CN87104824A - A kind of motor - Google Patents

A kind of motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN87104824A
CN87104824A CN198787104824A CN87104824A CN87104824A CN 87104824 A CN87104824 A CN 87104824A CN 198787104824 A CN198787104824 A CN 198787104824A CN 87104824 A CN87104824 A CN 87104824A CN 87104824 A CN87104824 A CN 87104824A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
brush holder
holder rod
guide pillar
motor
described brush
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN198787104824A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马渊隆一
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mabuchi Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mabuchi Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mabuchi Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Mabuchi Motor Co Ltd
Publication of CN87104824A publication Critical patent/CN87104824A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/14Means for supporting or protecting brushes or brush holders
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38Brush holders
    • H01R39/39Brush holders wherein the brush is fixedly mounted in the holder

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of motor has one and holds the motor casing that magnetic field is used, and one is suitable for the shell end cap that engages with the unlimited end face of motor casing.Shell end covers to be equipped with commutator and forms the wiper mechanism that sliding contact is used.The brush of wiper mechanism is arranged such that under the situation of motor casing and shell end cap joint and keeps sliding contact with commutator, wherein the arm portion of each brush holder rod is made substantially rigid, in order to prevent that when electric power is defeated by brush holder rod brush from producing harmful two-handed sawing movement, and dispose brush is suppressed the spring of using on commutator, increase in order to prevent contact resistance.

