CN85101057A - The safety guard of press and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a safety sensing system and a kind of method that is used for press or the fortification safeguard protection mechanically of reciprocating working head, slide block, instrument or a guide rail is similarly arranged.

The essential part of this system is: one first light beam (or a plurality of first light beam), wherein each light beam all passes and is positioned at side before the ramming motion track of stamping tool or punching blade.Second light beam with the ramming motion intersection of locus of stamping tool or blade, this second light beam is interdicted when stamping tool or blade arrive the predetermined minimum altitude in workpiece top one.

Description

The safety guard of press and method

The present invention is a mechanical safety device, especially for the safety sensing system of punching type machinery.Here said " punching type machinery " has comprised all industrial machineries that have reciprocating working head, instrument, slide block or a guide rail at least.

In the use of various industrial machineries, in order to prevent the generation of industrial accident, people have made a large amount of this kind safety guards mechanically that are used for., require before using plant equipment, a protective device that meets certain requirements to be installed all according to the administrative provisions of strictness about the most of machineries of this point.But many kinds of industrial machineries but can not carry out work under the situation of not losing production efficiency and/or not limited by the plant equipment use after protected mode has on request been installed the mechanical type protective device.

In order to overcome these difficulties, developed the system that has optical detecting gear.This system generally comprises the light beam " fence " between operator and plant equipment.Typical light beam fence is to be made of several parallel and light beams coplane.When the light beam fence was interdicted, plant equipment is stopped protection system or movement velocity slows down.But these systems still are subjected to the restriction same with the mechanical type protection system.Especially for punching type when machinery that needs operator's place work piece below stamping tool.

Main difficulty is that the light beam in the protection system can not place the very near place of tool equipment of disembarking, so that in punching course, light beam is by the material blocking that is stamped; Simultaneously light beam can not place the tool equipment place too far away of disembarking, so that the operator might enter the hazardous area not interdicting under the situation of light beam.

The purpose of this invention is to provide the safety sensing system that uses on a kind of press and a kind of method of safeguard protection is provided, the present invention overcomes or has improved above-mentioned weak point substantially.

One aspect of the present invention, disclose a kind of press (this mechanical stamping tool along a track by towards workpiece and to leave the direction of workpiece reciprocating) method for security protection.This method comprises the steps: placing one or more first electromagnetic radiation beams near said track and across near the place the track; In said track, leave the place that workpiece gives set a distance and place second electromagnetic radiation beams; If before what its light beam in office was disturbed, one of first light beam or several first light beams were at first disturbed, stamping tool will be stoped towards the motion of workpiece direction.If but what its light beam in office disturbed before, at first disturb second light beam, then stamping tool will be finished towards the motion of workpiece direction.

Invention discloses the safety sensing system of press (this mechanical stamping tool along a track by moving reciprocatingly towards workpiece and the direction of leaving workpiece) usefulness on the other hand.This system comprises: one or more first electromagnetic radiation light emitting devices and with the corresponding first electromagnetic radiation optical pickup apparatus of each first emitter, one or more being positioned at from above-mentioned first emitter to first electromagnetic radiation beams the first receiving device that these two kinds of Unit Installation positions should make emission near track and across near the place the track; It is the place of a preset distance that one second electromagnetic radiation light emitting devices and one second electromagnetic radiation optical pickup apparatus, the installation site of said apparatus should make second electromagnetic radiation beams of emission be positioned on the track from workpiece; An and control circuit that is connected between above-mentioned plant equipment and first, second electromagnetic irradiating device.If it is in office what before its light beam is interdicted, at first interdict first light beam or part first light beam, this control circuit will stop the motion of stamping tool towards the workpiece direction, if but second light beam is at first interdicted, and then control circuit will allow stamping tool to finish towards the motion of workpiece direction.

Launcher of electromagnetic radiation and receiving system preferably transmit and receive a kind of light beam or a kind of pulsed infrared radiation laser beam respectively.

Supervising device preferably includes a self-checking unit, and it can check whether the safe inductive system is normal, checks once at least in each circulation of machine operation.

Below with reference to accompanying drawing narration one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 1 is the part front view of a press.This has mechanically installed the safety sensing system of an optimum implementation.

Fig. 2 is the drawing in side sectional elevation along the II among Fig. 1-II line.

Fig. 3 is the line block diagram of the safety sensing system of optimum implementation.

Fig. 4 is a line map that is driven by Fig. 3 circuit.

Fig. 5 is another line map that is driven by Fig. 3 circuit.

Fig. 6 is an incoming line figure of Fig. 3 circuit.

Fig. 7 is another incoming line figure of Fig. 3 circuit.

Fig. 8 is the detailed line map of the clock pulse generator in Fig. 3 circuit.

Fig. 9 is the detailed line map of the resetting means in Fig. 3 circuit.

See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 now, represented a press (19) that has punching blade (21) among the figure, punching blade (21) is along vertical axis (25) reciprocating (as shown in Figure 2).Press (19) also comprises a pedestal or lathe bed (22).The workpiece (24) that before the punching press is a metal plate is placed on the lathe bed (22), becomes roughly L shaped metalwork after pressed blade (21) punching press, as shown in phantom in Figure 2.

An one electromagnetic radiation light emitting devices (11) and an electromagnetic radiation optical pickup apparatus (13) are installed in two ends of press (19), linear passages between this two devices and vertical axis (25) intersect, and intersection point is positioned near workpiece (24) top one to be punched and gives the set a distance part.

Also has launcher of electromagnetic radiation 12 and 15, also be positioned at two ends of each symmetry of press 19 with corresponding electromagnetic radiation receiver 14 and 16, each all is positioned at track part near punch press blade 21 to installing beam channel between 12,14 and 15,16.Therefore install the 12,14,15, the 16th, be positioned at substantially with comprise axis 25 and press blade 21 the plane that parallels of vertical plane on.Suggestion transmits and receives device and adopts the known Optical devices of being made by Tokyo Mitsubishi Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.But the present invention also can adopt infrared ray to transmit and receive device.

Press (19) is the (not shown) of being operated by a common gauge tap, and this switch is used for controlling and reduces and rising punching blade (21).This switch is controlled by the operator, so the general operation of press (19) is in proper order: along with punching blade (21) raises, flat panel workpieces (24) is placed on the lathe bed (22) as shown in fig. 1 position; Operation-control switch descends punching blade (21) then, thus workpiece (24) is curved the roughly shape of L type, as shown in phantom in Figure 2.Operation-control switch promotes punching blade (21) once more; At last the workpiece of bending is taken away from lathe bed (22).Repeat above process, improve repetitive operation apace in order to make production efficiency.

Yet,, to guarantee importantly when stamping knife (21) descends that operating personnel's the hand or the other parts of health (even some other barrier) are not in below the punching blade (21) in order to use press safely.

We are known to (12) in prior art, (14), a plurality of receptions and the emitter of (15) and (16).If any one light beam between these devices is interdicted, the downward motion of punching blade (21) will transfer motion upwards to.This reaction is necessary, and operator's hand has entered in the light beam scope because the blocking of light beam expresses possibility, promptly may be below punching blade (21).Can be clear that in Fig. 2 the difficulty of this kind arrangement is: in punching course, workpiece (24) itself may pass through the one or more light beams between device (12), (14), (15) and (16).In the described machinery of prior art, this situation will be disturbed punching course before punching course is finished.And we know will avoid this interference, and the safety means of this prior art are not accomplished.

According to optimum implementation of the present invention, this problem is to be solved by the additional beam between a device (11) and (13).It is the place of a preset distance that this additional beam is positioned on the undeformed workpiece (24), this distance is substantially equal to punching blade (21) may be highly in the minimum of workpiece (24) top, and it is little of the operator can not be stretched between blade (21) and the workpiece (24) by handle that promptly this highly makes the slit between blade (21) and the workpiece (24).

Therefore, when punching blade (21) drop to enough low so that when having interdicted light beam between device (11) and (13), at this moment in fact the operator can not stretch into his one or several finger between blade (21) and the workpiece (24).In this case, the light beam owing to having interdicted between device (11) and (13) can make this system after this, because the signal that light beam produced that has interdicted between device (12) and (15) and (14) and (16) is inoperative.Thereby after adding a control corresponding circuit, dash workpiece curved and cause that workpiece disturbs and when having interdicted light beam between device (15) and (11), will can not cause oppositely returning of blade (21) when the point of a knife of punching blade (21) partly is lower than (as shown in Figure 2) under device (11) and (13).

