CN86106289A - Reversible differential stepless variable speed gear - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind ofly utilize differential gear train to carry out stepless change and change the device turn to, when input shaft kept running up, output shaft can realize just changeing easily-the stepless change requirement of zero-counter-rotating.The present invention drives the rotating speed that a mechanical continuously-variable transmission is controlled another central gear (5) by the input shaft (9) of 2K-H type differential gear train.Rotate relatively independently two central gears (2), (5), when switched in opposite, if their linear velocity equates, then not revolution of planet wheel, tie-rod H or output shaft are motionless, if their linear velocity does not wait, tie-rod is with the linear velocity direction rotation of a central gear faster.

Description

The present invention relates to a kind of stepless speed-regulating device, particularly a kind ofly utilize differential gear train to carry out stepless change and change the device turn to.

Differential gear train now is used for the stepless change transmission by people, because this device can change rotating speed continuously reposefully under the on-load state, therefore mechanism and uncomplicated in addition has an extensive use industrial.A kind of 2K-H type is arranged in the differential gear train, and it is made up of two central gears (2K) and three basic building blocks of a tie-rod (H).This mechanism has two mobilities, and it must have two driving links that the motion of determining just can be arranged.When in three members during given wherein two speed drive shaft, the rotating speed of its driven shaft is the synthetic of two driving shaft rotating speeds in other words.General two central gears that adopt two common AC motor to drive differential gear train respectively of prior art obtain several different rotating speeds thereby drive tie-rod.Also have in two drive motor and to adopt a small-power direct current generator to realize speed change, this class device all will be used two motors and control respectively, do not having motor or using under the situation of motor inconvenience, will realize that as internal-combustion engine this stepless change control is then relatively more difficult.Especially the inventor notices and utilizes differential gear train to realize infinite variable speed example of clockwise and anticlockwise zero passage and argumentation at present as yet.

The Zero-cross stepless speed variator that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of differential gear train, when input shaft kept running up, output shaft can be realized just changeing-zero-speed-counter-rotating easily, and was stepless change.

The present invention is according to the rotating speed equation of 2K-H type differential gear train, through mathematical derivation, draw as draw a conclusion (derivation is omitted): for 2K-H type differential gear train, when inside and outside central gear switched in opposite, if the linear velocity of interior foreign steamer equates, then planet wheel has only rotation, not revolution, and (H) is motionless for tie-rod; When interior foreign steamer linear velocity did not wait, the then existing rotation of planet wheel had revolution again, and tie-rod (H) has motion.When interior central gear linear velocity is big, the turning to of tie-rod with interior central gear; When outer central gear speed is big, the turning to of tie-rod with outer central gear.

According to above inference, solution of the present invention is: the input shaft by 2K-H type differential gear train drives the rotating speed that a mechanical variable-speed unit is controlled another central gear.That is and the joining input shaft of a central gear and need to have directly to be transfused to shaft-driven mechanical continuously-variable transmission between another central gear of control rotating speed.

The concrete mechanical variable-speed unit and the kind of drive can have varied.

More than said stepless speed variator can be a friction wheel speed changer that moves radially along the central gear that needs the control rotating speed.

More than an also polydisc stepless speed variator of said stepless speed variator.

More than said stepless speed variator can also be chain type or the stepless transmission of belt type.

Below with reference to accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 is the friction wheel stepless speed variator of differential gear train.

Fig. 2 is the polydisc stepless speed variator of differential gear train.

Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional drawing.

Fig. 4 is the working principle diagrammatic sketch of B-B section wobble gear.

