CN85104567B - Glass melter - Google Patents
Glass melter Download PDFInfo
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- CN85104567B CN85104567B CN 85104567 CN85104567A CN85104567B CN 85104567 B CN85104567 B CN 85104567B CN 85104567 CN85104567 CN 85104567 CN 85104567 A CN85104567 A CN 85104567A CN 85104567 B CN85104567 B CN 85104567B
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- outlet member
- glass
- melting end
- melting
- outlet
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Abstract
The glass melting furnace melting portion of the present invention has an outlet portion for forming a heating means for controlling the discharge flow rate of the molten glass in the melting portion. The batch material for forming the molten glass is heated to a molten state in the first temperature range. The molten glass is cooled to a second temperature range when flowing to the outlet portion of the melting portion to raise the viscosity of the molten glass to a desired level. The outlet member then heats the existing molten glass to a predetermined temperature, reducing the viscosity of the glass to suit the desired flow rate. It is heated by applying a relatively low low pressure and a relatively high current to the outlet member. Thus, the use of such an outlet member as a heater enables control of the flow rate of the molten glass in the melting portion.
Description
The invention relates to glass ground kiln melting end, specially refer to so a kind of glass melter, its discharging portion forms a kind of heating unit, is used for controlling melten glass from this melting end stream material rate out.
The melting end of cell furnace, particularly those are used for producing the tank furnace melting end of glass fibre, conventionally carry out one day twenty four hours, one week seven days works continuously.But in this kind worked continuously, in melting end, the flow of melten glass must according to outside melting end, for example, expect that the fluctuation at place requires and changes.
In the forming operation of glass fibre, the melten glass in the fining end of connecting with melting end is received in material road conventionally.Fining end receives the whole flows from the melten glass of melting end, and they are sent into forward to material road again.So material road is being accepted the continuous discharge of melten glass in melting end or is being expected continuously stream, and this kind of a series of fibre glass bushing of material flow point dispensing.
Each in this series of glass fiber wire-drawing earthenware snail is provided with many wire drawing small openings above, and glass fibre draws out from these small openings, as United States Patent (USP) 4,146, disclosed in 375.From this crucible, obtain the glass fibre or the glass monofilament boundling Cheng Housi that spread out, be wound up on the head of glass fibre wire drawing machine.
In general, the load of this kind of glass melting portion, is the requirement of fibre glass bushing to melten glass that can meet predetermined maximum numbers, and each such crucible has fixed number to can be used for the small opening that glass fibre is shaped.But, because the small opening of fibre glass bushing is considerably little, likely make one or more such small openings stop up, in other words.Can not operation, thus will make certain in a series of crucibles reduce the output of glass fibre.
Therefore, the output of fibre glass bushing can produce fluctuating due to one or more wire drawing small opening generation problem that is in operation.Such problem can continue the different time cycles.Sometimes, must make whole wire-drawing crucible stop operation, thereby can significantly reduce the demand of material road to melten glass.
Because the maintenance work of wire-drawing crucible that can not operation is not usually to carry out immediately, in material road, reduce the phenomenon of melten glass demand is likely continued to a little quite long period.In addition, also had such situation, sometimes must be from the series of several crucible compositions, make a more than earthenware snail stop accepting the material stream of melten glass.
When fiber-forming service line is removed a more than wire drawing earthenware snail, the maximum possible while carrying out operation with whole wire-drawing crucibles according to its rated capacity requires to compare.Will reduce significantly the demand to melten glass in material road.
Therefore, must grasp the big or small degree of material road to the various variations of melten glass demand, and by being attached to the means of flow rate control device on melting end and so on, this variation be reacted.Ideal situation is that this kind of flow control means of glass melting portion, can accurately react the extensive variation to melten glass demand in the Working Means of connecting with melting end.
