DE10062768A1 - Heat pump has bypass limiting condensate flow through internal heat exchanger if large temperature difference between evaporation, condensation sides/very low evaporation temperatures - Google Patents
Heat pump has bypass limiting condensate flow through internal heat exchanger if large temperature difference between evaporation, condensation sides/very low evaporation temperaturesInfo
- Publication number
- DE10062768A1 DE10062768A1 DE2000162768 DE10062768A DE10062768A1 DE 10062768 A1 DE10062768 A1 DE 10062768A1 DE 2000162768 DE2000162768 DE 2000162768 DE 10062768 A DE10062768 A DE 10062768A DE 10062768 A1 DE10062768 A1 DE 10062768A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- condensate
- evaporation
- internal heat
- temperature difference
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
- F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
- F25B2341/06—Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
- F25B2341/062—Capillary expansion valves
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Wärmepumpe nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 gemäß Patentanmeldung 100 29 655.6.The invention relates to a heat pump according to the preamble of claim 1 according to patent application 100 29 655.6.
Wärmepumpen dieser Art besitzen einen Kältemittelkreislauf durch einen Verdampfer, in welchem das Kältemittel verdampft und dabei Wärme aus der Umgebung aufnimmt (Wär mequelle), einen Kompressor, in welchem das Kältemittel verdichtet wird, mit nachge schalten Verbrauchern zur Abgabe der frei werdenden Kondensationswärme (Wärme senke) und ein folgendes Expansionsventil zum Entspannen des Kältemittels, welches dann wieder dem Verdampfer zuströmt. Gemäß der genannten Patentanmeldung erfolgt ein zusätzlicher Wärmeaustausch zwischen dem Kältemittel-Sauggas auf der Seite der Wärmequelle und dem Kondensat auf der Seite der Wärmesenke.Heat pumps of this type have a refrigerant circuit through an evaporator, in which evaporates the refrigerant and thereby absorbs heat from the environment (heat mequelle), a compressor in which the refrigerant is compressed, with secondary switch consumers to release the condensation heat released (heat sink) and a subsequent expansion valve to relax the refrigerant, which then flows back to the evaporator. According to the patent application mentioned an additional heat exchange between the refrigerant suction gas on the side of the Heat source and the condensate on the side of the heat sink.
Der Betrieb einer solchen Wärmepumpe ist geprägt durch ein Parameterfeld in Bezug auf Wärmequellen- und Wärmesenkentemperaturen. Mit sinkenden Wärmequellen- und stei genden Wärmesenkentemperaturen steigen das Druckverhältnis und die Verdichtungs endtemperatur an. Bei der hier beschriebenen Wärmepumpe können die Verdich tungsendtemperaturen dann schnell kritische Werte erreichen. Grund sind die sich mit stei genden Temperaturen verschlechternden Schmiereigenschaften des Öles (sinkende Vis kosität) und die Gefahr der Verkokung des Öles. Bei Hermetikverdichtern bauen die Her steller deshalb in der Regel Schwellwertschalter ein, die bei Erreichen einer bestimmten Temperatur (z. B. 130-140°C) den Kompressor abschalten. Aber auch schon in einem gewissen Temperaturbereich unterhalb dieser Schwellwerttemperatur, die quasi einer a kuten Gefahrensituation für den Kompressor entspricht, ist ein längerer Betrieb nicht ohne negative Auswirkungen auf die Ölstabilität und damit auf die Lebensdauer des Kompres sors möglich (kritischer Temperaturbereich jeweils laut Herstellerangaben). Um das deutli che Primärenenergieeinsparungspotenzial der Zweikreiswärmepumpe so weit wie möglich ausnutzen zu können, muss die innere Wärmeübertragung bei niedrigen Wärmequellen temperaturen und/oder bei hohen Wärmesenktemperaturen begrenzt werden, und zwar um so mehr, je tiefer die Wärmequellentemperatur sinkt.The operation of such a heat pump is characterized by a parameter field in relation to Heat source and heat sink temperatures. With falling heat source and steep The heat sink temperatures increase the pressure ratio and the compression final temperature. With the heat pump described here, the compression end temperatures then quickly reach critical values. The reason is that they are steep lubricating properties of the oil that deteriorate in temperature (decreasing vis kosität) and the risk of coking of the oil. The Her build for hermetic compressors therefore usually set a threshold switch when a certain one is reached Temperature (e.g. 130-140 ° C) switch off the compressor. But also in one certain temperature range below this threshold temperature, which is quasi an a kuten dangerous situation for the compressor, a longer operation is not without negative effects on the oil stability and thus on the life of the compress possible (critical temperature range in each case according to the manufacturer's instructions). To make it clear The primary energy saving potential of the dual-circuit heat pump as much as possible To be able to exploit the internal heat transfer at low heat sources temperatures and / or at high heat sink temperatures are limited The lower the heat source temperature drops, the more.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einer gattungsgemäßen Wärmepumpe die innere Wärmeübertragung bei hohen Temperaturdifferenzen zwischen der Wärmequelle und der Wärmesenke, bzw. bei einer sehr niedrigen Wärmequellentemperatur, auf das notwendige Maß zu begrenzen.The invention is based, in a generic heat pump the task internal heat transfer at high temperature differences between the heat source and the heat sink, or at a very low heat source temperature, on the limit necessary measure.
