DE10030775C1 - Fluid dosing method for gas generation device for fuel cell system uses central 3-way mixing valve for pulsed dosing of hydrocarbon and water in alternation - Google Patents
Fluid dosing method for gas generation device for fuel cell system uses central 3-way mixing valve for pulsed dosing of hydrocarbon and water in alternationInfo
- Publication number
- DE10030775C1 DE10030775C1 DE10030775A DE10030775A DE10030775C1 DE 10030775 C1 DE10030775 C1 DE 10030775C1 DE 10030775 A DE10030775 A DE 10030775A DE 10030775 A DE10030775 A DE 10030775A DE 10030775 C1 DE10030775 C1 DE 10030775C1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- water
- hydrocarbon
- dosing
- nozzle
- fuel cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0625—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material in a modular combined reactor/fuel cell structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
- B01F23/49—Mixing systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/80—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed
- B01F35/83—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by controlling the ratio of two or more flows, e.g. using flow sensing or flow controlling devices
- B01F35/833—Flow control by valves, e.g. opening intermittently
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D11/00—Control of flow ratio
- G05D11/02—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material
- G05D11/13—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D11/131—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means by measuring the values related to the quantity of the individual components
- G05D11/133—Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means by measuring the values related to the quantity of the individual components with discontinuous action
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/59—Mixing reaction ingredients for fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Dosierung von Flüssigkeiten nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a method for dosing liquids according to the preamble of claim 1.
Brennstoffzellensysteme besitzen eine Gaserzeugungseinrichtung, in denen Kohlenwas serstoffe mit Luft und Wasser vermischt und zu einem wasserstoffreichen Synthesegas für die Brennstoffzellenreaktion umgewandelt werden. Zur Dosierung der Kohlenwasserstoffe werden in der Regel bekannte Dralldüsen eingesetzt. Diese verteilen den Kohlenwasser stoff bei der Einspritzung sehr fein. Dabei wird die Durchflussmenge des Kohlenwasser stoffs bestimmt durch die Düsenöffnung und den Vordruck. Bei sehr geringen Durchfluss mengen sind beispielsweise sehr kleine Düsenöffnungen und ein hoher Flüssigkeitsdruck erforderlich, um noch eine ausreichend hohe Feinverteilung des Kohlenwasserstoffs zu erreichen. Eine zu geringe Düsenöffnung kann zum Verstopfen der Düse führen.Fuel cell systems have a gas generating device in which coal water mixed with air and water and into a hydrogen-rich synthesis gas for the fuel cell reaction are converted. For dosing the hydrocarbons Known swirl nozzles are generally used. These distribute the hydrocarbon very fine material during injection. The flow rate of the hydro determined by the nozzle opening and the pre-pressure. With very low flow quantities are, for example, very small nozzle openings and high liquid pressure required to ensure a sufficiently high fine distribution of the hydrocarbon to reach. If the nozzle opening is too small, the nozzle may become blocked.
Besonders bei Verbrennungsmotoren wird ein pulsierendes System eingesetzt, bei dem die Öffnungszeit und Pulsdauer mit Hilfe einer Düsennadel variiert wird. Wegen der Pulsa tion muss in der begrenzten Zeit, in der die Düse geöffnet ist, mehr Kraftstoff durchfließen. Dadurch kann eine verhältnismäßig größere Düsenöffnung verwendet werden, die wieder um mehr Betriebssicherheit bietet.A pulsating system is used especially in internal combustion engines, in which the opening time and pulse duration is varied using a nozzle needle. Because of the pulsa tion must flow through more fuel in the limited time that the nozzle is open. This allows a relatively larger nozzle opening to be used to provide more operational security.
