DE10050623B4 - Garage-shaped fermenter for solid methanation - Google Patents

Garage-shaped fermenter for solid methanation Download PDF

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DE10050623B4
DE10050623B4 DE10050623A DE10050623A DE10050623B4 DE 10050623 B4 DE10050623 B4 DE 10050623B4 DE 10050623 A DE10050623 A DE 10050623A DE 10050623 A DE10050623 A DE 10050623A DE 10050623 B4 DE10050623 B4 DE 10050623B4
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garage
fermenter
shaped
biogas
fermenter according
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DE10050623A1 (en
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Ludwig Schiedermeier
Manfred Hoffmann
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Schmack Biogas GmbH
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Priority to PCT/EP2001/011696 priority patent/WO2002031104A2/en
Priority to AU2002221665A priority patent/AU2002221665A1/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/16Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/02Form or structure of the vessel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/36Means for collection or storage of gas; Gas holders
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/02Percolation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

Garagenförmiger Biogasfermenter zur Methanisierung von Biomasse, mit einem Fermenterboden (1), Wänden und einem Tor (3), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Fermenterboden (1) in Richtung rückwärtige, dem Tor (3) gegenüberliegende Wand (2) ein Gefälle aufweist.Garage-shaped biogas fermenter for the methanation of biomass, with a fermenter bottom (1), walls and a gate (3), characterized in that the fermenter bottom (1) in the direction of the rear, the gate (3) opposite wall (2) has a gradient.

Figure 00000001
Figure 00000001

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen garagenförmigen Fermenter mit optimierten Bauelementen zur Methanisierung von Biomasse im Batch-Verfahren.The The invention relates to a garage-shaped fermenter with optimized Components for the methanation of biomass in a batch process.

Vorbekannt sind ein Trockenfermentationsverfahren nach EP 09349981 A2 zur Methanisierung von halbfeuchter, schüttfähiger, stapelbarer oder stückigmachbarer, inokulierter Biomasse sowie ein garagenförmiger Bioreaktor der Fa. Bekon/Landshut. Ein weiterer garagenförmiger Fermenter ist aus der EP 023176 A2 bekannt. Dieser Fermenter weist bodenseitig einen Gitterrost auf, auf dem die Biomasse ruht. In funktionaler Hinsicht ist hieran nachteilig, dass eine hohen Hygieneanforderungen genügende Reinigung des Fermenters nur mit erheblichem Aufwand möglich ist.Previously known are a Trockenfermentationsverfahren after EP 09349981 A2 for the methanation of semi-moist, free-flowing, stackable or unitized, inoculated biomass and a garage-shaped bioreactor from Bekon / Landshut. Another garage-shaped fermenter is from the EP 023176 A2 known. This fermenter has on the bottom side a grid on which rests the biomass. In functional terms, this is disadvantageous that a high hygiene requirements sufficient cleaning of the fermenter is possible only with considerable effort.

Die als DE 100 34 279 A1 nachveröffentlichte ältere Anmeldung offenbart einen garagenförmigen Fermenter, dessen Boden ein zum Tor hin geneigtes Gefälle aufweist, wobei in dem Fermenterboden zumindest eine nahe zum Tor angeordnete Ablaufrinne vorgesehen ist.As DE 100 34 279 A1 nachveröffentlichte older application discloses a garage-shaped fermenter, the bottom of which has a slope inclined towards the gate, wherein in the fermenter bottom at least one arranged close to the gate gutter is provided.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die oben genannten, bereits bekannten Erfindungen in sicherheitstechnischer und funktionaler Sicht wesentlich zu verbessern.It Object of the present invention, the above, already known inventions in safety and functional Significantly improve vision.

Bei der vorgestellten Erfindung handelt es sich um einen garagenförmigen Fermenter in Modulbauweise, bei welchem der Fermenterboden (1) im Gegensatz zur vorbekannten Ausführung in Richtung rückwärtige Wand (2) ein Gefälle aufweist. Durch diese Ausführungsform wird verhindert, dass im Sinne einer Gleitschichtbildung Biomasse in Richtung auf das Tor (3) wandert und so unbeherrschbare statische Belastungen und Unfallgefahren des Tores entstehen.The presented invention is a modular fermentor-shaped fermenter in which the fermenter bottom ( 1 ) in contrast to the previously known embodiment in the direction of the rear wall ( 2 ) has a slope. By means of this embodiment, it is prevented that biomass in the direction of the gate ( 3 ) and so uncontrollable static loads and accident hazards of the gate arise.

Eine weitere Besonderheit stellt eine zusätzliche mittige Ablaufrinne (4) dar, die so im Fermenterboden eingesetzt ist, dass beiderseits sich ein Gefälle zur Mitte ergibt. Eine derartige Anordnung bringt den Vorteil einer zentralen Perkolatentsorgung und einer Schubentlastung für die Seitenwände.Another special feature is an additional central gutter ( 4 ), which is inserted in the fermenter bottom so that on both sides there is a gradient to the center. Such an arrangement provides the advantage of central percolate removal and thrust relief for the sidewalls.

In der vorbekannten Erfindung wird Abgas eines Verbrennungsmotors zum Fluten des geschlossenen Fermenters verwendet und das Öffnen geschieht erst, wenn eine Sauerstoffsonde die völlige Sauerstofffreiheit signalisiert. In der vorliegenden Erfindung wird über ein leistungsfähiges, zeitgesteuertes Sauggebläse (5) an der rückwertigen Wand das Methangas/CO2-Gemisch während der Vorbereitungs- und Entleerungsphase des Fermenters abgesaugt und gleichzeitig strömt über eine ausreichend dimensionierte Luftöffnung (6) Frischluft nach. Diese Anordnung bringt den Vorteil, auf eine Sauerstoffsensorik verzichten und die Entleerungsarbeiten stets in einem optimalen abgasarmen Milieu durchführen zu können.In the prior art invention exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine is used to flood the closed fermenter and the opening occurs only when an oxygen probe signals the complete oxygen freedom. In the present invention, a powerful, time-controlled suction fan ( 5 ) sucked off the methane gas / CO2 mixture during the preparation and emptying phase of the fermenter at the rear wall and at the same time flows over a sufficiently dimensioned air opening ( 6 ) Fresh air after. This arrangement has the advantage of dispense with an oxygen sensor and perform the emptying work always in an optimal low-emission environment.

In der vorbekannten Ausführung werden die Spülgase direkt in die Atmosphäre abgegeben, während in der vorliegenden Erfindung diese einen Biofilter (7) passieren müssen, um Geruchsemissionen zu reduzieren.In the previously known embodiment, the purge gases are discharged directly into the atmosphere, while in the present invention, these a biofilter ( 7 ) have to pass to reduce odor emissions.

In der vorbekannten Erfindung wird der Gasverbraucher Biogasdruck-gesteuert betrieben, so daß auf einen eigenen Gasspeicher verzichtet wird. Die vorliegende Erfindung bedient sich eines Seitendruckverdichters (Sauggebläse) (5), welcher das Biogas aus dem Fermenter absaugt und in einen eigenen Druckspeicher (8) einpumpt. Nach Überschreiten eines einstellbaren Überdrucks kann Reservegas in einem herkömmlichen Folienspeicher (9) zwischengelagert werden. Durch den entstehenden Unterdruck im Fermenter kann die experimentell bei Unterdruck nachgewiesene erhöhte Methanproduktion genutzt werden und durch die gleichmäßige Druckbeaufschlagung des BHKW (10) die Lebensdauer des Motors verbessert werden.In the prior art invention, the gas consumer biogas pressure-operated, so that is dispensed with a separate gas storage. The present invention uses a side pressure compressor (suction fan) ( 5 ), which sucks the biogas from the fermenter and into its own pressure accumulator ( 8th ). After an adjustable overpressure has been exceeded, reserve gas can be stored in a conventional film store ( 9 ) be stored. Due to the resulting negative pressure in the fermenter, the experimentally proven at negative pressure increased methane production can be used and by the uniform pressurization of the CHP ( 10 ) the life of the engine can be improved.

Während die vorbekannte Erfindung keine Möglichkeit zur Einspeisung von Cofermenten vorsieht, ist in der vorliegenden Erfindung eine externe Einspeisemöglichkeit (11) verflüssigungsfähiger Cofermente vorgesehen. Die Vorrichtung ist auch dahin erweiterungsfähig, daß spezielle Zerkleinerungs- und Vermusungswerkzeuge (12) die Cofermente nutzungsgerecht aufbereiten. Der aufbereitete Cofermentstrom wird direkt in den rezirkulierten Perkolatstrom eingespeist und somit über die gesamte Oberfläche der Biomasse verteilt.While the prior art invention does not provide for the possibility of feeding in co-oxygenates, in the present invention an external feed-in option (US Pat. 11 ) liquefiable Cofermente provided. The device is also expandable to the extent that special shredding and grinder tools ( 12 ) prepare the coferments in accordance with their intended use. The treated coferment stream is fed directly into the recirculated percolate stream and thus distributed over the entire surface of the biomass.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung zeigen die nachfolgenden Zeichnungen: Es zeigt:Further Show details, features and advantages of the present invention the following drawings: It shows:

