CN2871941Y - Large-torsional moment and low-speed hydraulic driving mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low speed large torque hydraulic driving mechanism, a swing tray is arranged in a shell cavity of the mechanism, at least three oil cylinders are distributed uniformly and supported between a shell outer ring and the swing tray, a crankshaft is arranged at shell center, the swing tray is arranged on an eccentric shaft of the crankshaft actively, a switch inductor is arranged on the outside of each oil cylinder respectively, an oil distribution switch is arranged on the external wall of corresponding shell, a reversing valve connected with an oil cylinder cavity is arranged on each oil cylinder support seat respectively, operating state of the reversing valve on each oil cylinder is controlled by the switch inductor, the oil distribution switch and the electric controller. The utility model basically eliminates leakage loss of the traditional hydraulic motor, increases rigidity of the hydraulic driving mechanism, reduces influence of the hydraulic driving mechanism on the speed of the mechanism due to oil leak to the maximum extent, increases low speed stability of the hydraulic driving mechanism effectively.

Description

A kind of low speed great torque hydraulic drive mechanism

Technical field

The utility model relates to hydraulic transmission technology field, particularly a kind of low speed great torque hydraulic drive mechanism.

Background technique

Oil hydraulic motor is a kind of hydraulic pressure can be transformed into the executive component of the output torque that rotatablely moves, and is widely used in the various machineries of rotary driving motion.But because also there is certain problem in oil hydraulic motor, for example, low-speed stability is steady inadequately, and manufacture cost is higher, low speed high torque hydraulic motor particularly, and problem is more outstanding, so its using scope is subjected to certain limitation.

The oil hydraulic motor that uses is various in style at present, by the rotational speed branch high-speed motor and zero motor are arranged, by the product structure branch gear motor, sliding-vane motor, gerotor motor, axial piston motor and radial plunger piston motor are arranged, radial plunger piston motor divides inner curve motor, radial piston motor, bulb stopper motor and tilt cylinder motor etc. again.Generally speaking, though the kind of oil hydraulic motor is various, but conclude, the something in common of various oil hydraulic motors all is to utilize hydraulic oil to arrive in the volume of a sealing by a kind of mechanical flow-distribution mechanism, produce corresponding load pressure promotion plunger or gear, blade movement, the rotation of driving rotor, output torque.Flow-distribution mechanism is made up of oil distribution casing or oil distributing shaft and rotor (cylinder body), utilizes to produce relative movement between rotor and the oil distribution casing and join oil, meanwhile can produce one deck oil film, to reduce the fretting wear between the relative movement face, improves the life-span.But a leakage loss problem can occur: under the condition of certain pressure, the high more oil film of the speed of related movement of oil distribution casing is thin more, and leakage loss is few more relatively, but the chance that is worn increase, in case oil film damages, oil distribution casing is burnt, hydraulic system is with regard to cisco unity malfunction; Otherwise the low more oil film of speed of related movement is thick more, and leakage loss is many more relatively, and the chance that is worn reduces, but rotary speed unstabilization is fixed.Usually adopt clearance seal between plunger and the cylinder body, the gap is big more, and leakage loss is many more, the gap is more little, leakage loss is few more, but the gap minimum is limited, and gap too small plunger is stuck easily, usually to keep certain clearance, therefore leakage loss is inevitably, and the gap requirement is very high, processing difficulties, complex process, the manufacture cost height.Plunger and bent axle or tiltedly adopt static balance between the basin produce oil film, reducing wear, but also produce leakage loss therefrom.In sum, the leakage loss oil mass of oil hydraulic motor is about: 5-10%Q, promptly volumetric efficiency is: η ₀=90-95, as seen, loss certain energy.And speed factor is less to the influence of leakage loss, leakage loss when that is to say oil hydraulic motor high speed and low speed is much the same, therefore oil hydraulic motor flow when high speed is bigger, leakage loss is less relatively to the influence of speed stability, but flow is less when low speed, leakage loss is relatively large to the influence of speed, and rotary speed unstabilization is fixed, often produces creeping phenomenon.

