CN86104950A

CN86104950A - Multifunction autocoupling pressure reduction starting controller

Info

Publication number: CN86104950A
Application number: CN86104950.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 廖德
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1986-08-03
Filing date: 1986-08-03
Publication date: 1987-03-25
Also published as: CN1017016B

Abstract

The present invention is a kind of with information feedback method control, and the motor with information judgement and processing capacity is from even decompression start controller.It is the job information " 1 " or the accident information " 0 " of returning according to sensor feedback, screens through discriminator circuit, realizes power supply or outage by executive circuit, reaches automatic administrative purposes.Adopt this control method,, do not have with parameter such as electric current and to contact directly, so just can distinguish starting current and locked rotor current boundary, thereby avoid causing the danger that temperature excursion causes because of locked rotor current only with information-related.The present invention is suitable for increased-safety motor control and the protection that explosion hazard area uses, and also is suitable for Motor Control and the protection that use in general place.

Description

Multifunction autocoupling pressure reduction starting controller

The present invention is a kind of motor starting controller.Particularly adopt a kind of multifunction autocoupling pressure reduction starting controller of information feedback method control.It is suitable for the control and the protection of the increased-safety motor of explosion hazard area use, also is suitable for the control and the protection of the motor of general place use, can work under the Fraquent start condition, does not influence its protective value.

In process of production; limited by net capacity; many places are not allow the motor direct-on-line starting; therefore just need additional certain device and method to finish; homemade GTZ series auto-transformer starter; though solved and do not allowed the direct-on-line starting problem; but do not solve the problem that concerns of motor protection and starting time; because existing protected mode is used the current protection principle mostly; thereby can not distinguish the boundary of locked rotor current and starting current, cause the contradiction that exists between protection and the starting to can not get solution.In addition, motor or machine works situation can not be really expressed in the indication of indicator light, and the control panel intraconnections is a lot of simultaneously, and control element is big, also is not easy to Long-distance Control.

Task of the present invention provides a kind of have motor or machine works state judgement and processing capacity; irrelevant to the protective feature of motor and motor starting time length, meet the multifunction autocoupling pressure reduction starting controller that uses in explosion hazard area and general place.

Task of the present invention is achieved in that after assigning starting order, by starting executive circuit output control power supply, by A.C. contactor motor is carried out reduced voltage starting.In the starting process, if what discriminator circuit received that sensor feedback returns is accident information " 0 ", and surpass the overload time that motor allows, then stop starting and send audible alarm, if what receive is operate as normal information " 1 ", then continue starting, when delay circuit reaches the predetermined starting time, just changing-over is controlled power supply to the output of running executive circuit automatically, make motor enter direct-on-line starting and running, because the control method of this controller is to lock the control power supply with the operate as normal information " 1 " that feed back at the scene; Guard method is to come handling failure with the accident information " 0 " that feed back at the scene, thus just can recognize motor or machine works state from information " 1 " and " 0 ", and in time make the respective handling measure, so satisfied the requirement of invention task.

Below with the embodiment of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings further the narration.

Fig. 1 is the multifunction autocoupling pressure reduction starting controller line map that the present invention proposes.

Fig. 2 is the Motor Control line map of two contactor formulas.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 circuit structure and operation principle are described: transducer is by magnet 5, and induction coil 6 and PTC thermistor 7 are formed.Thermistor 7 is imbedded in the stator coils of motor, and magnet 5 is installed on the motor rear axle, and induction coil 6 corresponding magnet 5 and fixing also can be installed in machine end with magnet 5 and induction coil 6, can increase machine upkeep and function for monitoring.

Discriminator circuit is made up of message pick-up triode 10 and the overtime testing circuit of R.C information.Discriminator circuit is to the information discriminating time, and regulation allows overload time less than motor, i.e. charging interval of the 11 pairs of electric capacity 12 of resistance in the R.C circuit, with 0.5-4 second be good.The selection of information discriminating time length, be to decide according to magnet 5 random motion speed, the low examination time of speed is long, the high examination time of speed is short, when speed during at 20 rev/mins, the examination time can be selected in 4 seconds, during greater than 100 rev/mins, the examination time can be selected in 1 second, and diode 13 is established for electric capacity 12 discharges.

Operation circuit is by order button 1, stop botton 2, and running button 36 and relay 3 are formed.When pressing order button 1, relay 3 adhesives, the control power supply is pinned in its contact 4.At this moment; motor does not also rotate; magnet 5 is static; induction coil 6 no information outputs; message pick-up triode 10 ends because of no information input; triode 14 and 15 is subjected to influence that electric capacity 12 terminal voltages can not suddenly change and not conducting; the base potential of triode 25 is carried out relay 35 by delaying time time-delay normally-closed contact 24 pincers are changed to zero and can not conducting; at this moment triode 20 is through load resistance 16; grading resistor 17 and protective resistance 19 and conducting; thereby LED light lamp 21 is lighted after resistance 22 step-downs; do the starting indication; relay 23 adhesives are carried out in starting; its contact 44 is connected control line 45 and is given A.C. contactor 1C power supply (as shown in Figure 2); after the normally opened contact closure of A.C. contactor 1C; motor begins reduced voltage starting; at this moment magnet 5 rotates at random and cuts and cut induction coil 6; induction coil 6 promptly produces pulse information " 1 "; message pick-up triode 10 acquired informations " 1 " conducting; give electric capacity 12 zero clearings; as long as the permission overload time that is no more than regulation blanking time of information " 1 "; triode 14 and 15 ends; triode 15 outputs just keep stable high potential output so, keep LED light lamp 21 automatically and start execution relay 23 to work on.Because after relay 23 adhesives are carried out in starting, the control power supply of its contact 29 on-delay circuit, through potentiometer 30, resistance 31 is to electric capacity 32 chargings, when the voltage on the electric capacity 32 is charged to the crest voltage of unijunction transistor 33, unijunction transistor 33 conductings and export pulse, relay 35 adhesives are carried out in time-delay, its contact 37 closed self-lockings, the contact 34 closed electric capacity 32 of giving discharge.At this moment; time-delay normally opened contact 18 closures of relay 35 are carried out in time-delay; the original resistance 19 of making protection usefulness is inserted common point; make it become divider resistance; and the base potential of triode 20 pincers are changed to zero and it is ended; force LED light lamp 21 to be extinguished; starting is carried out relay 23 and is discharged; disconnect its contact 44, stop power supply, cut off self-coupling decompression device coil power to A.C. contactor 1C; meanwhile; time-delay is carried out the time-delay normally-closed contact 24 of relay 35 and is opened, and original divider resistance 17 is changed into protective resistance, through load resistance 16 turn-on transistors 25; running indication this moment LED light lamp 26 is lighted after resistance 27 step-downs; relay 28 adhesives are carried out in running, and control line 47 is connected in its contact 46, gives A.C. contactor 2C power supply (as shown in Figure 2); after the A.C. contactor 2C closure; motor enters direct-on-line starting, and to the starting process end, motor changes normal operation over to.Pressing the button 2 during shutdown gets final product.

Running button 36 is manual-operating mechanisms of setting up among Fig. 1, as controlling automatically or delay circuit when breaking down, can use this button to replace, but it is started the restriction of the normally opened contact 29 of carrying out relay 23, therefore must be after relay 23 adhesives are carried out in starting, running button 36 just can work, and so just can avoid the danger of direct full pressure start-up.In addition; time-delay normally opened contact 18; the effect of time-delay normally-closed contact 24 is only to allow triode 20 and triode 25 one of them conducting; and decision conducting precedence; these two groups of contacts also determine the character of resistance 17 and resistance 19 simultaneously; because resistance 17 and resistance 19 are divider resistances each other, in this circuit, play protection and dividing potential drop double duty.1C and 2C normally-closed contact are the interlocking contact among Fig. 2.

Motor is in starting process, as single-phase starting, stall, motor no-load idle running faults such as (when referring to that transducer is installed in machine end), magnet 5 transfixions, induction coil 6 output be fault message " 0 ", message pick-up triode 10 is ended, when the permission overload time that surpasses regulation, time-out information detects electric capacity 12 terminal voltages and rises to triggering and conducting triode 14 and at 15 o'clock in the R.C circuit, triode 20 ends, the LED light lamp 21 of starting indication is extinguished, starting is carried out relay 23 and is discharged, and stops motor starting.Because trouble signal receives the control that triode 38 is subjected to triode 15, thereby after having an accident, also end simultaneously, make 39 conductings of emergency power supply switch triode, the accident alarming power supply is just exported from the collector electrode of triode 39, through voltage-stabiliser tube 40, the voltage supply electric buzzer sends interrupted audible alarm after triode 41 voltage stabilizings.Piezoelectric buzzer is by triode 42, oscillating circuit, piezoelectricity sounding component 43 compositions such as grade.

Motor as faults such as control circuits, causes long-term low pressure, low-speed running in starting process, can not enter normal operation, at this moment motor is as greater than rated power supply, less than working under the starting current situation, when temperature exceeds predetermined temperature controlling point, the resistance of thermistor 7 increases rapidly, the information " 1 " of induction coil 6 is blocked for " 0 ", force message pick-up triode 10 to end, stop starting, and send interrupted tone and ring warning, other processes are same as described above.

Motor causes magnet 5 transfixions (referring to that transducer is installed in machine end) as reasons such as no-load idle running, the unexpected stalls of rotor in operation process, output information must be " 0 "; Reasons such as overload, improper ventilation cause the overtemperature running, can make thermistor 7 reach temperature controlling point, and resistance increases rapidly, information are blocked be " 0 "; Reasons such as serious overload, belt creep cause rotating speed obviously to descend, and are to make information be approximately " 0 ".Therefore; no matter how complicated it is that accident produces reason; and that fault message has only is a kind of; above-mentioned any fault takes place; message pick-up triode 10 all can end because of losing information, in case exceed the permission overload time, then orders about running and carries out relay 28 releases; autostop makes motor or machine out of danger.For stall and information occurs for " 0 " in short-term in the running, allow overload time to recover normal transient fault again but surpass, can not cause frequent shutdown.In view of overload, locked rotor current entail dangers to motor safety not, so the rated current of fusible link can be selected the starting current greater than motor for use.

The rotating speed indication is made up of diode 8, rotating speed dial gauge 9.In order to utilize the useless part of information, its connection is to incorporate induction coil 6 again into after the polarity with diode 8 is connected into opposite and rotating speed dial gauge 9 series connection of conducting voltage polarity with triode 10.Because the indicated value of rotating speed dial gauge 9 depends on the power of induction coil 6 output informations, the power of information depends on that again magnet 5 follows the running speed of motor, so the rotating speed that directly uses the scale of rotating speed dial gauge 9 to express motor or machine is fine.The meter full scale scalable magnet 5 of rotating speed dial gauge 9 and the distance between the induction coil 6.

Existing control, protection all are that the imperative instruction and the additional protection means at center realizes with the A.C. contactor.The tradition control method is merely to go to realize being switched on or switched off of A.C. contactor; after energized; whether motor or machine meet starting and operating condition just can't have been judged; when occurring not meeting starting and operating condition, also can't make the respective handling measure; have to rely on protective device to disconnect the control power supply; just can reach the motor protection purpose, but existing protective device is only effective to motor protection, causes in machine upkeep is also belonged to rareness with monitoring compatible protector.Adopt electric current, temperature, phase place, the isoparametric detection method of torque in the resist technology to motor at present; the shortcoming of being hard to tell normal starting electric current and locked rotor current is all arranged; simultaneously also existing protective device differs because of motor size; increase a large amount of and numerous and diverse debugging work, many occasions also occur the defect that does not have protective effect because of the debugging error.

Control of the present invention, protection are information feedback methods because of what select for use; therefore there is not direct relation with other parameters such as electric current; so when the motor normal starting; though starting current is very big, what feed back is operate as normal information " 1 ", can not influence starting; the stall accident takes place when starting or in the running; though locked rotor current is similar to starting current, what feed back but is accident information " 0 ", will stop starting or shutdown automatically.This shows; the starting time length of the protective feature of motor and motor is irrelevant; so just need not to consider the operation time limit of overcurrent protection; also temperature rise increases severely and causes the explosive mixture problem of igniting when not having stall; and protected object do not have the branch of size, is suitable for without exception, deleted loaded down with trivial details debugging work; avoided many unreliable factors, and enlarged protection and supervision machine.To sum up set forth as can be known; after motor uses the feedback information control technology; possessed recognition capability and accident treatment function to the work on the spot state; its advantage be the indication of the control of current collection motivation, motor protection, machine upkeep and supervision, speed, running indication, accident alarming multiple use in one, also have that element is little, volume is little, aerial lug is few, benefit such as convenience be provided to far distance controlled.

Because the starting control circuit of motor, only be connected with ac contactor coil with a control power line, A.C. contactor has become intermediary element, thus when implementing, can make the multifunction autocoupling pressure reduction starting controller of not being with A.C. contactor, so that do remote operation; Also can make the multifunction autocoupling pressure reduction starting controller that is combined into one with A.C. contactor, make local operation.

Claims

1, one by transducer, discriminator circuit, the starting executive circuit, the running executive circuit, delay circuit, warning circuit, the running indication, the multifunction autocoupling pressure reduction starting controller that the speed indication is formed, its feature is induction coil 6 and thermistor 7 series connection, diode 8 and speed instruction sheet 9 series connection, be connected the input of message pick-up triode 10 then together, triode 15 outputs occupy the triode 20 in the starting executive circuit simultaneously, triode 25 and trouble signal in the running executive circuit receive triode 38, relay 23 in the starting executive circuit, its normally opened contact 29 connects delay circuit control power supply, so the output that trouble signal receives triode 38 is taken over a job mains switch triode 39 inputs, and triode 39 collector loads connect piezoelectric buzzer.

2, according to the controller of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized in that the magnet 5 of transducer is contained on the motor rear axle, induction coil 6 is fixed on the position of corresponding magnet 5, also can be contained in machine end.

3,, it is characterized in that the information discriminating time is the best with 0.5-4 second according to the controllers of claim 1 or 2 regulations.

4, according to the controller of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized in that the negative pole of diode 8 connects the base stage of triode 10, the positive pole of diode 8 switches through fast dial gauge 9, another termination common point of rotating speed dial gauge 9, and when using plugging, connection is opposite.

5, according to the controller of claim 1 regulation, it is characterized in that starting in the executive circuit base stage connecting resistance 19 of triode 20, the output of another termination triode 15 of resistance 19.

6, according to the controller of claim 5 regulation, it is characterized in that the base stage of triode 20, connect the time-delay normally opened contact 18 of time-delay relay 35, another termination common point of time-delay normally opened contact 18.

7,, it is characterized in that starting the normally opened contact 44 of carrying out relay 23 and connect the control power supply, another termination A.C. contactor 1C coil control line 45 of normally opened contact 44 according to the controller of claim 1 or 6 regulations.

8, the controller of stipulating according to claim 1, in the executive circuit that it is characterized in that turning round, the base stage connecting resistance 17 of triode 25, the output of another termination triode 15 of resistance 17.

9, the controller of regulation according to Claim 8 is characterized in that the base stage of triode 25, connects the time-delay normally-closed contact 24 of time-delay relay 35, another termination common point of time-delay normally-closed contact 24.

10, according to the controller of claim 1 or 9 regulations, the normally opened contact 46 of carrying out relay 28 that it is characterized in that turning round connects the control power supply, another termination A.C. contactor 2C coil control line 47 of normally opened contact 46.

11,, it is characterized in that trouble signal receives the output of the input termination triode 15 of triode 38 according to the controller of claim 1 regulation.

12,, it is characterized in that so the output of trouble signal reception triode 38 is taken over a job the input of mains switch triode 39 according to the controller of claim 11 regulation.

13, according to the controller of claim 12 regulation, it is characterized in that the collector load of emergency power supply switch triode 39 connects piezoelectric buzzer.