CN85104499A - A kind of improved solar water heating system - Google Patents
A kind of improved solar water heating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN85104499A CN85104499A CN198585104499A CN85104499A CN85104499A CN 85104499 A CN85104499 A CN 85104499A CN 198585104499 A CN198585104499 A CN 198585104499A CN 85104499 A CN85104499 A CN 85104499A CN 85104499 A CN85104499 A CN 85104499A
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- storage tank
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- hot water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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Abstract
A kind of solar storage-ing water system, it has a flat recipient, recipient can be connected to a pair of identical memory cell areas, each memory cell areas all has a metal plate, it and header and a single S shape curve riser keep thermo-contact, and close envelope by a windowpane cover.Recipient keeps flow circuit to be connected with a storage tank, in this storage tank, lean on the further thermally stratified layer of porous riser, the hot water layer through thermally stratified layer of antipriming pipe by storing, entering water and will be tending towards in an isothermal layer, mixing storage water like this by solar energy heating.This system can be used to family, public organizations or industry need provide up to about 70 ℃ hot water.
Description
The present invention generally relates to provides solar water heating system, and this system is applicable to the house provides hot water and is applicable to water temperature is required to reach other about 70 ℃ application.
Once the shortcoming of disclosed solar water heating system mainly was in the past: need desired minimum gratifying effect for reaching general family, the manufacturing cost of any system is all very expensive.On a certain improved angle, the invention discloses a kind of set (these systems are according to the ability to accept in market and make economic angle and consider to select) of known features of this system, together with a kind of combination of useful feature newly.When utilization had been in the hot-water heating system of connecting airtight the temperature difference circulatory system type of closing, this invention provided a kind of particularly useful combination.
In solar water heating system, especially in being used as the solar water heating system of housed device, the widest system of market all has the part of a single storage tank as this system, in order to storage hot water, in this storage tank, put into an auxiliary electrical element, so that under the situation that effective sunshine lacks, remedy for the situation that does not reach desired water storage heating owing to lack solar energy.This auxiliary thermal source can be constant temperature or/and time control.In these systems, comprise purchased commodities the most public's welcome (not needing the area of extra defroster at those at least is like this) of the components of system as directed of connecting airtight the temperature difference circulatory system type of closing, this is because reason economically.
This back one type system has an elongated cylindrical tank usually, the just parallel top that the flat solar collector of heat energy is provided for it that is placed on of this storage tank.Utilizing temperature difference circulatory system principle that thereby the water that is utilized is circulated thermal energy transfer (by being the water outlet of thermo-contact with the plane baffle of recipient) under the situation of storage tank, a lot of documents and materials have been pointed out the importance of thermally stratified layer degree in storage tank, and this works solar energy for a mounted hot-water heating system for a long time is a deciding factor.In October, 1984 on " international solar energy society conference " that New Zealand holds, GL Morrison and JE Blang have proposed one piece by name " system simulation and operating characteristic of temperature difference circulatory system solar water heater ".In an example of this article, discussed theoretical foundation emphatically about some aspect of this invention from the viewpoint of practicality.Report according to this article, in two years, for a vertical storage tank (height is 1 with the ratio of diameter), the effect that the effect that sun the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge plays utilizes a horizontal reservoir sun the subject of knowledge and the object of knowledge to play in during areal is same, this result is by simulation and tests observed.
By this research as can be seen, generally speaking, the solar energy effect that vertical storage tank obtained exceeds about 5%～10% than the solar energy effect that horizontal reservoir obtained, these systems have an auxiliary firing equipment that is installed in the storage tank, it can be continuous operation, also can only work at night.By simulated test, this research trends towards also illustrating that a storage tank with height thermally stratified layer provides a kind of improved solar energy effect with respect to a kind of mixing storage tank.
Obtained for Mo Lisi and Blang's report a kind of about identical trend total understanding and admitting for the market popularity of the horizontal reservoir temperature difference circulatory system for economically with the situation of the motivated reason of coml under, the present inventor's design feature of known (although knowing seldom in some cases) solar water heating system usually carries out combination in a kind of mode of novelty, this purchaser that is combined into future provides a chance: buy this class solar water heater with lower capital cost, and because the improvement of operating efficiency has reduced the phase of giving back.
