfüllt, wenn das Verdichtungsverhältnis mindestens so gross ist, dass die komprimierte Luft ein für die Selbstzündung des Kraftstoffes hinreichendes energetisches Niveau aufweist.at diesel engines must be ensured that the ignition of the fuel injected into the compressed air due the thermal ratios at all loads, i. even when idling. This condition is satisfied, if the compression ratio is at least so great that the compressed air for the self-ignition of the fuel has sufficient energy level.

In Ottomotoren wird die Verbrennung durch eine Fremdzündung eingeleitet. Die Fremdzündung setzt voraus, dass ein Verbrennungsluftverhältnis innerhalb der Zündgrenzen des Gemisches eingehalten wird.In Gasoline engines, the combustion is initiated by a spark ignition. The spark ignition sets assume that a combustion air ratio within the ignition limits the mixture is maintained.

Unter Berücksichtigung der motorischen Eigenverluste im Leerlauf muss ein Regulierungsbereich zwischen 100% und etwa 15% Wärmezufuhr gewährleistet werden. Daraus ist zu erkennen, dass eine Qualitätsregulierung für den praktischen Betrieb von Ottomotoren keinesfalls ausreicht und eine Art der Regulierung angewandt werden muss, die unter allen Lastbedingungen einen Betrieb innerhalb der Zündgrenzen garantiert. Diese Voraussetzung bietet die Drosselregulierung, bei der die Mischverhältnis von Luft zu Kraftstoff konstant bleibt. Zum Einstellen von Teillast wird der Ansaugquerschnitt durch eine Drosselklappe oder durch eine Ventilhubregulierung verringert. Darum herrscht während des Saughubes im Zylinder ein geringerer Druck gegenüber dem Umgebungsdruck. Die Dichte der angesaugten Luft ist dadurch bei Teillast kleiner als bei Volllast.Under consideration The engine idling losses must be a regulatory area guaranteed between 100% and about 15% heat become. It can be seen that a quality regulation for the practical Operation of gasoline engines by no means sufficient and a kind of regulation must be used which operates under all load conditions within the ignition limits guaranteed. This requirement provides the throttle regulation, at the the mixing ratio of Air to fuel remains constant. For setting partial load is the intake cross section through a throttle or by a Valve lift regulation reduced. That is what prevails during the Suction stroke in the cylinder a lower pressure compared to the ambient pressure. The Density of the intake air is thereby less than at partial load at full load.

Die erfindungsgemäße separate Frischladungsvolumensteuerung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Frischladung beim Teillastbetrieb durch die grosse Einlassöffnung Einlassventil ungedrosselt und ohne Energieverluste angesaugt wird, was in den Patenten US 21 37 482 und GB 282 824 , in denen die Vorrichtungen während des Anlassens die Ventile etwas geöffnet halten um die Hochverdichtung zu vermindern, beschrieben wurde.The separate fresh charge volume control according to the invention is characterized in that the fresh charge is sucked in part-load operation through the large intake inlet valve unthrottled and without energy losses, which in the patents US 21 37 482 and GB 282 824 in which the devices hold the valves slightly open during cranking to reduce the high compression.

Mittels Öffnen und Schliessen der Steueröffnungen (17,17a; 19,19a; 21,21a) wird der Verdichtungsanfang (A) flexibel verstellt. Da die Steueröffnungen unterschiedlich von Ansaugöffnungen mit kleinerem Querschnitt angeordnet sind, ist der Druck der Frischladung beim Verdichtungsanfang (A) im Teillastbetrieb grösser als der Umgebungsdruck. Die Dichte der angesaugten Luft ist dadurch bei Teillast grösser als bei Volllast, was die grosse Auswirkungen auf die Dichte der Wärmeenergie ausübt.By opening and closing the control openings ( 17 . 17a ; 19 . 19a ; 21 . 21a ), the start of compression (A) is flexibly adjusted. Since the control openings are arranged differently from intake openings with a smaller cross-section, the pressure of the fresh charge at the start of compression (A) in partial load operation is greater than the ambient pressure. The density of the intake air is thereby greater at partial load than at full load, which exerts the great effect on the density of heat energy.