Die erfindungsgemäße Wärmepumpe besitzt die im Patentanspruch 1 genannten Merk male.The heat pump according to the invention has the Merk mentioned in claim 1 times.
Die angestrebte Begrenzung der inneren Wärmeübertragung in den genannten kritischen Fällen kann am besten dadurch realisiert werden, dass nicht der gesamte Kältemit telmassestrom an der inneren Wärmeübertragung teilnimmt. Ein geregelter Bypass würde allerdings zu einer höheren Komplexität des Systems und vor allem zu einer Verteuerung führen und ist daher nicht wünschenswert. Zu empfehlen ist dagegen ein ungeregelter By pass parallel zum inneren Wärmeübertrager und zum Expansionsventil in Form einer Drosselkapillare.The desired limitation of internal heat transfer in the critical The best way to do this is to not use all of the cold tele mass flow participates in the internal heat transfer. A regulated bypass would however to a higher complexity of the system and above all to an increase in price lead and is therefore not desirable. In contrast, an unregulated by is recommended fit parallel to the inner heat exchanger and to the expansion valve in the form of a Drosselkapillare.
Drosselkapillaren werden in der Kältetechnik, z. B. in Kühlschränken, anstelle eines Expan sionsventiles eingesetzt. Prinzipiell harmonieren die Wirkung und die Aufgabe der Kapillare gut. Wenn beim Zweikreiswärmepumpenprozess ohne Kapillare die Verdichtungsendtem peraturen hoch sind, lässt sich durch den Einsatz einer Bypasskapillare auch der Masse strom durch den inneren Wärmeübertrager verringern. Durch die Wahl einer geeigenten Kapillargeometrie lässt sich die Verdichtungsendtemperatur dort, wo sie kritische Werte erreichen könnte, wirksam reduzieren, während sich die Kapillare andererseits dort, wo eine maximale innere Wärmeübertragung mit resultierendem maximalen Anteil der Enthit zung an der Heizwärme wünschenswert ist, nicht kontra-produktiv auswirkt. Throttle capillaries are used in refrigeration, e.g. B. in refrigerators, instead of an expan sionsventile used. In principle, the effect and the task of the capillary harmonize Good. If the compression end in the two-circuit heat pump process without capillary temperatures are high, the mass can also be reduced by using a bypass capillary reduce current through the internal heat exchanger. By choosing a suitable one Capillary geometry allows the final compression temperature to be where it is critical could effectively reduce, while the capillary on the other hand where a maximum internal heat transfer with the resulting maximum share of enthit heating heat is desirable, does not have a counterproductive effect.
Die Zeichnung stellt in einer einzigen Figur ein Wärmepumpenschema als Ausführungsbei spiel der Erfindung dar.The drawing shows a heat pump diagram as an embodiment in a single figure game of the invention.
