CN86102552A

CN86102552A - Vertical double stage coal combustion furnace for ventilating warm air

Info

Publication number: CN86102552A
Application number: CN86102552.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈星照
Original assignee: Beijing Environmental Protection Technology Equipment Center
Current assignee: Beijing Environmental Protection Technology Equipment Center
Priority date: 1986-04-14
Filing date: 1986-04-14
Publication date: 1987-10-28
Also published as: CN1004440B

Abstract

Vertical double stage coal combustion furnace for ventilating warm air is the hot-blast stove that a kind of thermal efficiency height, flue dust are few, heating is fast.Its principal character makes fuel gas for having adopted double-deck combustion system and devices such as air passageway, baffle plate, flows downward through the upper grate fire bed, and converges with flame in the lower combustion chamber, makes cigarette, gas completing combustion, and flue dust is few, the furnace temperature height, and heat exchange is good.Because upper grate itself is exactly the comb of blowing air, place again up and down in the middle of two combustion chambers, so air by behind this comb, the wind-warm syndrome height.The present invention is simple in structure, the thermal efficiency is high, can reach 70%, and has humidity regulation, is suitable for building and heating, and when pile, non-frequent heating building heating, comparable Boiler heating is economized coal 30-50%, investment-saving 30%.

Description

Vertical double stage coal combustion furnace for ventilating warm air

The invention belongs to the hot-blast stove that heat supply heating is used.

Common buildings heating mostly is and adds hot water by boiler and be hot water or steam, carries by pipeline then and by the radiator heat supply, this heat supply heating sanitary condition is good, is applicable to central heating, is convenient to management.But because boiler is a pressure-vessel, manufacturing requires, security of operation is had relatively high expectations, and needs auxiliary equipment such as water supply, water treatment again, so floor space is big, cost is high; This heating adopts effect relatively poor in pile, when in the building (as auditorium, theater) of not frequent heating, using, prevent that because of it still is required to be when not heating freezing of pipeline is incubated heating, so the thermal efficiency is lower, people imagine the employing hot-blast stove for this reason.The hot-blast stove of individual layer fire grate fired coal combustion system, obtained patent (patent No. 4466358) in the U.S. in 1984, this hot-blast stove is because its combustion system is the individual layer fire grate, coal combustion is not thorough, smoke contamination is big, the heat exchange number of times of flue gas and air is less, so the smoke density of the thermal efficiency of stove and flue gas is all undesirable.

The present invention is a kind of novel vertical double stage coal combustion furnace for ventilating warm air, its main feature is to have adopted the confining bed and the plate washer on double-layer grate combustion system and top, coal chamber, devices such as multilayer passageway, flue gas is swung to downwards, carry out primary combustion through the fervid coal seam on the upper grate earlier, then enter lower combustion chamber, on lower floor's fire grate because of lower combustion chamber be by on the fervid coal seam that falls, so behind fuel gas and flue gas inflow burner hearth, air with lower floor's thermal-flame and air blast introducing converges burning once more again, make in the flue dust blackness 1 grade with interior (concentration is less than 200 milligrams/mark rice), and have good smoke medicining dust-removing effect; Again from air, cold air is fed by the pipe of forming upper grate, multilayer comb in multilayer passageway and burner hearth, make air carry out heat exchange with thermal-flame and hot flue gas repeatedly, by top air draft case hot-air is discharged at last, because it is many that comb air between two high temperature combustors in upper strata is subjected to heat by it, and multilayer comb and plate washer are arranged in the stove, they come and go air and the circuitous widely different repetitiousness of flue gas, carried out heat exchange fully, so the hot-air heat of discharging is big, the efficient height of stove.For caloric value be 100,000 kilocalories/hour stove, its thermal efficiency can reach 70%, and it is used for non-recurrent heating and higher buildings heating, and comparable boiler heat supplying economizes on coal 30～50%, investment saves 30%, this shows that the present invention has the good thermal efficiency and practical value.

By interior,

outer sleeve

2,1 body of heater of forming, burner hearth, combustion system, flue, the circulation of air passageway, the air draft case, the vertical double stage coal combustion furnace for ventilating warm air that chimney is formed, (seeing Fig. 1 and 2) is characterized in that described combustion system is by upper grate 4, lower floor's fire grate 3, the double-deck combustion system that the coal chamber 6 of top closure is formed, upper grate 4 is that one group of pipe can resistant to elevated temperatures material making is formed, can lead to cold air in the pipe, air enters upper grate by air blast by passageway 8, after the heating of high-temperature region, enter tube bank district in the stove by passageway 9, again through the circuitous widely different (see figure 1) in multi-layer air comb 7 and a plurality of ventilations passageway, make hot-air in comb, carry out heat exchange with flue gas repeatedly, discharge by air draft case 10 at last.Because top, coal chamber is sealed, so fuel gas in this hot-blast stove combustion system and flue gas are downward refluences, it is earlier through fervid coal seam on the upper grate, make it carry out primary combustion, flow into burner hearth then, contact with fervid coal seam and thermal-flame thereof on the lower floor fire grate, carry out second-time burning, flue gas is almost completely burning so far, so grit in the flue gas few (less than 200 milligrams/mark rice), it makes progress through gap between the upper grate and the gap between fire grate and the inner sleeve, and the tube bank district is humanoid in stove again

The shape plate washer induce circuitous widely differently upwards flow, make the tube bank repeated multiple times of itself and blowing air carry out heat exchange, discharge by chimney at last.This hot-blast stove is because fuel gas and flue gas have carried out second-time burning, and therefore flue dust seldom has the good dirt smoke abatement effect that disappears.Owing to be double-deck combustion system, the top 6 of its upper grate and bottom 5 are two combustion chambers, so upper grate is in the high-temperature region, when air passes through the comb 4 of upper grate, its heating surface is big, so that heat increases is many, pass through again circuitous widely differently with the heat exchange of flue gas, make the air heat more, thereby the thermal efficiency that makes this hot-blast stove is up to 70%.What deserves to be explained is that the material of comb must be high temperature resistant, now adopts the heat-resisting cast iron pipe, in addition because of pressing hot and cold coal seam above the comb, so this comb must have certain bending strength in order to make the fire grate comb 4 can be high temperature resistant for a long time.For the inner sleeve or the air comb that are positioned at the high-temperature region are not burnt out; wall or outer wall are wiped with thermal-protective coating 11 within it; in addition in order to make air and flue gas carry out heat exchange repeatedly; between inner and outer sleeves; be provided with the passageway of a plurality of blowing airs; ventilating opening between the passageway staggers mutually, differs 180, and hot-air is discharged by being provided with the air draft case of regulating air quantity and wind direction device at last.

Fig. 1 is the front view of the embodiment of vertical double fire grate burning hot-blast stove, Fig. 2 is its side view, and wherein 1 is that the steel outer sleeve, 2 of body of heater is the steel inner sleeve of body of heater, and 3 make lower floor's fire grate, 4 for to make flanged (FLGD) upper strata, two ends fire grate by heat-resisting cast iron for cast iron, 5 is that lower combustion chamber 6 is the coal chamber, 7 is the tube bank of blowing air, and 8 is that

ventilation passageway

1,9 is ventilation passageway 2,10 are the air draft case, 11 is heat shield, and 12 is the herringbone plate washer, and 13 are

The shape plate washer, 14 is shoot door.The operation principle of present embodiment and top narration are identical.Need having of explanation:

1. the cast iron pipe 4(of upper grate sees Fig. 3), its structure is a two ends band adpting flange 18, the centre is the pipe fitting of elliptic cross-section, the hole 16 that is connected usefulness with interior boiler clothing is arranged on the flange 18, the hole 17 that is connected usefulness with fire grate itself is owing to ironcasting can not weld, so connected mode all adopts bolt.In order to make cast iron pipe have bending strength and thermal diffusivity, tube section is oval, has six roots of sensation muscle in the (see figure 4) pipe, and oval major diameter direction pressurized is placed like this, makes and manages intensity height by bending.This cast iron pipe is not general cast iron pipe, and it is a kind of heat-resisting cast iron pipe, for make this pipe in the high-temperature region unlikely burning out, air blast should be with certain blast, make air to pass through the cast iron comb fast, because the general stove of air duct resistance is little, so adopt general air blast to get final product.

2. to have the device of adjustable air quantity wind direction be a blinds guide card that is located at the adjustable air-out angle in bellows exit to top air draft case, and it can adjust wind direction by pull bar, also can close when not blowing.The air draft case can the four sides opening.

3. air blast blasts the air in the stove, and its most of and indoor return air mixes, and sends into the heating of hot-blast stove air comb again; Its fraction can be sent into the combustion chamber of lower fire grating with arm, with overheavy firing, reduces the dust phosphorus content, and this air quantity can be used valve regulated.

4. on the pipeline of stove outer air inlet, be provided with the water pipe 15 that humidification is used, with the mode of dripping its humidification amount of humidification ， And usefulness valve regulated in the air, to guarantee indoor certain humidity.

The refractory layer of being smeared in 5 inner sleeves and the air tube bank 11 is heat resistance concrete.

The connection diagram that Fig. 5 forms for upper grate, Fig. 6 is its side view, the A-A profile that Fig. 7 seeks for the cast iron of forming upper grate, and present embodiment is through the trial-production operation, simple in structure, the thermal efficiency is high, warm braw obtains that speed is fast, attended operation is convenient, has good smoke medicining dust-removing effect.

Claims

1, the vertical double stage coal combustion furnace for ventilating warm air formed of the body of heater of forming by inner and outer sleeves, burner hearth, combustion system, air passageway, air draft case, chimney, it is characterized in that the double-deck combustion system that described combustion system is made up of the coal chamber of upper grate, lower floor's fire grate, top seal, one group of pipe that its upper grate is made by exotic material is formed.Pass to high-speed air by air blast in the pipe; its lower floor's fire grate is a cast iron grate furnace; the inner and outer sleeves of stove is square or circular steel sleeve; the gap that logical flue gas is arranged between between the upper grate pipe and both sides and the inner sleeve; many horizontal rows are arranged to the steel airduct in the burner hearth; be positioned on the airduct outer wall of high-temperature region and the inner sleeve inwall and be wiped with thermal-protective coating; by dividing plate it is divided into a plurality of ventilations passageway between the inner and outer sleeves; the ventilating opening in per two adjacent passageways staggers 180 °, and its furnace roof is one to have the air draft case of adjustable air quantity wind direction device.

2, by the described hot-blast stove of claim 1, it is characterized in that described upper grate is one by heat-resisting cast iron is made, two ends have square flange to be interconnected to constitute comb, in the middle of the pipe is oval tubular, have the muscle of gaining in strength in the pipe with heat transmission, the coal chamber that described upward closedtop closes is the arch sealing that is broken into by heat resistance concrete.

3, by the described hot-blast stove of claim 2, it is characterized in that the heat-resisting cast iron pipe in the described upper grate, end (left end/right-hand member) perforate about the upper and lower end of its square flange in two ends, pore size can be identical with the hole on the inner sleeve web.

4, by claim 2,3 described hot-blast stoves, the thermal-protective coating that it is characterized in that described inner sleeve inwall and airduct outer wall is a heat resistance concrete protective layer.

5, by the described hot-blast stove of claim 4, it is characterized in that described air draft case has the device of adjustable air quantity, wind direction, be the wind apparatus that of a blinds chip of regulating the air-out angle by pull bar.

6, by the described hot-blast stove of claim 5, it is characterized in that air blast enters the airduct in the stove, mix with the return air of warm braw on the one road, and its another road enters lower fire grating top.

7, by the described hot-blast stove of claim 6, it is characterized in that the horizontal airduct in the described stove can be 12 rows, its preceding 3 rows are arranged as 6-5-6, thereafter 9 rows be arranged as 8-7-8, be provided with herringbone among the pipe row,

The shape plate washer is provided with 6 ventilation passageways between the stove inner and outer sleeves.

8, by the described hot-blast stove of claim 7, it is characterized in that body of heater in laterally the airduct place be provided with a plurality of shoot doors of clearing up the tube wall dust stratification.

9, by claim 4, described hot-blast stove is characterized in that there is a humidification pipe at the blast pipe place, and humidification Guan Shangke is equipped with the valve of regulating the humidification amount.