The use operating process of control circuit is as follows: rise to the peak of stroke and before descending stroke begins at punching blade (21), if device (11) to (16) though any one light beam interdicted the operator presses button blade descended, control system will stop punching blade (21) decline.

Yet in the decline stroke, when punching blade (21) when descending, when having only light beam between device (12) and (15) and (14) and (16) disturbed, the decline of punching blade (21) just is prevented from.

At last, in case when the light beam of device between (11) and (13) was disturbed, any one between countermeasure set (12) and (15) and (14) and (16) or a plurality of light beam all can not stop punching blade (21) to finish the decline stroke again.About this point, as everybody knows in punching blade (21) descending stroke, not at first under the situation of the light beam of blocking between (15) and (16), it is following and light beam that interdicted between device (11) and (13) is impossible that the operator stretches into blade (21) with hand.

Referring now to Fig. 3-Fig. 9, a suitable control circuit example realizing above-mentioned effect is described: as shown in Figure 3 among the figure, the center of control system is a program central processor unit (CPU) (31), this device generally comprises a single integrated circuit, for example sell in market, trade mark is a ZILOG Z-80 type integrated circuit, with CPU(31) what link is a clock apparatus (32), its clock frequency is preferably 2 megahertzes; With a resetting means (33).One address bus (34) is with CPU(31) link with-8 lines 8 bit decoders (35), the available NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR of this decoder (35) sells, and model is the integrated circuit of LS138.The front three of address bus (34) and a random memory ram (36) and a read-only memory ROM(37) link.All the other positions of address bus (34) link with decoder (35).RAM(36) preferably adopt 2116 type integrated circuits.ROM(37) preferably adopt in 2732 types, 2716 types and the 2708 type integrated circuits any.

ROM(37) also link with an output of a data/address bus (38) and decoder (35); Another output and the RAM(36 of decoder (35)) link; The 3rd output of decoder (35) and channel decoder (39) link.The LSI138 integrated circuit that the most handy NATIONAL SEMICONDUICTOR of channel decoder (39) sells.

Channel decoder (39) and address bus (34) link, and four input channels are arranged, and each input channel all links with-8, three condition driver (40).The LS244 type integrated circuit that the most handy NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR of these four three condition drivers (40) sells.Each three condition driver (40) all has eight inputs that link with the described circuit in back, and links with data/address bus (38).

In addition, four outputs of channel decoder (39) link with four eight bit data latch (41) respectively.Each data latches (41) all has 8 outputs, is used to drive the circuit of narrating later.In addition, each data latches (41) all links with data/address bus (38).At last, CPU(31) select line (42) to be coupled to each other by storage with decoder (35).

See Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 now, the output of data latches (41) and the circuit among Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 link, and the control circuit among Fig. 3 is connected mutually with normal operations circuit (not shown) on the press (19).Therefore as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the output of data latches (41) connects by phase inverter (44) and (45).The output of phase inverter (44) drives a control transistor (46), control transistor (46) control one common relay coil (47), and this coil (47) has a normally opened contact (48).

When the closing of contact, promptly stop to move downward of punching blade (21).Equally, to another control transistor (50), this transistor (50) is being controlled the action of relay coil (51) and contact (52) by nor gate (49) in the output of two phase inverters (44) and (45).The startup that relay contact (52) control punching blade (21) moves upward.Nor gate (49) plays the logic control effect, and with the output of data latches (41), punching blade (21) is moved on request.

See Fig. 5 now, an output of one of data latches (41) also links by a switching transistor (53) and an indicator lamp (54).When the light beam between the device among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 (11) and (13) was interdicted, this indicator lamp (54) was just shinny.

Fig. 6 circuit also can receive the input signal that device sent of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.If therefore any one light beam among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is interdicted, corresponding relays contact (60) closure, thus just transmit a signal, through the input of inverter buffer (61) to corresponding three condition driver (40).Three condition driver (40) is just exported an appropriate signals through the CPU(31 of data/address bus (38) in Fig. 3).

In another input line of Fig. 7, instantaneous starting one pulsating switch (70), it just exports a signal, arrives CPU(31 through inverter buffer (71) and corresponding three condition driver (40)).CPU(31) trigger Fig. 4 circuit, make punching blade (21) in descending stroke with form a kind of stepping or pulse, rather than move with continuous form.In this mode, be the input data suitably to be handled crawl or intermittent movement downwards to obtain punching blade (21) by central processor unit (31).