In der 1 werden alle Komponenten eines Arbeitszylinders vom Ottomotor (bzw. Dieselmotor) dargestellt.In the 1 All components of a working cylinder are represented by the gasoline engine (or diesel engine).

11
Zylindercylinder
22
Kolbenpiston
33
Auslasskanalexhaust port
4 4
Auslassventiloutlet valve
55
Ansaugkanalintake port
66
Einlassventilintake valve
77
Luftkanal von den Steueröffnungenair duct from the control openings
88th
Kipphebel der Nockenwellerocker arm the camshaft
99
StößelstangetraversePushrod Traverse
1010
Stößelstangepushrod
11,13,1511,13,15
Stößeltappet
12,14,1612,14,16
Kipphebel der Steuerventilerocker arm the control valves
17,19,2117,19,21
Steueröffnungencontrol openings
18,20,2218,20,22
Steuerventilecontrol valves
2323
TraverseantriebTraverse drive

In der 2 werden alle Komponenten eines Verdichtungszylinders von einem Motor mit getrennten Verdichtungs-und Verbrennungszylindern dargestellt.In the 2 all components of a compression cylinder are represented by an engine with separate compression and combustion cylinders.

1a1a
Verdichtungszylindercompression cylinder
2a2a
Verdichtungskolbencompression piston
5a5a
Ansaugkanalintake port
6a6a
Einlassventilintake valve
7a7a
Luftkanal von den Steueröffnungenair duct from the control openings
8a8a
Kipphebel der Nockenwellerocker arm the camshaft
17a,19a,21a17a, 19a, 21a
Steueröffnungencontrol openings
18a,20a,22a18a, 20a, 22a
Steuerventilecontrol valves
2424
Steuerventilantrieb (z.B.Elektromagneten)Control valve drive (Z.B.Elektromagneten)

In den 3 bis 6 wird das Funktionprinzip der erfindungsgemäßen "separaten Frischladungsvolumensteuerung" erläutert (als Beispiel mit 3 Öffnungen).

  • a) – Der Arbeitszylinder des Ottomotors.
  • b) – Der Verdichtungszylinder des Motors mit getrennten Verdichtungs-und Verbrennungszylinder.
In the 3 to 6 the functional principle of the "separate fresh charge volume control" according to the invention is explained (as an example with 3 openings).
  • a) - The working cylinder of the gasoline engine.
  • b) - The compression cylinder of the engine with separate compression and combustion cylinders.

Das Luftansaugen erfolgt vom oberen Totpunkt zum unteren Totpunkt und die Verdichtung vom Verdichtungsanfang (A) zum oberen Totpunkt.The air intake takes place from top dead center to bottom dead center and the compression from Start of compression (A) to top dead center.

In der 3 Darstellung der Funktion "Das grosse Frischladungsvolumen".In the 3 Presentation of the function "The big fresh charge volume".

Alle Steueröffnungen (17,17a; 19,19a; 21,21a) sind geschlossen.
A – Anfang der Verdichtung.All control openings ( 17 . 17a ; 19 . 19a ; 21 . 21a ) are closed.
A - beginning of the compression.

Es wird das grosse Frischladungsvolumen verdichtet.It the large volume of fresh cargo is compacted.

In der 4 Darstellung der Funktion "Das mittlere Frischladungsvolumen 1".In the 4 Representation of the function "The average fresh charge volume 1".

a) Die Steueröffnungen (21,21a) sind geöffnet.a) The control openings ( 21 . 21a ) are opened.

Die Steueröffnungen (17,17a; 19,19a) sind geschlossen.The control openings ( 17 . 17a ; 19 . 19a ) are closed.

Die überflüssig angesaugte Luftmenge wird durch die geöffnete Steueröffnungen (21,21a) in den Ansaugkanal zurückgeleitet.
A – Anfang der Verdichtung.The excessively sucked air volume is through the open control ports ( 21 . 21a ) returned to the intake passage.
A - beginning of the compression.

In der 5 Darstellung der Funktion "Das mittlere Frischladungsvolumen 2".In the 5 Representation of the function "The average fresh charge volume 2".

b) Die Steueröffnungen (19,19a; 21,21a) sind geöffnet.b) The control openings ( 19 . 19a ; 21 . 21a ) are opened.

Die Steueröffnungen (17, 17a) sind geschlossen.The control openings ( 17 . 17a ) are closed.

Die überflüssig angesaugte Luftmenge wird durch die geöffnete Steueröffnungen (19,19a; 21,21a) in den Ansaugkanal zurückgeleitet.
A – Anfang der Verdichtung.The excessively sucked air volume is through the open control ports ( 19 . 19a ; 21 . 21a ) returned to the intake passage.
A - beginning of the compression.

Es wird das mittlere Frischladungsvolumen verdichtet.It the average fresh charge volume is compressed.

In der 6 Darstellung der Funktion "Das kleine Frischladungsvolumen".In the 6 Presentation of the function "The small fresh charge volume".

Alle Steueröffnungen (17,17a; 19,19a; 21,21a) sind geöffnet.All control openings ( 17 . 17a ; 19 . 19a ; 21 . 21a ) are opened.

Die überflüssig angesaugte Luftmenge wird durch die geöffnete Steueröffnungen (17,17a; 19,19a; 21,21a) in den Ansaugkanal zurückgeleitet.
A – Anfang der Verdichtung.The excessively sucked air volume is through the open control ports ( 17 . 17a ; 19 . 19a ; 21 . 21a ) returned to the intake passage.
A - beginning of the compression.

Es wird das kleine Frischladungsvolumen verdichtet.It the small fresh charge volume is compressed.

Claims (1)

Separate Frischladungsvolumensteuerung für Kolbenbrennkraftmaschinen, bei welcher eine mit vollem Kolbenhub ungedrosselt angesaugte Frischladung mittels Öffnen und Schliessen von Steueröfnungen (17,17a; 19,19a; 21,21a) volumenmäßig reguliert wird, wobei eine überflüssig angesaugte Luftmenge durch die je nach akutem Bedarf geöffneten Steueröffnungen in einen Ansaugkanal zurückgeleitet wird, gekennzeichnet durch folgende Merkmale: – die Frischladungsvolumensteuerung ist während einer Verdichtung im Betrieb, – der Verdichtungsanfang (A) wird entsprechend der Betriebslast durch die selektive Betätigung der Steueröffnungen verstellt.Separate fresh charge volume control for reciprocating internal combustion engines, in which a fresh charge sucked unthrottled with full piston stroke by means of opening and closing control openings ( 17 . 17a ; 19 . 19a ; 21 . 21a ) is regulated in volume, wherein an excessively sucked air quantity is returned by the opened according to acute need control ports in an intake passage, characterized by the following features: - the fresh charge volume control is during a compression in operation, - the compression start (A) is in accordance with the operating load through the selective actuation of the control openings adjusted.
DE102004034914A 2004-07-16 2004-07-16 Separate fresh charge volume control for internal combustion piston engines entails controlling fresh charge volume during compression, whereby compression commencement is adjusted correspondingly to operating load Withdrawn - After Issue DE102004034914B3 (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB282824A (en) * 1926-06-04 1928-05-17 Acro Ag Improvements relating to the starting of internal combustion engines having liquid fuel injection
US2137482A (en) * 1937-03-09 1938-11-22 Joseph V Gil Means for facilitating starting of internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB282824A (en) * 1926-06-04 1928-05-17 Acro Ag Improvements relating to the starting of internal combustion engines having liquid fuel injection
US2137482A (en) * 1937-03-09 1938-11-22 Joseph V Gil Means for facilitating starting of internal combustion engines

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Effective date: 20110705