Description

Put it briefly, the present invention relates to a kind of motor, specifically, this discovery relates to the motor with this structure: the motor casing that comprises magnetic field engages with the shell end cap that wiper mechanism is housed, wherein will clamp the brush holder rod that brush uses and make substantially rigid, prevent when giving brush holder rod that brush from producing harmful two-handed sawing movement, and prevent that contact resistance from increasing in order to power supply.
Fig. 9 is the sectional arrangement drawing of common pattern motor, and Figure 10 is the cross sectional view of having done along the line X-X ' among Fig. 9, will install to the wiper mechanism that shell end covers with explanation.
The motor of common pattern generally has the structure shown in Fig. 9 Figure 10.Represent columniform motor casing with Ref. No. 1 respectively among the figure, the magnetic field that 2 expressions are formed by one liter of permanent magnet; 3 expression rotors; 4 expression shell end caps; 5 expression commutators; 6 expression rotating shafts; 7 expression bearings; 8 expression brush holder rods; 9 expression Terminal of motor; 10 expression carbon brush; 11 brush holder rod build-up members.
Among the embodiment shown in the figure, brush holder rod 8 usefulness elastic plates are made, and clamp a carbon brush 10 near the one end, and its other end is fixed and is assembled on the shell end cap 4.Brush holder rod 8 is to be made into integration with the Terminal of motor shown in Fig. 9, in order to accept the electric current from Terminal of motor 9.
As mentioned above, when the shell end cap 4 that wiper mechanism is housed engages with the opening end of motor casing 1, force brush holder rod 8 to open up into the position shown in the solid line, keep sliding contact to cause carbon brush 10 and commutator from position shown in dotted lines in Figure 10.
Though use the motor of the common pattern of carbon brush to be suitable for the purposes of higher-wattage, when the motor of this pattern is used for very high-power purposes, can run into following problems:
(A) as shown in figure 10, owing to elasticity brush holder rod structure installs to wiper mechanism on the shell end cap 4 easily, and help a large amount of productions, so this class motor has used this elasticity brush arm 8.Just as shown in Figure 10, this structure is suppressed on commutator 5 surfaces carbon brush and is bent, and rotor rotates in this case.Suppose commutator 5 inhour rotation under the situation shown in Figure 10, at first so that the mode that bend arm 8 extends along arrow a direction among the figure moves carbon brush 10, when brush holder rod 8 extends to extreme limit always, brush 10 is moved along the direction of arrow b indication among the figure, make brush holder rod 8 return to the origin-location.That is to say, carbon brush 10 on commutator 5 surfaces, carry out a kind of as figure in the what is called " two-handed sawing movement " represented of arrow a and b because the result of this two-handed sawing movement, tend to produce harmful spark, thereby become serious problems that obtain the high capacity motor aspect.
(B) problem of discussing in above in order to solve (A) item was imagined the brush holder rod that utilizes a kind of rigidity basically and was replaced above-mentioned elasticity brush holder rod 8, and suppressed on commutator 5 surfaces by means of the spring of separate configurations.In this case, electric current is defeated by brush according to arm through spring.In other words, spring must both have suppresses effect on commutator 5 surfaces with carbon brush 10, and the effect of electric power being defeated by brush holder rod is arranged again.This a difficult problem will occur when selecting suitable spring material.
(C) problem of discussing in above in order to overcome (B) item was only imagined and was given spring with impetus.And electric power is defeated by the rigidity brush holder rod by means of the independent conductive lead wire of a kind of plait shape that is connected to brush holder rod.This layout can solve (A) and (B) in those pointed problems, but be not that a large amount of production technologies aspect is desirable involve welding and other method because lead-in wire is connected to brush holder rod.
(D), dispose a kind of with respect to the columniform conduction brush hand-to-arm grip guide pillar fixing brush holder rod locator of rigidity brush holder rod one end rotationally in order to solve the problem of being discussed in (A) to (C).In this case, utilize the brush holder rod locator that electric power is defeated by brush holder rod, and utilize spring that brush is suppressed on commutator., because electric power is process parts are carried with respect to the position that another parts rotate, problem can appear electrically contacting in this being arranged between brush holder rod locator and the brush holder rod guide pillar.
The present invention is intended to overcome those above-mentioned problems.
First purpose of the present invention provides a kind of motor, and it has one to hold the motor casing that magnetic field is used, and one is suitable for the shell end cap that engages with the unlimited end face of motor casing.Shell end covers to be equipped with commutator and forms the wiper mechanism that sliding contact is used.The brush of wiper mechanism is arranged such that under the situation of motor casing and shell end cap joint and keeps sliding contact with commutator, wherein the arm portion of each brush holder rod is made substantially rigid, in order to prevent that when electric power is defeated by brush holder rod brush from producing harmful two-handed sawing movement, and dispose brush is suppressed the spring of using on commutator, increase in order to prevent contact resistance.
Second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of motor, wherein an end of each brush holder rod accompanies a carbon brush, its other end has a brush holder rod locator, and the shell end cap is equipped with the brush holder rod guide pillar of conduction, and the brush holder rod locator is made into a kind of round tube shape of the brush holder rod of obvolvent basically guide pillar; Brush holder rod guide pillar and brush holder rod locator keep in touch.Thereby form 2 contacts on a kind of cross section.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention provides a kind of motor, wherein is formed with a bulge loop on brush holder rod guide pillar and/or the brush holder rod locator, in order to guarantee reliable 2 contacts.
The 4th purpose of the present invention provides a kind of motor, the tangential part of cross section that wherein is formed on the brush holder rod locator constitutes a circular arc, the diameter of this circular arc makes that greater than the diameter that is formed on the bulge loop on the brush holder rod guide pillar part and the bulge loop in the circular arc portion keeps in touch.
The 5th purpose of the present invention provides a kind of motor, wherein the cross section of brush holder rod guide pillar made circle, makes the tangential part of cross section and cross section of bulge loop form at 2 and contacts.
The 6th purpose of the present invention provides a kind of motor, and wherein the brush holder rod locator disposes two at certain intervals lugs to each other; The brush holder rod guide pillar passes the hole on the lug, and forms 2 contacts by spring.
The 7th purpose of the present invention provides a kind of motor, and its medi-spring is a kind of coil spring, and an end of spring is supported by spring base, and the other end of spring is assembled on the brush holder rod regularly, makes brush suppress on commutator by stretching, contracting of spring.
Fig. 1 represents the structure of critical piece of a kind of motor of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the detail drawing of the contact portion of brush holder rod guide pillar and brush arm locator.
Fig. 3 is the zoomed-in view of the main contact portion of brush holder rod guide pillar and brush holder rod locator.
Some changes of structure shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 presentation graphs 1.
Fig. 7 (A), (B) and (C) expression is configured in wiper mechanism some layouts through changing that shell end covers.
A kind of change of the contact portion shown in Fig. 8 presentation graphs 2.
Fig. 9 and Figure 10 represent the structure of common pattern motor.
Among Fig. 1 to Figure 10, represent a cylindrical motor shell with Ref. No. 1 respectively; The magnetic field that 2 expressions are formed by permanent magnet; 3 expression rotors; 4 expression shell end caps; 5 expression commutators, 6 expression rotating shafts; 7 expression bearings; 8 expression brush holder rods; 9 expression Terminal of motor; 10 expression carbon brush; 11 expression brush holder rod build-up members; 12 expression brush holder rod guide pillars; 12a represents bulge loop; 12b represents grand ring; 13 expression spring bases; 14 expression springs; 15 expression brush holder rod locators; 16 expressions are formed on the tangential part on the brush holder rod locator 15; 17 expression screws; 18 expression lugs; And 19 indication window.
Identical with the motor (Figure 10) of common pattern, the shell end cap 4 shown in Fig. 1 also is to engage with as shown in Figure 9 motor casing 1.
Under situation shown in Figure 1.Brush holder rod 8 is rigidity basically, and carbon brush 10 is clipped in an end of nearly brush holder rod, and the other end of brush holder rod disposes brush holder rod locator 15.On the shell end cap 4 conducting post is housed, as brush holder rod guide pillar 12.Brush holder rod locator 15 as shown in fig. 1 has the hollow circular-tube shape of obvolvent brush holder rod guide pillar 12.If the observation cross section, brush holder rod guide pillar 12 keeps in touch with brush holder rod locator 15.These hereinafter also can explain with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.That is to say, even when " gap " occurring between brush arm guide pillar 12 and the brush holder rod locator 15 (locator 15 is by brush holder rod guide pillar 12 rotatably supports), spring 14 also can make brush holder rod 15 suppress on brush holder rod guide pillar 12, is in good the contact to keep brush holder rod locator 15 with brush holder rod guide pillar 12.At this moment in order to add high thrust, the position that spring 14 promotes brush holder rod 8 can be selected in the position of as close as possible brush holder rod guide pillar 12.
Though an end of spring 14 is by spring base 13 supportings (spring base 13 is in identical current potential basically with brush holder rod guide pillar 12), its other end promotes brush holder rod 8, but much less, one end of spring 14 also can be supported by brush holder rod 8, and its other end also can push spring base 13.
Brush holder rod guide pillar 12 passes shell end cap 4, and as the terminal of motor, electric power is defeated by brush holder rod 8 through the contact point of brush holder rod locator 15 and brush holder rod guide pillar 12.Brush holder rod 8 is made rigidity basically, and spring 14 promotes brush holder rod 8, thereby carbon brush 10 is suppressed on the surface of commutator 5.At that time, the locator 15 of brush holder rod 8 is by brush holder rod guide pillar 12 rotatably supports, even also tightly keep sliding contact with the surface of commutator 5 when making carbon brush 10 wearing and tearing.Though except from the brush holder rod guide pillar, contact point through brush holder rod guide pillar 12 and locator 15 leads to outside that current path of brush holder rod 8, also have from brush holder rod guide pillar 12, process spring base 13 and spring 14 lead to another current path of brush holder rod 8, but needless to say, electric power mainly is to carry through brush holder rod locator 15.Can select the position that spring force and spring promote brush holder rod 8,, also needn't change brush 10 and be pressed in thrust on the commutator face, and the brush holder rod locator be pressed in the thrust on the brush holder rod guide pillar 12 even when making carbon brush 10 wearing and tearing.
Fig. 2 is a detail drawing of brush holder rod guide pillar and brush holder rod locator contact portion, and Fig. 3 is a zoomed-in view of major part wherein.Some changes of structure shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 presentation graphs 1.Fig. 7 (A), (B), (C) expression is configured in wiper mechanism some layouts through changing on the shell end.
Among Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, numbering 4,9,12 with 15 corresponding to identical parts among Fig. 1 and Fig. 9.Represent to be formed on bulge loop on the brush holder rod guide pillar 12 with 12a respectively; 16 expressions are formed on according to the tangential part on the brush holder rod locator of the present invention; And 17 the expression screw.
Fig. 3 (A) and Fig. 3 (B) are the viewgraph of cross-section of the amplification made along the line A-A shown in Fig. 2 and B-B respectively.
On brush holder rod locator 15, form tangential part 16 on brush holder rod guide pillar 12 and the bulge loop 12a link position.That is to say that when the cross section observed as Fig. 3 (A) shown in, tangential part 16 and 16 is configured on brush holder rod guide pillar 12 and the position that the annulus of bulge loop 12a formation is connected.For example tangential part 16 and 16 is suitable for making and intersects with 30 ° of angles each other.
Utilize this layout, when spring 14 promotes brush holder rod 8, can know clearly by reference Fig. 1, tangential part 16 and 16 always keeps in touch (when the cross section of observation shown in Fig. 3 (A), forming 2 contacts) along direction and the bulge loop 12a on the brush holder rod guide pillar 12 of arrow P indication among Fig. 3 (A).Do not having under the situation of bulge loop, the present invention can adopt another kind of form (in this case, though when observing cross-sectional view, obviously form 2 contacts, be actually and form the contact of two lines).As shown in Figure 8, also can replace being configured in the bulge loop 12a on the brush holder rod guide pillar 12, and make tangential part 16 and 16 by the protruding grand ring 12b of configuration on the side of brush holder rod locator 15 to brush holder rod guide pillar 12.
And tangential part 16 and 16 needn't have rectilinear form, but can be a kind of arc, and its diameter makes circular arc portion and bulge loop 12a keep in touch greater than the diameter of the formed annulus of bulge loop 12a.In addition, it is circular that the shape of cross section of brush holder rod guide pillar 12 also needs not to be, and can be a kind of shape that can form 2 contacts between the cross section of bulge loop 12a and tangential part 16.