In order to improve the low-speed stability of hydraulic driving system, usually adopt the way that increases speed reducer, improve the oil hydraulic motor rotating speed, reduced the relative leakage loss of oil hydraulic motor, play a part necessarily for the stability that improves hydraulic system, but leakage loss still exists, and increased speed reducer and make complex structure, cost increases, and is not the way of at all dealing with problems therefore.

Summary of the invention

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is to eliminate the leakage loss of conventional hydraulic motors substantially, improves the rigidity of hydraulic drive mechanism, reduces the influence of hydraulic drive mechanism leakage of oil to its rotating speed to greatest extent, improves the low-speed stability of hydraulic drive mechanism effectively.

The technical solution that the utility model proposed is such: a kind of low speed great torque hydraulic drive mechanism, comprise oil cylinder and plunger rod thereof, housing, be provided with a wobble-plate in the described housing inner chamber, at least three described cylinder block ends are bearing on the described housing outer shroud by bearing block is uniform, in the plunger rod outer end of each oil cylinder by bearing pin in uniform way on the wobble-plate outer shroud of expansion bearing in correspondence, there is a bent axle at described housing center by Bearing Installation, the center of wobble-plate by Bearing Installation on the eccentric shaft of this bent axle, be separately installed with an inductive switching body in each cylinder block outside, be equipped with one on the corresponding shell outer wall with it and join oil switch, a selector valve that is connected with its cylinder cavity is housed, by the inductive switching body on each oil cylinder on each oil cylinder supporting base respectively, joining oil switch and electrical-controller controls the selector valve working state on each oil cylinder.The described uniform oil cylinder number that is installed on the housing outer shroud is 2n+3, and n is 0,1,2,3.

The utility model also belongs to the category of oil hydraulic motor, is not have oil distribution casing with the main distinction of conventional hydraulic motors, adopts electric liquid to join oil, makes plunger with oil cylinder, does not need speed reducer.

Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following beneficial effect:

1, adopt the hydraulic jack of a plurality of routines as power, the driving hydraulic drive mechanism rotates, the straight line motion of oil cylinder is become the output that rotatablely moves, oil cylinder adopts seal ring, do gap-free sealedly, eliminated traditional oil hydraulic motor plunger and the leakage loss between the cylinder body and complicated processing technology.

2, conventional hydraulic motors main axis rotation one circle, the stroke of plunger and main shaft relative movement is π D, and main axis rotation one circle of this hydraulic drive mechanism, the stroke of oil cylinder and wobble-plate relative movement is L (a little ellipse), π D＞＞L.As seen, owing to adopt the wobble-plate structure that the to-and-fro motion of oil cylinder is become the circle swing motion, the rotation of wobble-plate drive main spindle, plunger and bent axle speed of related movement have been reduced, be connected with bearing between wobble-plate and the main shaft, do not have friction wear and leakage loss between conventional hydraulic motors plunger and the main shaft.

3, cancelled conventional hydraulic motors oil distribution casing structure, adopted new electric liquid to join oily structure, be that oil cylinder is done oscillating motion when making fore and aft motion, utilize the angle control apparatus switch of oil cylinder swing, and then the control selector valve is joined oil to each oil cylinder, when oil cylinder swings to when joining the oil switch on positi, the selector valve coil is connected (or disconnection), oil cylinder oil-feed (or fuel-displaced), hydraulic drive mechanism just changes (or counter-rotating), when oil cylinder is swung when joining the oil switch off position, the selector valve coil disconnects (or connection), oil cylinder fuel-displaced (or oil-feed), hydraulic drive mechanism counter-rotating (or just changeing), switch on and off realization heavy wool cylinder hydraulic drive mechanism by a plurality of oil cylinder switch circulations and join functional oil, thereby eliminated the mechanical friction wearing and tearing and the leakage loss of conventional hydraulic motors oil distribution casing high speed and high pressure up hill and dale.