This invention generally includes an improved solar water heating system, and this system has a water tank to a dull and stereotyped solar collector of water directly-heated type and columnar structured a carried out thermally stratified layer, and an auxiliary thermal source that is in the jar is arranged in this water tank.This solar collector preferably is connected with storage tank by this way, thereby can utilize the temperature difference circulatory system to make water circulation between the water channel of solar collector and storage tank.This disclosure of the Invention several features so that the thermally stratified layer that takes place in storage tank is reached at utmost, the purpose of doing like this be do long-term consider in, can improve solar energy all thermal output roles for water in this system.
By disclosing a flat solar collector, the present invention has illustrated these purposes, in recipient, the water channel of a single riser only keeps thermo-contact with the pipe of certain-length, perhaps each baffle includes only the pipe of certain-length, yet the diameter of this pipe is not more than the diameter at the straight-through riser of common compound solar collector, so that be increased in the friction pressure above the absorber wittingly.
This of single length pipe formation has optimum size, and its face revolves bending (or sigmoid curve) shape.In the way of recommendation of the present invention, be that employed here riser is S-shaped curve shape with a difference of common flat solar collector (wherein two parallel headers are in fact flatly installed and these headers are connected by a lot of in fact straight-through parallel risers).
The invention provides or two horizontal header positions near dull and stereotyped opposite side edge, or a single header and a single S shape curve riser, be equipped with one section common horizontal length in order to finish the function of one second header at the stop bits of this pipeline.Each end at header has a jockey, also is like this at the sigmoid curve riser away from the dull and stereotyped end of the absorber of header.If for each absorber plate provides two headers, any independent absorber plate of quantity that needs can parallelly couple together so that the solar collector of a required energy to be provided, if a single header is installed on each absorber flat board, can be with dull and stereotyped parallel the linking together of two independent absorbers, but two flat boards can be changed mutually.This latter event is particularly useful for the domestic hot water system of common use, and the tank capacity that this system has is between 250～350 liters.No matter be that this is with single header with two headers, each absorber flat board can be enclosed in respectively in the cloche case by the utmost point easily, in this cover case, be preferably in dull and stereotyped downside and install heat insulator around all edges.Can save at the insulating materials around the sloping edge place, the recipient work loss of doing like this to provide the temperature of water storage to be produced between 55～70 ℃ family expenses recipient for needs is negligible.
In this invention on the other hand, the duty to this solar collector of the embodiment of relevant solar water heating system (temperature range of this system is 55～70 ℃, and this is the temperature of generally being accepted for common domestic hot water system) is best.This optimum state is by the plane with absorber, or the plane area generation spaced apart on absorber (being pressed under the situation of shape of water channel at it) surface, this distance is less than the common distance from glass plate, this glass plate be positioned at installation the absorber cover to upper surface.
About widely used solar collector, practice widely followed in the past is the spacing that keeps being at least 25～30mm between glass and flat board.
In the patent application before some (for example AU12191/76), utilize the maximum loss that suppresses free convection to reach the optimum state of theoretic recipient rate energy, such as, lean against and carry out the trellis separation in the space between flat board and the lid, in this case, the clearance between flat board and the lid is greater than 30mm.
A kind of different disposal method of the present invention is not used a kind of trellis thermal convection current restraining device, but select an optimal spatial, like this, the maximum loss of recipient very high accepted fluid temperature (F.T.) (this temperature will be higher than the needed temperature of domestic hot water system) time and will be increased relatively at one, but the usefulness of recipient will improve down in average recipient fluid temperature (F.T.) (in 55～70 ℃ of desirable scopes).Invent now, the space of flat board and lid is particularly useful between 15～20mm at this disclosed solar collector when being used in the domestic hot water system.The selection in this space also has the another one advantage, has promptly reduced the stagnation temperature of recipient, thereby makes the overheated trend of water of system be reduced to minimum level under the situation of strong Exposure to Sunlight.
By means of accompanying drawing the present invention is described more fully below, wherein Fig. 1 is a plane according to a solar collector of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a storage tank of a hot-water heating system according to a further aspect in the invention.