When observing cross-sectional view, shown in the typical structure among Fig. 3 (A), by the tangential at least part 16 and 16 of configuration, and by spring 14, the present invention is suitable for realizing 2 contacts.Promptly be shown in arrow P among Fig. 3 (A), brush holder rod locator 15 is suppressed on brush holder rod guide pillar 12.This does not just worry bad electrical connection, and causes motor stably to rotate.Ref. No. 4,5,7,8,10,12,13,14 and 15 among Fig. 4 (A) and Fig. 4 (B) is corresponding to the same parts among Fig. 1.In structure shown in Fig. 4 (A), be different from the structure shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, brush holder rod guide pillar 12 is made right cylindrical.Fig. 4 (B) is a zoomed-in view of structure major part shown in Fig. 4 (A), shown in Fig. 4 (B), brush holder rod locator 15 has the lug 18 of two uniform distances, have hole 19 and 19 on the lug 18 and 18, brush holder rod guide pillar 12 passes hole 19, makes similarly to the Fig. 2 and the described way of contact of Fig. 3, utilizes the effect of spring 14 to form 2 contacts, spring 14 is to install in the mode of obvolvent brush holder rod guide pillar 12, and it pushes brush holder rod 8 to brush holder rod guide pillar 12.
Ref. No. 4,5,8,10,12,13,14 and 15 among Fig. 5 is corresponding to the same parts among Fig. 1.In the structure shown in Fig. 5, except spring 14 is a kind of coil spring, (thereby as shown in Fig. 2 and the Fig. 3) much at one shown in the way of contact between brush holder rod guide pillar 12 and the brush holder rod locator 15 and Fig. 1.
Ref. No. 4,5,8,10,12,13,14 among Fig. 6 and the same parts in 15 corresponding diagram 1.Structure among Fig. 6 and the structure difference among Fig. 5 are that spring 14 is mounted to the transmission tensile force, rather than transmit compression stress.
These structures are not limited to those embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing.For example, the spring 14 that acts on the brush holder rod 8 shown in Fig. 4 can have the structure shown in Fig. 6, and this structure is made up of spring 14 and spring base 13.
Fig. 7 (A) is assemblied in some changes that wiper mechanism that shell end covers is arranged to Fig. 7 (C) expression, is designated by numeral 4 the shell end cap among the figure respectively, 5 expression commutators, and 8 expression brush holder rods.
As mentioned above, because brush holder rod 8 is given as rigidity (using the experience of common pattern wiper mechanism), the invention enables to prevent that carbon brush from producing harmful two-handed sawing movement.When design brush holder rod material of the present invention, main what consider is conductivity.Select the material of spring preferably should consider conductivity and intrinsic elastic force thereof.Though because brush holder rod 8 is given as rigidity, and since brush holder rod must to be suitable for relative brush holder rod guide pillar rotatable, adapting to the wearing and tearing of brush, and the problem that is electrically connected between brush holder rod guide pillar and the brush holder rod may occur, but can utilize the present invention to solve this difficult problem.Utilize the present invention, the supporting structure of spring is fairly simple, and spring is also as an auxiliary channel of electric current being defeated by brush holder rod.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of motor has and holds the motor case that a magnetic field is used, and a suitable shell end cap that engages with the opening end of described motor casing, and described shell end covers and is equipped with and commutator formation sliding contact wiper mechanism; The brush of described wiper mechanism is arranged such that under described motor casing and situation that described shell end cap engages, form sliding contact with described commutator, it is characterized in that: described wiper mechanism comprises that being installed in described shell end covers the brush holder rod guide pillar, form the brush that sliding contact is used with described commutator, and one end by described brush holder rod guide pillar rotatably support, the brush holder rod of described brush closely is housed on its other end; The arm of described brush holder rod is suitably substantially rigid, has two edges to extend the tangential part that intersects about described brush holder rod guide pillar cross section tangential direction by that brush holder rod locator of the described brush holder rod of described brush holder rod guide pillar rotatably support (with contact with the described brush holder rod locator shape of cross section of part of described brush holder rod guide pillar); Described brush holder rod is electrically connected with Terminal of motor with contacted those points of the tangential part of described cross section of described brush holder rod locator through the cross section of described brush holder rod guide pillar; And the spring base and the openend that dispose for described brush holder rod guide pillar maintenance conduction contact the other end and the contacted spring of described brush holder rod with described spring base.
2, a kind of motor of 1 as requested is characterized in that: described brush holder rod guide pillar forms conducting post, and described brush holder rod locator forms a kind of like this tubular of the described brush holder rod guide pillar of obvolvent substantially; Described brush holder rod guide pillar constitutes at a kind of 2 with the tangential part of the cross section of described brush holder rod locator and contacts.
3, according to a kind of motor of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described brush holder rod guide pillar and 1 or described brush holder rod locator on be formed with bulge loop, to guarantee 2 contacts.
4, according to a kind of motor of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described brush holder rod locator forms the arc of diameter greater than the circle diameter that is configured in the described bulge loop on the described brush holder rod guide pillar; Described arch section is fit to contact with described bulge loop formation.
5, according to a kind of motor of claim 2, it is characterized in that: make a circle at the cross section of described brush holder rod guide pillar, the cross section of this bulge loop forms at 2 with the tangential part of this cross section and contacts.
6, according to a kind of motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: each described institute brush holder rod locator has two equally spaced lugs; Described brush holder rod guide pillar passes the hole of being opened in the described lug.
7, according to a kind of motor of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described spring is a coil spring; One end of described spring is supported by described spring base, and its other end fixedly is assembled on the described brush holder rod, makes described brush utilize the stretching of described spring or compression stress and is suppressed on described commutator.
CN198787104824A 1986-07-10 1987-07-09 A kind of motor Pending CN87104824A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61162697A JPH0728516B2 (en) 1986-07-10 1986-07-10 Motor
JP162697/86 1986-07-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN87104824A true CN87104824A (en) 1988-02-10

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ID=15759579

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN198787104824A Pending CN87104824A (en) 1986-07-10 1987-07-09 A kind of motor

Country Status (5)

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JP (1) JPH0728516B2 (en)
KR (2) KR880002309A (en)
CN (1) CN87104824A (en)
DE (1) DE3722466A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2194687A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100442611C (en) * 2004-06-03 2008-12-10 申克碳化技术股份有限公司 Carbon brush protector
CN103475137A (en) * 2013-09-27 2013-12-25 苏州双航机电有限公司 Motor carbon brush frame

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2119717B1 (en) * 1997-01-27 1999-05-01 Rodriguez Arturo Conde LIFTING DEVICE OF THE N-DE R.P.M. FOR ELECTRIC BRUSH OR CARBON MOTORS FASTENED BY METAL TABS.
DE19725082A1 (en) * 1997-06-13 1999-01-07 Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc Carbon brush for an electrical machine
CN101606305B (en) * 2007-02-06 2012-06-13 马渊马达株式会社 Brush device for motor
DK2369178T3 (en) * 2010-03-26 2016-08-15 Siemens Ag Device for conducting a lightning current in a wind turbine
US20120169177A1 (en) * 2011-01-05 2012-07-05 General Electric Company Induction Motor Brush Holder Assemblies, Apparatus, Systems, and Methods

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US2008466A (en) * 1933-05-26 1935-07-16 Electric Auto Lite Co Brush mounting for dynamoelectric machines
US2905924A (en) * 1953-09-30 1959-09-22 Osborn Mfg Co Electrically conductive brush
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JPS4860398U (en) * 1971-11-09 1973-08-01
DE2546168A1 (en) * 1975-10-15 1977-04-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert SMALL ELECTRIC MACHINE
DE2813956B1 (en) * 1978-03-31 1979-04-26 Siemens Ag Collector motor with a plastic brush support plate that can be fixed in an opening in the motor housing
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JPH0323819Y2 (en) * 1984-11-20 1991-05-23
EP0175993B1 (en) * 1984-09-19 1987-10-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Hammer-type brush holder system for a commutator motor

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100442611C (en) * 2004-06-03 2008-12-10 申克碳化技术股份有限公司 Carbon brush protector
CN103475137A (en) * 2013-09-27 2013-12-25 苏州双航机电有限公司 Motor carbon brush frame

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR880002309A (en) 1988-04-30
DE3722466A1 (en) 1988-01-28
KR910002626Y1 (en) 1991-04-22
JPH0728516B2 (en) 1995-03-29
JPS6318946A (en) 1988-01-26
GB8715805D0 (en) 1987-08-12
GB2194687A (en) 1988-03-09

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