Control melten glass from a kind of currently known methods of the flow in glass melting Bu Daoliao road, comprise United States Patent (USP) 3,580, given needle-valve or firing pin type valve in 976 and 3,659,029.The mode that realizes flow control by this kind of needle-valve or firing pin type valve is that the position of tapering spindle in change-fixed diameter pipe, in order to limit or to adjust by the flow velocity of melten glass in this pipe.
Known pin valve device requires to adopt import and extremely strange expensive material, for example molybdenum or molybdenum alloy, and this class material can be resisted the harsh environment of glass melting portion and the ability of not polluting glass is limited.Finally, can make needle valve member consume, the flow control effect of this kind of valve is had a negative impact.So just be necessary to stop the work of some days of glass melting portion, in order to repair and (or) to change the needle valve assembly of loss.Because glass melting is the most profitable in the time working continuously, any cost of closing down is all very high.
From when coming, carry out the stream of molten glass of controlled melting portion with needle valve device, the extensive requirement of for processing the Liao road that is connected with glass melting portion, melten glass having been done, provides unique feasible method of dealing with problems.
So wishing can be for glass melting portion provides a kind of flow control system, and it can carry out the control of wide scope and be not required for the valve of realizing this kind of control and adopt a kind of limited flow.
Among several objects of the present invention, mainly be to provide a kind of new-type glass melting portion, a kind of new-type glass melting portion that needn't make physical restriction and just can realize the control of wide region stream material amount discharging flow, a kind of new-type glass melting portion including as the discharging portion of heating unit, there is a new-type glass melting portion for the separable discharging portion as heating unit, and the method flowing for controlling the glass metal of glass melting portion output.
Other object and feature will be partly obvious below, partly be pointed out.
According to glass melting provided by the invention portion, have the discharging portion as heating unit, this kind of heating unit can be realized widely and controlling the glass metal stream from melting end Dao Liao road.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, glass melting portion includes one and determines the melting end body that holds room that contains admixtion.Hold in room and be provided with melting appartus, be used for admixtion to be heated to melten glass state.Discharging heating unit is got the form of discharging portion, and the latter has the discharge port of a predetermined size, and this device is attached on the body of melting end separably.The most handy platinum of this discharging portion is made.
Hold in room and be provided with guidance device, guide glass metal stream into discharging portion from holding room.Guidance device comprises individual and the separated discharge member of melting appartus, and this discharge member is directly forced to discharging portion.
Joint between melting end body and discharging portion is provided with refrigerating unit, makes to be cooled to a predetermined temperature through the melten glass of initial heating.Above-mentioned cold joint mouth can, in the time that melten glass just enters discharging portion, increase to a predetermined level by its viscosity.
On discharging portion, apply lower voltage and higher electric current, just can make it heating.The heating unit of discharging portion includes a kind of temperature regulator, is used for controlling the heat that discharging portion produces.
So the melten glass flowing out from melting end is just heated to and the corresponding preset temperature of required glass viscosity by this discharging portion.Under such mode, just controlled by controlling glass viscosity through the melten glass flow velocity of discharge port.
Like this, in the time that melten glass flows out from glass melting portion, utilize this discharging portion that it is heated to predetermined temperature, just can agree to the melten glass speed that consumes the glass of frit and change the outflow of glass melting portion.Except heat is applied on discharging portion, in order to change melten glass by the flow velocity of discharging portion, needn't adopt the restriction of any reality.Accordingly, the melten glass that discharging portion just can be realized to melting end as well heater has the flow velocity of control, and this is substantially suitable with the glass metal current control scope of needle-valve acquisition.
Therefore the present invention includes structure and method hereinafter described, and the scope of application of the present invention will be pointed out in claim.
In appended figure, one embodiment of the present of invention are illustrated.
Fig. 1 is the local shaving figure of a kind of glass melting portion, is the particular embodiment of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 goes out oral fluid conductance leading-in device and controls the partial cross section figure amplification of the discharge hole device of liquid stream;
Fig. 3 is and the skeleton view that goes out the fusing structure that oral fluid conductance leading-in device is associated;
Fig. 4 is the top view of structure shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the exploded perspective illustration of controlling the fastening assembling of liquid stream outlet unit;
Fig. 6 is the fish-eye view of controlling liquid stream outlet unit;
Fig. 7 is the pilot circuit of controlling liquid stream outlet unit.