Ein Kältemittelkreislauf führt durch eine Wärmequelle mit einem Wärmeübertrager WÜ 1 als Verdampfer, durch einen Kompressor V von dort durch eine Wärmesenke mit einem Wärmeübertrager WÜ 2 in einem höher temperierten Nutzungskreis NK 2 für eine Warm wasserbereitung und einem Wärmeübertrager WÜ 3 in einem niedriger temperierten Nut zungskreis NK 1 für den Heizbetrieb und anschließend durch ein Expansionsventil EV. In einem inneren Wärmeübertrager WÜ 4 tritt Sauggas aus dem Verdampfer mit Kondensat aus dem Kondensator in einen hocheffizienten Wärmetausch.A refrigerant circuit leads through a heat source with a heat exchanger WÜ 1 as an evaporator, through a compressor V from there through a heat sink with a heat exchanger WÜ 2 in a higher temperature usage zone NK 2 for hot water production and a heat exchanger WÜ 3 in a lower temperature usage circle NK 1 for heating operation and then through an expansion valve EV. In an internal heat exchanger WÜ 4 suction gas from the evaporator with condensate from the condenser enters a highly efficient heat exchange.
Um bei niedrigen Wärmequellentemperaturen (Verdampfungstemperaturen) und/ oder bei hohen Wärmesenkentemperaturen (Temperaturen des Kondensats) die Wärmeübertragung im inneren Wärmeübertrager WÜ 4 zu begrenzen, ist ein den inneren Wärmeübertager WÜ 4 und das Expansionsventil EV umgehender Bypass By in Form einer Drosselkapillare vorgesehen. Die Auswirkung auf den Gesamtpro zess ist von dem Durchmesser und der Länge der Kapillare abhängigTo at low heat source temperatures (evaporation temperatures) and / or at high heat sink temperatures (temperatures of the condensate) Limiting heat transfer in the internal heat exchanger WÜ 4 is one of the internal heat exchanger WÜ 4 and the bypass expansion valve EV By provided in the form of a throttle capillary. The impact on the overall pro zess depends on the diameter and length of the capillary
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2000162768 DE10062768A1 (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2000-12-15 | Heat pump has bypass limiting condensate flow through internal heat exchanger if large temperature difference between evaporation, condensation sides/very low evaporation temperatures |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2000162768 DE10062768A1 (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2000-12-15 | Heat pump has bypass limiting condensate flow through internal heat exchanger if large temperature difference between evaporation, condensation sides/very low evaporation temperatures |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE10062768A1 true DE10062768A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
Family
ID=7667425
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2000162768 Withdrawn DE10062768A1 (en) | 2000-12-15 | 2000-12-15 | Heat pump has bypass limiting condensate flow through internal heat exchanger if large temperature difference between evaporation, condensation sides/very low evaporation temperatures |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE10062768A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10213339A1 (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2003-10-16 | Gea Happel Klimatechnik | Heat pump for simultaneous cooling and heating |
DE102005040456A1 (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-03-01 | Bernhard Wenzel | Cooling medium circuit for heat pump, has condensers dimensioned for compressor-condensation capacity such that amount of cooling medium in condensers is not completely liquefied, and condensers are over dimensioned |
GB2453515A (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2009-04-15 | Space Engineering Services Ltd | Vapour compression system |
DE102020206823A1 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2021-12-02 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCE, IN PARTICULAR LAUNDRY DRYERS, WITH A HEAT PUMP INCLUDING AN EXPANSION DEVICE |
-
2000
- 2000-12-15 DE DE2000162768 patent/DE10062768A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10213339A1 (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2003-10-16 | Gea Happel Klimatechnik | Heat pump for simultaneous cooling and heating |
DE102005040456A1 (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-03-01 | Bernhard Wenzel | Cooling medium circuit for heat pump, has condensers dimensioned for compressor-condensation capacity such that amount of cooling medium in condensers is not completely liquefied, and condensers are over dimensioned |
GB2453515A (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2009-04-15 | Space Engineering Services Ltd | Vapour compression system |
DE102020206823A1 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2021-12-02 | BSH Hausgeräte GmbH | HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCE, IN PARTICULAR LAUNDRY DRYERS, WITH A HEAT PUMP INCLUDING AN EXPANSION DEVICE |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8127 | New person/name/address of the applicant |
Owner name: BBT THERMOTECHNIK GMBH, 35576 WETZLAR, DE |
|
8127 | New person/name/address of the applicant |
Owner name: ROBERT BOSCH GMBH, 70469 STUTTGART, DE |
|
8141 | Disposal/no request for examination |