4, owing to adopted above structure, eliminated conventional hydraulic motors the leakage loss of key position, make the volumetric efficiency of hydraulic drive mechanism bring up to 100% to greatest extent, working stability is improved greatly.

5, owing to adopted the wobble-plate structure, reduce the speed of related movement of kinematic pair to greatest extent, reduced the fretting wear and the leakage loss of part, improved the functional reliability and the life-span of mechanism.

6, owing to adopted the oil cylinder split-type structural, simplify processing technology, reduced machining accuracy, reduced manufacture cost.

Present most low-speed big transmission device all is to adopt mechanical transmission or local hydraulic transmission, and promptly hydraulic pressure combines with gear transmission, so complex structure, and cost is higher.The utility model can replace above low-speed big transmission device fully, realize the transmission of pure hydraulic low-speed high pulling torque, enlarge the hydraulic transmission application area further, give full play to hydraulicdriven superiority, simplify the mechanical electric drive mechanism, reduced volume, alleviated weight, reduce cost, improved performance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an embodiment's of the utility model a structural representation.

Fig. 2 is that schematic representation is looked on the left side of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the force analysis figure between one of them oil cylinder shown in Figure 1 and wobble-plate, the bent axle.

Fig. 4 is the electric control schematic diagram of fluid motor-driven shown in Figure 1 mechanism.

Embodiment

By following embodiment the utility model is further elaborated.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, a kind of low speed great torque hydraulic drive mechanism of embodiment of the utility model mainly by housing 1, wobble-plate 2, seven oil cylinders 5, bent axle 3, solenoid directional control valves 7, join oil switch 9 and electrical-controller 11 is formed.The cylinder ends of seven oil cylinders 5 is by bearing block 6 uniform being bearing on housing 1 outer shroud, bearing pin 4 difference expansion bearings are passed through on the corresponding position of wobble-plate 2 outer shrouds in plunger rod 10 outer ends of each oil cylinder, bent axle 3 two ends (being main shaft) by Bearing Installation on housing 1 central position, wobble-plate 2 centers by Bearing Installation on the eccentric shaft of bent axle 3, a solenoid directional control valve 7 that is connected with its oil cylinder 5 inner chambers is housed respectively on the supporting base 6 of each oil cylinder, on the position of the cylinder body outside of each oil cylinder 5 corresponding housing 1, an inductive switching body 8 is housed, be equipped with one on corresponding shell 1 outer wall with it and join oil switch 9, cooperate the working state of 11 pairs of each solenoid directional control valves 7 of electrical-controller to control.

Working principle of this low speed great torque hydraulic drive mechanism and working procedure are such: when oil cylinder 5 is in zero-bit, the stroke h=0 of its plunger rod 10, pendulum angle α=0, it is obstructed to join oil switch 9, when oil cylinder 5 shifted by delta alpha＞0, joining oil switch 9 connects, corresponding solenoid directional control valve 7 work, hydraulic oil enters this oil cylinder by solenoid directional control valve 7 and acts on the plunger, plunger rod 10 overhanging promotion wobble-plates are made circle swing, if plunger rod 10 extend strokes are Δ h, the oil cylinder pendulum angle is Δ α, wobble-plate 2 pendulum angles are Δ ω, then bent axle 3 has rotated Δ n changes, when plunger rod 10 overhanging putting in place, the stroke of plunger rod 10 is h, and the oil cylinder pendulum angle is returned to α=0, the pendulum angle of wobble-plate 2 is π, bent axle 3 has rotated half-turn, joins oil switch 9 this moment and disconnects, solenoid directional control valve 7 outages, plunger rod 10 withdrawal under wobble-plate 2 effects, hydraulic oil flows back to fuel tank by solenoid directional control valve 7, when plunger rod 10 withdrawals put in place, and its stroke h=0, pendulum angle α=0 of oil cylinder 5, wobble-plate 2 has been swung ω=2 π, and bent axle 3 has rotated 1 circle, continuation swing Δ α under the effect of wobble-plate 2＞0 o'clock, join oil switch 9 this moment and connect, repeat a circulation.7 oil cylinders like this replace reciprocation cycle work, promote wobble-plate 2 and make circle swing, drive the main axis rotation of bent axle 3.The working principle of joining oil switch 9: when the plunger rod 10 flexible promotion wobble-plates 2 of oil cylinder 5 were swung, oil cylinder 5 self was also swung, and inductive switching body 8 automatically is switched on or switched off the corresponding with it oil switch 9 of joining along with the swing of oil cylinder 5.Swing when 0-α is interval when oil cylinder 5, join oil switch 9 and connect, solenoid directional control valve 7 energisings, oil cylinder 5 oil-feeds; When oil cylinder 5 swing 0-(when α) interval, join oil switch 9 and disconnect, solenoid directional control valve 7 outages, oil cylinder 5 is fuel-displaced, thereby has realized joining automatically functional oil.The controlling party that changes the electrical-controller 11 of joining oil switch is to the sense of rotation that can change wobble-plate 2, thus the sense of rotation of change output main shaft.