In these appended figure, corresponding reference number refers to identical corresponding component.
The glass melting portion that better enforcement of particular embodiment the present invention is fallen represents with reference number 10 conventionally in Fig. 1.
This glass melting portion 10 includes one and determines the slot type melting end body 12 that holds room 14, and this holds room and is used for containing admixtion 16.Admixtion is fused into melten glass 18 by electrode 28,30 and 32.This electrode 28,30 and 32 is separated from each other by 120 ° of intervals, can be United States Patent (USP) 3,580, the form shown in 976.Admixtion 16 can be for example sand, clay, Wingdale, a kind of known mixture from marble and several fusing assistants.The size of holding room 14 wants to contain the melten glass 18 of lower pre-determined volume.
Melting end body 12 can be supported by any known suitable method of a framework 20 use.This skeleton construction is fallen as can be adopted United States Patent (USP) 3,147, the type shown in 328.Melting end body 12 comprises the best shell being made up of copper 22, and the Inner being made up of refractory materials 24 and a kind of tackiness agent of zirconium, zirconium white, clay, aluminum oxide and so on lining 24.The pipe of the coolant flow warp of water one class
receive or otherwise conform to the outside surface of shell 22.
Referring to Fig. 1,2 and 5, melting end 10 includes export department's subassembly 34 of controlling flow, is put on melting pool body 12 with separable form by bolt 36,38,40 and 42.From Fig. 2, can see but the most clearly, this export department's subassembly 34 comprises conveying end part 44 forms, the heating device for outlet of being preferably made up of platinum.This outlet member 44 is generally concave crown shape, conventionally has a columniform wall portion 46 and a wedged bottom 48, and this wedged bottom has a central outlets 50 among small opening pipe 51.If desired, also can make wall portion 46 form towards the gentle slope of central outlets 50 form.
There is an annular flange at the upstream end of outlet member 44
two ends 54 and 56 of protruding from outlet member 44 wall portions 46 are set simultaneously in opposite directions.Be furnished with a screen sieve 58 across outlet member 44 upstream end tops, have many apertures 60 above.This screen sieve 58, end 56 and annular flange 52 are integral parts of outlet member 44, make equally with platinum.
Spout assembly
a refractory materials system be the conventionally cover 61 of large dihedral form, it gets up whole outlet member 44 packages substantially, except end 54 and 56 and annular flange 52 these parts.A supporting frame 63 of getting common hex form is equipped with in the bottom of spout assembly 34, around the periphery of this refractory materials cover 61.The a pair of parts 65 and 67 of placing in opposite directions of framework 63 have the termination being stretched over outside sexangle part, are used for limiting frame 63.On parts 65, there is the opening 69 and 71 of fitted bolt 36 and 42, and on parts 67, have the opening 73 and 75 of fitted bolt 38 and 40.The lateral member that is L-type with a pair of cross section 77 and 79 couples together parts 65 and 67 by mode shown in Fig. 6.Deposit at such cloth, spout assembly 34 is connected to the bolt 36,38,40 and 42 on melting end body 12, all insulate by refractory materials cover 63 and outlet member 44.
Melten glass, arriving before outlet member 44, is guided by a discharge member 62, makes melten glass 18 hold the hot-zone of room 14 along the path flows of outlet from melting end 10.Discharge member 62 is a kind of common cylindrical members, is connected in fact with outlet 44, is preferably made up of molybdenum.
In discharge member 62, be surrounded with the heater coil 64 that preferably molybdenum forms.This heater coil is bearing on the conductive pole 66 that stretched an insulating part 68.It is also preferably on the annular support plate 70 made from molybdenum that insulating part 68 is placed on one.Support plate 70 is bolted on framework 20 by a collection of, this batch of bolt circular periphery on support plate 70---separate.Bolt 72 makes shell 22 and framework 20 interconnect equally, and includes suitable partition 74,76 and 78.
Can with any known appropriate ways, for example, use bolt (not shown in the figures bright) that a supporting ring 80 (being preferably made up of brass) is attached on support plate 70.Be arranged with tubulation 82 by this supporting ring 80, be used for for example the flow through cooling fluid of inlet/ outlet pipe 84 and 86 of circulation.Supporting ring
Like this, liner
90,92 and 94 play the effect that makes outlet member 44 and melting end main body 12 electrical isolations.
The power supply of electrode 28,30 and 32 and the power supply of heater coil 64 all belong to conventionally form, and separate with the power supply of outlet member 44.
The pull up circuit of outlet member 44 is generally indicated with the reference number 110 in Fig. 7.Circuit 110 is furnished with the voltage of 480 volts between two primary sides 112 and 114.This voltage is to be fed to by a power unit 116, and the latter comprises two reverse parallel thyrodes.Power unit 116 be West Virginia Fairmont electronic system company sell that, the trade mark is ECS7500.The primary winding 118 of water-cooled transformer is connected on power unit 116, and secondary coil 120 is connected on the outlet member 44 of glass melting portion 10 by wire.
The heat that outlet 44 produces is applied to voltage and the electric current on outlet 44 corresponding to secondary coil 120.Therefore,, along with the voltage at secondary coil 120 places and the increase of electric current, the heat being dissipated by outlet member 44 has also increased.Thermopair 122 reactions are applied to the heat on outlet member 44, and a signal being fed on controller 124 is provided, and this effect of signals power device removes to control the power being fed on outlet member 44.
In the operational process of glass melting portion 10, admixtion 16 is rendered on the surface of melten glass 18 of holding room 14 continuously.Simultaneously by melten glass 18, utilize direct heating by glass melting by the electric current between electrode 28,30 and 32.Fall as, between electrode, the temperature of melten glass is about 3500～4000 °F.
Sometimes, extraneous carefully draw or other impurity can gather and hold in room 14, and generally can be deposited to the bottom on fusing ground.Extend to the discharge member 62 of refractory liner 24 tops, can avoid the component of any non-vitreous to enter on the passage of the output material stream that discharge member 62 and outlet member 44 limit.
Can be sure of, in the flow pattern of the melten glass 18 in discharge member 62 outsides due to the impact of discharge member but upward, and this melten glass 18 falls into discharge member 62 in this, and under the glass temperature higher than adjacent refractory liner 24, be transported to outlet member 44.
When melten glass 18 enters discharge member 62, it is just by the coil 64 of well heater, and this coil 64 is mainly to stop and any moment of must reworking works at the initial operation of melting end 10 or glass metal stream.Like this, during melting end 10 normal operations, coil 64 is not given delivery pipe heat supply.
Now, please especially referring to Fig. 2, in the time that melten glass 18 flows to supporting ring 80 downwards and is positioned at the metal level place of cooling tube 82 wherein, formed a kind of cold joint and viscosity is increased.The object that this cold junction closes is to solve such problem, ought enter the large heat of melten glass 18 of discharge member 62, and so-called runaway condition so that the heating function forfeiture effect of spout assembly 34 just likely occur.So the cold-weldable being made up of supporting ring 80 and cooling tube, has ensured can not occur runaway condition.This kind of cold joint also can prevent that glass from flowing between discharge part 62 and support plate 70, and flows between discharge part 62 and Fiberfrax layer 92.Such cold-weldable has also prevented that glass from leaking between layer 92,90 and 94, thereby has played sealing function.
The main purpose of Fiberfrax layer 92,94 and Greencast layer 90 is to play electrical isolation effect between discharge part 62 and outlet member 44.
Be noted that the power that is input to electrode, the utmost point, according to different glass formulas, can change between 450 kilowatts to approximately 800 kilowatts.Under such environment, owing to having conductivity between glass 18 and electrode 28,30,32 and making electric current pass through electrode 28,30,32 and discharge the glass between part 62, causing discharge part 62 can the potential voltage having more than 100 volts of Enough.Thereby when outlet member 44 adopt 3～4 volts voltage and 2500～10000 peace the magnitude of current time, just must make this outlet member and discharge member 62 carry out electrical isolation.
Melten glass enters in the process of outlet member 44, can flow through screen sieve 58, and this screen sieve 58 contributes to prevent that any large foreign particle that enters discharge part 62 from flowing out through outlet member 44 mistakenly.The effect of outlet member 44 is to reheat melten glass 18, its temperature is elevated to be enough to realize this melten glass the level of viscosity required while outflow from discharge port 50 and corresponding flow velocity.
If it is too low to enter the viscosity of melten glass 18 of outlet member 44, even by further heating glass of outlet member 44, can not adjust to any required viscosity.So just likely there is a kind of not controlled or out of control liquid-flow state.
The principle of work of outlet member 44 is to receive the glass a little less than required temperature, then further heats this glass, makes its temperature raise and viscosity is dropped to desirable predeterminated level.Outlet member 44 is applied to voltage and the electric current of pre-determined amount, just can accurately adjust the viscosity of glass.
For example, while being annual 2000 tonnes for the melting pool body of 2 meters of diameters and the potential production of frit, the structure of outlet member 44 can be proved effective as follows: make this outlet member be about 4 inches from annular flange 52 to the overall height of wedged bottom 48, and its Inner footpath is about
inch.Flange 52 can have approximately
the external diameter of inch.
Wedged bottom 48 vertically falling from cylindrical wall 46 to discharge port 50 is about 1 inch.The small opening pipe 51 that limits discharge port 50 can be got the length of approximately 3/4 inch and the Inner footpath of approximately 1/2 inch.
The platinum material thickness that forms outlet member 44 is preferably about 0.060 inch, and in order to form wedged bottom 48, the thickness of platinum material can be with 0.050 inch.54 and 56 of ends can
the thickness of inch.The thickness of annular flange is about 0.20 inch, and the thickness of screen sieve is about 0.50 inch, and the opening diameter of screen sieve 58 is about 1/2 inch.
Under such arrangement, just can control good melten glass from the glass melting Bu Zhiliao road flow velocity of (not showing bright), Ci Liao road can be 18 fibre glass bushings (not showing bright) feed, and each crucible has 100 above glass fibre shaping small openings.
Even if there are one or more fibre glass bushings (not showing bright) to stop operation completely, also can keep the continuity of producing.Change the just charge level fluctuation requirement in energy full remuneration material road (not showing bright) of heat that outlet member 49 produces, the liquid current control that this outlet member provides is according to the molten glass viscosity of the small opening 50 of flowing through, instead of the gimmick of any physical restriction is carried out in that dependence in the past to flow velocity.
Can see according to above description, some objects of the present invention realize already, and obtain some other advantageous results.
Owing to can above structure and method being made to various changes not departing from scope Inner of the present invention, therefore can think, it is all the justice that infinitely terminates in this with explaining that all Inner mentioned above or shown in the drawings hold.
Claims (18)
1. a melting end for glass melter, comprising: limit and contain the melting end body that holds room for admixtion; Admixtion is heated to the melting appartus of melten glass state in this chamber; Outlet member on melting end body, is used for limiting the liquid flowing route of output and has the discharge port of a pre-sizing; Hold the guidance device in room, it is on outlet member and with this part and insulate, and is used for molten glass flow to guide outlet member into; The refrigerating unit of the position of glass in the cooling guidance device of energy; The device of the direct electric power that communicates with outlet member, make this outlet member play a part resistance, and the electric power providing to outlet member according to said power unit heats up; With the temperature-control device that outlet member is connected with power supply, be used for controlling the heat forming in outlet member, so as to controlling along aforementioned output liquid flowing route and by the molten glass viscosity of discharge port, thus.The valve that adopts the resistive heating of outlet member and do not need any restriction liquid to flow, just the discharging flow rate of melten glass in the body of energy controlled melting pond.
2. according to the glass melter melting end of claim 1, wherein the discharge port of outlet member has the first cross-sectional area, and outlet member has an opening for feed, be used for accepting the molten glass flow of homing equipment, this opening for feed has the second cross-sectional area that is greater than discharge port the first cross-sectional area.
3. according to the glass melter melting end of claim 2, outlet is wherein connected with guidance device in fact.
4. according to the glass melter melting end of claim 1, outlet member is wherein housed on the body of melting end separably.
5. according to the glass melter melting end of claim 1, melting end body wherein has an outside surface part, and above-mentioned outlet member can divide on the outside surface part that is installed in this melting end body.
6. according to the glass melter melting end of claim 2, there is not any hamper in discharge part wherein and the feeding mouth of outlet member, thereby can make melten glass flow into without restriction outlet member substantially.
7. according to the glass melter melting end of claim 1, discharge member wherein has a feeding end and a discharge end, and described refrigerating unit comprises a cold-zone at delivery pipe discharge end.
8. according to the glass melter melting end of claim 7, wherein, between outlet member and melting end body, there is seal, be used for making the two electrical isolation and thermal isolation.
9. according to the glass melter melting end of claim 2, guidance device wherein comprises a discharge member, and outlet member is separated and led to the latter and described melting appartus.
10. according to the glass melter melting end of applying in claim 1, wherein there is electric device to be connected on transformer, outlet member is applied to quite low voltage and quite high electric current, make the melten glass that flows through outlet member discharge port remain to preset temperature.
11. according to the glass melter melting end of claim 10, and transformer is wherein included on circuit and above-mentioned melting appartus and independently control device of heating unit placed in the middle.
12. according to the glass melter melting end of claim 11, and refrigerating unit wherein and said electric power device combine, and the melten glass of the outlet member discharge port of flowing through is controlled.
13. according to the glass melter melting end of claim 10, and outlet member is wherein to be made up of platinum material.
14. according to the molten close melting end of the glass of claim 1, and outlet member is wherein to be formed by one-piece construction.
Found the method for melten glass, comprising for 15. 1 kinds: admixtion continuous melting is become to the first melten glass state; Keep this melten glass in holding room; Set up one output liquid flowing route, from hold room through guidance device to outlet member, outlet member and guide member insulate to limit the heat exchange between them; Melten glass is flow to outlet member from holding room; By starting cooled glass in guidance device, then, utilize outlet member as a resistive element, complete the electrically heated at outlet member place, and then control melten glass changes melten glass by the flow rate of outlet member by the viscosity of outlet member; Thus, need not any flow restriction valve, only utilize the electrical resistance heating of outlet member just can control from the outlet flow rate of melten glass of holding room.
16. according to the method for claim 15, wherein, quite low voltage and quite high electric current is applied on this outlet member to heat this outlet member.
17. according to the method for claim 16, and wherein said quite low voltage is the scope at 2～4 volts, and quite high electric current is 2,500～10, the scope of 000 peace.
18. according to the method in claim 15, and outlet member is wherein to be made up of platinum.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85104567 CN85104567B (en) | 1985-06-14 | 1985-06-14 | Glass melter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85104567 CN85104567B (en) | 1985-06-14 | 1985-06-14 | Glass melter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85104567A CN85104567A (en) | 1986-12-10 |
| CN85104567B true CN85104567B (en) | 1988-09-28 |
Family
ID=4793923
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85104567 Expired CN85104567B (en) | 1985-06-14 | 1985-06-14 | Glass melter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN85104567B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112551866B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2023-01-10 | 成都中光电科技有限公司 | TFT-LCD platinum channel flow control method, device and storage medium |
-
1985
- 1985-06-14 CN CN 85104567 patent/CN85104567B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN85104567A (en) | 1986-12-10 |
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