Referring now to Fig. 1, two solar collector memory cell areas 1 and 1a have two shallow covering cube covers 2 and 2a, and this cover covers (not shown) by the glazing plate.At reference number 3 places, memory cell areas 1 has an inlet that leads to a storage tank (see figure 2).Two memory cell areas are identical, but interconnect, thereby can change mutually.Each memory cell areas all comprises a fluid circulation channel, and this passage is made up of two arms; First arm is straight-through in fact header 6 and 6a, and second arm is that face revolves bending or sigmoid curve riser 5 and 5a.Each header 6 and 6a finish in its end in case 7 and the 7a place memory cell areas is interconnected.The end of sigmoid curve riser part 8 and the 8a place memory cell areas is interconnected.Memory cell areas interconnect be from 7 to 8a and from 8 to 7a.The water of heating is left interconnective solar collector memory cell areas from the return pipe that the solar collector memory cell areas is sent in the storage tank 4.The area under control of each solar collector memory cell areas all is attached on the selection surface with the form of thermo-contact, utilizes any suitable known metal method of attachment (for example welding or low humidity welding) that copper or aluminium flat board are covered on the above-mentioned surface; Perhaps, as a kind of selection, the area under control is attached on relatively hot conduction stickum or the filler.The absorber flat board can be in the top of each sunlight receiver tubular element or bottom and each tubular element can be pressed into its contacted plate in.Each plate one tubular construction supports by several intermediate plates 9, and this intermediate plate makes between the lower surface dull and stereotyped and cover and keeps certain space, in this space, one deck heat-barrier material (not shown) is arranged.Intermediate plate also for important space that a 15～20mm is provided between flat board and the glazing plate so that reduce ending of recipient stagnate temperature (as top said).
Referring to Fig. 2, this figure has illustrated a hot water storage tank 20, and its vertical cylindrical shape axis is a level, and this is same as the hot-water heating system that general the sort of roof is installed.This storage tank is preferably installed a heat-increasing device 21, and this device preferably is placed on about intermediate altitude of storage tank.This heat-increasing device can be installed by an aperture on an end wall of storage tank, and this device has one at 23 places and is electrically connected and control device.In use, hot water is by conduit 24 sucking-off from storage tank, and this conduit 25 places in the drawings enters storage tank and extend to 26 in storage tank, and this 26 should be in the jar height as much as possible, this be because the hottest water often lamination on this height.
Be responsible for the cold water that comes from supercharging and can reach 27, and enter storage tank by thermal tuning valve 28 cold water, this valve makes additional cold water enter storage tank by pipe 30, and this pipe 30 preferably extends into the point 31 in the storage tank, and this point 31 is in the minimum point of storage tank as far as possible.Valve 28 is a kind of known form, reaches when storage tank under the situation of capacity sufficient of its expection, and valve can not make water circulate by recipient.When water carries out circulation time by recipient, will turn back in the storage tank by pipe 33, this pipe 33 enters storage tank at 34 places and extends in storage tank, and this extension is finished by extending upward pipe 35.Pipe 35 has a lot of apertures 36, and these apertures are distributed in from pipe and enter storage tank to the tube wall its termination, and this pipe finishes on the position suitable with the residing height of heat booster.The purpose that these apertures 36 are set is to provide a lot of possible outlets for the hot water that adds that enters storage tank, and these add hot water can enter thermally stratified layer water water tank at the different time in every day and each season in very wide temperature range.When the water that is stored in the storage tank Lower Half has identical temperature or is higher than when carrying out thermally stratified layer on the water layer of its temperature at those and the recirculated water that enters, the recirculated water that then enters will often leave pipe 35 by one or several apertures on the humidity of the reservoir bed point identical with the temperature that enters water.
Like this, just produced the water storage minimum of a value of layering again, and this point is crucial to the maximum of the effect of sunlight that reaches this system.A heat booster has been installed in this system, and its advantage was discussed in the present invention.
The fluid passage of the recipient shown in Fig. 1 has all parts that are inclined upwardly, and is particularly useful for the work of the temperature difference circulatory system.If will select the water pump circulation to be used for the processing of the temperature difference circulatory system, above-mentioned disclosed solar collector might not be only limited to this type of attachment.In this case, can be with each absorber unit with respect to orientation half-twist shown in Figure 1 (if useful or need) again.Like this, the connection between each unit can tube son and obtain corresponding to the mounting means of concrete assembling most convenient.
Errata
Errata
Claims (6)
1, a kind of as described in the specification the solar energy hot water supply system of type, it comprises: the storage tank that can carry out thermally stratified layer, this storage tank is connected with the water circulation channel of at least one solar collector, each absorber all comprises a glass face shield, this face shield is with substantial dull and stereotyped a covering, this flat board and one are the spiral water pipe of bending (or sigmoid curve) profile of coplane in fact and keep heat transfer relation, this pipe is connected with at least one header, this header and above-mentioned flat board are also keeping heat transfer relation, and provide and interconnected device, thus, thus can in fact provide the solar energy of a single absorber to accept the whole multiple-series of energy the parallel connection of more than one this absorber; And has a discharging efferent duct, circulate in order to the solar energy heating water that will diffuse into a storage tank, above-mentioned efferent duct has several water exports on the differing heights of storage tank, make the mixing that adds hot water and the layering situation again that have stored be reduced to minimum level thus;
And, consider the whole volume of storage tank, this system has an optimal selection about the flow resistance in the water circulation channel, thus, this system has a kind of like this flow rate, in the time of effectively Exposure to Sunlight (based on cloudless day or summer), by a restraint device, make 1 times of level that may be limited in the capacity that is approximately storage tank by the water yield that solar collector circulates to 1 sesquialter, like this, in the poor date, the water that heats by solar collector enters storage tank with the flow rate that lowers at effective sunshine, therefore obtains a kind of more suitable temperature;
And this system has a kind of at the upper surface of solar collector flat board with in the optimal selection of sealing the distance between the absorber flat board on its corresponding cover.
2, solar energy hot water supply system as claimed in claim 1 is what to reach by a kind of temperature circulatory system between recipient and storage tank in the water circulation that provides between solar collector and the storage tank wherein.
3, solar energy hot water supply system as claimed in claim 1 is what to reach by a kind of water pump circulatory system between recipient and storage tank in the water circulation that provides between solar collector and the storage tank wherein.
4, any one described hot water supply system in as the above-mentioned claim, wherein above-mentionedly select for use the flow resistance that water circulation channel is provided to be actually to determine by the entire length of selecting a pipe, the S-shaped curve shape of this pipe, its length is between 16 to 24 meters, be placed in two parallel connected recipients, this sigmoid curve shape is to be that the copper pipe of 11～12mm forms by the aperture, and above-mentioned recipient is connected with the storage tank that a capacity is 250 to 350 liters.
5, any one described solar energy hot water supply system in as the above-mentioned claim, wherein, the distance limit between the physical plane district of meson sunlight absorber flat board and the flat glass of absorber outer cover is in the scope of 15～20mm.
6, one as mentioned above the solar energy hot water supply system of type have with reference to specification and the described feature of accompanying drawing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN198585104499A CN85104499A (en) | 1985-06-12 | 1985-06-12 | A kind of improved solar water heating system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN198585104499A CN85104499A (en) | 1985-06-12 | 1985-06-12 | A kind of improved solar water heating system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN85104499A true CN85104499A (en) | 1986-12-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN198585104499A Pending CN85104499A (en) | 1985-06-12 | 1985-06-12 | A kind of improved solar water heating system |
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| CN (1) | CN85104499A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106128525A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-11-16 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | A kind of ooling channel system eliminating thermally stratified layer |
| CN106414338A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2017-02-15 | 苏伊士集团 | Method for managing hot water flows and for storing heat in a factory, and wastewater treatment plant implementing said method |
| CN108168156A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-15 | 禾玖科技股份有限公司 | The heat-storing method of hot-water apparatus |
| CN110949185A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-04-03 | 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Heater for hydrogen energy automobile and hydrogen energy automobile heat management system using same |
-
1985
- 1985-06-12 CN CN198585104499A patent/CN85104499A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106414338A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2017-02-15 | 苏伊士集团 | Method for managing hot water flows and for storing heat in a factory, and wastewater treatment plant implementing said method |
| CN106128525A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-11-16 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | A kind of ooling channel system eliminating thermally stratified layer |
| CN108168156A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-15 | 禾玖科技股份有限公司 | The heat-storing method of hot-water apparatus |
| CN110949185A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-04-03 | 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Heater for hydrogen energy automobile and hydrogen energy automobile heat management system using same |
| CN110949185B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2023-09-29 | 中极氢能汽车(长治)有限公司 | Heater for hydrogen energy automobile and hydrogen energy automobile thermal management system using same |
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