CN2911192Y

CN2911192Y - Low temp heat source thermal-motive apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN2911192Y
Application number: CN 200620001957
Authority: CN
Inventors: 鞠洪君; 鞠清鹏
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-01-27
Filing date: 2006-01-27
Publication date: 2007-06-13
Anticipated expiration: 2016-01-27

Abstract

The utility model relates to a thermal power system in particular to one that can use low-temperature heat source to make low boiling working fluid work under complete sealed condition. The system designs at least two sets of complete sealed thermal power plants which are assigned at the same power take off shaft to resolve current problems of high pump energy consumption and low work efficiency. Each set of thermal power plant consists of a evaporator, a heat exchanger, a turbine, a radiator, a connection pipe and a valve which are linked together. The evaporator is in the heat exchanger, and the internal permanent magnet inside the turbine partially or totally corresponds with the external permanent magnet outside. Intermittent work of at least two thermal power plants makes the partition-type magnetic driving power generator continually take off power and generate electricity. The model belongs to non-Rankine cycle, has no pump or electricity consumption, reaches a thermal work rate of 75% and makes full use of all surplus heat.

Description

Thermodynamic device with low-temperature heat source

Technical field

The present invention relates to thermodynamic device, particularly relate to and to utilize low-temperature heat source under the complete closed state so that low boiling working fluid constantly does work and the thermodynamic device with low-temperature heat source of continuous self-loopa.

Background technique

By up till now, utilize low-temperature heat source, use low boiling working fluid, and under closed state, do work and the thermodynamic device of self-loopa, it all is the basic thermodynamic cycle of using modern steam power plant, it is Rankine cycle, its method of work is exactly the superheated vapor that the liquid working substance in the vaporizer is heated into High Temperature High Pressure by thermal source, superheated vapor enters the acting of expanding in the turbine engine, with the kinetic energy of a part of thermal power transfer for the rotation of promotion turbine engine, become low temperature and low pressure steam and enter vapour condenser again from the turbine engine discharge, after cooling, condense into liquid refrigerant again, with working medium pump liquid refrigerant is pumped in the vaporizer again, so constantly circulation, just externally continuous outputting power, driving generator can generate electricity.Its document such as patent No. CN96111171.2 " utilizing the method and the refrigeration and generation station of cryogenic fluid refrigeration and generation ", patent No. CN02288206.5 " temp difference engine group ", patent No. CN94115035.6 " thermal power generator ", the patent No. 03125333.4 " thermodynamic device " etc.; Be applied in addition air conditioner used heat utilize the field, be initial low-temperature heat source with the heat extraction of air-conditioning, as patent No. CN02240119.9 " utilizing the power plant of anthropogenic heat "; Be applied in waste heat of internal combustion engine and utilize the field, be thermal source, as the patent No. 200410030011.0 " waste heat utilization system ", patent No. CN01133223.9 " cooling ammonia for IC engine UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN gasoline-saving device " with the combustor outer casing heat of internal-combustion engine and exhaust heat; And be applied in the solar thermal power field, utilize the collected low-temperature solar of small size illumination for thermal source, as patent No. CN02208516.5 " device of solar generating ", patent No. CN02213421.2 " solar energy ammonia thermal electric generator ", patent No. CN03804562.1 " waste heat solar energy system ", patent No. CN98110142.9 " a kind of small type solar energy electricity generator " etc.

In a word, no matter above technical paper and existing known solution, as long as its application is Rankine cycle, or use by Rankine cycle and improve backheat circulation and the thermal cycle again that forms, all must use working medium pump to keep the lasting circulation of whole system, when its working medium pump constantly is pumped back to the liquid refrigerant in the condenser in the vaporizer, stop the vaporizer of high pressure to leak again to the condenser of low pressure, and keep high pressure conditions in the vaporizer, so just must consume certain merit, this is for the thermal power generation of using above technology just, nuclear energy power generation, the large-scale solar generating, heat source temperatures such as geothermal power generation are greater than 150 ℃, especially greater than 300 ℃ to 500 ℃ large-scale power generating equipment, owing to losses such as its pump power consumption and heat leakage do not raise along with the vapor (steam) temperature of superheated vapor in its vaporizer and the rising of vapor pressure, so, just can improve the heat power efficiency of complete machine as long as improve the vapor (steam) temperature and the vapor pressure of superheated vapor as far as possible, the more high efficiency generating; But be lower than 150 ℃ especially being lower than 100 ℃ low-temperature heat source and low boiling working fluid being done work and the thermodynamic apparatus of self-loopa under closed state for utilization, because it does not have high temperature heat source and High Temperature High Pressure working steam as large-scale power generating equipment, if so with above Rankine cycle technology be applied to utilize the low temperature difference do work and the thermodynamic apparatus of self-loopa on, must cause extremely low heat power efficiency, even the generated energy of himself all can't be kept the pump power consumption of self.

The for example existing temperature of utilizing flat type solar heat collector to produce is lower than 100 ℃ low-temperature water heating and the small-power low boiling working fluid heat power machine that generates electricity, its system effectiveness generally has only below 5%, this especially shows the low temperatureization of miniaturization along with equipment, thermal source and is more serious, makes this heat power machine of low-heat, used heat, waste heat that utilizes lose practicability and Economy.This just heat source temperature be lower than 150 ℃ especially be lower than 100 ℃ low warm, as solar water heater, air-conditioning waste heat, low temperature underground heat, ocean thermal gradients, etc. the field low-heat, the used heat that produce can only be used for heating, refrigeration, industrial or agricultural and recuperate etc. with heat and tourism, and be difficult to use in the basic reason of dynamic power system.

As China in the seventies in the Fengshun, Guangdong, ground such as Hunan ash soup, Yichuan, Liaoning Xiong Yue and Huailai, Hebei successively utilize 67 ~ 92 ℃ geothermal water to set up what is called " tentative " geothermal power station that a collection of electric motor power only is 50 ~ 300kW, because efficient is too low, gets down from horse one after another soon.American lockheed company begins generating August in the same year in the electricity generating device one 50 kilowatts of marine site, Hawaii installations in 1979 for another example.Generated output is 53.6 kilowatts when 7 ℃ of 28 ℃ of surface seawater temperature, deep sea water temperature.Device is 35.1 kilowatts from power consumption, and clean electromotive power output is 18.5 kilowatts, and the thermal efficiency of this power generation system is low, causes parts corresponding huge.

On the other hand, existing low boiling working fluid heat power machine all is to adopt the method that turbine engine and generator are installed on same enclosed cavity to realize not having to leak, and the Green Ritchie company of the U.S. New South Wales that is reported on April 25th, 2003 as Chinese solar energy net has developed 2KW family expenses solar thermal power generation system.This system is made up of the plate type heat exchanger that adds latent heat material heat-accumulator tank, heavy flannelette, vaporizer, turbogenerator, hot coal recycle pump etc.Hot media uses the low boiling refrigerant, makes the turbine rotary electrification.Turbogenerator be collected in to the very similar housing of fridge compressor in, at present 2KW level heat generating system has been expected commercialization.Also has the system for geothermal production of electricity that adopts two circulation organic working medium Rankine cycle systems, it is working medium with the low-boiling-point organic compound, make working medium in running system, from geothermal fluid, obtain heat, and produce organic steam, and then promotion turbine engine rotation, drive generator for electricity generation, the turbine engine of its steamer formula and generator also are to be closed in the same chamber.

Though said method adopts the method that turbine engine and generator are installed on same enclosed cavity to realize not having and leaks, so but caused the heat radiation difficulty of its generator or also will be equipped with radiation system separately, be subjected to temperatures involved and accelerate to wear out, keep in repair and adopt expensive material, need open problem such as enclosed cavity regular maintenance difficulty when manually keeping in repair for life-saving reduces.And can leak part working medium when having caused the generator that keeps in repair in its enclosed cavity, though if adopt welded seal to realize not leaking for a long time working medium enclosed cavity, will begin to speak with the method for weldering or saw when keeping in repair, so maintenance difficult, though and if adopt flange to install enclosed cavity and can relatively simply open enclosed cavity, but because the flange mating face can't be realized seamless fully, so can't realize not leaking working medium at all, even add soft sealing ring such as rubber material in flange, its sealing life is because chemical reaction and air pressure factor also are very short.

On the other hand, because existing low boiling working fluid heat power machine is installed on same enclosed cavity with turbine engine and generator, so just can't be easily the pto of many covers turbine engine being carried out power integrates, and at first will metal enclosed chamber be begun to speak to transform, could carry out power to pto and integrate.

Above problem also causes the low practicability of the sealing self-loopa heat power machine that uses low boiling working fluid just, and the first cause that is difficult to carry out extensive industry development.Above problem also becomes the technical barrier in closed heat power power generation technology field always.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is just at the high pump power consumption of the low-temperature heat source heat power machine of above-mentioned existing application Rankine cycle, low-heat effect rate problem, and at can't easily the generator in its enclosed cavity being dispelled the heat and keep in repair, also have at carrying out the power integration problem to its ptos that overlap turbine engines easily more, and provide a kind of necessary working medium pump of Rankine cycle that do not need, do not need generator is installed in the enclosed cavity of turbine engine yet, just can realize utilizing low-temperature heat source, use low boiling working fluid, and low boiling working fluid is constantly done work and constantly self-loopa under full closeding state, and can be easily to ptos of its many cover turbine engines carry out that power integrates to realize the low-temperature heat source heat power machine of high heat power efficiency.

Low-temperature heat source heat power machine of the present invention is realized by following structure: it comprises vaporizer 101, heat exchanger 106, turbine engine 100, pto 117, radiator 119, connecting tube 107,109,102,118,120, with valve 108,110,103,121 connect to form, it is characterized in that: it is made up of the totally enclosed type heat power machine that at least two covers or many covers are installed on the same pto 117, the basic structure of its every cover totally enclosed type heat power machine is all identical, its first cover heat power machine is by vaporizer 101, heat exchanger 106, turbine engine 100, radiator 119, connecting tube 107,109,102,118,120, with valve 108,110,103,121 connect to form, its vaporizer 101 is positioned at heat exchanger 106, vaporizer 101, turbine engine 100, pass through pipeline 102 with radiator 119,118,120 link to each other, on the pipeline 102 between vaporizer 101 and the turbine engine 100, and and radiator 119 between pipeline 120 on valve 103 is all arranged, 121, band valve 108 is housed on its heat exchanger 106,110 change liquid pipeline 107,109, its radiator 119 and turbine engine 100 are at all or part of vaporizer 101 that is higher than perpendicular to the position on the center of gravity direction; The turbine engine 100 of its heat power machine is by shell 111, suction port 122, air outlet 123, blade wheel 113, interior permanent magnetism 114, inner bearing 130, outer permanent magnetism 116, outer bearing 131 is formed, its blade wheel 113, interior permanent magnetism 114, inner bearing 130 is positioned within the turbine engine shell 111, its outer permanent magnetism 116, outer bearing 131, pto 117 is positioned at outside the turbine engine shell 111, the magnetic conduction part of its turbine engine shell 111 can be barrel-shaped, the plane, or the shape of arc, when the magnetic conduction of its turbine engine shell 111 when partly being barrel-shaped, its at least in one or more permanent magnetism 130 be fixed on the inner surface of blade wheel 113, the two ends of the tubbiness internal surface of its blade wheel 113 by inner bearing 130 with on the rotary barrel-shaped inwall that is fixed on turbine engine shell 111, its at least one or more outer permanent magnetism 116 be fixed on the outer surface of pto 117, with on the rotary barrel-shaped outer wall that is fixed on turbine engine shell 111, its part or all of area of permanent magnetism that is positioned at the turbine engine shell is corresponding with the outer permanent magnetism outside being positioned at the turbine engine shell by outer bearing 131 for its pto 117.

In the process of the inherent work of its vaporizer, there is working medium in addition, the back liquid pipeline 104 of band valve 105 can also be housed between vaporizer 101 and the turbine engine 100.

For heat radiation time of increasing every cover heat power machine and the power that increases pto connect inertia, can with 2,3,4,5 and more cover heat power machines be installed on the same pto 117.

In order to reduce the heat radiation time of radiator, can adopt the radiator of water tower formula, can be installed in the radiator of many covers heat power machine in the water tower radiator, also can reduce the volume of radiator by the method that adopts the quantity that increases the heat power machine on the same pto that is installed in, prolong the heat radiation time.

In order to improve the speed stability of its pto, can on its pto, flying wheel be installed, like this when the power of hot machine output be when being used to generate electricity, will make generator send more stable electric power.

For the interior permanent magnetism that improves its turbine engine and the magnetic intensity between the outer permanent magnetism on the pto, can adopt Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic with high magnetic energy level, area, volume and the quantity that also can increase magnetic patch improve magnetic intensity.

The interior permanent magnetism of its turbine engine and the position between the outer permanent magnetism on the pto except the inwall of above-mentioned interior permanent magnetism by turbine engine arrives transmission of power outside the permanent magnetism, can also adopt sidewall or outer wall by turbine engine to output power to outer permanent magnetism.

The method of work of low-temperature heat source heat power machine of the present invention is as follows: at first the first cover heat power machine is done following operation, the valve open on the liquid pipeline of changing of its heat exchanger, and simultaneously with vaporizer and radiator and and turbine engine between pipeline on valve closing, the high-temp liquid or the steam that make temperature be higher than low boiling working fluid gasification temperature in its vaporizer are full of heat exchanger, then with the valve closing on the liquid pipeline of changing of heat exchanger, like this by being positioned at the evaporator shell of heat exchanger, just the low-boiling point liquid working medium in its vaporizer is heated into the superheated vapor of High Temperature High Pressure, and then with the valve open on the pipeline between vaporizer and the turbine engine, make superheated vapor enter the acting of expanding in the turbine engine, impact the blade of turbine engine as its gas percussion power, the blade wheel that just drive is positioned at one with and permanent magnetism rotate simultaneously, because the attraction force or the repulsive force of permanent magnetism in being subjected to, just make and be positioned at outside the turbine engine enclosed cavity, and the outer permanent magnetism that is positioned at the pto outer surface also carries out synchronous rotation thereupon, the pto that such and outer permanent magnetism is installed on one also is being rotated, and has just externally exported rotatory force.

Because when vaporizer equates with the air pressure inside of radiator, the first cover heat power machine is just no longer to its pto acting, so before the first cover heat power machine stops the pto outputting power, when perhaps stopping to the pto outputting power, the second cover heat power machine can do work to its pto as the working procedure of the first cover heat power machine again at once, after working medium in the radiator of the first cover heat power machine condenses into liquid refrigerant gradually at this moment, to be connected in again vaporizer and radiator and and turbine engine between pipeline on valve open, the liquid refrigerant that makes the liquid refrigerant in the radiator and remain in the turbine engine flow back in the vaporizer, because the liquid in its heat exchanger or the temperature of steam are by the temperature that is higher than low boiling working fluid gasification in its vaporizer, become the temperature that is lower than low boiling working fluid gasification in its vaporizer, flow back to the generation resistance so the temperature in the vaporizer can't liquid towards working medium, then with vaporizer and turbine engine and and radiator between valve closing on the pipeline, open the valve that changes on the heat exchanger on the liquid pipeline again, the high-temp liquid or the steam that make temperature be higher than low boiling working fluid gasification temperature in its vaporizer refill heat exchanger, simultaneously original cryogenic liquide or steam are also just discharged by changing the liquid pipeline, and then with the valve closing on the liquid pipeline of changing of heat exchanger, in the time of will stopping or just having stopped pto being done work in the second cover heat power machine, the first cover heat power machine can repeat above-mentioned steps again and again pto be done work, what this two covers heat power machine replaced does work to pto, its pto will constantly externally be exported rotatory force like this, if drive generator with regard to the sustainable electric power that constantly sends.

If low-temperature heat source heat power machine of the present invention is to adopt the shared same pto of many covers, the heat power machine that structure is identical is formed, also can carry out work by cover according to above-mentioned working procedure, in order to allow the continual output rotatory force of its pto, the preparatory work of its heat power machine before acting should all be finished set by step, be installed on the same pto as total quadruplet heat power machine, start working from first cover, when quadruplet is finished acting, this moment first, cover heat power machine was finished the heat radiation of radiator, the condensation of low boiling working fluid also is back in the vaporizer, and the water process of changing of heat exchanger, will begin in a minute then to the pto acting, so just realized the continual outputting power of its pto.

The water that changes of its heat exchanger is operated in some thermal source environment and can realizes by the pump that is installed on the water-changing tube road in addition, its pump can drive by pto, also can use external electric power, the water that changes of its heat exchanger is operated in some thermal source environment and also can uses pump, and rely on thermal source liquid or gas itself to realize with regard to the flowability that has, as not needing to use the internal-combustion engine constituent of pump.

If the temperature of the gaseous state low boiling working fluid in its radiator still can make another kind of low boiling working fluid that overheated gasification takes place, and another kind of low boiling working fluid carries out overheated gasification according to above-mentioned mechanical structure and working procedure and the acting of expanding after steam still be higher than ambient temperature, promptly can in environment, dispel the heat, so just can be with the radiator of first order heat power machine heat exchanger as next stage heat power machine, multistage so hot machine can make complete machine have higher heat power efficiency.

Above-mentioned working procedure of the present invention can adopt full-automatic electronic program assembly to control, can adopt the electronic control valve as above-mentioned valve, and be subjected to the control of program control assembly, on the outlet conduit of its heat exchanger temperature inductor can be housed, illustrate that when sensing high-temp liquid or high-temperature gas its heat exchanger finished the liquid work of changing, the electronic control valve that just can close automatically on the heat exchanger carries out next step evaporator evaporation acting work again.In its vaporizer level sensor can be housed for another example, during height when level sensor is sensed liquid level and reached low boiling working fluid and be not heated, illustrate that low boiling working fluid becomes the work of liquid to finish by condensation of gas, and then close whole electronic control valves of vaporizer automatically, automatically open the electronic control valve on the heat exchanger again, and change the work of high-temp liquid or gas.

Because the present invention has realized that its pto is positioned at outside the turbine engine sealed cavity, the length of its pto just can not be subjected to the restriction of enclosed cavity, at least two covers of the present invention like this or overlap low temperature heat power machine more just can a shared pto, so at least two covers or overlap that low temperature heat power machine just can replace more change liquid, evaporation, acting, condensation, backflow work, will make the continual output rotatory force of pto, make the generator that is connected in pto can be subjected to the rotatory force of speed stabilizing and stable work.And the pto of many covers turbine engine is carried out power integrate the heat power efficiency that also can improve low-temperature heat source heat power machine greatly,

Because the present invention has carried out above-mentioned improvement to the low temperature heat power machine of current application Rankine cycle, thereby make low-temperature heat source heat power machine not need the necessary working medium pump of Rankine cycle, just can realize utilizing low-temperature heat source, use low boiling working fluid, and under closed state, constantly do work and constantly self-loopa, removed the pump power consumption like this from, just improved the heat power efficiency of complete machine, the heat power efficiency that the heat power efficiency of its complete machine is turbine engine is 75%, the efficient summation 75% that the thermoelectrical efficiency of its complete machine is turbine engine and generator multiply by 90% promptly 67.5%, this especially is lower than 150 ℃ of low-temperature heat source heat power machines that especially are lower than 100 ℃ for heat source temperature, its system effectiveness will be far above present existing 5%, also will make this low-heat that utilizes, used heat, waste heat, especially the heat power facility of miniaturization have practicability and Economy, and it can be widely used in as low temperature underground heat, ocean thermal gradients, extensive low-temperature heat source such as the low-temperature water heating that the solar energy in large area water heater produced of residential quarters, central air-conditioner used heat, domestic air conditioning used heat, refrigerator used heat, Deng electrical equipment used heat, automobile, train, waste heat of internal combustion engine such as steamer, iron and steel is produced, manufacture of cement, Deng industrial waste heat, acting of high efficiency heat power or dynamic power system Deng the field low-temperature heat source become possibility, make green energy resource and clean energy resource occupy higher energy resource structure ratio, this constantly worsens at environment, and the nervous gradually modern times of the energy are more important and urgent.

On the other hand, by above-mentioned turbine design partly to complete machine, realized having the totally-enclosed turbine engine of magnetic transmission agency, its generator just can be installed in outside the sealed cavity of turbine engine, and be exposed in the environment, the rotatory force that its totally-enclosed turbine engine produced is transmitted to pto, is transmitted on the generator that is attached thereto and can generates electricity again by self having the magnetic transmission agency.Compare with the structure that generator is installed on same enclosed cavity with turbine engine in the past like this, just realized and to have carried out high efficiency and heat radiation by simple method to generator, be attached to the radiating fin of generator casing or directly carry out air-cooled heat dissipating method as employing, so also just more help prolonging its life of generator, also needn't adopt more expensive material.And,, so promptly guaranteed the Security of its enclosed cavity so can carry out regular maintenance easily because maintenance does not need to open the turbine enclosed cavity during generator, and can not leak any working medium yet, farthest avoided leakage pollution.

Again on the one hand, owing to just be connected between its totally-enclosed turbine engine with magnetic transmission agency and its pto with bearing, so they are installation and removal easily just, and since its pto can protect and be exposed in the environment, just can fix the pto of many covers heat power machine easily, so just can be according to the situation of thermal source and the needs of load, and easily many covers heat power machine is carried out by above-mentioned two kinds of methods that power is integrated or power reduces, the low temperature heat power machine that perhaps aligns at work carries out output power amplification easily or minimizing, and realizes having the low temperature heat power machine of high structure and power flexibility.

Again on the one hand, because realization of the present invention is except the said structure of self, the temperature difference of environment and gravity only have to(for) the needs in the external world, this generation technology for the outer celestial body that has above-mentioned two kinds of environmental conditionss at least, as on the moon or Mars the generating opened up new approach, aspects such as its cost, cost and generating efficiency will be far superior to present solar cell.

Description of drawings

Hereinafter will describe the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in detail.

Fig. 1 is the schematic representation in kind of low-temperature heat source heat power machine of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the elevation cross-sectional view of the first cover heat power machine

Fig. 3 is the elevation cross-sectional view of the second cover heat power machine

Fig. 4 is the elevation cross-sectional view of Fig. 1

Fig. 5 is the pictorial diagram of turbine engine

Fig. 6 is the exploded view in kind of turbine engine

Fig. 7 is the sectional drawing in kind of turbine engine

Fig. 8 is the elevation cross-sectional view of turbine engine

Fig. 9 is the turbine engine that adopts two pairs of magnetic patch

Figure 10 is the turbine engine that adopts eight pairs of magnetic patch

Figure 11 to Figure 15 is the side cutaway view of the turbine engine of several different magnetic patch shapes

Figure 16 is a turbine engine elevation cross-sectional view of utilizing the sidewall of turbine engine to conduct power

Figure 17 Figure 18 Figure 19 is the turbine engine side cutaway view of several magnetic patch distortion of having of Figure 16

Figure 20 utilizes the outer wall of turbine engine to conduct the turbine engine side cutaway view of power

Figure 21 utilizes the outer wall of turbine engine and the turbine engine side cutaway view that sidewall conducts power

Figure 22 be on-bladed formula turbine engine face planing surface figure

Figure 23 is the side-looking planing surface figure of on-bladed formula turbine engine

Embodiment

As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, the present invention is applied in the residential building building that the solar energy in large area water heater is installed, the temperature of utilizing its solar water heater to produce is not higher than 90 degrees centigrade hot water and generates electricity.

Employed low-temperature heat source heat power machine is made up of the shared same pto 117 of two covers, heat power machine that structure is identical.Its first cover heat power machine is by vaporizer 101, heat exchanger 106, turbine engine 100, radiator 119, connecting tube 102,104,118,120, with valve 108,110,103,105,121, form, its vaporizer 101 is positioned at heat exchanger 106, vaporizer 101 is connected on the turbine engine 100 by pipeline 102, and be connected on the radiator 119 by pipeline 120, turbine engine 100 is connected radiator 119 by pipeline 118 and exists, valve 103 is housed on the pipeline 102, valve 105 is housed on the pipeline 104, valve 121 is housed on the pipeline 120, its heat exchanger 106 is by being equipped with changing liquid pipeline 107 and the changing on the water storage box 242 that liquid pipeline 109 is connected solar water heater 243 of valve 110 being housed of valve 108, on the waterexit end pipeline of its water storage box 242 water pump 241 is housed, its radiator 119 and turbine engine 100 are at all or part of vaporizer 101 that is higher than perpendicular to the position on the center of gravity direction.

Its second cover heat power machine is by vaporizer 201, heat exchanger 206, turbine engine 211, radiator 219, connecting tube 202,204,218,220, with valve 208,210,203,205,221, form, its vaporizer 201 is positioned at heat exchanger 206, vaporizer 201 is connected on the turbine engine 211 by pipeline 202, and be connected on the radiator 219 by pipeline 220, turbine engine 211 is connected radiator 219 by pipeline 218 and exists, valve 203 is housed on the pipeline 202, valve 205 is housed on the pipeline 204, valve 221 is housed on the pipeline 220, its heat exchanger 206 is by being equipped with changing liquid pipeline 207 and the changing on the water storage box 242 that liquid pipeline 209 is connected solar water heater 243 of valve 210 being housed of valve 208, on the waterexit end pipeline of its water storage box 242 water pump 241 is housed, its radiator 219 and turbine engine 211 are at all or part of vaporizer 201 that is higher than perpendicular to the position on the center of gravity direction.

The turbine engine 100 of its first cover heat power machine is made up of suction port 122, air outlet 123, blade 112, blade wheel 113, interior permanent magnetism 114, inner bearing 130, outer permanent magnetism 116, outer bearing 131, pto 117 etc., the interior permanent magnetism 114 of its 8 block length square shape is arranged the inner surface that is fixed on blade wheel 113 according to the spacing of equalization, the two ends of the tubbiness internal surface of its blade wheel 113 by inner bearing 130 with on the rotating inwall that is fixed on turbine engine 111 shells.The outer permanent magnetism 116 of its 8 block length square shape is arranged according to the spacing of equalization and is fixed on the outer surface of pto 117, and outer bearing 131 is passed through with on the rotating fixing outer surface two ends inside the shell in the two ends of its pto 117.

The turbine engine 211 of its second cover heat power machine is made up of suction port 222, air outlet 223, blade 212, blade wheel 213, interior permanent magnetism 214, inner bearing 230, outer permanent magnetism 216, outer bearing 231, pto 117 etc., the interior permanent magnetism 214 of its 8 block length square shape is arranged the inner surface that is fixed on blade wheel 213 according to the spacing of equalization, the two ends of the tubbiness internal surface of its blade wheel 213 by inner bearing 230 with on the rotating inwall that is fixed on turbine engine 211 shells.The outer permanent magnetism 216 of its 8 block length square shape is arranged according to the spacing of equalization and is fixed on the outer surface of pto 117, and outer bearing 231 is passed through with on the rotating fixing outer surface two ends inside the shell in the two ends of its pto 117.

Flying wheel 239 is installed on its pto, and an end of its pto is connected on the rotor of generator 240.

The method of work of low-temperature heat source heat power machine of the present invention is as follows: at first the first cover heat power machine is done following operation, the valve 108 and the valve 110 that change liquid pipeline 107 and change on the liquid pipeline 109 of its heat exchanger 106 are opened, and simultaneously with valve 103,105,121 close, the interior high-temperature water of water storage box that makes temperature be higher than low boiling working fluid gasification temperature in its vaporizer 101 is full of heat exchanger 106 by pump 241, then heat exchanger 106 changed liquid pipeline 107, valve 108 on 109,110 close, the shell of the vaporizer 101 by being positioned at heat exchanger 106 like this, just the low-boiling point liquid working medium in its vaporizer 101 is heated into the superheated vapor of High Temperature High Pressure, and then the valve 103 on the pipeline 102 between vaporizer 101 and the turbine engine 100 opened, make superheated vapor enter the acting of expanding in the turbine engine 100, its gas percussion power is impacted the blade 112 of turbine engine 111, the blade wheel 113 that just drive is positioned at one with and permanent magnetism 114 rotate simultaneously, because the attraction force or the repulsive force of permanent magnetism 114 in being subjected to, just make and be positioned at outside turbine engine 111 enclosed cavities, and the outer permanent magnetism 116 that is positioned at pto 117 outer surfaces also carries out synchronous rotation thereupon, the pto 117 that such and outer permanent magnetism 116 is installed on one also is being rotated, and has just externally exported rotatory force.

When vaporizer 101 equates with the air pressure inside of radiator 119, the first cover heat power machine is just no longer to its pto 117 actings, so before the first cover heat power machine stops pto 117 outputting powers, when perhaps stopping to pto 117 outputting powers, the second cover heat power machine has been finished as the working procedure before the first cover heat power machine acting this moment, and can as the working procedure of the first cover heat power machine, its pto 117 be done work at once, after working medium in the radiator 119 of the first cover heat power machine condense into liquid refrigerant gradually at this moment, to be connected in again vaporizer 101 and radiator 119 and and turbine engine 100 between pipeline on valve 103,105,121 open, the liquid refrigerant that makes the liquid refrigerant in the radiator 119 and remain in the turbine engine 100 flow back in the vaporizer 101, because the liquid in its heat exchanger 106 or the temperature of steam are by the temperature that is higher than low boiling working fluid gasification in its vaporizer 101, become the temperature that is lower than low boiling working fluid gasification in its vaporizer 101, flow back to the generation resistance so the temperature in the vaporizer 101 can't liquid towards working medium, then with vaporizer 101 and turbine engine 100 and and radiator 119 between valve 103 on the pipeline, 105,121 close, open again and change liquid pipeline 107 on the heat exchanger 106, valve 108 on 109,110, the high-temp liquid or the steam that make temperature be higher than low boiling working fluid gasification temperature in its vaporizer 101 enter and refill heat exchanger 106 from changing liquid pipeline 107, original cryogenic liquide or steam also just is expelled back in the water storage box 242 by changing liquid pipeline 109 simultaneously, and then heat exchanger 106 changed liquid pipeline 107, valve 108 on 109,110 close, in the time of will stopping or just having stopped pto 117 actings in the second cover heat power machine, the first cover heat power machine can do work to pto 117 again again, what this two covers heat power machine replaced does work to pto 117, its pto 117 will constantly externally be exported rotatory force like this, drive generator 240 with regard to the continual electric power that sends, and because the power speed stabilizing effect of being used to of flying wheel 239 makes generator 240 can send more stable electric power.

In order to allow its pto 117 continual output rotatory forces, the preparatory work of its heat power machine before acting should all be finished set by step, when second cover is finished acting, overlapping the heat power machine this moment first has finished the condensation of the heat radiation of radiator 119, low boiling working fluid and has been back in the vaporizer 101 and the water process of changing of heat exchanger 106, will begin in a minute then to pto 117 actings, so just realized its pto 117 continual outputting powers.

In addition its heat exchanger 106 and heat exchanger 206 to change that water conservancy project does be to realize by the pump 241 that is installed on the water-changing tube road 107, finish (when solar water heater heats the water of its inside being subjected to solar irradiation from flow phenomenon inside that also can be by solar water heater, hot water does not always stop does ascending motion, what the cold water in the water storage box did not always stop simultaneously moves downward), when using pump 241 to change water conservancy project when doing, its pump 241 can drive by pto 117, also can use external electric power.

In addition in order to reduce the heat radiation time of radiator, can adopt the radiator of water tower formula, can be installed in the radiator of many covers heat power machine in the water tower radiator, also can reduce the volume of radiator by the method that adopts the quantity that increases the heat power machine on the same pto that is installed in, prolong the heat radiation time.

For the interior permanent magnetism that improves its turbine engine and the magnetic intensity between the outer permanent magnetism on the pto, can adopt Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic with high magnetic energy level, area, volume and the quantity that also can increase magnetic patch improve magnetic intensity, as Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10: permanent magnetism 116 and outer permanent magnetism 114 can adopt quantity to equate in it two, also can adopt equal eight of quantity.

As Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 14, shown in Figure 15, the interior permanent magnetism 114 and the outer permanent magnetism 116 on the pto 117 of its turbine engine 100 can adopt various distortion to increase the magnetic area of contact.

As Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18, Figure 19, Figure 20, shown in Figure 21, it comprises turbine engine 151, blade 152, interior magnetic patch 153, magnetic block seat 154, blade wheel 155, bearing 156, outer magnetic patch 158, magnetic block seat 157, bearing 159, pto 160 compositions, the interior permanent magnetism 153 of its turbine engine 151 and the position between the outer permanent magnetism 158 on the pto 160, except the inwall of above-mentioned interior permanent magnetism 114 by turbine engine 100 arrives transmission of power outside the permanent magnetism 116, can also adopt sidewall or outer wall to output power to outer permanent magnetism 158 by turbine engine 151.And the interior permanent magnetism 153 and the outer permanent magnetism 158 of its turbine engine 151 can adopt various distortion to increase the magnetic area of contact.

As Figure 22, shown in Figure 23, its turbine engine also can adopt the design of on-bladed formula, as vaneless pore formula turbine 512.

Above-mentioned working procedure can adopt full-automatic electronic program assembly to control, can adopt the electronic control valve as above-mentioned valve, and be subjected to the control of program control assembly, on the outlet conduit of its heat exchanger temperature inductor can be housed, illustrate that when sensing high-temp liquid or high-temperature gas its heat exchanger finished the liquid work of changing, the electronic control valve that just can close automatically on the heat exchanger carries out next step evaporator evaporation acting work again.In its vaporizer level sensor can be housed for another example, during height when level sensor is sensed liquid level and reached low boiling working fluid and be not heated, illustrate that low boiling working fluid becomes the work of liquid to finish by condensation of gas, and then close whole electronic control valves of vaporizer automatically, automatically open the electronic control valve on the heat exchanger again, and change the work of high-temp liquid or gas.

If the temperature of the gaseous state low boiling working fluid in its radiator still can make another kind of low boiling working fluid that overheated gasification takes place, and another kind of low boiling working fluid carries out overheated gasification according to above-mentioned mechanical structure and working procedure and the acting of expanding after steam still be higher than ambient temperature, promptly can in environment, dispel the heat, so just the first cover heat power machine or second can be overlapped the heat exchanger of the radiator of heat power machine as next stage heat power machine, multistage so hot machine can make complete machine have higher heat power efficiency.

When the present invention being applied in low temperature underground heat, ocean thermal gradients, extensive low-temperature heat source such as the low-temperature water heating that the solar energy in large area water heater produced of residential quarters, central air-conditioner used heat, domestic air conditioning used heat, refrigerator used heat, Deng electrical equipment used heat, automobile, train, waste heat of internal combustion engine such as steamer, iron and steel is produced, manufacture of cement, during Deng industrial waste heat, the size of its heat power machine, output power, use which kind of low boiling working fluid, the volume of radiator and heat dissipation rate, the working application time of the hot machine of every cover, tricks with the hot machine that acts on same pto, and whether need use to change liquid pump, can be according to the temperature and the heat of thermal source, the needed maximum power of load, whether thermal source liquid or steam have flowability, the volume of Environmental Conditions, weight, noise, restrictions such as pollution take into full account and design etc. factor.

For example when the present invention being applied in sub-district solar low-temperature hot water generating, because the north sunshine duration is short, the quantity that just can increase solar water heater is to increase the hot water amount, it is defeated to increase generated output to increase the hot mantle that acts on same pto again, and the southern sunshine duration is longer, temperature is higher, then can reduce the area of solar water heater relatively, and adopts high efficiency water tower formula heat radiation.When used heat acting that the present invention is applied in central air-conditioner or domestic air conditioning or generating, original air conditioner heat radiator can be changed into the very radiator of small volume, and be installed in the water storage box, hot water in this water storage box promptly is the thermal source of hot machine, according to mechanical structure of the present invention and method of work, make hot machine constantly do work or generate electricity, the heat dissipation rate of its hot machine radiator is fast more, the volume of air conditioner heat radiator just can be littler, the refrigerating efficiency of air-conditioning is just higher, if during the compressor that rotatory force that this hot machine produced or electric power are supplied with this air-conditioning, its refrigerating efficiency will inevitably improve greatly so, and this also is the inexorable trend with high energy-conservationization development of appliance field realization high efficiency of high used heat.

When waste heat of internal combustion engine acting that the present invention is applied in automobile or generating, originally dispel the heat to ambient air to the radiator that ambient air heat radiation changes into by hot machine by water tank, original water tank of internal-combustion engine then is used for changing the water heat supply to the heat exchanger of the hot machine of many covers, hot water in its water tank promptly is the thermal source of hot machine, so can reduce the volume of former water tank of internal-combustion engine, and hot machine is installed in certain position of automobile, according to mechanical structure of the present invention and method of work, make hot machine constantly do work or generate electricity.Because the vaporizer of hot machine absorbs the heat of hot water in the heat exchanger in a large number, make the temperature of the temperature of hot water in its heat exchanger far below water tank of internal-combustion engine, so when the valve open of heat exchanger, just produce strong gravity flow and fusion phenomenon between the hot and cold water, change liquid pump and change water conservancy project and do and needn't adopt.In order to improve the heat of thermal source, the surface of the exhaust pipe of internal-combustion engine can be wrapped attachedly with water tank or water pipe, the other end of water tank or water pipe then is connected on the water tank, and the exhaust gas heat of exhaust pipe also is collected the thermal source as hot machine like this.If the power that its hot machine produces combines with the power of internal-combustion engine, will inevitably improve the efficient of internal-combustion engine greatly, perhaps be used for the power source of car air-conditioner, also can improve the problem that the compact car air-conditioning is short of power, and improve the car comfort inside.

It is above that what tell only is the preferred embodiments of the present invention.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some distortion and improvement, also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. thermodynamic device with low-temperature heat source, comprise vaporizer (101), heat exchanger (106), turbine engine (100), pto (117), radiator (119), connecting tube (107,109,102,118,120), and valve (108,110,103,121) connect to form, it is characterized in that: it is made up of the totally enclosed type heat power machine that at least two covers or many covers are installed on the same pto (117), the basic structure of its every cover totally enclosed type heat power machine is all identical, its first cover heat power machine is by vaporizer (101), heat exchanger (106), turbine engine (100), radiator (119), connecting tube (107,109,102,118,120), and valve (108,110,103,121) connect to form, its vaporizer (101) is positioned at heat exchanger (106), vaporizer (101), turbine engine (100), and radiator (119) is by pipeline (102,118,120) link to each other, on the pipeline (102) between vaporizer (101) and the turbine engine (100), and and radiator (119) between pipeline (120) on valve (103 is all arranged, 121), band valve (108 is housed on its heat exchanger (106), 110) change liquid pipeline (107,109), its radiator (119) and turbine engine (100) are at all or part of vaporizer (101) that is higher than perpendicular to the position on the center of gravity direction; The turbine engine of its heat power machine (100) is by shell (111), suction port (122), air outlet (123), blade wheel (113), interior permanent magnetism (114), inner bearing (130), outer permanent magnetism (116), outer bearing (131) is formed, its blade wheel (113), interior permanent magnetism (114), inner bearing (130) is positioned within the turbine engine shell (111), its outer permanent magnetism (116), outer bearing (131), pto (117) is positioned at outside the turbine engine shell (111), the magnetic conduction part of its turbine engine shell (111) can be barrel-shaped, the plane, or the shape of arc, when the magnetic conduction of its turbine engine shell (111) when partly being barrel-shaped, its at least in one or more permanent magnetism (114) be fixed on the inner surface of blade wheel (113), the two ends of the tubbiness internal surface of its blade wheel (113) by inner bearing (130) with on the rotary barrel-shaped inwall that is fixed on turbine engine shell (111), its at least one or more outer permanent magnetism (116) be fixed on the outer surface of pto (117), with on the rotary barrel-shaped outer wall that is fixed on turbine engine shell (111), its part or all of area of permanent magnetism that is positioned at the turbine engine shell is corresponding with the outer permanent magnetism outside being positioned at the turbine engine shell by outer bearing (131) for its pto (117).

2. thermodynamic device with low-temperature heat source according to claim 1 is characterized in that between vaporizer (101) and the turbine engine (100) in addition the back liquid pipeline (104) with valve (105).

3. thermodynamic device with low-temperature heat source according to claim 1 is characterized in that flying wheel (239) is arranged on its pto (117).

4. thermodynamic device with low-temperature heat source according to claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting 2,3,4,5 and the heat power machine of the shared same pto of more covers (117) form.

5. thermodynamic device with low-temperature heat source according to claim 1 is characterized in that in it that permanent magnetism (114) or outer permanent magnetism (116) can adopt the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic with high magnetic energy level, and also can adopting more, the magnetic patch of large size, volume or greater number improves magnetic intensity.

6. thermodynamic device with low-temperature heat source according to claim 1 is characterized in that its radiator (119) can adopt the radiator of water tower formula, perhaps is installed on the radiator of many covers heat power machine in the water tower radiator.