CN2921279Y - Tunnel support structure - Google Patents
Tunnel support structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN2921279Y CN2921279Y CN 200620034465 CN200620034465U CN2921279Y CN 2921279 Y CN2921279 Y CN 2921279Y CN 200620034465 CN200620034465 CN 200620034465 CN 200620034465 U CN200620034465 U CN 200620034465U CN 2921279 Y CN2921279 Y CN 2921279Y
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- tunnel
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- waterproofing course
- secondary lining
- form concrete
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a supporting structure used for tunnel to promote overall bearing capacity with simple construction process and good maintainability, which comprises a layer of spray concrete (10) integrated with surrounding rocks of tunnel during primary support and a secondary concrete layer constructed by means of lining and moulds and integrated with the inside wall of the layer of spray concrete (10) placed during primary support. Having advantages of increased overall bearing capacity of supporting structure, lining in reduced thickness, simple and convenient construction process and decreased construction cost of tunnel. The leaking positions can be found easily when water proof layer has aged or can not meet requirements of waterproof, therefore, replacement and local repair can be performed timely so as to achieve good maintainability. Without influences on bearing structure and with simple and convenient operations, the utility model effectively ensures overall endurance of tunnel to achieve design and service life.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to highway, railway tunnel, particularly the supporting and protection structure in tunnel.
Background technology
Need country rock to be carried out supporting behind highway, the railway tunnel excavation, at present, mainly contain following two kinds of forms in the Tunnel Design and the supporting and protection structure that is generally adopted of constructing by supporting and protection structure:
One, adopt New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) to carry out highway, the railway tunnel of design and construction, its combined type supporting and protection structure is made up of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer, waterproofing course, secondary lining form concrete layer from outside to inside, highway tunnel sometimes also need be at secondary lining form concrete layer with the interior fireprotection layer that is provided with, and railway tunnel then is not provided with fireprotection layer usually.This combined type supporting and protection structure has obtained extensive use in recent decades on railway and highway tunnel.Domestic part highway and the railway tunnel that designs and construct by this combined type supporting and protection structure tunnel seepage, lining cutting cracking etc. have all occurred soon to some extent building up operation, and these problems are more or less all relevant with the feature of combined type supporting and protection structure.Its shortcoming is mainly reflected in following aspect: 1. waterproofing course adopts the synthetic high polymer coiled material usually, use at present more polyvinyl chloride (PVC), PUR (EVA), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE) coiled material etc. of mainly containing on the engineering, these materials are easily aging usually, the durability of its normal working life and Tunnel Second Lining form concrete layer exists than big-difference, causes the overall durability of tunnel support structure not reach design life; 2. determined preliminary bracing shotcrete layer planeness to be difficult to control by form of construction work, or because thin projectionss such as anchor pole head and other members exist, cause laying waterproofing course basal plane situation relatively poor, these projections easily cause damage to waterproofing course itself, in addition because construction reason, the waterproofing course coiled material connect quality and the effect that batch technology is difficult to guarantee weld seam, these factors all easily stay the hidden danger of leaking; 3. in a single day seepage takes place in supporting and protection structure, and leakage point is difficult to find out, brings very big difficulty to structure repair.
Two, adopt Norwegian law (NMT) to carry out the tunnel of design and construction, generally adopt individual layer supporting and protection structure, obtained extensive use in states such as Norway.This individual layer supporting and protection structure mainly adopts high performance jetting concrete (HPS) material, carries out repeatedly multiple spray and form behind tunnel excavation.Because the high performance jetting concrete has higher capacity, compactness and impermeability, thereby generally waterproofing course is not set all.But this liner structure also has following shortcoming: 1. the high performance jetting concrete material costs an arm and a leg, and its price is about 1.5 times of common sprayed mortar, is 4～5 times of general form concrete; 2. the high performance jetting concrete is compared with form concrete, and planeness is relatively poor, has increased the tunnel ventilation resistance, influences ventilation effect.Therefore, this supporting and protection structure has considerable influence to ventilation effect, the higher super long tunnel of air-conditioning requirement especially, the increase that must bring ventilation equipment investment, energy consumption and operation cost.
The utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides a kind of tunnel support structure, and it can not only improve the integrated carrying ability of supporting and protection structure, and construction technology is easy, has good maintenanceability.
The technical scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is: tunnel support structure of the present utility model, and its feature comprises:
A. the preliminary bracing shotcrete layer combines with tunnel surrounding;
B. secondary lining form concrete layer combines with the inwall of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer.
After taking abovementioned technology, because supporting shotcrete layer and secondary lining form concrete interlayer are not provided with waterproofing course in the early stage, the rough preliminary bracing shotcrete layer of inwall can be combined closely with secondary lining form concrete layer, common can genetic horizon after stressed between the changing of the relative positions, therefore can improve the integrated carrying ability of liner structure.Compare with existing combined type supporting and protection structure, supporting and protection structure of the present utility model can reduce lining thickness possessing under the condition of equal degree of safety, and construction technology is easy, thereby can reduce the tunnel construction cost effectively.Secondary lining has applied and has finished during follow-up construction, and tunnel structure itself has possessed enough degrees of safety, so working security is improved.
On the basis of technique scheme,, can on the inwall of described secondary lining form concrete layer, waterproofing course be set for satisfying the requirement of highway, railway tunnel to water resistance.Because before mating formation or hanging the installation waterproofing course, can fully check the quality that applies from waterproof ability and exposure waterproof construction joint of secondary lining form concrete layer, if pinpoint the problems and can in time repair, therefore tunnel support structure of the present utility model has good maintenanceability.Even the tunnel has produced seepage in operation, leakage point is also very clear and definite, easily it is carried out the part and repairs, and reaches design life with the overall durability of guaranteeing tunnel support structure.The waterproofing course inwall is smooth, in the formed tunnel empty surfacing attractive in appearance, the tunnel ventilation resistance is little, ventilation effect is good, helps reducing ventilation equipment investments and energy consumption, reduces operation cost.
In technique scheme, described waterproofing course can adherently be paved on the inwall of secondary lining form concrete layer, also can be located on the inwall of secondary lining form concrete layer from wall hanging by installation component.
As improvement of the technical scheme, for satisfying the requirement of highway tunnel, and reduce construction sequence and reduce the constructing tunnel cost waterproof and fireproof performance, described waterproofing course is the waterproof fireproofing composite bed.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are that the integrated carrying ability of tunnel support structure strengthens, and can reduce lining thickness, and construction technology is easy, thereby can reduces the tunnel construction cost effectively; When waterproofing course produces aging maybe can not satisfy waterproof requirement the time, can be easier to find leakage point, can in time change or it is carried out the part repair, therefore has good maintenanceability, and can not exert an influence to bearing structure, easy and simple to handle, can guarantee effectively that the tunnel structure overall durability reaches design life.
Description of drawings
This manual comprises following three width of cloth accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing highway tunnel recombination formula supporting and protection structure;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model tunnel support structure embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the utility model tunnel support structure embodiment 2;
Component, position and numbering among the figure: preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10, waterproofing course 15, secondary lining form concrete layer 20, fireprotection layer 25, installation component 26, waterproofing course 30.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further specified.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the combined type supporting and protection structure that adopted in the existing highway tunnel.With reference to Fig. 1, existing tunnel lining supporting and protection structure is made up of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10, waterproofing course 15, secondary lining form concrete layer 20, fireprotection layer 25.Preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10 is formed by the concrete that is injected on the tunnel surrounding.In this combined type supporting and protection structure, preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10 does not form with secondary lining form concrete layer 20 and combines closely, the easily changing of the relative positions between the meeting genetic horizon in stressed back, the integrated carrying ability is relatively poor, and the tunnel is prone to tunnel seepage, lining cutting cracking phenomena after building up operation.Waterproofing course 15 is layed on the inwall of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10, waterproofing course more than 15 adopts the synthetic high polymer coiled material at present, as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), PUR (EVA), high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE) (LDPE) coiled material etc., because these materials are easily aging usually, its normal working life and tunnel form concrete durability exist than big-difference, cause the overall durability of tunnel support structure not reach design life.Because the planeness of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10 is difficult to control, or because anchor pole head, outstanding thin projectionss such as member exist, cause the basal plane situation of laying waterproofing course 15 relatively poor, easily waterproofing course 15 itself is caused damage, and waterproofing course 15 coiled materials connect quality and the effect that batch technology is difficult to guarantee weld seam, easily stay the hidden danger of leaking.Obviously, in a single day seepage takes place in this combined type supporting and protection structure, and leakage point is difficult to find out, structure repair is brought very big difficulty.