Fig. 8 is the line map of Fig. 3 clock apparatus (32).The clock frequency of device (32) is determined by quartz crystal (80).Equally, Fig. 9 is the detailed line map of Fig. 3 resetting means (33).The instantaneous SR (90) of pressing gets final product triggering timing device (91), makes the instantaneous clock cycle that stops several regulations of central processing unit (31).So that make CPU(31) reset.Timer among Fig. 9 (91) comprises 555 type integrated circuits of selling as NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR.

One embodiment of the invention have only been described in the front, and obviously, for the those skilled in the art in present technique field, any modification of being done without departing from the present invention all is conspicuous.For example, the light beam of device (11)-(16) can be intermittent transmission or reception also, so that prevent the possibility by the accident triggering of other radiating light source such as sunlight.In addition, emitter (11), (12) and (15) and/or receiving system (13, a mechanical shutter (not shown) can be installed on (14) and (16).When power connection, shutter is just opened, and these shutters play further protective effect when some devices do not have power supply.For example, prevent from be not whole devices (11)-(16) when all switching on mechanical mode, and wherein some devices emission light beam.

Claims (10)

1, the method for (the stamping tool edge-track on this press by the usefulness that moves reciprocatingly towards workpiece and the direction of leaving workpiece) safeguard protection of a press, this method comprises the steps: near said track and across near the place this rail one or more first electromagnetic radiation beams are being set; In said track, be that the place of giving set a distance is provided with one second electromagnetic radiation beams from workpiece; If first light beam or part first light beam at first be subjected to interference before other any light beam is disturbed, stamping tool will be prevented from towards the motion of workpiece; If but said second light beam at first was interfered before other light beam is disturbed, then stamping tool will be finished the motion towards workpiece.

2, as claim 1 described method, include: a plurality of said second light beams are set, and they are parallel to each other and leave certain intervals each other.

3, as method as described in claim 1 or the claim 2, said preset distance between the workpiece and second light beam approximates greatly and makes operator's finger can not stretch into maximal clearance between workpiece and the stamping tool.

4, as claim 1 described method of any one claim in the claim 3, in the said motion process of finishing stamping tool, workpiece is bent, and the part of curved workpieces has been disturbed one or several light beam in first light beam or first light beam.

5, a press (this stamping tool mechanically along a track by towards workpiece and leave the workpiece direction and move reciprocatingly) method for security protection of usefulness, this method is roughly as shown in reference diagram.

6, one be used for press (this stamping tool mechanically along a track by towards workpiece and leave the workpiece direction and move reciprocatingly) the safety sensing system, this system comprises: one or more first electromagnetic radiation light emitting devices and with the corresponding first electromagnetic radiation optical pickup apparatus of each first emitter, one or more being positioned at from above-mentioned first emitter to first electromagnetic radiation beams the first receiving device that these two kinds of Unit Installation positions should make emission near track and across near the place the track; It is the place of a preset distance that one second electromagnetic radiation light emitting devices and one second electromagnetic radiation optical pickup apparatus, the installation site of said apparatus should make second electromagnetic radiation beams of emission be positioned on the track from workpiece; And one be connected in above-mentioned plant equipment with the control circuit between first, second electromagnetic irradiating device, if it is in office what before its light beam is interdicted, at first interdict first light beam or part first light beam, then this control circuit will stop stamping tool to move towards the workpiece direction, if but second light beam is at first interdicted, then control circuit will allow stamping tool to finish towards the workpiece direction to move.

7, as safety sensing system as described in the claim 6, the set a distance that gives in this system between the said workpiece and second light beam is substantially equal to and makes operator's finger can not stretch into maximal clearance between workpiece and the stamping tool.

8, as the described safety sensing of claim 6 or claim 7 system, said one or more first light beams are placed in a certain position, when in the process of finishing its ramming motion at stamping tool with workpiece when crooked, the part of this workpiece is by this position.

9, as an any claim described safety sensing system of claim 6 in the claim 8, said control circuit comprises an inline central processor unit, memory, decoder; Transmit signal with original functional arrangement and from the device of this functional arrangement received signal to press.

10, safety sensing system that is used on the press (stamping tool on this press along a track by doing toward double action towards workpiece and the direction of leaving workpiece), this system is substantially as shown in reference diagram.

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