CN85205783U

CN85205783U - Elevator safety equipment

Info

Publication number: CN85205783U
Application number: CN 85205783
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑永如
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1985-12-29
Filing date: 1985-12-29
Publication date: 1987-03-11

Abstract

The utility model relates to a safe device for an elevator, which is directly installed on a movable box body, and the braking force of the utility model directly acts on a guide rail. The breakage of a traction steel rope is a direct signal for starting the safe device for an elevator. The utility model can be designed into various structures according to the principle, for example, the structure (1) that the steel rope (15) on a traction mechanism is connected to a cross beam (10); when the steel rope normally works, the head of a braking rod (6) just leaves from the guide rail; when the steel rope loses the traction force to the box body because of breakage or other reasons, the head of the braking rod (6) compresses the guide rail, and the frictional force between a friction sheet (7) and the guide rail makes the box body stop moving. The utility model can also adopt the structure of a spring brake or an electromagnetic brake.

Description

Elevator safety equipment

Mostly the present elevator that uses, its safety device are at motor shaft end dress drg.When the casing of elevator rises or reduces to two end ultimate positions, make drg work by limit switch, disconnect motor power simultaneously, make the stop motion of elevator casing.The static of casing is to hold by cable wire after all.If cable wire is owing to accidental cause ruptures, then casing will fall to having an accident rapidly because of action of gravity.Especially when casing was in the higher position, consequence was even more serious.The speed that the elevator (for example elevator) that has disposed balance block can slow down and, but can not avoid fully, when particularly the casing load carrying ability is big.And getting in touch between balance block and the casing, still be the cable wire that possible rupture.

The present invention can stop the generation of above-mentioned danger at all.Safety device of the present invention is not to be installed on the trailer coupling, but directly is installed on the casing.Its braking force then acts directly on the guide rail, and this guide rail is originally and makes casing along its moving linearly.No matter the fracture of cable wire or other are the damage what reason causes, the free fall so long as will make the casing get out of hand, and this " will free fall " promptly be the direct signal that starts the work of safety device.This just makes that the elevator that this device is housed is fool proof, even must be for safety changes noticeable wear in advance still spendable cable wire.The practical life of cable wire will prolong greatly.Can design multiple structure by above-mentioned principle, enumerate three kinds of structures herein:

The explanation of accompanying drawing drawing:

Fig. 1 is the front elevation of lateral plan Fig. 2 of structure one for structure one

Fig. 3 is that the front view 4 of structure two is the lateral plan of structure two

Fig. 5 is the scheme drawing of structure three

Now specify as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Structure one, (seeing accompanying drawing 1,2): two sides of casing (1) are equipped with 4 ears climbs (2), ear is climbed the outside brake rod (5) respectively is housed, brake rod be connected with pin (1) between ear is climbed, brake rod and ear are climbed can not separate and can do swing around pin (4).The afterbody of brake rod (3) is connected with pin (9) with an end of connecting rod (8), and the two also can be done swing and can not separate.The other end of connecting rod (8) is contained on the crossbeam (10).Four connecting rods are contained on the same crossbeam.Crossbeam (10) passes the long suspension ring (12) that are fixed on the casing (1) again.The length of long suspension ring (12) is: when crossbeam is in from casing (1) farthest in long suspension ring (12), that is when being in the upper end of long suspension ring (12), the head of brake rod (6).Just in time leave guide rail (14).Two tension springs (13) are housed between crossbeam and the casing, and the pulling force of two tension springs is not only less than the weight of unloaded casing, and when quickening to descend less than casing to the pulling force of cable wire.Cable wire on the trailer coupling is connected on the crossbeam (10).Under normal circumstances, the casing deadweight makes crossbeam and casing suspension ring be in ultimate range in long steel loop, and this moment, the head of brake rod just in time left guide rail.Elevator normally moves.When cable wire loses suspension force to casing because of fracture or other reasons, the pulling force of tension spring (13) makes crossbeam move to the casing direction, drivening rod (8), brake rod (5) is swung, the head of brake rod (6) compresses guide rail, is installed in the friction lining (7) of brake rod head and the friction force between the guide rail and makes casing stop the motion of free fall.The size of friction force can be selected during design on demand along with the length ratio of brake rod head and afterbody (is boundary with pin (4)) changes.

Second kind of structure of this device sees that Fig. 3,4: two pairs of spring brakes (16) (it is a pair of to draw among the figure) are divided in two sides of two guide rails (14), there is cable wire (15) in the afterbody system of slipper (17), and cable wire links to each other with trailer coupling by fixed pulley (19) back that is contained on the base (34).Like this, when cables break, the spring (20) in the drg (16) is released slipper (17), and slipper head (21) makes oblique, and this head is collided with the shelves iron (22) that are fixed on the guide rail, stops bin movement.The pulling force of cable wire when the elastic force of spring (20) is quickened less than unloaded casing.That is to say that under normal circumstances, the slipper head remains at and guide rail, the position that shelves iron all separates.

This device also can adopt other forms of drg, for example the magnet stopper of structure three.Fig. 5 is its scheme drawing: magnet stopper (23) is contained on the casing (1), and when energising, the slipper of drg separates with guide rail, the elevator normal operation.During cables break, bar (24) is subjected to the pulling force of spring (25) and moves, and starting switch (26) makes the magnet stopper outage, and slipper clamps guide rail, makes the casing stop motion.Bar (24) one ends and base (33) are hinged, and an end passes suspension ring (32).

Above-mentioned safety device, normally in service, when casing was moved downwards by static beginning, just the moment that starts, cable wire may be minimum to the pulling force of casing.For preventing that this device is used as it as danger signal, cause the casing can't be descending, also to load onto delay mechanism in this device.It can be the hydraulic damping delay timer in structure one and structure two.(see figure 2) in the structure two for example: the slipper middle part makes piston (27) for bigger one section, and brake casing (28) is promptly as oil cylinder.Two chambeies before and after oil cylinder divides, the centre has (29) at interval, at interval and between the neck (17) of slipper small gap (30) is arranged, when cable wire to the pulling force of slipper during less than spring thrust, slipper outwards moves, the oil of back cavity (31) flows to ante-chamber (18) by gap (30), because the gap is done enough for a short time, makes the motion of slipper slow.If the reducing of steel cable stretching force causes that because of the descending beginning of casing moment then only spend the utmost point short time, the pulling force of cable wire will recover again, slipper also have little time with guide rail on a grade iron phase bump.Have only " cable wire loses the pulling force to casing " to continue for some time, slipper just stretches out sufficient length, bumps with the shelves iron phase, plays brake action.Hydraulic delay device (11) in structure one (see figure 1) is also identical with said structure.In using the safety device of magnet stopper, for example three on structure can be in circuit the access delay relay.

This device also can be used for other along the braking of the object of guide rail movement, for example the slope vehicle in mine except the lift that is applied to move both vertically. Electromagnetic brake also can be applicable to the brake hard of train. Act on the brake of wheel on the train because frictional force deficiency between wheel and rail when descending (when ice, snow are for example arranged on the rail, and) and can not brake rapidly, directly act on the brake of rail two sides such as employing, then can obtain enough frictional force.

The control part of this device also can be contained in box house, so that when unexpected situation, carries out emergency braking by the personnel of box house.

It is elevator that typical case in the time of this uses, and when the cable wire of traction casing on the elevator ruptured suddenly, drg promptly played brake action, produces huge friction force and makes the casing braking with guide rail, or bump with the shelves iron phase and make the casing braking.

Claims

1, a kind of safeguard device of elevator, its first kind of version is characterised in that:

Two cover or quadruplet connecting rod mechanisms are arranged, it by the ear that is fixed on casing climb (2), climb the brake rod (5) that is hinged with ear, the connecting rod (8) that is hinged with the brake rod afterbody forms.Same connecting rod mechanism is divided in two sides of guide rail (14) symmetrically, and the connecting rod of two sides all is connected with crossbeam (10) again, and crossbeam passes the long suspension ring (12) fixed with casing again.Between crossbeam (10) and casing (1), also have spring (13) and delay timer (11).

2, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Brake rod head (6) slightly is longer than the distance of pin (4) to guide rail (14) to the length of pin (4).

3, device according to claim 2 is characterized in that:

Brake rod head (6) to the length of pin (4) is: can make friction lining (7) and guide rail (14) when contacting, the line of contact point and pin (4) drops in the friction angle of friction lining (7) and guide rail (14), that is self-locking conditions satisfied.

4, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

The friction lining of brake rod head (7) becomes a leaning angle with plane perpendicular to brake rod (5) axis, makes friction lining (7) and guide rail (14) when contacting, and just in time is close to guide rail.

5, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Pull line (15) is connected the annular distance that crossbeam (10) is gone up, crossbeam (10) passes the long suspension ring (12) that are fixed on casing again.

6, device according to claim 5 is characterized in that:

The length of the annular distance of long suspension ring (12) is: when crossbeam (10) was in away from casing one end in annular distance, brake rod head friction lining (7) just in time left guide rail.

7, a kind of safeguard device of elevator, its second kind of structure is characterised in that:

Spring brake (16) is contained in two sides of guide rail (14) symmetrically, and it comprises housing (28), can be in housing reciprocating slipper (17) spring (20) reached the piston (27) of time-lag action.Block (22) in a row is housed on the guide rail (14), and fixed pulley (19) is contained on the pulley base (34) that is connected in obliquely on the casing.

Be connected the tail end of slipper (17) behind pull line (15) process fixed pulley (19) change of direction.

8, a kind of safeguard device of elevator, its third version is characterised in that:

Magnet stopper (23) is installed in two sides of casing (1) near guide rail (14), and makes the friction shoe of drg occupy guide rail two limits; The switch of magnet stopper (26) is controlled by control stalk (24).

The base (33) that one end of control stalk (24) is articulated in and casing (1) is connected is gone up and is collided with the contact of switch (26) after the other end passes suspension ring (35), and the cable wire of traction casing just is attached at the stage casing of control stalk (24).