CN86108214A - 有关粒料处理的改良方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
用于处理例如干燥粒料的流动设备包括由向上岔开的墙所界定的流动区。区内的粒料由从分向墙上不同位置供应的气体流动介质流所推动。粒料同时受流动区的下部向上供应的气体加速介质流所支配。在流动区内取得的循环模式包括沿岔开的墙有向下气流,在区的较低部分有向上气流。为了从设备排出粒料,在流动区的上端装上从向上伸展的排出管的、下端向外伸出的罩盖设备。结果是破坏了循环模式,而原料是被空气向上输送到排出管。
Description
本发明涉及粒料的处理方法。本发明特别是适用于处理纤维粒料,如烟草切片。
本文所用的术语“纤维粒料”是指含大部分至少有一长度较其他两度大的颗粒的粒料。由于纤维粒料内存有这种细长的粒颗,因而产生纠缠的倾向。
本文所用的术语“流动作用”是指一个受控制的程序,其中,粒料内的个别颗粒是处于分隔的状态下,使颗粒能较自由的互相移动。对纤维粒料来说,流动作用更进一步使原料完全或大致解开,并维持在解开、各颗粒分隔的状态。
本文所用的术语“流动设备”包括限制流动区的围墙装置,上述墙向上从垂直面岔开,而流动区的水平横切面面积向上增加;在墙装置的多个位置提供气体流动介质的流动喷咀和在流动区的下半部分向上供应气体加速介质的加速喷咀。
流动区的水平横切面可以是下列各种形状,如正方形、长方形、圆形、椭圆形和多边。在流动区内各高度的水平横切面的形状可以相同或不相同。墙装置的垂直横切面可以是直的,换句话说,这墙装置可以在部分或整个向上的范围弯曲(凹凸均可)。假若流动区的水平横切面是正方形或其他装有相对和平行的墙装置的形状,则这些墙最好是根据中间的垂直平面或轴对称成形。假若装置是用来处理烟草切片,则墙的向上扩张角最好在30°的范围以内。
流动区底部的水平横切面最好较顶部的水平横切面小。
墙装置内的流动喷咀宜于以一排细孔的形式出现。多孔墙可与充气室装置联接,使细孔直接相通。
本文所用的述语“一个处理粒料的方法”是指一个方法,其中的粒料如纤维是在流动区内处于流动的状态。该流动区是被向上从纵垂直的面岔开的墙装置所包围。流动区的水平横切面的面积向上增加,并在墙装置的各位置把气体流动介质供应到流动区,因而在所述流动区内形成一个循环***,即在墙装置产生向下气流,在区的下半部则产生向上气流。
最好是从流动区的下半部把气体加速介质向上喷入流动区。
可使用上述方法和流动设备的处理方法包括干燥,湿润、加热、冷却、混合、搅拌、膨胀或加进香料或其他附加剂。处理方法亦可包括化学处理方法。
空气是一种实用的流动介质和加速介质。可把水蒸汽、其他蒸汽或气体直接或与流动和(或)加速介质射入粒料的流动床层。可使用蒸汽、其他蒸汽或气体作流动和(或)加速介质。
当同时使用加速气流和流动气流处理粒料时,流动气流使纤维粒料或其他粒料流动而加速流则可加速粒料流动区的循环和混合。已发现当唯一的气流是一股向上气流,纤维粒料会保持或发生纠缠,同时不能如上文所述般流动。任何一种根据本发明所设计的粒料或流动装置,流动和加速流率均有固定的范围,在范围内控制操作是可能的,使用简单的实验便可很容易确定这些范围。
本发明提供的流动装置包括排出装置,这装置包括排出管装置和能在一个封闭位置和非封闭位置之间移动的罩装置,在上述封闭位置的罩盖提供了一道伸展到流动区上顶的管装置外的气流阻挡层。
排出管装置最好包括第一条固定管和与第一条固定管进行套管滑行的第二条管,罩盖是固定在第二管的末端,并从其中伸展出来。
当罩盖处于封闭位置时,罩盖装置有利的接触流动设备的墙。
罩盖装置的构图可以是扁平的。另一方面,部分装置可以是弯曲或部分弯曲的构型。
本发明也提供了一个处理粒料的方法。其中,把气体加速介质从流动区下部向上输入流动区,并把罩盖装置移到流动区的上部位置,在这位置上,罩盖装置从向上伸展的管装置的开口下端向外伸展,而粒料是通过管装置向上喷射的。
为了使本发明清楚和易于实践,现以实例说明附图,其中:
图1是流动装置的垂直切面图;
图2是图的装置的主要部分透视图;
图3的曲线图显示了使用图1和图2的设备来干燥烟草切片时,容许控制操作的流动气速度(A轴)和加速气速度(B轴)的范围;及
图4与图1的下半部相似,并标示出设备的流动区内的循环模式。
图1和图2的流动设备包括一个向上伸展的正方水平切面外壳1和用数字2-5标明的外壳侧墙。在图2,墙2和3的一部分已被去除。外壳1的下部分6包括向上岔开的墙,其中三面墙在图1和图2均用数字7,8,9表示。线槽10从外壳I的部分6下端向下伸展。
扩散板是置于外壳1内,并与部分6的墙平行,在图1和图2所见的板是用数字11,12,13标明的。每块扩散板的上边均与相应的外壳1侧墙2-5以不透气的方式接触。每一块扩散板包括一列钻孔,在板12的钻孔用14来标示,板13的钻孔则用15来标示。扩散板确定了流动区的范围。
如图1所示,管16穿过线槽10的墙壁,管的顶端和扩散板的会聚端连接。横过管16的上端装有一块管口板17。
流动设备的排出装置包括一个提供排出管装置的第一部分的线槽18和一个提供罩盖装置的活动不透气凸缘部件19。
固定在相对于外壳1的位置上的线槽18从外壳1的一个位置(该位置是垂直在下部6之上)伸展,一直穿过外壳1的上端墙20。
提供排出管第二部份的凸缘部件19是装置在内线槽21的圆周上,即线槽21的下端,并伸展到外壳1的四面侧墙2-5。部件19的外侧边装有编号19′的不透气密封装置。图1所示,部件19是在一个较高的位置,线槽21完全置于线槽18内,附在线槽21上的间隔装置22和23使线槽21线槽18之间留有空隙。
排出装置进一步包括发动凸缘装置19的驱动装置和内线21,处于上、下两部分之间,在图1用虚线所示的下半部刚刚在外壳1的下部6的上面。驱动装置(为简单起见,图2没有标出)可包括如两个气动汽缸和活塞或其他线形传动部件24和25。部件24和25的油缸26和27沿垂直方向固定于外壳1的顶墙20的塞栓30和31,与凸缘部件19连接。
举例说,使用流动设备干燥潮湿烟草切片,把一定数量的烟草放在由四块扩散板所限定的空间内,最好是把烟草由烟草进料装置(图中没有标出)通过线槽18和21引入外壳1。
在较高的位置装置凸缘19,在低压下把暖的流动气输送到线槽10,暖流动气再通到外壳1部分6的墙和辅助扩散板之间的空隙,通过扩散板的钻孔和烟草接触。同时,在低压力的条件下,把上升的暖气输送到管16,暖气向垂直向上的方向喷到烟草进料。当程序开始时,最好在引发加速流前形成流动流。由于流动区的结构,流动气和加速气的供应,可以取得烟草切片的控制流动。这种流动能使延伸的纤维解开和达到接近完美的混合条件。
图3所示的画线面积代表用流动气表面速度(纵坐标A)和加速气表面速度(横坐标B)计算的流动设备控制作区。
图4显示了空气和从流动区取得的挟带烟草颗粒的循环模式。从图中可见沿界定流动区的范围的倾斜墙有向下的气流,在流动区的中央则有向上的气流。循环的模式进一步包括从中央区流出的向外气流。流动床基本上完全处丁由分向床如扩散板所划定的空间,虽然,如图所示,流动床是处于扩散板上端之上的位置。
上述的基本循环模式是由流动流所形成的,加速流能促进其流动。
在设备中,循环气流之上必然加上一股普通向上气流。
如要从流动设备排出烟草,则在汽缸和活塞部件24和25的作用下,把凸缘部件移到较低的位置。当部件19移到较低的位置时,部件19就会封闭了垂直于外壳1,在线槽21下端和外壳1的侧墙2至5之间的空间,因而破坏了上述循环模式。如果是向上气流大量增加,使烟草受气动传递支配,向上通过线槽18和21。可把处于远离外壳1的末端的线槽18连接到空气/烟草分离器(图中没有显示)。
在图1和2,外壳1的墙2至5是垂直伸展的,也可以把墙排列成向下缓缓聚合,使只有当凸缘部件降低到较低,使破坏循环模式的位置时,凸缘部件19的外边才会与墙接触。
Claims (8)
1、流动设备,包括排出装置,所述排出装置包括向上伸展的排出管装置和进一步包括活动于一个封闭位置和一个非封闭位置之间的罩盖装置,所述罩盖于所述封闭位置提供一道从流动区末端的所述管装置向外伸展的气流挡板。
2、按照权利要求1的设备,其中的所述管装置包括第一固定管和可以套叠滑套第一管的第二管装置。
3、按照权利要求1或2的设备,其中,所述罩盖装置是固定在所述管装置上。
4、按照权利要求1,2或3的设备,其中,当所述罩盖是在封闭位置时,所述罩盖的外边与所述设备的墙接触。
5、按照上述任何一项权利要求的设备,其中,所述排出装置进一步包括能推动处于封闭和非封闭位置之间的所述凸缘装置的驱动装置。
6、一个处理粒料的方法,其中,将气体加速介质从流动区的下部向上供应到流动区和将罩盖装置移到流动区的较高位置,在这位置上,罩盖装置从向上伸展的管装置的较低的、敞开的末端向外伸展,其中的粒料被空气向上传送通过管装置。
7、流动设备大致上根据附图1、2、4所描述。
8、一个从流动设备排出粒料的方法,大致根据附图叙述一样。
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GB8530020 | 1985-12-05 | ||
GB858530020A GB8530020D0 (en) | 1985-12-05 | 1985-12-05 | Treatment of particulate materials |
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CN86108214A true CN86108214A (zh) | 1987-07-08 |
CN86108214B CN86108214B (zh) | 1988-05-11 |
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US (1) | US4815482A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0225760A3 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPS62155932A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN86108214B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU588182B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1272096A (zh) |
DK (1) | DK583186A (zh) |
GB (1) | GB8530020D0 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK27890A (zh) |
MY (1) | MY100212A (zh) |
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ZA (1) | ZA868814B (zh) |
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CN114857877A (zh) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-05 | 钟泽宇 | 一种茶叶加工用热风循环烘干装置 |
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GB8822723D0 (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1988-11-02 | Rothmans Int Tobacco | Method & apparatus for separation of objectionable particles from tobacco material |
CA2011123A1 (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1990-09-17 | Richard M. Henderson | Method of and apparatus for determining stem content of baled tobacco |
DE4117329A1 (de) * | 1991-05-27 | 1992-12-03 | Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh | Trocknungsverfahren zur fuellfaehigkeitssteigerung von tabakmaterial und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens |
DE102007041427A1 (de) | 2007-08-31 | 2009-03-05 | Outotec Oyj | Verfahren und Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung von feinkörnigen Feststoffen |
CN102641695B (zh) * | 2012-04-28 | 2014-03-26 | 北京林业大学 | 一种用于环形流化床反应器内的循环增速管 |
FR3041507B1 (fr) * | 2015-09-25 | 2019-08-30 | Ltr Industries | Tabac reconstitue pour les dispositifs chauffant le tabac sans le bruler |
US10065242B1 (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2018-09-04 | King Saud University | Adjustable build envelope for powder bed fusion machines |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1151577B (it) * | 1982-06-03 | 1986-12-24 | Italiana Essiccatoi | Procedimento e relativa apparecchiatura per essiccare materiali polverulenti in genere |
GB8501959D0 (en) * | 1985-01-25 | 1985-02-27 | British American Tobacco Co | Treatment of tobacco |
-
1985
- 1985-12-05 GB GB858530020A patent/GB8530020D0/en active Pending
-
1986
- 1986-11-20 ZA ZA868814A patent/ZA868814B/xx unknown
- 1986-11-21 PH PH34512A patent/PH24330A/en unknown
- 1986-11-24 EP EP86309142A patent/EP0225760A3/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-11-26 MY MYPI86000140A patent/MY100212A/en unknown
- 1986-11-28 AU AU65803/86A patent/AU588182B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-12-03 JP JP61288645A patent/JPS62155932A/ja active Pending
- 1986-12-04 US US06/938,023 patent/US4815482A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-12-04 CA CA000524575A patent/CA1272096A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-12-04 DK DK583186A patent/DK583186A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-12-05 CN CN86108214A patent/CN86108214B/zh not_active Expired
-
1990
- 1990-04-12 HK HK278/90A patent/HK27890A/xx unknown
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103211301A (zh) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-07-24 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种流化床式烟梗颗粒喂料装置及其喂料方法 |
CN103727745A (zh) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 吴江市俊成精密机械有限公司 | 一种振动流化床干燥器 |
CN114425553A (zh) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-05-03 | 陕西东鑫垣化工有限责任公司 | 一种氢氧化镁固废的提纯精制方法及搅拌干燥设备 |
CN114857877A (zh) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-05 | 钟泽宇 | 一种茶叶加工用热风循环烘干装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK583186A (da) | 1987-06-06 |
EP0225760A2 (en) | 1987-06-16 |
AU6580386A (en) | 1987-06-11 |
ZA868814B (en) | 1987-07-29 |
GB8530020D0 (en) | 1986-01-15 |
CN86108214B (zh) | 1988-05-11 |
HK27890A (en) | 1990-04-20 |
US4815482A (en) | 1989-03-28 |
PH24330A (en) | 1990-05-29 |
MY100212A (en) | 1990-05-29 |
DK583186D0 (da) | 1986-12-04 |
AU588182B2 (en) | 1989-09-07 |
EP0225760A3 (en) | 1989-12-27 |
JPS62155932A (ja) | 1987-07-10 |
CA1272096A (en) | 1990-07-31 |
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