Bei Gaserzeugungseinrichtungen für Brennstoffzellensysteme, sogenannten Reformern zur Herstellung von Wasserstoff, wird zusätzlich noch Wasser eingespritzt. Die über min destens eine zusätzliche Düse eingebrachte Wassermenge ist abhängig vom Verfahrens prozess, jedoch üblicherweise größer als die Durchflussmenge des Kohlenwasserstoffs. Aus der DE 196 48 995 A1 ist es bereits bekannt, das Wasser zum Brenngas einer Brenn stoffzelle vor der Mischung mit der Verbrennungsluft zuzuführen. Sowohl die DE 198 40 216 A1 als auch die DE 199 09 935 A1 enthalten Reformierungseinrichtungen für Brenn stoffzellen, bei denen ein flüssiger Kohlenwasserstoff zusammen mit Wasser als Mi schungslösung vorliegt und einem Reaktionsraum zugegeben wird.In gas generating devices for fuel cell systems, so-called reformers to produce hydrogen, water is additionally injected. The over min at least an additional amount of water introduced depends on the process process, but usually greater than the flow rate of the hydrocarbon. From DE 196 48 995 A1 it is already known to convert the water into a combustible gas feed the fuel cell before mixing with the combustion air. Both DE 198 40 216 A1 as well as DE 199 09 935 A1 contain reforming devices for burning fabric cells in which a liquid hydrocarbon together with water as Mi Solution is present and is added to a reaction chamber.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, besonders im Teillastbetrieb eines Reformers für Brennstoffzellensysteme kleinste Flüssigkeitsmengen zu dosieren.The invention has for its object, especially in the partial load operation of a reformer dosing the smallest amounts of liquid for fuel cell systems.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dies mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Vorteilhaf te Weiterbildungen sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen.According to the invention this is solved with the features of claim 1. Advantageous Further training can be found in the subclaims.
Das Verfahren zur Flüssigkeitsdosierung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Kohlenwasserstoff und Wasser über eine gemeinsame Düse in die Gaserzeugungseinrich tung dosiert bzw. in den Reformer eines Brennstoffzellensystems eingebracht werden. vor Vor dieser Einspritzung werden dabei Kohlenwasserstoff und Wasser stromaufwärts der Düse über eine Regeleinrichtung abwechselnd pulsierend zudosiert, so dass eine genaue Mischung von Kohlenwasserstoff und Wasser entsteht und bevor das Gemisch die Düse erreicht. Dazu wird die Kohlenwasserstoff- und Wasserzufuhr zur Düse mit einem zentra len, stromaufwärts angeordneten Dreiwege-Magnetventil geregelt. Alternativ dazu kann zur Regelung der Durchflußmenge auch jeweils ein Magnetventil in der entsprechenden Zu fuhrleitung für Kohlenwasserstoff und Wasser eingesetzt werden.The method for dosing liquid is characterized in that Hydrocarbon and water through a common nozzle in the gas generating device tion dosed or introduced into the reformer of a fuel cell system. in front Before this injection, hydrocarbon and water are upstream of the Nozzle alternately metered in pulsating manner via a control device, so that an exact Mixture of hydrocarbon and water is created and before the mixture the nozzle reached. For this, the hydrocarbon and water supply to the nozzle is controlled with a zentra len, upstream three-way solenoid valve controlled. Alternatively, the Regulation of the flow rate also a solenoid valve in the corresponding Zu Guide line for hydrocarbon and water are used.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird an einem Reformer der Aufbau hinsichtlich der Regelung der Stoffströme vereinfacht. In der Zeit, in der das Dreiwege-Magnetventil für den Kohlenwasserstoff geschlossen ist, kann über den anderen Eingang Wasser zugege ben werden. Die Öffnungszeit und Pulsdauer an der Düse wird in einer bevorzugten Aus führungsform mit Hilfe einer Düsennadel nach den bekannten Verfahren variiert. Die Ge fahr, dass es bei der Zerstäubung von sehr kleinen Flüssigkeitsmengen zum Verstopfen einer Düse kommt, verringert sich in Verbindung mit einem pulsierenden Gesamtsystem deutlich. Es wird in allen Betriebszuständen eine gegenüber herkömmlichen Verfahren größere Flüssigkeitsmenge über die Düsenöffnung geleitet, welche dann selbst im Teil lastbereich größere Querschnitte als bei der Einspritzung einzelner Stoffströme freigibt. Somit entsteht eine gute Lastspreizung am Reformer, d. h. gleichfalls ein weiter Modulati ons- bzw. Einsatzbereich für die nachgeschaltete Brennstoffzelle. An einer Gaserzeu gungseinrichtung können auch mehrere Düsen zum erfindungsgemäßen Einbringen von Kohlenwasserstoff und Wasser vorhanden sein.With the method according to the invention, the structure of a reformer is considered the regulation of the material flows simplified. At the time when the three-way solenoid valve for the hydrocarbon is closed, water can be added via the other input be. The opening time and pulse duration at the nozzle is in a preferred off leadership form with the help of a nozzle needle according to the known methods. The Ge drive that it will clog when atomizing very small amounts of liquid a nozzle, decreases in connection with a pulsating overall system clear. In all operating conditions, it becomes a conventional process larger amount of liquid passed through the nozzle opening, which then itself in the part load area larger cross-sections than released with the injection of individual material flows. This creates a good load spread on the reformer, i. H. also another modulati ons or application area for the downstream fuel cell. On a gas generator supply device can also have several nozzles for the introduction of the invention Hydrocarbon and water are present.
Die Zeichnung stellt ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dar. Es zeigt die Zusammen führung der Kohlenwasserstoff- und Wasserströme an einer gemeinsamen Düse: The drawing represents an embodiment of the invention. It shows the together Guiding the hydrocarbon and water flows at a common nozzle:
Fig. 1 mit jeweils einem Magnetventil in der Zufuhrleitung, Fig. 1, each having a solenoid valve in the supply line,
Fig. 2 mit einem zentralen Dreiwege-Magnetventil und Fig. 2 with a central three-way solenoid valve and
Fig. 3 mit dem zeitlichen Verlauf der Einspritzung. Fig. 3 with the time course of the injection.
Mit dem Verfahren zur Dosierung von Flüssigkeiten werden Kohlenwasserstoffe K und Wasser W über eine gemeinsame Düse D in einen Reformer eingespritzt, dort vermischt und zu einem wasserstoffreichen Synthesegas umgewandelt.With the process for dosing liquids, hydrocarbons K and Water W injected through a common nozzle D into a reformer, mixed there and converted to a hydrogen-rich synthesis gas.
Beim Aufbau nach Fig. 1 wird der Kohlenwasserstoff K mit dem Wasser W vollständig ge mischt und das Gemisch danach über eine einzige Düse D getaktet eingespritzt. Mit einer Regeleinrichtung R wird die betreffende Durchflussmenge beeinflußt. Es befindet sich dann jeweils ein angesteuertes Magnetventil M in der entsprechenden Zufuhrleitung für Kohlenwasserstoff K und Wasser W zur gemeinsamen Düse D.In the construction according to Fig. 1 of the hydrocarbon H is mixed with the water W completely ge and the mixture injected thereafter clocked by a single nozzle D. The flow rate in question is influenced by a control device R. There is then a controlled solenoid valve M in the corresponding feed line for hydrocarbon K and water W to the common nozzle D.
Demgegenüber können Kohlenwasserstoff K und Wasser W stromaufwärts der Düse D über eine einzige Regeleinheit auch abwechselnd pulsierend zudosiert werden, bevor die Einspritzung erfolgt. Dies ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Die Zufuhr von Kohlenwasserstoff K und Wasser W zur gemeinsamen Düse D wird in diesem Fall mit einem zentralen, getakteten Dreiwege-Magnetventil M geregelt.In contrast, hydrocarbon K and water W upstream of the nozzle D can also be metered in alternately in a pulsating manner via a single control unit before the injection takes place. This is shown in Fig. 2. In this case, the supply of hydrocarbon K and water W to the common nozzle D is regulated by a central, clocked three-way solenoid valve M.