Referring to Fig. 1, drive a pair of umbrella gear (1), (3) and friction wheel (6) with the joining input shaft of central gear (2) (9) and rotate.Friction wheel (6) can slide up and down along splined shaft (7), contacts and is adjacent to the point of central gear (5) side different radii, thereby play the effect of speed governing.The rotation direction of wheel (5) is opposite with the rotation direction of input shaft (9).Here just certainly exist a specified point, two central gear linear velocities are equated, this moment, the tie-rod rotating speed was zero.If friction wheel (6) moves to wheel (5) cylindrical gradually from specified point, then this wheel infinitely slows down.At this moment tie-rod H is that zero stepless speedup is to certain value from speed.Otherwise when getting back to specified point, the speed of tie-rod is stepless again to decelerate to zero.In above slewing range, the output shaft rotation direction is identical with the input shaft rotation direction.If friction wheel from specified point when the axle center is mobile gradually, the stepless speedup of central gear (5), and tie-rod H also from the stepless speedup of zero-speed to certain value.The difference of this and above speedup situation only is that tie-rod moving direction is opposite, also is that the rotation direction of output shaft and input shaft is opposite.We just can change the direction of output shaft easily like this, and can realize stepless speedup or deceleration.Present embodiment comes down to a differential gear train and the mechanism with new transport characteristics that the friction wheel stepless speed variator combines, as long as each member is selected suitable parameter for use, can realize just commentaries on classics, zero-speed and the counter-rotating of output shaft, and be the speed-change process of stepless continuous.Be that motion with input shaft is divided into two-way in this example, the friction wheel of umbrella gear and wounded in the battle key of leading up to passes to central gear (5), and another road drives central gear (2).These two central gears rotate relatively independently, have synthesized the rotation of planet wheel (4) jointly, also are the rotation of tie-rod.

Referring to Fig. 2, input shaft (9) drives a polydisc stepless speed variator and rotates, owing to compress with spring (12) between the friction plate (11), the gap between them can change.Along with the variation of wobble-plate (16) inserted depth, velocity ratio just changes, and plays the effect of stepless speed regulation.This polydisc stepless speed variator be contained in wobble gear (14) on the splined shaft when changing the depth of engagement, make arc swing around the center of fixed axis gear (10) simultaneously, to guarantee the correct engagement with fixed gear (10).Drive fixed gear (10) by this stepless speed regulation mode, obtain various required rotating speeds thereby drive central gear (5).This many dish rub speed changer is a prior art, just can realize clockwise and anticlockwise stepless speed regulation with the differential gear train combination.Fixed axis gear among the figure and wobble gear are two pairs.In this example, in order to share bigger load and to reduce unbalance inertia force, can increase the number of planet wheel, for example 2～4.

Said differential gear train both can be a gear among the present invention, also can be friction wheel.

According to the differential gear train speed changer of above design design, can effectively realize the infinitely variable speeds requirement of forward-zero-counter-rotating, because this characteristics will make it obtain very widely purposes. This kind speed changer structure compactness, easy to manufacture, cheap, be easy to control. The disengaging of tooth does not take place during work, so stable drive does not have and impacts. In the situation that can not use motor, particularly convenient.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, major part is:

1-bevel gear, 2-centre wheel, 3 bevel gears, 4 planetary gears, 5-centre wheel, 6-friction pulley, 7-splined shaft, H-tie-rod 8-output shaft, 9-power shaft, 10-fixed axis gear, 11-taper dish group, 12-compression spring, 13-planet wheel spindle, 14-wobble gear, 15-swing splined shaft 16-T shape frictional disk group, 17-bearing, 18-shell.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of reversible differential stepless variable speed gear, form by two central gears (2), (5), planet wheel (4), tie-rod H and input shaft (9), it is characterized in that input shaft (9) drives the rotating speed that a mechanical stepless speed-changing device is controlled another central gear (5).

2, differential type stepless speed variator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said mechanical type non-stage transmission device is a friction wheel that can move radially along central gear (5).

3, differential type stepless speed variator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said mechanical stepless speed-changing device is a polydisc stepless speed variator.

4,, it is characterized in that said mechanical continuously-variable transmission is belt type or chain type stepless speed variator as claim 1,2 or 3 described differential type stepless speed variators.

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