CN85106054A

CN85106054A - Coordinate-measuring instrument

Info

Publication number: CN85106054A
Application number: CN85106054.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 坂田秀夫; 角田荣一
Original assignee: Mitutoyo Manufacturing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Mitutoyo Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date: 1985-08-10
Filing date: 1985-08-10
Publication date: 1987-04-01
Also published as: CN1003735B

Abstract

A kind of coordinate measuring apparatus, one measuring piece and workpiece for measurement link, and this workpiece profile etc. is to measure by moving of this measuring piece, and in this measuring instrument, one of support is by a guide rail support, and this position that is supported on X-axis and the Z-direction is adjustable; Another support is movably in a direction of a guide rail only.The rail plate of frame between supporting, can be contained in the position adjusting mechanism on the connecting portion between rail plate and the support by one, in X and its position of Z-direction adjusted, when the regulating part installed on rail plate of the rail plate of Tiao Jieing the supporting surface of support member near part like this, be irremovable along the moving direction of slide block.

Description

Coordinate-measuring instrument

The invention relates to a coordinate-measuring instrument.One of them measuring piece is movably on the axis more than two or two that intersects vertically mutually, and as twice or the three dimension measurement instrument, the 々 such as contour structures of the workpiece that measure can both measure from the moving of this measuring piece.

Twice or the three dimension measurement instrument, owing to there is high measuring accuracy to be widely used at each industrial circle, wherein twice or three degree directions mobile side amount parts contact with a surface of the workpiece that will measure, and the 々 such as contour structures of workpiece measure from measuring piece mobile.

This three dimension measurement instrument is equipped with a mechanism, can move in the direction of the X that intersects vertically mutually, y and z axis by this mechanism's measuring piece.

As a mechanism at three axis direction traverse measurement parts, be to be provided at three axis directions with a measuring piece, for example: a lot of top surfaces that are erected at base plate that support, elongation is at two tracks of y axis direction, being contained in these in parallel with each other supports, elongation at a beam of X-axis line direction across on these tracks, and at the y axis direction is movably, a slide block is installed on the track of this beam, it is movably in X-axis line direction, a main shaft is contained on the above-mentioned slide block, and this main shaft can slide in the z axis direction, and measuring piece is fixed on an end of this main shaft.Put it briefly, do as a wholely, said mechanism is made of an overlapping system, and its position reference is in base plate or other basis.

Therefore, the shortcoming that conventional structure exists is: the structure of socle will be born measuring piece moves generation at coordinate direction load, whereby, this conventional structure must be very big size, and measurable scope is subjected to placing restrictions on greatly, and, these supports will be perpendicular to members such as base plates, and be parallel to two opposition side faces again, in addition, the height of these supports is finishing and installation exactly, and the adjusting of these parts, to make by the micron number magnitude, so requirement is taken too much working time.

Main scale is contained in a side of base plate along the moving direction that supports, and the vernier scale relative with main scale is contained in a side of support, measures the position of supporting by scale.But, if main scale towards the top, this coordinatometer can be damaged and the pollution of surrounding environment, therefore, may cause trouble to locating.

On the other hand, if main scale is laterally being arranged, though can avoid damaging the bonding with pollutant,, the member such as locking circle handgrip that locking is supported will be contained in its top surface, the result, members such as locking circle handgrip can project upwards from the top surface of base plate, therefore, the workpiece that will measure is loaded onto and unloaded, may cause trouble.

In addition, these supports will be perpendicular to members such as base plates, and relative each limit of these supports is parallel, the height of these supports will carry out finishing exactly and installation,, by these support the structure supported, be assembled into successively and be parallel and perpendicular to X, y and z axis thereafter, in addition, after in the structure of this installation, regulating, scale is fixed on the rail plate, and with give fixed spaced and parallel in members such as slide blocks, therefore, require extremely complicated step and knack level highly.

Like this, cause the finishing precision of a part that whole precision is produced very big influence,, and then can not proofread and correct or improve if produce some confusions in the first step of installing, so last, carry out all adjustings and installation again.And an installer's knack level has very big influence to the precision of installing.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a coordinate-measuring instrument, make the top surface of base plate enlarge measurable scope, these support and rail plate is convenient to install and regulate, and during use, do not produce measuring error, and its manufacturing price are cheap.

The invention is characterized in: a coordinate-measuring instrument comprises: from some outstanding guide rails of the opposite sides of a base plate; The a pair of support of supporting in the mode that moves along these guide rails; The rail plate of crossbearer on these support has movably slide block of measuring piece at this rail plate upper supporting belt; Wherein from the moving of measuring piece, measure the 々 such as profile of workpiece; A support is supported on the guide rail, and can carry out ground, position at the other direction that a vertical direction and this vertical direction perpendicular to the base top surface intersect vertically and regulate; Another support is supported on another root guide rail, and it is transportable at the horizontal direction of a guide rail, and is irremovable in vertical direction; There is the fulcrum regulating device at the connecting portion place that is contained between rail plate and the support; For measuring piece can be regulated at two mutually perpendicular axis directions at least, the fulcrum of rail plate changes by the fulcrum regulating device; Therefore, when regulating part is to occur with connected mode position adjustable and that can be fixed on the guide rail, and give fixed tightness degree when contacting with above-mentioned support with a kind of, the rail plate of regulating fulcrum is irremovable, and is fixed in the moving direction of slide block.

Fig. 1 is the front view of the total layout of expression;

Fig. 2 is the side view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is illustrated in the connection status between the approach end of a guide rail and a support;

Fig. 4 is illustrated in the connection status between the approach end of guide rail and another support;

Fig. 5 represents the fulcrum regulating device;

Fig. 6 is the front view at the main position of expression rail plate;

Fig. 7 is the cut-open view of the VII-VII in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is the cut-open view of expression slide block;

Being described in detail of this most preferred embodiment is as follows:

Narrated with regard to an embodiment below, the present invention therein is applicable to the three dimension measurement instrument.

Fig. 1 represents the front view of three dimension measurement instrument and the side view that Fig. 2 is Fig. 1.With reference to these figure, general base plate 11 presents a flat rectangular parallelepiped, the handle 13(that xsect is housed is L shaped shape in its preceding and rear surface is by shown in Figure 1), guide rail parallel to each other 16 and 17 are equipped with in left and right sides surface at it, longitudinal direction (being the y axis direction shown in Fig. 2) along base plate 11 passes many supporting axis 15, and these supporting axis 15 meet at right angles outstanding from the side of base plate 11.

The bottom part of

support

41 and 42 is to be supported in movably on guide rail 16 and 17.The one slip precision mobile guide rail 48 that is circular bar shape is that crossbearer is at the position, upper end of supporting 41 and 42, a rail plate 46, generally be elongated rectangular cross section, whole crossbeam 47 is to be parallel to the top surface of base plate 11 and perpendicular to guide

rail

16 and 17, (X-axis line direction as shown in fig. 1).By the rotation of the mobile bundle of circles hand 49 of precision, the accurate moving track 48 that slides is accurately moved in X-axis line direction, the mobile garden of this precision handle 49 is contained in and supports 42 place, upper part.

Detent 18 is contained in the front and back ends of a guide rail 16, supports accurate moving track 19 for one, lateral support on the detent 18 of front and back ends, and, be parallel to guide rail 16 by the mobile mode of y direction.By rotating a bundle of circles hand 19A who accurately moves, can press the y direction and accurately move above-mentioned accurate moving track 19.On the inside surface of detent 18, provide vibroshock 20, the vibrations when bumping as

absorption support

41 and 42.

As shown in Figure 3, an above-mentioned guide rail 16 is contained in the position of the top surface that is lower than base plate 11, and it is outstanding from the side surface of base plate 11; And its xsect forms a circle and is cut into a horizontal surface 21 at its lower surface.A main scale 22 is contained on the horizontal surface 21, and it is examined side and play an effect of examining the side device along the position of supporting 41 at the y axis direction, and this main scale is carved with the scale of micron number magnitude.The Connection Block 23 of above-mentioned support 41 is to be connected with guide rail 16, this Connection Block 23 is contained in the front and back ends of guide rail 16 with two groups of rollers by guide rail longitudinal direction (y axis direction), wherein every group of roller comprises three

rollers

24,25 and 26, these rollers are rolling longitudinal directions at guide rail, and on the circumferential surface of guide rail 16, have the travel mechanism 30 of a precision in addition.

The normal that

roller

25,24 and 26 is arranged such that each roller is arranged in 120 ° of intervals facing to the circumferential surface of guide rail 16, wherein roller 24 is positioned on the top of guide rail 16, and, utilization departs from

fulcrum

24A, 25A and the 26A of roller, giving quantitatively of center line can be made

roller

24,25 and 26 eccentric.By this layout, make the position in each

roller

24,25 and 26 normals is adjustable, and roller enters and the contacting of guide rail 16 reliably whereby.This accurate travel mechanism 30 comprises the support cover 31 that is contained in the Connection Block 23; A contiguous block 32 is placed in the retaining sleeve 31 movably, and is combined in slidably on the excircle of supporting accurate moving track 19; A rotating locking bundle of circles hand 33 by retaining sleeve 31 is supported for contiguous block 32 being moved to the right among Fig. 3, suitably combines the support 41 of supporting accurate moving track 19 to pass contiguous block 32 together.At the spiral part of the front end of locking bundle of circles hand 33, be to may be screwed in the contiguous block 32, and a bundle of circles hand position is flatly outstanding from the side surface of Connection Block 23.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 4, the Connection Block 27 of support 42 is to combine with guide rail 17, and this Connection Block 27 is equipped with one group of roller respectively at the front and back ends of the longitudinal direction (y axis direction) of guide rail 17, and wherein every group of roller comprises two rollers 28 and 29.Facing to these rollers 28 of the circumferential surface of

guide rail

17 and 29 normal is to arrange to be spaced 180, be positioned at the top and the bottom of guide rail 17 respectively, these rollers can be made eccentric, this gives fixed offset, is the amount that the center line of each

roller

28 and 29 departs from the center line of fulcrum 28A and 29A.By this layout, roller 28 in the normal and 29 position are made adjustable again, these

rollers

28 and 29 whereby, and promptly supporting 42 axial (X-axis line directions) at supporting axis 15 is movably.

The both ends of rail plate 46 are supported in

support

41 and 42 respectively, and this

support

41 and 42 is equipped with fulcrum regulating device 51 as changing the fulcrum of rolling guide 46 separately, on the inside surface separately of

support

41 and 42, constitutes pressure bearing surface 52 respect to one another.As shown in Figure 5, fulcrum regulating device 51 comprises 4

point regulators

53,54,55 and 56, and these point regulators are contained in and support on 41 or 42 the position, and these positions are relative with the upper and lower position on the front or rear surface of rail plate 46 respectively; Each screw 57 also is contained in and supports 41 or 42 position, and this position is relative with the lower surface of rail plate 46, and is used as the lower surface of supporting rail plate 46.In the point regulator 53 to 56 each all is made of following part in addition: be fixed on the nut 58 that supports on 41 or 42; Locating sleeve 59 in the available screw precession stiffnut 58, the front of locating sleeve 59 nestles up the front or rear surface of rail plate 46; A bolt 60 passes this locating sleeve 59, and in the precession rail plate 46.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 6, rail plate 46 is equipped with U

type regulating part

61 and 62 respectively at its end opposite position place, these two U

type regulating parts

61 and 62 be fixing of can regulating on certain position, slide block 71 is contained between them movably.As shown in Figure 7, each in the

regulator

61 and 62 all is made of following part: L type the 1st regulating part 63 nestles up the front surface and the lower surface of rail plate 46; An I type regulating part 64 nestles up the rear surface of rail plate 46; Bolt 65 passes the upper part of rail plate 46 and precession the 1st regulating part 63 from the upper part of the 2nd regulating part 64.By this layout, the 1st with the 2nd regulating part 63 with 64 on the position relative rail plate 46 can regulate.Thereby it is relative with pressure bearing surface 52 that each part of the 1st regulating part 63 and the 2nd regulating part 64 is equipped with a termination surface 66, and pressure bearing surface 52 is respectively formed in the support 41 and 42.This termination surface 66 contacts Face to face with pressure bearing surface 52, makes the run duration of slide block, owing to the startup of slide block, stop, 々 such as collision, in the equal error of the gap of screw thread, do not become flexible.All have bolt-inserting hole 67 in each part in the 1st regulating part 63 and the 2nd regulating part 64, as inserting bolt 68, this bolt 68 be as closely, securely the 1st regulating part 63 or the 2nd regulating part 64, be fixed to and support on 41 or 42 the pressure bearing surface 52.In addition, the diameter of each in the bolt-inserting hole 67 diameter than bolt 68 slightly is big, so that when rail plate 46 is regulated in its fulcrum, the 1st regulating part 63 and the 2nd regulating part 64 also can be closely, be fixed firmly to and support on 41 and 42.

And, shown in Fig. 6 and 8, slide block 71 is equipped with 4 rollers 72 to 75 and two

other roller

76 and 77 in its opposite sides, wherein roller 72 to 75 rotates on the top and bottom limit of the preceding and rear surface of rail plate 46, and

roller

76 and 77 turns are on the top and bottom surface of rail plate 46.A position detector 79 is housed in this slide block 71, and as the position of detecting slide block 71, this position detector 79 is with being contained on the rear surface of rail plate 46, and a scale of placing along its longitudinal direction is consistent.Slide block 71 is equipped with an accurate travel mechanism 80 in its top bit, accurate moving track 48 moves owing to slide, this precision travel mechanism 80 be used as along the accurate moving slider 71 of X-axis line direction, and slide block 11 is fixed on its front surface by main shaft support seat 91.This precision travel mechanism 80 comprises: be fixed on anchor clamps 81 on the slide block 71; A web member 82 is contained in the anchor clamps 81 movably, and is coupled to slidably on the accurate moving track 48 that slides; A locking bundle of circles hand 83 moves web member 82 along the direction that is vertically intersected on the accurate moving track 48 that slides, and suitably the accurate moving track 48 that slides is combined with slide block 71 by web member 82.This precision travel mechanism 80 is usually as the layout that is contained in the accurate travel mechanism 30 in the Connection Block 23.

This main shaft is supported seat 91, a main shaft 92 is housed, it be with respectively with the mode vertical moving (z axis direction) of

guide rail

16,17 and rail plate 46 square crossings, for locking main shaft 92 on the position of needs, be connected to the following position of main shaft one side with the thread part of a locking bundle of circles hand 93.Being fixed to the bottom of main shaft 92, is an activation signal detector 94 as measuring piece.

To be narrated the assembling and the measuring method of present embodiment below.At first, supporting 41 and 42 is to support by the guide rail on the base plate 11 16 and 17, they are on the top surface perpendicular to base plate 11, and they are separated by in parallel with each other one and give fixed distance, subsequently, crossbearer is to regulate with point regulator device 51 at two fulcrums that support the rail plate 46 on 41 and 42.

In order to carry out this adjusting, at first, a kind of standard size part is contained on the substrate 1, after this regulate, so that bolt 60 pines to a suitable degree of point regulator 53 to 56, locating sleeve 59 separately moves point-blank, and bolt 57 moves point-blank, touch signal probe 94 is to contact with a kind of standard size part, and it can move at X-axis line and z axis direction respectively.

In the finishing of this embodiment, the 1st regulating part 63 in the regulating

part

61 and 62 and the termination surface 66 of the 2nd regulating part 64, closely be attached on the pressure bearing surface 52 that supports in 41 and 42, after this, bolt 68 injects bolt-inserting hole 67, thereby the 1st and the 2nd regulating

part

63 and 64 is fixed to and supports on 41 and 42.

Then, each bolt 65 that connects the 1st regulating part 63 and the 2nd regulating part 64, they are strained each other, thereby rail plate 46 is fixed to by regulating

part

61 and 62 and supports on 41 and 42, and regulating

part

61 and 62 termination surface 66 are closely, are fixed firmly on the pressure bearing surface 52 that supports in 41 and 42.

When finishing by above-mentioned adjusting, the three dimension measurement instrument of similar routine, this touch signal probe 94 is to move in three degree directions, and detector 94 taken to the position of the workpiece that will measure contacts, 々 such as the size that it can measuring workpieces of continuing, profile.

In this case, even because sliding shoe 71 moving in X-axis line direction, collide on regulating

part

61 and 62, at regulating

part

61,62 with support between 41,42, do not produce scale error, because the termination surface 66 of regulating

part

61 and 62 is closely to be connected on the pressure bearing surface 52 that supports in 41 and 42, thereby do not influence the precision of measurement.

Therefore, in this embodiment, supporting 41 and 42 is the side surface supports of leaning on base plate 11, so that the whole area of the top surface of base plate 11 can be made an effective survey area, and base plate 11 is made of a kind of gemstone surface plate or material like that of costliness, and this base plate 11 can be accomplished very little simultaneously.Put from this, the manufacturing price of surveying instrument can reduce, moreover surveying instrument can be undersized, so that the shared space of this device can reduce.And on the top surface of base plate 11, do not have barrier so that workpiece load onto and unload unrestricted, can install than the workpiece that the top surface of base plate 11 is big, moreover the fulcrum of installation does not limit yet.The whole surface of base plate 11 is opened wide, and is so that the operator is unrestricted when selecting the position at his station, therefore, easy to use.The size of the whole housing of this surveying instrument is very little, so that this surveying instrument is light portable appliance.

And the xsect of the guide rail 16 of aforementioned mistake is circular, is cut into a surface level 21 at its lower surface; scale 22 is fixed on this surface level 21, so that scale 22 neither can be damaged, and does not also have pollutant to be stained with on the scale 22; therefore, scale 22 can be protected.

Three rollers 24 to 26 relative with aforesaid guide rail 16 are arranged to 120 ° at interval, roller 24 is arranged in the top of guide rail 16, so that this roller 24 can stably bear the load of this structure, locking garden handle 33 members such as grade, can be fixed on the side surface of Connection Block 23, therefore it is not outstanding from the top surface of base plate 11 locking bundle of circles hand 33 members such as grade, makes not the loading onto and unload and can cause any trouble of workpiece.

Three rollers 24 to 26 are arranged to the position relation of above-mentioned mistake with guide rail 16, and two

rollers

28 and 29 relative orbits 17 are arranged in vertical direction, deviate from each other on 180 the position, therefore, support 41 and 42 adjustings and they adjustings in the z axis direction in X-axis line direction, can be by finishing individually with the offset of

roller

24,25,26,28 and 29.By this layout, the adjusting operation that reaches the micron number magnitude can be quite easy.

When the installation of total finishes, itself regulate accurately by touch signal probe 94.By using fulcrum regulating device 51 to regulate, consequently do not require and in very short time, can finish installation under the mounting condition of high degree of skill.In addition, after installation, can regulate, therefore, it can reduce high accurately machined part number, can regulate easily and can guarantee under the precision conditions, reduce manufacturing price widely, because during transportation can regulate at an easy rate, so that can improve rodability.

And, this rail plate 46 is fixed to and supports on 41 and 42, it is immovable at the moving direction of slide block 71, and it is by regulating

part

61 and 62 and be not fixed to by fulcrum regulating device 51 and support on 41 and 42, therefore, even owing to reasons such as moving of slide block 71 collide on regulating

part

61 and 62, can not produce scale error at regulating

part

61,62 with between supporting 41,42 yet, because the termination surface 66 of regulating

part

61 and 62 is closely to be attached on the pressure bearing surface 52 that supports in 41 and 42, thereby, do not influence the degree of accuracy of measurement.

As for measuring piece in the above-described embodiment, only represented a kind of in the contact-type structure, it is touch signal probe 94, but, according to needs of the present invention, the measuring piece that not necessarily is limited to this structure, and can use other contact-type structure as the 々 such as measuring piece, laser length measuring instrument that use static capacity.

The present invention not necessarily is limited to the three dimension measurement instrument, also can be suitable for twice measuring instrument, and wherein the direction of measuring piece in three axis directions can not move, for example, and the measuring instrument of profiling. But it is comparatively effective that the present invention is used for the three dimension measurement instrument, and structure therein is large-sized and manufacturing expense is high.

As described above, the present invention can provide coordinate-measuring instrument, wherein effective utilization on base top surface is improved, widened the energy measurement category, solved the difficulty that workpiece is loaded onto and unloaded, also have, can support at an easy rate installation and the adjusting of the members such as rail plate, and not produce during use trueness error.

Claims

1, a coordinate-measuring instrument comprises: the pair of guide rails of exposing from the opposite sides of a base plate, with along the movably a pair of support supported of mode of guide rail, the rail plate of crossbearer in above-mentioned support, and a removable slide block of measuring piece is arranged at this rail plate upper supporting belt; Wherein from the moving of measuring piece, measure physical dimension of workpiece or the like, it is characterized in that: an above-mentioned support is supported on the guide rail, and can carry out locational adjusting perpendicular to the vertical direction on base top surface with other direction that this vertical direction intersects vertically; Another above-mentioned support is supported on another root guide rail, and the horizontal direction of this root guide rail is mobile, and is irremovable in vertical direction; Also have, be contained in the fulcrum regulating device of the connecting portion between rail plate and the support; At least can regulate at two mutually perpendicular axis directions in order to make measuring piece, the fulcrum of rail plate changes by the fulcrum regulating device, therefore, when regulating part can provide adjusting position and be fixed on the above-mentioned guide rail, and it gives fixed tightness degree when contacting with above-mentioned support from a kind of, the rail plate of regulating fulcrum is irremovable, but is fixed in the moving direction of slide block.

2, be characterised in that by the described coordinate-measuring instrument of claim 1: the xsect of an above-mentioned guide rail is a circle, and is cut into a surface level is used for fixing a scale on the lower surface of guide rail.

3, be characterised in that by the described coordinate-measuring instrument of claim 2: support an above-mentioned support by three rollers, the normal of these rollers is facing to the circumferential surface of above-mentioned guide rail, and be arranged in 120 ° of intervals, these rollers can be eccentric to the roller centre axis, wherein have a roller to be positioned on the top of xsect of above-mentioned guide rail.

4, be characterised in that by the described coordinate-measuring instrument of claim 1: the xsect of above-mentioned another guide rail generally is circular and above-mentioned other support holds on by two rollers, and these two row of rollers are listed in vertical direction and become 180 at interval.

5, be characterised in that by the described coordinate-measuring instrument of claim 1: above-mentioned fulcrum regulating device is contained in respectively in the above-mentioned support, each fulcrum regulating device comprises: four point regulators are on the upper and lower position to the front or rear surface that stands in above-mentioned rail plate, and above-mentioned relatively rail plate adjustable position; A screw is supported the lower surface of above-mentioned rail plate, and can directly move.

6, be characterised in that by the described coordinate-measuring instrument of claim 5: above-mentioned point regulator comprises: be fixed to the nut in the support; Locating sleeve is with being threaded onto in the above-mentioned nut, and the front end that leans against it withstands above-mentioned rail plate; A bolt passes above-mentioned locating sleeve also with being threaded onto in the above-mentioned rail plate.

7, be characterised in that by the described coordinate-measuring instrument of claim 1: at above-mentioned regulating part with between supporting, constitute the contact of above-mentioned termination, make the pressure support surface closely contact each other with the termination surface, wherein the pressure support surface is formed on above-mentioned two of position opposite each other relation and supports, two termination surfaces be with the regulating part of above-mentioned pressure bearing surface opposite location relation on.

8, be characterised in that by the described coordinate-measuring instrument of claim 7: each above-mentioned pressure bearing surface extends on the axial direction of the above-mentioned rail plate that intersects vertically.

9, be characterised in that by the described coordinate-measuring instrument of claim 1: above-mentioned regulating part forms a U type, above-mentioned rail plate is included in the U type regulating part, and the upper part of U type is passed a bolt and is connected to each other, and therefore, above-mentioned regulating part is fixed on the above-mentioned rail plate.

10, be characterised in that by the described coordinate-measuring instrument of claim 9: above-mentioned regulating part is made of same T type the 2nd a regulating part combination of L type the 1st regulating part.

11, be characterised in that by the described coordinate-measuring instrument of claim 9: above-mentioned regulating part is bolted on the above-mentioned termination surface.

12, be characterised in that by the described coordinate-measuring instrument of claim 1: support accurate travel mechanism for one, be contained in the position, bottom of above-mentioned support, constitute a locking bundle of circles hand of above-mentioned accurate travel mechanism, this locking bundle of circles hand extends in one aspect from the top surface of above-mentioned base plate, and should locking bundle of circles hand not from the top surface projection of base plate.