The motion force-bearing situation of this hydraulic drive mechanism is as shown in Figure 3: the directed force F of oil cylinder 5 acts on the eccentric shaft O ' of bent axle 3 by wobble-plate 2, produce a component Ft, because eccentric shaft O ' has an eccentric distance e with crankshaft center O, therefore produce a moment of torsion M=Fte, 3 oil cylinders are in the oil-feed zone of high pressure, the moment of torsion that produces is 3M=3Fte, the promotion eccentric shaft rotates, but wobble-plate 2 does not rotate, just around the bent axle swing, not rotation, oil cylinder 5 plunger rods are swung around crankshaft center O with the rotation of bent axle 3, its pendulum angle $\mathrm{\α}=\mathrm{arctg}\left(\frac{r\·\cos \mathrm{\ω}}{R}\right),$ Wherein, the distribution radius of r-wobble-plate outer shroud and oil cylinder plunger rod end tie point c, R-oil cylinder 5 supporting point D are in the distribution radius of housing 1, the pendulum angle of ω-wobble-plate 2, the movement locus of the outer shroud tie point c of oil cylinder plunger rod head and wobble-plate 2 is an ellipse, its major axis A=2e, minor axis B=2 * (e-Rsin α), oil cylinder plunger rod 10 one strokes promote 180 ° of wobble-plate 2 swings, bent axle 3 rotation half-turns.Because the starting point and the terminal point of oil cylinder plunger rod 10 strokes are unable, therefore want a plurality of oil cylinder alternations, promote wobble-plate 2 swings, thereby overcome the dead point of single oil cylinder plunger rod movement locus and the motion of backhaul, could promote wobble-plate 2 like this and make circle swing, drive bent axle 3 and rotate.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of low speed great torque hydraulic drive mechanism, comprise oil cylinder and plunger rod thereof, housing, it is characterized in that: be provided with a wobble-plate in the described housing inner chamber, at least three described cylinder block ends are bearing on the described housing outer shroud by bearing block is uniform, the plunger rod outer end of described each oil cylinder by bearing pin in uniform way expansion bearing on the wobble-plate outer shroud of correspondence, there is a bent axle at described housing center by Bearing Installation, the center of wobble-plate by Bearing Installation on the eccentric shaft of this bent axle, be separately installed with an inductive switching body in each cylinder block outside, be equipped with one on the corresponding shell outer wall with it and join oil switch, a selector valve that is connected with its cylinder cavity is housed, by the inductive switching body on each oil cylinder on each oil cylinder supporting base respectively, joining oil switch and electrical-controller controls the selector valve working state on each oil cylinder.

2, hydraulic drive mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described uniform oil cylinder number that is installed on the housing outer shroud is 2n+3, and n is 0,1,2,3.

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