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, tunnel support structure of the present utility model comprises:
A. the preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10, combine with tunnel surrounding;
B. secondary lining form concrete layer 20 combines with the inwall of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10.
Described preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10 is formed by the concrete that is injected on the tunnel surrounding equally, so that the tunnel behind the excavation is constituted preliminary bracing.According to wall rock condition, the thickness of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10 is generally at 5～30cm.
Described secondary lining form concrete layer 20 combines with the inwall of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10, builds secondary lining form concrete layer 20 after promptly supporting shotcrete layer 10 forms in the early stage in good time.The thickness of secondary lining form concrete layer 20 is generally at 35～60cm.Because the rough preliminary bracing shotcrete layer 10 of inwall can combine closely with secondary lining form concrete layer 20, can genetic horizon after common stressed between the changing of the relative positions, therefore can improve the integrated carrying ability of supporting and protection structure.
On the basis of technique scheme,, can on the inwall of described secondary lining form concrete layer 20, waterproofing course 30 be set for satisfying the requirement of highway, railway tunnel to water resistance.Waterproofing course 30 is built-in with respect to secondary lining form concrete layer 20, and construction ten sides of waterproofing course 30 are easy.Because the pawnshop is if hang when waterproofing course 30 is installed, secondary lining form concrete layer 20 has applied and has finished, and tunnel structure itself has possessed enough degrees of safety, therefore can improve waterproofing course 30 safety of construction.Because secondary lining form concrete layer 20 inwall are smooth, it is attractive in appearance to lay or hang in the formed tunnels, waterproofing course 30 backs empty surfacing, and the tunnel ventilation resistance is little, and ventilation effect is good, helps reducing ventilation equipment investment and energy consumption, the minimizing operation cost.In addition, waterproofing course 30 has good maintenanceability, before mating formation or hanging installation waterproofing course 30, can fully check the quality that applies from waterproof ability and exposure waterproof construction joint of secondary lining form concrete layer 20, if pinpoint the problems and in time to repair, even the tunnel has produced seepage in operation, also find leakage point easily, and secondary lining form concrete layer 20 or waterproofing course 30 are carried out the part reparation.
For satisfying the requirement of highway tunnel to waterproof and fireproof performance, and reduce construction sequence and reduce the constructing tunnel cost, described waterproofing course 30 is the waterproof fireproofing composite bed.Described waterproofing course 30 can preferably adopt the waterproof fireproofing composite material to make, and promptly waterproofing course 30 is made by the composite material with waterproof and fireproof performance, perhaps with waterproofing course and fireprotection layer compound be one, also can be on waterproofing course 30 inwalls sprayed fire proofing coating.
The set-up mode of described waterproofing course 30 can adopt following dual mode usually: with reference to Fig. 2, waterproof fireproofing composite bed 30 is adherent to be paved on the inwall of secondary lining form concrete layer 20; With reference to Fig. 3, waterproof fireproofing composite bed 30 is located at from wall hanging on the inwall of secondary lining form concrete layer 20 by installation component 26, and generally speaking, waterproof fireproofing composite bed 30 is apart from secondary lining form concrete layer 20 inwall 2～10cm.
It is pointed out that some principles of top described the utility model tunnel support structure that just explains through diagrams.Because the those of ordinary skill to constructed field is easy to carry out on this basis some modifications and change, therefore this manual be not be the utility model tunnel support structure to be confined to shown in and in the described concrete structure and the scope of application, so every the corresponding modify and equivalent that might be utilized all belongs to the claim that the utility model patent is applied for.
Claims (8)
1, tunnel support structure is characterized in that it comprises:
A. preliminary bracing shotcrete layer (10) combines with tunnel surrounding;
B. secondary lining form concrete layer (20) combines with the inwall of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer (10).