Fig. 3 zeigt den zeitlichen Verlauf der Einspritzung, d. h. die Aneinanderreihung der einzel nen Impulse. Beim beschriebenen Verfahren ist die Menge des Wassers W immer etwas größer als die des Kohlenwasserstoffs K. Bei herkömmlichen Ausführungen wäre die Düse D nach der Einspritzung des Kohlenwasserstoffs K geschlossen. Dieser Zeitraum wird er findungsgemäß an derselben Düse D für die Einspritzung von Wasser W genutzt. Fig. 3 shows the time course of the injection, that is, the sequence of the individual pulses. In the described method, the amount of water W is always somewhat larger than that of the hydrocarbon K. In conventional designs, the nozzle D would be closed after the injection of the hydrocarbon K. According to the invention, this period of time is used at the same nozzle D for the injection of water W.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10030775A DE10030775C1 (en) | 2000-06-23 | 2000-06-23 | Fluid dosing method for gas generation device for fuel cell system uses central 3-way mixing valve for pulsed dosing of hydrocarbon and water in alternation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10030775A DE10030775C1 (en) | 2000-06-23 | 2000-06-23 | Fluid dosing method for gas generation device for fuel cell system uses central 3-way mixing valve for pulsed dosing of hydrocarbon and water in alternation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE10030775C1 true DE10030775C1 (en) | 2001-12-20 |
Family
ID=7646642
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE10030775A Expired - Fee Related DE10030775C1 (en) | 2000-06-23 | 2000-06-23 | Fluid dosing method for gas generation device for fuel cell system uses central 3-way mixing valve for pulsed dosing of hydrocarbon and water in alternation |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE10030775C1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1391236A2 (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2004-02-25 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec AG | Apparatus and method for mixing two fluids |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19648995A1 (en) * | 1995-10-05 | 1997-04-10 | Magnet Motor Gmbh | Method for regulating the membrane moisture of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and polymer electrolyte fuel cell with device for regulating the membrane moisture |
EP0677327B1 (en) * | 1994-02-18 | 1998-12-23 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Hydrocarbon reforming catalyst material and configuration of the same |
DE19840216A1 (en) * | 1997-09-04 | 1999-03-11 | Aisin Seiki | Fuel cell reforming device |
DE19741331A1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-04-01 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Method and device for cooling in fuel cells |
DE19909935A1 (en) * | 1999-03-06 | 2000-09-07 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Reactor unit used as an autothermal primary reformer for producing hydrogen for fuel cells in vehicles has a feed line emptying into a reaction chamber |
-
2000
- 2000-06-23 DE DE10030775A patent/DE10030775C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0677327B1 (en) * | 1994-02-18 | 1998-12-23 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Hydrocarbon reforming catalyst material and configuration of the same |
DE19648995A1 (en) * | 1995-10-05 | 1997-04-10 | Magnet Motor Gmbh | Method for regulating the membrane moisture of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell and polymer electrolyte fuel cell with device for regulating the membrane moisture |
DE19840216A1 (en) * | 1997-09-04 | 1999-03-11 | Aisin Seiki | Fuel cell reforming device |
DE19741331A1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-04-01 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Method and device for cooling in fuel cells |
DE19909935A1 (en) * | 1999-03-06 | 2000-09-07 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Reactor unit used as an autothermal primary reformer for producing hydrogen for fuel cells in vehicles has a feed line emptying into a reaction chamber |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1391236A2 (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2004-02-25 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec AG | Apparatus and method for mixing two fluids |
EP1391236A3 (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2004-04-28 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec AG | Apparatus and method for mixing two fluids |
EP1640058A2 (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2006-03-29 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec AG | Apparatus and method for mixing two fluids |
EP1640058A3 (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2006-04-05 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec AG | Apparatus and method for mixing two fluids |
US7377685B2 (en) | 2002-08-21 | 2008-05-27 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag | Apparatus and process for mixing at least two fluids |
US8282265B2 (en) | 2002-08-21 | 2012-10-09 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag | Apparatus for mixing at least two fluids in a pulsating manner |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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8100 | Publication of the examined application without publication of unexamined application | ||
D1 | Grant (no unexamined application published) patent law 81 | ||
8363 | Opposition against the patent | ||
8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: BBT THERMOTECHNIK GMBH, 35576 WETZLAR, DE |
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8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: ROBERT BOSCH GMBH, 70469 STUTTGART, DE |
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8365 | Fully valid after opposition proceedings | ||
R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |