CN86101712A - The pressure automatic adjust system of vehicle tyre - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of pressure automatic adjust system of air tyre comprises a pneumatics pump that is driven by car engine, provides continuous air supply.Pressurized air both can enter tire, also can be discharged to atmosphere, adopted control by the manually operated selector valve.This valve has " inflating ", " keeping " and " exhaust " three kinds of action types.A secondary selector valve can be set, will be inflated or exhaust to determine which vehicle tyre.

Description

The pressure automatic adjust system of vehicle tyre

The present invention is relevant for a kind of system of self-regulating control vehicle tire pressure.

Have quite eurypalynous vehicle outfitting that air tyre is arranged, the condition of service of these air tyres adapts in different landform, for example soft sand ground, the hard highway of snowfield and surface.By regulating the pressure of air tyre,, can strengthen the traction effect of these vehicles to mate corresponding landform.In order to obtain this effect, can on vehicle, equip a variotrol, come inflating of control vehicle tire and exhaust according to operating order.

The type of this system is widely understood in prior art, and can enumerate appreciiable different embodiment.The typical feature of many embodiment is to use pneumatics case or storage bucket to the vehicle tyre air feed, according to operating order to inflation of tire.Yet pneumatics case and its corresponding pneumatics control loop have brought complexity to the design of system, have increased the expense and the weight of product.

Similarly, the control to windstream generally opens or closes valve by solenoid relay according to electric signal in the system of prior art.So that such system can real work, the solenoid coil relay must be relatively large in order to adapt in air pressure and amount of air, and this has just increased expense, size and the weight of pneumatics control loop.In addition, clearly, in the design of pneumatics control loop, use electric elements also can cause and cause the complexity of system the concern of reliability.

Below U.S. Patent Publication the background technology of the vehicle inflation system relevant with the present invention: 1,241,696; 1,329,876; 1,855,101; 2,010,150 and 3,099,309.

The invention provides a kind of system to the vehicle tyre automatic voltage regulation, this system has reached the purpose of avoiding using air bellow or air tank, and need not use electric elements in the pneumatics control loop.The present invention compares with traditional vehicle design and has more simplicity and applicability.

More specifically, in preferred embodiment, system of the present invention has used by car engine driven air pump so that continuous air supply to be provided.When the operator placed its " inflating " serviceability with system, pressurized air just can enter vehicle tyre by the pneumatics control loop.To keep pressure, the pressurized air that pump produces just is discharged in the atmosphere when the operator selects the serviceability of " keeping ".At " keeping " state, the difference of pressure that pump produced has only reflected duct pressure loss.In making " exhaust " serviceability of tire exhaust, the air in the tire is discharged to atmosphere, and the air that pump produced is discharged in the atmosphere by pressure safety valve (PSV).The effectiveness of pressure safety valve (PSV) is that when " exhaust " state, it makes the system pressure that a maximum is arranged in the pneumatics control loop, thereby opens by-pass valve control, makes the tire exhaust.The upper limit of system pressure is that the set point by pressure safety valve (PSV) decides.

It is to carry out by the manual control selector valve that serviceability is selected, and its device is in place that instrument face plate or other vehicle operators can touch.Selector valve instructs according to the operator, can put the pneumatics loop in " inflating ", any in " keeping " and " exhaust " state.For tire whether reached before stress level, the operator is by the expression tire pressure, the feedback signal that is presented on the pressure gauge is understood.

This system also allows the operator only to a part of vehicle tyre, for example, only the tire on some axletree is inflated or exhaust.Obtaining by using the second manual control selector valve to reach of these characteristics, it also moves with the pneumatics control loop.

There is the another one function in system of the present invention, and it can be inflated by an exterior compressed air source, makes at vehicle tyre to break or during at other unforeseen circumstancess, can guarantee to make each vehicle tyre to isolate from the pneumatics loop.These and other some characteristics of the present invention will obtain in following detailed description clearly.

Fig. 1: vehicle tyre stack-mounted vertical cross-section diagram.

Fig. 2: the scheme drawing of implementing pneumatics of the present invention loop.

Fig. 1 has illustrated a kind of assembling of road wheel end, is adapted to inflating or exhaust to tire automatically of the present invention.The mode that tire 10 usefulness are traditional is contained on the wheel 12.Tire has a gas port to squeeze into or discharge its inside to allow air at 14 places.

Wheel 12 is loaded on to be changeed on the ingot 16, and synchronous with it corotation.Changeing ingot is contained on the gear cluster hub shell 18.Inboard one end of housing 18 has a block, and it has sealed the inner of changeing ingot.Change ingot 16 rotation in housing 18 and lid 20, and the bearing arrangement 22 that is used by tradition supports.Changeing ingot 16 is meshed and drives by the internal tooth of a low level gear 17.The torque that is delivered to low level gear 17 has passed through axostylus axostyle gear 19 and upper gear 21 transmits.

Change ingot 16 and attenuate step by step, form targeting part 24 in inner end.Targeting part has the outside face of polishing, and rotation in seal ring 26, and to form an air chamber 28, this air chamber is by the inside face of lid 20, and outside face of guiding parts the inner and seal ring 26 surround.

Lid 20 has a central bore 30.Endoporus 30 has screw thread, links to each other with air duct 32, and the device of wheel is connected with the control loop of system.

So the passage of the airiness between the pneumatics loop of tire 10 and system is to have passed through following route.Air duct 32 is communicated with air chamber 28 by endoporus 30.Air chamber is communicated with the center axial bore 36 of changeing ingot 16, captives joint with a switch valve in the outer end 36, and whole switch valve is represented with 40.Switch valve includes valve body 42, and it has a next inboard gas port 44 and a upper gas port 48.Switch valve 40 allows air by inboard gas port 44, valve body 42 outside gas ports 48 when its open mode.

Gas port 48 on valve body 42 links to each other with pipeline 54, and the upper end of pipeline is connected with the pipeline 14 of wheel 12.

Valve body 42 also has a valve screw 50, and it can be isolated tire 10 and air compression system by clockwise rotating manually.An auxiliary valve 52 is arranged on valve body 42, and after tire isolated from system, it can allow manually tire 10 to be inflated or exhaust.

The scheme drawing of Fig. 2 has represented to implement the pneumatics control loop of the automatic voltage regulation of vehicle tyre, and the symbol in the loop is to select for use by the custom of the standard of United States of Bureau of Standards (American National Standards clns titute).

Provided by the pneumatics pump according to operator's the instruction pressurized air of inflating to vehicle tyre, this pump is entirely represented with 100.The energy of pneumatics pump is from vehicle, and its working cycle matches with the running of vehicle.In the enforcement of reality, air pump 100 is to select diaphragm pump for use, and it is driven by the rotating shaft shown in the scheme drawing 102.

Pump 100 produces a continuous air supply, and it arrives cross-over joint 106 by air duct 104.Cross-over joint 106 has an admission port 108 to accept the pressurized air of air pipe 104, and a pressurized air flow export 110 is arranged, and a safety valve flow export 112 and knockdown additional-air inlet and controlling plumbing fixtures 114 are arranged.

Safety valve flow export 112 is connected in safety valve 116,116 air pressure level with system (comprising tire pressure) are limited to the upper limit given in advance, for example the adjustment of 2.7～3.4 crust (pressure that 30～50P.s.i. goes up per square inch) these upper limit pressure is to realize by the indicating position that changes on the safety valve 116, with requirement and other restrictions to system of satisfying operation.

Auxilairy air intake 114 links to each other with the common connection of T shape hookup 120.This T shape hookup has second gas port 122 and the 3rd gas port 126 that link to each other with controlling plumbing fixtures 124.Gas port 126 links to each other with auxiliary air-inflating valve 118 by pipeline 128.

The function of auxiliary air-inflating valve 118 is to inflate to tire from a compressed-air actuated auxiliary source.If pump 100 is damaged or can not regular event the time, this function be valuable in this occasion.Compressed-air actuated in this case auxiliary source can be from the overhead press pump of another vehicle.When vehicle during also in the shop, this auxiliary air-inflating valve 118 just seems convenient, promptly can inflate a tire and checking system by the pneumatics pump in the external world, and does not need to start the engine of itself.

The pressurized air flow export 110 of cross-over joint 106 is connected in a serviceability selector valve by pipeline 132, and this valve entirely is expressed as 130.Generally speaking, serviceability selector valve 130 has first, second and the 3rd serviceability, and they correspond respectively to vehicle tyre and inflate, and keeps original tire pressure and makes the tire exhaust.The serviceability of operated selector valve 130 is defined as I respectively, II and III.

Operated selector valve 130 includes gas port 134 and 136.Gas port 134 feeds atmosphere.Gas port 136 is received in the pressurized air in the pipeline 132.

Operated selector valve 130 also includes three following gas ports 138,140 and 142. Gas port 138 and 142 couples together by crossover tube 150.Gas port 140 is connected to pipeline 152.The effect of air duct 152 is: when operated selector valve during at " inflating " serviceability, pressurized air is sent into tire, when " exhaust " serviceability, send air back to operated selector valve.

Operated selector valve 130 is actual should to be placed on vehicle cab, preferably be placed on the operating panel, or be placed on other operators convenient can and the position.The selection of serviceability is to realize by one of three positions shown in the recess that control lever 146 is placed on indicating device 144.

For being inflated or the selection of the tire of exhaust, the operator controls by the tire selector valve, and this whole valve is expressed as 156.The similarity of this valve and operated selector valve is that it also has the first, the second and the 3rd serviceability, and is manually operated.

Tire selector valve 156 includes three and goes up gas port 158,160 and 162. Gas port 158 and 162 leads to atmosphere.Gas port 160 can be accepted the control air pressure in the pipeline 124.

Tire selector valve 156 also includes two following gas ports 164 and 166.Gas port 164 is outlets of making the control air in the pipeline 172, and gas port 166 similarly is the outlet as the control air pressure in the pipeline 174.In the embodiment that now states, in the pressure adjustment of the control signal at gas port 164 places output in order to the rear axle tire, and in the control signal output at the gas port 166 places pressure adjustment in order to control front axle tire.

The tire finder in fact preferably is contained on the vehicular meter panel in the operator operating room, perhaps in other palp positions.It is manually operated by the operator that control lever 168 illustrates valve 156, and it can place any of three positions shown in the indicating device 170.

These three kinds can selecteed difference state or the serviceability of tire selector valve 156 can be designated as A, B and C, they respectively corresponding to: only be the pressure control of front axle tire, the pressure control of front axle and rear axle tire, and only be the pressure control of rear axle tire.

Operated selector valve 130 and tire selector valve 156 are by air pipe collector and the collaborative work of pneumatics control loop, and this concetrated pipe entirely is expressed as 180.The function of concetrated pipe is the circulation between control air passage and the tire.For example, at the pipeline shown in Fig. 1 32,,, circulate mutually with the tire of appointment according to adjusting control signal from tire selector valve 156 by operated selector valve 130.The adjusting control signal indication will be to operator specified inflation of tire or exhaust.

Concetrated pipe 180 includes a common contact 183 that links to each other with pipeline 152.The effect of common contact 182 is: when operated selector valve 130 during at first kind of state, allow pressurized air by and enter the tire of appointment.Equally, when operated selector valve during, allow air from tire, outwards oppositely to pass through at the third state.

Concetrated pipe 180 also includes inlet 184 or 186.Inlet 184 is connected in pipeline 172, accepts control signal and controls pressure on the rear axle tire.Gas port 186 is connected in pipeline 174, similarly accepts control signal and controls pressure on the front axle tire.

Gas port 184 links to each other with internal air passageway 190, and 190 are divided into 190a of branch and b.Similarly, gas port 186 links to each other with inner passage 192, and 192 are divided into 192a of branch and b.190a of branch and b, 192a and b transmission adjusting control signal arrive inlet 188a separately, and b, c and d, these 4 inlets belong to control cock 194a, b, c and the d with air-pressure controlling.

Each control cock 194 has one to open state and an off status.In the embodiment that now states, enter into the control air pressure of inlet 188, quantitatively be enough to overcome the relative or oppositely directed pressure that tire is executed, this will cause opening of valve 194, after this pressure was removed, control cock can return to its original closed condition.Each action that opens or closes of adjusting valve 194 correspondingly allows or stops windstream to pass through the gas port of relevant passage 196,196 shown in including on two figure, their be placed in two limits of control cock 194.Each passage 196a, b, c and d have an end to be connected to a common aisle 198 altogether, and the other end is connected to tire gas port 200a, b, c and d.

In a practical embodiments of the present invention, control cock 194 has been selected pneumatics self-excitation cartridge type valve for use, the company's of reining in this series products of commercial supply of living in ease and comfort, the model of regulation is the 125 Humphery Products of INS-A(company, address: P.O.Box 2008, Kalamazoo, Mic higan 44003)

Tire gas port 200a, b, c and d are connected to T shape device 202a, b, c and d separately respectively.Each T shape device has two other gas ports 204 and 206, and their effect is as follows.The air by-pass passage 32 that gas port 204 is connected among Fig. 1 can flow to or flow out pressurized air from tire 10.Gas port 206 is connected to pipeline 208 air is delivered to reciprocable valve 210.

Two displacement valve 210a and b are arranged in the embodiment that now states, and corresponding to the tire of front axle and the tire of rear axle, the function of reciprocable valve is selected on axle respectively for they, and vehicle operators is read and be shown to the tire that elevated pressures is arranged as representative.

Reciprocable valve 210a can be used as representative, is used for illustrating its usefulness.It includes a pair of inlet 211a and 212b, to be received in the tire pressure signal of pipeline 208a and b respectively.Reciprocable valve 210a is in response to bigger pressure signal, and with one can make sort signal show the plumbing connection of coming, this pipeline has outlet 214a.This outlet is connected in pressure gauge 218a by pipeline 216a.Pressure gauge can be the mechanism that traditional design or employing provide analog or digital to show.Pressure gauge should be placed on vehicle cab, and the operator can be seen.

Reciprocable valve and manometric device can be from disclosed embodiment, require to be improved at the designing requirement or the operator of concrete system.For example, reciprocable valve 210 can select for use the valve of 4 gas ports to take out the top pressure signal in all tire, and perhaps it can simply remove, and allows pressure reading can ad hoc take from a preassigned tire.

Various serviceability with reference to operated selector valve 130 and tire selector valve 156 are narrated the operation of system.The action of operated selector valve 130 has inflation of tire state I, keeps pressure state II and exhaust condition III.The action of tire selector valve 156 has front axle designated state A, front axle rear axle designated state B and rear axle designated state C.In the serviceability I of describing now, in II and the III, supposed that the tire selector valve gets designated state B, promptly the two is all designated for front axle and rear axle.

When operated selector valve 130 places the state I, last gas port 136 is linked up mutually with following gas port 140.Following gas port 138 and 142 outwards leads to atmosphere by last gas port 134.This arrangement is that the air supply of pump 100 on pipeline 104 passed through series of passages, comprises cross-over joint 106, the pipeline 198 of operated selector valve 130 and concetrated pipe 180.

Similarly, the air supply that pump 100 is produced carries control air pressure on pipeline 104, the application of this air supply is to have passed through the second route, this route is by cross-over joint 106, T-joint 120, two pipelines 190 of tire selector valve 156 and concetrated pipe 180 and 192 be connected to form.

When the accumulation of pressure of these two routes to equaling, during then greater than tire pressure (be simplified illustration, suppose that all tire pressures equate), the control air pressure that acts on the gas port 188 of each control cock 194 will cause opening of valve.This just allows windstream to enter tire by control cock 194 and every pipeline 196.

It is worthy of note owing to selected the control cock 194 of aforementioned type for use, when valve is in open mode, do not have the control air atmosphere that leaks.This has just been avoided the worry that produced when this system travelled in deep water.

In case tire is inflated operator's required pressure level, this stress level is shown in pressure gauge 218a and b, and the operator makes selector valve place the state II to keep desired pressure the control lever on the M/C selector valve 130.

When operated selector valve 130 during in the type II, gas port 136 is linked up with gas port 142.Crossover tube 150 is connected in 138 with gas port 142.Then, gas port 138 is discharged to atmosphere by gas port 134.Correspondingly, keeping former pressure condition, the continuous air supply that pump 100 produces in pipeline 104 is drained in the atmosphere.Any pressure that occurs in pipeline 104,132 and 124 is all very little, and owing to only there is pressure loss in duct, the load of pump 100 is less relatively, therefore, keeping continuous working under the serviceability of former pressure, pump can be not therefrom reduction of service life significantly.

If the wheel operator will face soft landform or other condition, when requiring the tire exhaust, but operator's manual lever 146 places the state III with operated selector valve.

When operated selector valve 130 places the state III, gas port 136 is linked up with gas port 142.Yet gas port 138(gas port 142 is attached thereto by crossover tube 150), close in the state III.Gas port 140 is linked up mutually with gas port 134, the air exhaust to atmosphere in the tire.The closing of gas port 138 do not allow air exhaustion that pump produces to atmosphere.The result is that the air hematocrit of pipe 104 tires out, the system pressure of setting on the limit that reaches regulation or pressure safety valve (PSV) 116.In case reach this force value, it remains in the pipe 104 just according to this pressure of safety valve 116 regulations.

This maximum system pressure also acts on the gas port 188 of control cock 194 simultaneously, the road through cross-over joint 106 to other parts, comprising tire selector valve 156.Owing to use the maximum system pressure value to press as control air consistently, control cock 194 will be opened, and stay open state in whole exhaust condition.

The windstream that comes out from tire is through series of passages, comprising the route of aforesaid concetrated pipe and operated selector valve 130.When tire is vented to the level of operator's regulation, this will be shown in pressure gauge 218a and b, and the operator moves on to the state II to keep tire pressure in this level with control lever 146.This action is reduced to negligible level (only limiting to pressure loss in duct) to control air pressure, and by removing pressure from their gas ports 188 separately and by-pass valve control being closed.

As noted before, the optional three kinds of state A of the action of tire selector valve 156, any among B or the C and irrelevant with the state of operated selector valve 130.

Put tire selector valve 156 in state A, the tire of front axle is chosen, in the control downward modulation seamless power of operated selector valve 130.At state A, last gas port 160 communicates with down gas port 166, allows transmission of control signals to pipeline 174.Following gas port 164 leads to atmosphere by gas port 158.

Put tire selector valve 156 in state B, the two tire of antero posterior axis is chosen, in the control downward modulation seamless power of operated selector valve 130.At this state, gas port 160 simultaneously ditch vent 164 and 166 the two, control signal is transferred to pipeline 172 and 174.

The state C that put the tire selector valve, the tire of rear axle is chosen, in the control downward modulation seamless power of operated selector valve 130.At this state, gas port 160 communicates with gas port 164, and the adjusting control signal is transferred to pipeline 172.Pipeline 166 leads to atmosphere by gas port 162.

According to fwd narration, be used to air pipe collector 180 by pipeline 172 and 174 contained control signals, the gas port 184 and 186 by separately comes control cock 194a, b, the action of c and d.

The present invention describes with graphic mode, it will be appreciated that employed term should understand according to the essence of the used vocabulary of this specification sheets here, and should not be limited to term itself.

According to the above description, many improvement and the variation to existing invention is possible.It should be understood that, in the scope of appended claim, possible enforcement of the present invention is not limited to by specifically described embodiment.

Claims (26)

1, a kind of system to the air tyre automatic voltage regulation that is used for vehicle is characterized in that including:

Pumping plant, it links to each other with vehicle operation and is driven by the energy of vehicle, so that a continuous air supply to be provided;

The serviceability selecting arrangement, it has the first, the second and the third alternative serviceability, and they correspond respectively to inflation of tire, keep pressure and exhaust, thereby allow the serviceability of operation selective system; And

Pneumatics control loop device, it and pumping plant, serviceability selecting arrangement, vehicle tyre interconnects and corresponding with operation selecting arrangement selected serviceability, so that tire is inflated when first kind of state, when second kind of state, keep pressure, when the third state, be deflated.

2, by the defined system of claim 1, wherein pneumatics control loop device in response to first kind of serviceability, makes pumping plant be connected with tire.

3, by the defined system of claim 2, wherein said " connection " is to have passed through the serviceability selecting arrangement.

4, by the defined system of claim 1, wherein pneumatics control loop device is in response to second kind of serviceability, from the angle of pneumatics and opinion separates vehicle tyre and pumping plant.

5, by the defined system of claim 4, wherein pneumatics control loop device is also in response to the amount of air that pumping plant produced is discharged in the atmosphere.

6, by the defined system of claim 5, wherein exhaust realizes by the serviceability selecting arrangement.

7, by the defined system of claim 1, wherein the pneumatics control setup is deflated vehicle tyre in response to the third serviceability.

8, by the defined system of claim 7, wherein the tire exhaust is to have passed through the operation selecting arrangement.

9, by the defined system of claim 1, wherein pneumatics control loop device includes: a concetrated pipe that connects mutually with the serviceability selecting arrangement that have a public gas port, a plurality of tire gas ports wherein each gas port are connected in a vehicle tyre, and the gas port of at least one the control air pressure that links to each other with the control cock device, this control gas port responsive control signal, control public gas port and exchange with air pressure between one or more tire gas ports, the tire gas port links to each other with described control cock device valve gear.

10, by the defined system of claim 9, concetrated pipe wherein has a plurality of control gas port and control cock devices that equate with tire gas port number.

11, by the defined system of claim 9, wherein the control cock device includes an air pressure self-actuated valve, it connects the public gas port tire gas port relevant with in the air flue of concetrated pipe, described response valve is in the pneumatics control signal that is applied to the control gas port, when pneumatics control signal during greater than the actual pressure level of tire gas port, just open and be communicated with described relevant gas port, when the pneumatics control signal is lower than the actual pressure level of tire gas port, closes or cut off described relevant gas port.

12, by the system of claim 11, wherein the pneumatics self-actuated valve is the cartridge type valve.

13, by the system of claim 11, wherein the pneumatics self-actuated valve generally is in closed condition.

14, press the system of claim 11, wherein the pneumatics self-actuated valve; When the serviceability selecting arrangement it first and during the third serviceability, be in open mode; When serviceability selecting arrangement during, be in closed condition at its third serviceability.

15, by the system of claim 1 definition, also include and the corresponding signalling apparatus of vehicle tyre, to produce a signal of representing tire pressure levels.

16, by the system of claim 15 definition, wherein signalling apparatus includes a pressure gauge, and it has the input from a tire at least, and the output of a pressure indicating signal form is arranged simultaneously.

17, by the defined system of claim 1, also include an auxiliary pressure device, when the serviceability selecting arrangement was in its first kind of serviceability, auxiliary pressure device can be accepted pressurized air to inflation of tire from an auxiliary source.

18, by the defined system of claim 17, wherein auxiliary pressure device includes an air pressure air-inflating valve, and it is in parallel annexation with pumping plant.

19, by the defined system of claim 1, wherein pumping plant includes a pneumatics pump that is driven by vehicular propulsion, along with vehicular propulsion is made common working cycle.

20, by the system of claim 1 definition, wherein the pneumatics pump is engine-driven diaphragm pump.

21, by the system of claim 1 definition, wherein the serviceability selecting arrangement includes a serviceability selector valve, it have the first, the second and the third state corresponding to the serviceability of above-mentioned appointment.

22, by the system of claim 1 definition, wherein also include the tire selecting arrangement, be linked to pneumatics control loop device and collaborative work, thereby can optionally inflate or exhaust a specific vehicle tyre.

23, by the system of claim 22 definition, wherein the tire selecting arrangement includes a tire control cock, and this valve has a plurality of serviceability correspondingly specific tires is inflated or exhaust selectively.

24, by the system of claim 1 definition, also include a switch valve that is contained on each tire, thereby can keep apart described tire and system selectively.

25, by the system of claim 1 definition, also include a pressure safety valve (PSV), it makes the pressure control of system at given upper limit pressure, will be above the air exhaustion in the system of described upper pressure limit in atmosphere.

26, by the system of claim 1 definition, wherein pressure safety valve (PSV) is work at the third serviceability, and it matches with the action of tire exhaust.

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