2, tunnel support structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: also be provided with waterproofing course (30) on the inwall of described secondary lining form concrete layer (20).
3, tunnel support structure as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described waterproofing course (30) is the waterproof fireproofing composite bed.
4, as claim 2 or 3 described tunnel support structures, it is characterized in that: described waterproofing course (30) is adherent to be paved on the inwall of secondary lining form concrete layer (20).
5, as claim 2 or 3 described tunnel lining supporting and protection structure, it is characterized in that: described waterproofing course (30) is located on the inwall of secondary lining form concrete layer (20) from wall hanging by installation component (26).
6, tunnel support structure as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described waterproof composite bed (30) is apart from secondary lining form concrete layer (20) inwall 2～10cm.
7, tunnel support structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness of preliminary bracing shotcrete layer (10) is 5～30cm.
8, tunnel support structure as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the thickness of described secondary lining form concrete layer (20) is 35～60cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200620034465 CN2921279Y (en) | 2006-06-03 | 2006-06-03 | Tunnel support structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200620034465 CN2921279Y (en) | 2006-06-03 | 2006-06-03 | Tunnel support structure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2921279Y true CN2921279Y (en) | 2007-07-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200620034465 Expired - Fee Related CN2921279Y (en) | 2006-06-03 | 2006-06-03 | Tunnel support structure |
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| CN (1) | CN2921279Y (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100516464C (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2009-07-22 | 四川省交通厅公路规划勘察设计研究院 | Tunnel support structure |
| CN101922300A (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2010-12-22 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Large supporting and protecting system of tunnel in hollow solution cavity |
| CN101922301A (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2010-12-22 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of tunnel safeguard structure that passes through the dark solution cavity of relative superiority or inferiority |
| CN103195086A (en) * | 2013-04-07 | 2013-07-10 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Tunnel structure |
| CN103352708A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-10-16 | 浙江海洋学院 | Lining supporting device |
| CN105971629A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-09-28 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Composite lining design method with preliminary bracing as main bearing structure |
| CN106460510A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2017-02-22 | 建筑机械咨询公司 | Construction element for creating a tunnel, tunnel comprising such an element and methods for constructing such an element and such a tunnel |
| CZ306781B6 (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2017-07-07 | ÄŚVUT v Praze, Fakulta stavebnĂ | Double-shell lining of underground structures and the method of determining the load-bearing capacity of the lining |
| CN114575892A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-06-03 | 北京市第三建筑工程有限公司 | Off-wall vault lining trolley and construction method thereof |
-
2006
- 2006-06-03 CN CN 200620034465 patent/CN2921279Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100516464C (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2009-07-22 | 四川省交通厅公路规划勘察设计研究院 | Tunnel support structure |
| CN101922300A (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2010-12-22 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Large supporting and protecting system of tunnel in hollow solution cavity |
| CN101922301A (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2010-12-22 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of tunnel safeguard structure that passes through the dark solution cavity of relative superiority or inferiority |
| CN103195086A (en) * | 2013-04-07 | 2013-07-10 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Tunnel structure |
| CN103352708A (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2013-10-16 | 浙江海洋学院 | Lining supporting device |
| CN103352708B (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2015-07-15 | 浙江海洋学院 | Lining supporting device |
| CN106460510A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2017-02-22 | 建筑机械咨询公司 | Construction element for creating a tunnel, tunnel comprising such an element and methods for constructing such an element and such a tunnel |
| CN106460510B (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2020-09-15 | 建筑机械咨询公司 | Construction element for constructing tunnel, tunnel comprising same and construction method thereof |
| CZ306781B6 (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2017-07-07 | ÄŚVUT v Praze, Fakulta stavebnĂ | Double-shell lining of underground structures and the method of determining the load-bearing capacity of the lining |
| CN105971629A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-09-28 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Composite lining design method with preliminary bracing as main bearing structure |
| CN114575892A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-06-03 | 北京市第三建筑工程有限公司 | Off-wall vault lining trolley and construction method thereof |
| CN114575892B (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-16 | 北京市第三建筑工程有限公司 | Off-wall vault lining trolley and construction method thereof |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |