CN85104500A - Shield type tunnel excavator - Google Patents
Shield type tunnel excavator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN85104500A CN85104500A CN85104500.6A CN85104500A CN85104500A CN 85104500 A CN85104500 A CN 85104500A CN 85104500 A CN85104500 A CN 85104500A CN 85104500 A CN85104500 A CN 85104500A
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- digging
- inner barrel
- cylindrical shell
- screening
- tunnel excavator
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Abstract
Be used for the construction method of screening of one of tunnel piercing engineering construction method, have the cylindrical shell of screening.The cylindrical shell inner-use clapboard is separated, and the front portion is positioned at the stratum, is separated into the digging chamber, has the front of the digging chamber of diging paring blade, under the driving of motor, rotates around the cylindrical shell center.Be equipped with in the shield type tunnel excavator of many blades in the diging paring blade front portion, the diameter of cylindrical shell central part of screening is bigger, columnar inner barrel and the coaxial installation of the cylindrical shell of screening, inner barrel is from the rear portion break-through dividing plate of the cylindrical shell of screening and stretch to the digging chamber, and will rotate the digging device and be fixed on the top of inner barrel ledge.The operating personnel can partly be come in and gone out by the rear end part and the jag of inner barrel.
Description
The present invention is the shield type tunnel excavator that utilizes the cylindrical shell of screening.In the digging chamber that is arranged in the cylindrical shell front portion of screening, the silt particle that digging is got off can be implemented the earth of carrying as the viscosity height, can discharge at the rear portion to the cylindrical shell of screening from the digging chamber.On the other hand, structurally, can prevent to cause the avalanche of tunnel digging face, thereby guarantee that the operating personnel in the digging chamber can successfully come in and go out owing to the pressure of earth.
Generally containing the underground first-elected construction method of screening of the representative job practices of using in the tunnel of constructing of soft foundation.The what is called construction method of screening, the cylindrical shell of will screening exactly, promptly the steel large cylinder that is provided with in order to guarantee the underground job space is pushed ahead, and the front portion that makes this cylindrical shell is gradually intrusively down to carry out the tunnel digging.Ground surface when meanwhile, guaranteeing the cylindrical shell of screening pushed ahead around the tunnel, formed cylindrical shell rear.The realization of this ground protection is the arc donor to be interconnected circularize, and makes it and the rearward end overlaid of the cylindrical shell of screening.Dependence the screen continuous propelling of cylindrical shell and the protection on ground, common stratum is from no problem, even if also can successfully construct the tunnel in broken ground.
In order to promote, now will be described in detail as the technological thought in past on basis of the present invention according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 to further understanding of the present invention.Among the figure, drive installation rotates the rotation digging device e that is loaded on the axis of rotation d at the oil motor b in the cylindrical shell a that screens of underground propelling by gear e, and the cutting blade f that then rotates digging device e just carries out digging to the digging face in tunnel.In the time of with driving oil motor b, inject the digging chamber i that the dividing plate h by the cylindrical shell a that screens is separated into if will make mud material by ascending pipe g, then get off by digging blade f digging and the silt particle that imports digging chamber i with make mud material and just mix and stir by being installed in stirring vane on the rotating sharpener f.At this moment in the i of digging chamber, just become the earth that demonstrates plastic fluidity and impermeability through well-beaten silt particle and system mud material.The earth that loads in the conveyer cylindrical shell k that in the i of digging chamber and with the earth among the i of digging chamber, sends out, and cylindrical shell a propulsive force and the interior screw spreader l of conveyer cylindrical shell k forward that screen, when tunnel digging face generation avalanche or ground water pressure rising, can the required soil pressure of maintenance bond safety.Utilization is followed the digging of tunnel digging face and is rotated further screw spreader l, makes the earth in the i of digging chamber be in the state with suitable viscosity, and moves in conveyer cylindrical shell k and be sent to the rear of the cylindrical shell a that screens.
In addition, little columnar sealed chamber m is installed on the dividing plate h that in the cylindrical shell a that screens digging chamber i is separated.Respectively there is a manhole that energy is airtight the front and back of this sealed chamber m.Therefore when having pressure reduction between the back of i with dividing plate h, digging chamber, change at needs under the situation of the digging blade f that rotates digging device e, the manhole at rear portion is opened, and the operating personnel enters sealed chamber m, closes the manhole at rear portion then.When the air pressure among the sealed chamber m with after the air pressure among the i of digging chamber is consistent and when opening anterior manhole, digging chamber i decompression, the unlikely avalanche that causes tunnel digging face, the operating personnel can enter digging chamber i.
Yet,,, can only keep the diameter more much smaller usually, for example 2 meters than the radius of the cylindrical shell of screening because sealed chamber m is installed on the barrel of the cylindrical shell a that screens from arrangement and the configuration aspects of the sealed chamber m in past.Cylindrical shell has 16 meters major diameter even screen, and the space in the sealed chamber m also is extremely narrow and small.Therefore sealed chamber m can not enter a plurality of people simultaneously, and large-scale equipment facility also is difficult to enter digging chamber i.Generally speaking, the efficient of the maintenance activity of rotation digging device e is lower, particularly frequently changes stratum such as the lithosphere that rotation digging device e adorns digging blade f for needs, and this tendency is just more obvious when the digging tunnel.
The objective of the invention is to, the operating personnel can the utmost point be come in and gone out easily screen the digging chamber of cylindrical shell, prevent the reduction of above-mentioned rotation digging machine maintenance activity efficient, particularly frequently change the occasion of digging blade, the tunnel excavator that can guarantee high-efficiency homework is provided at needs.
In order to utilize the present invention to realize this purpose, the tunnel excavator that is provided has following feature.Front portion at the cylindrical shell of screening is separated into the digging chamber with dividing plate, rotation digging device with diging paring blade is subjected to the driving of a CD-ROM drive motor, be installed in the front of digging chamber and can many digging blades be installed in the front of these diging paring blades around the rotation of the center of the cylindrical shell of screening.In the tunnel excavator that constitutes like this, the central part diameter of cylindrical shell of screening is bigger, columnar inner barrel and the coaxial installation of the cylindrical shell of screening, it is indoor that inner barrel stretches into digging from the rear end break-through dividing plate of the cylindrical shell of screening, and rotation digging device is installed on the jag of inner barrel.Simultaneously, the rear end part of inner barrel and ledge design to such an extent that the operating personnel is come in and gone out.
With additional illustration the present invention is described below, however the present invention have more than and be limited to these embodiment, comprise that also those comprise the equivalent in the additional patent claim.
In addition, employed term in this detail specifications " system mud material " is not the high viscosity earth of sneaking in the silt particle, but can invest the liquid or the granular material of plastic fluidity and impermeability, as bentonite solution, sand etc.
The implication of " plastic fluidity " this term is, has than the higher viscosity of silt particle of water mixing just, and silt particle becomes semi-harden state, and promptly the state of approximate clay can have suitable flowability by Free Transform on the other hand.
So-called " impermeability " is meant and mixes the system mud material in the silt particle and mixed and reach the high density of approximate clay, makes the permeability of water be reduced to negligible degree.
So-called " earth ", be meant silt particle and system mud material mixing stirring, make it to have plastic fluidity and impermeability, reach and to resist that the avalanche that produces on the tunnel digging face is pressed and from the pressure of the underground ground water pressure of gushing out, the earth mixtures that under this state, can directly transport from conveying end.
The simple declaration of illustration
Fig. 1 is the sectional drawing of shield type tunnel excavator major part in the past, and Fig. 2 is the plan view with a part.Fig. 3 is the sectional drawing that utilizes the shield type tunnel excavator major part that the present invention constitutes, and Fig. 4 is the elevation with a part.
Utilize Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 of the shield type tunnel excavator embodiment that the present invention constitutes, steel cylindrical shell (10) of screening to have bigger diameter with reference to expression, for example 16 meters, forwardly use dividing plate (11) to be separated out digging chamber (12).CD-ROM drive motor (14) is housed constituting on the incorporate annular peripheral framework with dividing plate (11), its output gear (15) stretches in the peripheral frame (13).On the other hand, the middle body in dividing plate (11), columnar inner barrel (16) can pass through bearing (17) to be realized rotating, and the central axes of its central axis and cylindrical shell (10) of screening.Because inner barrel (16) is positioned at the centre of the cylindrical shell of screening (10), thus enough big diameter can be used as required, to obtain bigger inner space.The rear portion of cylindrical shell (16) is positioned within the peripheral frame (13), and passes dividing plate (11) and forwards extend, and its front portion reaches the front of digging chamber (12).
The bearing strength that the rearward end of inner barrel (16) has regulation, be provided with the many spokes (18) that extend along radiation direction on the other hand in order to make the operating personnel be able to freely come in and go out, anterior in addition airtight with front panel (19), front panel (19) is provided with the manhole (20) that the operating personnel is come in and gone out.The front portion of inner barrel (16) is the protuberance of main rotation digging device, preceding circumferential section has been fixed the many main diging paring blades (22) that extend along radiation direction, many digging blades (23) have been installed in the front of each main diging paring blade (22), and many stirring fins (24) parallel with the central axis of the cylindrical shell of screening (10) have been installed overleaf.On the other hand, gear wheel (26) is fixed on the back circumferential section of inner barrel (16) by contiguous block (25).This gear wheel (26) extends and is meshed with the output gear (15) of main CD-ROM drive motor (14) along radiation direction in peripheral frame (13).On the outer rim of inner barrel (16), the inside race of ball bearing is installed between bearing (17) and the connecting block (25), the outer race of ball bearing (28) is in peripheral frame (13) inside, be installed on the annular support sleeve (29) of inner barrel (16), strengthened the bearing strength of inner barrel (16) therefrom.Therefore, when main CD-ROM drive motor (14) turned round, by output gear (15) and gear wheel (26), inner barrel (16) just rotated under the supporting of bearing (17) and ball bearing, and then drove main rotation digging device (21) rotation.
The bearing (30) that links by the inner and run through inner barrel (16) with bearing (31) driving shaft (32) that the center of front panel (19) tightens together at the center of inner barrel (16) and each spoke (18), and free to rotate.The rearward end of driving shaft (32) is supported by the bonnet (34) of the inner frame (33) that links with peripheral frame (13) by bearing (35).Inner frame (34) is equipped with auxiliary drive motor (36), and its output gear (37) stretches into inner frame (34).On the other hand, the gear (39) that is meshed with auxiliary output gear (37) is installed on the driving shaft (32) by connecting block (38), the wheel hub (41) of auxiliary rotation digging device (40) is fixed on the front end of driving shaft (32), is fixed on the wheel hub (41) along outward extending many auxiliary diging paring blades of radiation direction (42) from the corresponding position of base portion with main diging paring blade (22).Many digging blades are arranged in the front of each auxiliary diging paring blade (42), and in its back many stirring fins (44) parallel with the central axis of the cylindrical shell of screening (10) are housed.In this case, stir on the base portion of main diging paring blade (22) that fins (45) are fixed on the front panel (19) of inner barrel (16) and main rotation digging device (21) comparatively desirable with interlaced other of the stirring fin (44) of auxiliary rotation digging device (40).In addition, digging blade in center is fixed on the front end of driving shaft (32).
Peripheral frame (13) and inner frame (34) dividing plate (11) back in the cylindrical shell of screening (10) has formed the seal cavity around inner barrel (16), and is provided with the manhole (47) that can be made for industry personnel discrepancy on the periphery of inner frame (34).Like this when peripheral frame (13) and inner frame (34) form open framework, the same hermetic seal closing plate of available and front panel (19) replaces the spoke (18) of inner barrel (16) rear end, the manhole that be made for industry personnel discrepancy same with the manhole (20) of front panel (19) is set on this closure plate, and inner barrel (16) inside is made seal cavity and gets final product.Therefore, in embodiment as shown in the figure, when having pressure reduction between the digging chamber (12) of the cylindrical shell of screening (10) and dividing plate (11) rear portion, under the situation about need safeguard in digging blade (23) and (43), the manhole (47) of inner frame (34) is opened, the operating personnel is entered, again manhole (47) is closed, and make the air pressure in the seal cavity identical with the air pressure of digging chamber (12).If open the manhole (20) of front panel (19), the operating personnel can enter the front of main rotation digging device (21) at an easy rate then.Utilize this structure, seal cavity that is formed by internal and external frame (34) and (13) or the inner formed seal cavity of inner barrel (16) are compared much bigger with the sealed chamber m in past shown in Figure 1, therefore can allow several operating personnels to enter sealable space successively, and can arbitrarily move into large-scale equipment facility.
On rotation digging device (21), also can utilize hydraulic jack (48) to stretch out outer rim digging blade (49) along radiation direction.In this case, cast interface (50) is installed between bearing (30) on the driving shaft (32) and connecting block (38), first fuel feed pump (51) that will stretch into inner frame (34) is connected with cast interface (50), and will passing inner barrel (16), to stretch to digging device blade (22) inner and second fuel feed pump (52) that reach hydraulic jack (48) is connected with cast interface (50), like this can be through first fuel feed pump (51), cast interface (50) and this path of second fuel feed pump (52) make outer rim digging blade (49) action to hydraulic jack (48) fuel feeding.
On the front panel (19) of inner barrel (16), installed the supplying duct (53) that the system mud material can be provided to rotation digging device (21) front, supplying duct (53) leads to suitable system mud material supply source (not shown), supply system mud material when main rotation digging device (21) and auxiliary rotation digging device (40) rotation.In this case, when from internal and external frame (34) and (13) back supply system mud material, then the oil supply mechanism with above-mentioned hydraulic jack (48) is identical in fact, can be undertaken by the cast interface.As shown in the figure, though supplying duct (53) is attached on the front panel (19) of inner barrel (16), also can be attached on the dividing plate (11), as supply channel to digging chamber (12).In addition, also the cast interface can be attached to the rearward end of driving shaft (32), make system mud material supply pipe run through driving shaft (32) inside, and form the opening of supply pipe, so that to the front the supply system material of auxiliary rotation digging device (40) at the leading section of driving shaft (32).
Open a mouth in the bottom of dividing plate (11), link to each other with the conveyer cylindrical shell (55) of interior dress screw spreader (54).Formed earth can be by the rotation of screw spreader (54) in the digging chamber (12), along conveyer cylindrical shell (55) from the indoor outflow of digging.
In order to further specify the action that utilizes the above-mentioned shield type tunnel excavator that the present invention constitutes, the main CD-ROM drive motor of supposition (14) running now, then inner barrel (16) is rotated, be positioned at the anterior main rotation digging device (21) of inner barrel (16) simultaneously also along with rotating by output gear (15) and gear wheel (26).When the digging stratum, the cylindrical shell of screening (10) is pushed ahead (not shown) by many hydraulic jacks, and the silt particle that digging is got off enters digging chamber (12).In silt particle, mix the system mud material by supplying duct on demand, in digging chamber (12), stir, make its earthization with stirring fin (24).On the other hand, if auxiliary drive motor (36) moves simultaneously with main CD-ROM drive motor (14), then driving shaft (32) is rotated by its output gear (37) and gear (39), meanwhile, on the auxiliary rotation of leading section utilization digging device (40) digging of driving shaft (32) and the corresponding stratum of core of the cylindrical shell (10) of screening.At this moment make mud material and add in the silt particle that digging gets off, enter digging chamber (12) after the stirring through the stirring fin (45) of the stirring fin (44) of auxiliary rotation digging device (40) back and inner barrel (16) front by supplying duct (53).
The earth that forms in digging chamber (12) has had plastic fluidity, so available motor drives screw spreader (54), with advancing of the cylindrical shell of screening (10) under the hydraulic jack promotion that coexists, earth is flowed in conveyer cylindrical shell (55), and then the earth that flows in conveyer cylindrical shell (55) is discharged from the opening (not shown) at cylindrical shell (55) rear portion.Owing to can under previous status, carry from the earth that conveyer cylindrical shell (55) is discharged, so can utilize suitable carrying means to move on the ground.In addition owing to impermeability that earth had and suitably management add to the propulsive force of the cylindrical shell of screening (10) and the rotary speed of screw spreader (54) has kept suitable soil pressure, thereby can in broken ground, resist the avalanche and the groundwater pressure of tunnel digging face.
In addition, although in broken ground, the consumption of digging blade (23), (43) etc. is little, when running into lithosphere, comprise the consumption of digging blade (23), (43), the damage increasing of whole main rotation digging device (21) and auxiliary rotation digging device (40), thereby two digging devices (21) and (40) are necessary to safeguard.Although at this moment have pressure reduction between digging chamber (12) and dividing plate (11) rear portion, but because of this sizable space, salable space of passing through inner barrel (16) internal and external frame (34), (13) formed salable space or forming separately by inner barrel (16), can make many operating personnels enter the front of rotation digging device simultaneously, and large-scale equipment facility can be moved into, thereby can improve maintenance activity efficient significantly.
Utilize aforesaidly during, compare, can guarantee to rotate the high efficiency of digging device maintenance activity with the tunnel excavator in past by shield type tunnel excavator that the present invention constituted, but and then the reduction of erection time, be convenient to engineering management.In addition owing to be provided with auxiliary rotation digging device in the inner barrel front, although thereby adopted large diameter inner barrel that operating personnel's path space is enlarged, the digging and the agitating function of also unlikely reduction inner barrel front can improve these functions on the contrary.These effects are clearly.
Though the above-mentioned in addition embodiment is that the present invention is not limited to adopt this type at such tunnel excavator of the indoor formation earth of digging, also be applicable to the indoor such tunnel excavator of mud hydraulic pressure that applies of digging.
Claims (6)
1, is separated out digging chamber [12] in the front portion of the cylindrical shell of screening [10] with dividing plate [11], rotation digging device [21] with diging paring blade [22] is subjected to the driving of CD-ROM drive motor [14], be installed in the front of digging chamber [12], and can rotate around the center of the cylindrical shell of screening [10], in the front of digging device blade [22] many digging blades [23] are housed.The central part of the screening body cylindrical shell [10] in a kind of like this shield type tunnel excavator, a sizable inner barrel of diameter [16] and the coaxial installation of the cylindrical shell of screening [10] are arranged, inner barrel [16] passes dividing plate [11] and stretches into the digging chamber [12] from the rear portion of the cylindrical shell of screening [10], and on the jag of inner barrel [16], be installed with the rotation digging device [21], the rearward end of inner barrel [16] and outstanding end can be made for the industry personnel and come in and go out, and more than are exactly the feature of tunnel excavator.
2, the front portion of inner barrel (16) is in addition airtight by front panel (19), and front panel (19) is provided with and can be made for the manhole (20) that the industry personnel come in and go out.Inner barrel (16) at the rear portion of dividing plate (11) by airtight framework (13) and (34) round, framework (13) and (34) are provided with and can be made for the manhole (47) that the industry personnel come in and go out.This i.e. the 1st described shield type tunnel excavator.
3, many spokes (18) that stretch out along radiation direction are fixed on above-mentioned the 2nd the described shield type tunnel excavator of inner barrel (16) rearward end.
4, the front portion of inner barrel (16) is airtight in addition by front panel (19), and the rear portion of inner barrel (16) also is provided with airtight cover plate.Be respectively equipped with on the cover plate at fore front panel and rear portion and can be made for the manhole (20) that the industry personnel come in and go out.This is above-mentioned the 1st described shield type tunnel excavator.
5, driven by another CD-ROM drive motor (36) and be supported free to rotately through the driving shaft (32) at inner barrel (16) center, another rotation digging device (40) is fixed on the leading section of the driving shaft (32) that forwards stretches out from inner barrel (16), many digging blades (43) are being arranged in the front of the diging paring blade (42) of this rotation digging device (40), and in the central authorities of rotation digging device (40) center digging blade (46) are housed.This is promptly from any one above-mentioned the 1st to the 4th described shield type tunnel excavator.
6, the end of the diging paring blade (42) of another rotation digging device (40) extends to and is loaded on the corresponding position of diging paring blade (22) base portion of the anterior rotation digging device (21) of inner barrel (16), promptly above-mentioned the 5th described shield type tunnel excavator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85104500 CN1006821B (en) | 1985-06-12 | 1985-06-12 | Shield type tunnel excavator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85104500 CN1006821B (en) | 1985-06-12 | 1985-06-12 | Shield type tunnel excavator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85104500A true CN85104500A (en) | 1986-12-10 |
| CN1006821B CN1006821B (en) | 1990-02-14 |
Family
ID=4793879
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 85104500 Expired CN1006821B (en) | 1985-06-12 | 1985-06-12 | Shield type tunnel excavator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1006821B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102312674A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-01-11 | 李志伟 | Tunneling rotary knife rest |
| CN102841030A (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-12-26 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Test platform used in researching tunnel boring machine tool rock breaking mechanism |
| CN105275473A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-01-27 | 梁定辉 | Propulsion device for pipeline mining |
| CN107664036A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-06 | 上海力行工程技术发展有限公司 | A kind of center assembly for connecting shield cutter and cutter plate driver axle |
-
1985
- 1985-06-12 CN CN 85104500 patent/CN1006821B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102841030A (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-12-26 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Test platform used in researching tunnel boring machine tool rock breaking mechanism |
| CN102841030B (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2015-06-10 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Test platform used in researching tunnel boring machine tool rock breaking mechanism |
| CN102312674A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-01-11 | 李志伟 | Tunneling rotary knife rest |
| CN105275473A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-01-27 | 梁定辉 | Propulsion device for pipeline mining |
| CN107664036A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-06 | 上海力行工程技术发展有限公司 | A kind of center assembly for connecting shield cutter and cutter plate driver axle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1006821B (en) | 1990-02-14 |
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