1 zeigt schematisch einen Schnitt durch einen Fermenter; 1 schematically shows a section through a fermenter;

2 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer Biogasanlage gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung; 2 shows a schematic representation of a biogas plant according to the present invention;

3 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung der Gasabsaugung und eines Biofilters; 3 shows a schematic representation of the gas suction and a biofilter;

4 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung der Biogasanlage gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung; 4 shows a schematic representation of the biogas plant according to the present invention;

5 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer Einspeisevorrichtung gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung; 5 shows a schematic representation of a feed device according to the present invention;

6 zeigt erste Ausführungsform einer Biogasanlage gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung; 6 shows first embodiment of a biogas plant according to the present invention;

7 zeigt eine Außenansicht der Fermenter; 7 shows an external view of the fermenter;

8 zeigt eine weitere Außenansicht der Fermenter. 8th shows another external view of the fermenter.

11
Fermenterbodenbottom of the fermenter
22
Rückwärtige WandRear wall
33
Torgate
44
Mittige Ablaufrinnecenter gutter
55
Sauggebläseaspirator
66
Luftöffnungair opening
77
Biofilterbiofilter
88th
Druckspeicheraccumulator
99
Folienspeicherfilm storage
1010
BHKWCHP
1111
Einspeisevorrichtungfeed device
1212
Zerkleinerungs- und Zermusungswerkzeugecomminution and crunching tools

Claims (10)

Garagenförmiger Biogasfermenter zur Methanisierung von Biomasse, mit einem Fermenterboden (1), Wänden und einem Tor (3), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Fermenterboden (1) in Richtung rückwärtige, dem Tor (3) gegenüberliegende Wand (2) ein Gefälle aufweist.Garage-shaped biogas fermenter for the methanation of biomass, with a fermenter bottom ( 1 ), Walls and a gate ( 3 ), characterized in that the fermenter bottom ( 1 ) towards the rear, the gate ( 3 ) opposite wall ( 2 ) has a slope. Garagenförmiger Biogasfermenter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Fermenterboden (1) eine an der rückwärtigen Wand (2) angelegte Ablaufrinne besitzt.Garage-shaped biogas fermenter according to claim 1, characterized in that the fermenter bottom ( 1 ) one on the rear wall ( 2 ) has attached drainage channel. Garagenförmiger Biogasfermenter nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Fermenterboden (1) ein zur Längsmitte verlaufendes Gefälle aufweist.Garage-shaped biogas fermenter according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the fermenter bottom ( 1 ) has a slope extending to the longitudinal center. Garagenförmiger Biogasfermenter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Fermenterboden in Längsmitte eine Ablaufrinne (4) angelegt ist.Garage-shaped biogas fermenter according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the fermenter bottom in the longitudinal center of a gutter ( 4 ) is created. Garagenförmiger Biogasfermenter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erzeugte Biogas mit einem Seitenverdichtungsgebläse (5) abgesaugt wird.Garage-shaped biogas fermenter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the biogas produced with a side compression blower ( 5 ) is sucked off. Garagenförmiger Biogasfermenter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erzeugte Biogas in einem kombinierten Druck- (8)/Folienspeicher (9) gelagert wird.Garage-shaped biogas fermenter according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the biogas produced in a combined pressure ( 8th ) / Foil memory ( 9 ) is stored. Garagenförmiger Biogasfermenter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine externe Einspeisevorrichtung (11) für Cofermente vorgesehen ist.Garage-shaped biogas fermenter according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an external feed device ( 11 ) is intended for Cofermente. Garagenförmiger Biogasfermenter nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Aufbereitungswerkzeuge (12) integriert sind.Garage-shaped biogas fermenter according to claim 7, characterized in that processing tools ( 12 ) are integrated. Garagenförmiger Biogasfermenter nach einem der Ansprüche 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Cofermente in den Perkolatstrom gleichmäßig eingespeist werden.Garage shaped Biogas fermenter according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the coferments fed evenly into the percolate stream become. Garagenförmiger Biogasfermenter nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Cofermente gleichmäßig über die Biomasseoberfläche verteilt werden.Garage shaped Biogas fermenter according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the coferments evenly over the biomass surface be distributed.
DE10050623A 2000-10-12 2000-10-12 Garage-shaped fermenter for solid methanation Expired - Fee Related DE10050623B4 (en)

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DE10050623A DE10050623B4 (en) 2000-10-12 2000-10-12 Garage-shaped fermenter for solid methanation
JP2002534475A JP3913676B2 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-10 Garage type biogas fermenter to extract methane gas from biomass
PCT/EP2001/011696 WO2002031104A2 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-10 Garage shaped biogas fermenter for the methanisation of biomasse
AU2002221665A AU2002221665A1 (en) 2000-10-12 2001-10-10 Garage shaped biogas fermenter for the methanisation of biomasse

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DE10050623B4 true DE10050623B4 (en) 2010-07-29

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WO2012079735A2 (en) 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Bioferm Gmbh Method and plant for the methanation of biomass
DE102012015908A1 (en) 2012-08-10 2014-05-15 Jan Kuclo Continuous biochemical conversion of biomass for producing biogas with large optimization of the conversion method into narrow boundaries provided by the surrounding, comprises e.g. preparing and heating the biomass into a charging lock

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DE20318783U1 (en) * 2003-12-01 2005-04-21 Lutz, Peter Large-scale fermenter, to form a biogas from a biomass for a power station, comprises a support structure to carry a film shrouding which is gas tight for batch processing
DE202005014176U1 (en) 2005-09-08 2006-10-26 Bekon Energy Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Bioreactor for methanation of biomass, comprises flap, lockable gas-tight septic tank for storing the biomass, and support device arranged behind the flap for filling the biomass into the septic tank
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DE102007029700A1 (en) 2007-06-27 2009-01-08 Michael Feldmann Biomass power plant
DE102007038870A1 (en) * 2007-08-16 2009-02-19 Joachim Kausch Operating a solid fermentation plant with a discontinuously operable solid fermenter for the fermentation of organic solids to produce biogas e.g. methane, comprises flowing-through the solid fermenter from top to bottom with a percolate
DE102007044336A1 (en) 2007-09-17 2009-03-19 Kübler, Werner Fermenter for methanation of biomass, comprises an intermediate base, which is slanted and liquid tight so that a floating layer is formed, and which has a support wall so that the conveying direction of the biomass is predetermined
JP4615052B2 (en) * 2008-03-18 2011-01-19 富雄 長井 Manufacturing method of methane gas and compost using biomass resources
FR2947560B1 (en) * 2009-07-02 2012-11-16 Enerbiom REACTOR FOR THE METHANIZATION OF BIOMASS
DE102010017818A1 (en) 2010-02-17 2011-08-18 Meissner, Jan A. Process and plant for the production of CBM (Compressed BioMethane) as greenhouse gas-free fuel
KR101223414B1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2013-01-17 유니슨이테크 주식회사 Fermentation reactor of Bio gas assemble apparatus and the assemble method using anaerobic digestion of livestock excretions
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DE102014105185A1 (en) * 2013-07-19 2015-01-22 Peter Lutz Biogas plant for the production of biogas from biomass and a process for its operation
KR101525179B1 (en) * 2014-04-24 2015-06-04 주식회사 트리렉스 A Anaerobic Digestor
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EP0023176A2 (en) * 1979-07-19 1981-01-28 S.E.T.A.L. Société D'Etudes Techniques Aquitaine-Languedoc Fermentation unit for the production of methane from plants
DE19719323A1 (en) * 1997-05-08 1998-11-12 Rudolf Dipl Ing Loock Batch tunnel fermentation of biowastes comprises combining aerobic and anaerobic treatments
DE10034279A1 (en) * 2000-07-14 2002-02-21 Bekon Umweltschutz & Energiete Reactor for biomass methanization comprises a sealable and heatable container which is provided with means for biogas withdrawal and liquid drainage

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012079735A2 (en) 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Bioferm Gmbh Method and plant for the methanation of biomass
DE102010054676A1 (en) 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Bioferm Gmbh Process and plant for the methanation of biomass
DE102012015908A1 (en) 2012-08-10 2014-05-15 Jan Kuclo Continuous biochemical conversion of biomass for producing biogas with large optimization of the conversion method into narrow boundaries provided by the surrounding, comprises e.g. preparing and heating the biomass into a charging lock

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JP3913676B2 (en) 2007-05-09
JP2004511331A (en) 2004-04-15

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