CN2807010Y - Gas-fired or oil-fired boiler - Google Patents

Gas-fired or oil-fired boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN2807010Y
CN2807010Y CNU2005200716111U CN200520071611U CN2807010Y CN 2807010 Y CN2807010 Y CN 2807010Y CN U2005200716111 U CNU2005200716111 U CN U2005200716111U CN 200520071611 U CN200520071611 U CN 200520071611U CN 2807010 Y CN2807010 Y CN 2807010Y
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China
Prior art keywords
boiler
combustion
fuel
wall
combustion chamber
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Expired - Lifetime
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CNU2005200716111U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
林其钊
邢献军
李业发
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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University of Science and Technology of China USTC
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Priority to CNU2005200716111U priority Critical patent/CN2807010Y/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Abstract

The utility model relates to a boiler using fuel gas and fuel oil, which is characterized in that a combustion stirred reactor which is a combustion chamber connected with a liquid fuel or gas fuel air supply device is installed in a boiler chamber; the combustion stirred reactor utilizes the bottom of the boiler chamber as the bottom; the side walls of the combustion stirred reactor are connected with a boiler bottom; the length is not less than 70% of the length of the boiler chamber; the cross sectional area takes 50% to 90% of the cross sectional area of the available space of the boiler chamber; the wall surface is made of material with temperature resistance not less than 1500 DEG C; the tail part is provided with a combustion product outlet which is communicated to the boiler chamber. The fuel air supply device penetrates through the front boiler wall to be connected with the combustion chamber, and a nozzle of the fuel air supply device is provided with an igniter. The boiler can realize flameless combustion in the boiler under the condition that the temperature of the wall surface of the combustion chamber is not lower than 850 DEG C. The combustion reaction occurs in a dispersed and wide area without flame howl and flame fronts for separating combustion products from gas which doesn't combust. The utility model has the advantages of stable inner flow field of the combustion chamber, uniform temperature distribution, low discharge of NOX, low combustion noise and high average heat load.

Description

A kind of combustion gas or oil burning boiler
Technical field:
The utility model belongs to combustion apparatus boiler technology field, particularly aphlogistic combustion gas and oil burning boiler.
Background technology:
" Principles of Boiler and calculating " (Feng Junkai, Shen Youting chief editor, Science Press, 1992) 60-64 page or leaf has been introduced the principle of boiler combustion coal gas, has pointed out that the outlet of fuel-air feedway can form the tongues of fire or torch, and torch length is calculated." oil-burning gas-fired boiler structural design and atlas " (Zhao Qinxin, Li Weidong, Hui Shien, Luo Zhenghui writes, publishing house of Xi'an Communications University, 2002) the 125-143 page or leaf has been introduced modern fixed industry water pipe steam boiler and (has been comprised the D type, the A type, O type and corner tube boiler) internal structure and working method, this is based on drum, the collection case, water pipe, the structure of burner hearth, the fuel-air feedway directly is connected to burner hearth, flame forms the tongues of fire or torch in burner hearth from fuel-air feedway outlet ejection back, the radiation heat transfer by high-temperature flue gas and boiler heating surface and the heat convection of high-temperature flue gas scouring part water pipe are to obtain required steam or hot water.The subject matter of these boilers is: because the existence of the tongues of fire or torch, combustion reaction occurs in very little finite region, has the high-temperature region at the tongues of fire or torch place, the discharging of nitrogen oxide (NOx) is higher, if carry out tail gas clean-up, then disposable exhaust gas purification equipment investment is big, the operating cost height; Combustion reaction is abundant inadequately, increases excess air coefficient if improve efficiency of combustion, can improve heat loss due to exhaust gas again, reduces boiler overall thermal efficient; And heat exchange is only washed away the boiler heating surface heat exchange by high-temperature flue gas radiation heat transfer and high-temperature flue gas, and heat exchange efficiency has much room for improvement.
" Principles of Boiler and calculating " (Feng Junkai, Shen Youting chief editor, Science Press, 1992) the 65-67 page or leaf has been introduced a kind of non-flammable fuel air feeder, this flameless combustion refers to premixed gas and burns in the aperture road of fuel-air feedway spout, and the gas that comes out to burner hearth from the fuel-air feedway has been combustion product substantially.In fact, this burning remains flaming combustion, and the length that is little torch is very short, burns down substantially in little duct, can't see the flare that flame maybe can only cannot not seen longly in the spout outside.Therefore combustion reaction still occurs in very little finite region, volume heat load is very big in the little duct of fuel-air feedway spout, temperature can reach 1800 ℃, need high grade refractory, also there is simultaneously the higher problem of high-temperature region nitrogen oxide (NOx) discharging, and owing to be premixed combustion, tempering easily takes place, fuel-air feedway complicated layout.
Technology contents:
The utility model provides a kind of combustion gas or oil burning boiler, to realize flameless combustion, overcomes the atmosphere pollution defective that particularly nitrogen oxide is higher, boiler thermal output is on the low side that existing boiler combustion process exists high-temperature region, discharging.
Combustion gas of the present utility model or oil burning boiler, surround with fire-resistant furnace wall around comprising boiler body, drum is set up in the top, drum internal placement smoke pipe is drawn water pipe from the drum Lower Half, is connected to the collection case downwards, wherein, part water pipe reclines or is embedded on the furnace wall, forms radiation heating-surface---water-cooling wall, and the collection case places boiler bottom; Surround burner hearth by wall and boiler bottom before and after boiler drum bottom, water-cooling wall, the boiler; It is characterized in that: install combustion stirred reactor in burner hearth, this burning stirred reactor is the combustion chamber that is connected with liquid or gaseous fuel air feeder, this combustion chamber using burner hearth bottom is as its bottom, the limit wall is connected with furnace bottom and is no less than 20 centimetres with boiler water wall and boiler drum bottom heating surface distance, combustion chamber length is not less than 70% of burner hearth length, cross-sectional area accounts for the 50%-90% of burner hearth free space cross-sectional area, the material that wall adopts heatproof to be not less than 1500 ℃ is made, and afterbody has the combustion product outlet and is communicated to burner hearth; Furnace wall was connected with this combustion chamber before the fuel-air feedway passed, in the middle of this feedway is fuel channel, be air duct on every side, the air duct inlet links to each other with blower fan with pipeline, adopt the tangential admission mode, make its jet swirl strength that is ejected in the combustion chamber be not less than 1.0, spout disposes igniter.
Described burning stirred reactor can be a rectangular shape, or cuboid body, dome shape, or cuboid body, pinnacle shape, or drum.
The high temperature resistant heat storage of refractory material more than 1500 ℃ can be set in the described burning stirred reactor.
Compared with prior art, because the utility model combustion gas or oil burning boiler have adopted the burning stirred reactor that is connected with liquid or gaseous fuel air feeder, and this fuel-air feedway adopts the tangential admission mode, make the jet swirl strength of its generation be not less than 1.0, make high-temperature fuel gas in the combustion chamber, rotate stirring, and strong heat exchange by the inner mixed uniformly combustion gas of high temperature combustors wall and combustion chamber, make combustion reaction occur in the dissipation region of a broadness, the flame front that does not have separately-fired product and unburned gas, can when being not less than 850 ℃, realize the chamber wall surface temperature flameless combustion in the stove; Overcome that temperature distributing disproportionation is even in the combustion chamber of prior art, discharged nitrous oxides is higher, burning inadequately fully, shortcoming such as efficiency of combustion is on the low side; Its advantage is: the combustion chamber flow field is stable, uniformity of temperature profile, avoided the variation of boiler pressure-containing parts hot-spot, burning, oxidation and material structure, nitrogen oxide (NOx) discharging is low, combustion reaction is complete, still can completing combustion at excess air coefficient less than 1.05 o'clock, heat loss due to exhaust gas reduces greatly, has improved the overall thermal efficient of boiler, has reduced simultaneously because the hydrocarbon (C that incomplete combustion produced mH n), the discharging of carbon monoxide (CO), flue dust, and do not have the burning roar.
Than aforesaid conventional boiler, because the utility model boiler has increased the intense radiation heat exchange of burning stirred reactor wall and boiler heating surface, strengthened the heat exchange effect in the stove, reduced exhaust gas temperature, help improving the overall thermal efficient of boiler.
Because the burning stirred reactor length that the utility model boiler is taked is not less than 70% of burner hearth length; cross-sectional area accounts for the 50%-90% of burner hearth free space cross-sectional area; make the combustion reaction space big; avoid volume heat load too high and the high-temperature region occurs; effectively protect the wall of combustion chamber; and at least 20 centimetres of the wall of combustion chamber and boiler water wall and boiler drum bottom heating surface distances, outside the combustion chamber, leave enough spaces and wash away drum and water-cooling wall to high-temperature flue gas.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the cross section structure schematic diagram of the utility model combustion gas or oil burning boiler;
Fig. 2 is the vertical section structure schematic diagram of the utility model combustion gas or oil burning boiler.
The specific embodiment:
Further specify the specific embodiment of the utility model combustion gas or oil burning boiler below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment, refractory material is laid in the boiler body bottom, surrounds with fire-resistant furnace wall 2 all around; Cylindrical drum 1 is set up in the boiler body top, the drum first half is provided with stop valve, auxiliary steam valve, safety valve, water level meter and the Pressure gauge that connects respectively with pipeline, the drum outer front end first half is connected with exhanst gas outlet 12, Lower Half is connected with front smoke box 11, the rear end is connected with back smoke box 8, two groups of smoke pipes 10 are up and down arranged along axis direction in drum inside, below one group of smoke pipe 10 connect front smoke box 11 and back smoke box 8 respectively, above one group of smoke pipe connect back smoke box 8 and exhanst gas outlet 12 respectively; Draw a drainpipe from drum 1 Lower Half both sides under oblique respectively, extend and be connected to two next part casees 7, wherein, a part of water pipe 5 reclines or is embedded on the furnace wall of side, forms the radiation heating-surface water-cooling wall, and two next part casees 7 place boiler bottom; Surround burner hearth by wall and boiler bottom before and after upper drum bottom, water-cooling wall, the boiler; Furnace outlet links to each other with front smoke box; A burning stirred reactor 4 is installed in burner hearth, be designed to the combustion chamber of similar rectangular shape according to furnace cavity, utilize burner hearth bottom as its bottom, the limit wall is connected with furnace bottom, 40 centimetres of the wall of combustion chamber and boiler heating surface (comprising water-cooling wall and boiler drum bottom) distances, combustion chamber length is 95% of burner hearth length, cross-sectional area accounts for 70% of burner hearth free space cross-sectional area, wall adopts high temperature resistant clay brick more than 1500 ℃, high-alumina brick, silica brick, complex silicon carbide, magnesia brick or corundum refractory, one end of combustion chamber is connected to fuel-air feedway 3, the afterbody of combustion chamber has combustion product outlet 9, is communicated to burner hearth; In the middle of the fuel-air feedway 3 is liquid fuel passage, utilize its high pressure jet rose to make fuel atomization, the expulsion pressure of liquid fuel is not less than 1MPa, around the liquid fuel passage is air duct, air duct inlet 14 links to each other with pipeline with blower fan 16 outlets, and air adopts the tangential admission mode, and the generation swirl strength enters burning stirred reactor 4 greater than 1.0 rotating jet, excess air coefficient guarantees that at 1.02-1.4 fuel-air feedway spout is furnished with igniter 15.
During use, earlier boiler water cycle system (comprising drum, water pipe etc.) is added water to waterline and surpass half height of drum, fuel channel inlet 13 feeds fuel, starting blower fan 16 ventilates to air duct inlet 14, the igniter 15 that will fit over then on the fuel-air feedway starts, and ignition to the wall surface temperature of combustion reactor is not less than 850 ℃.At this moment, after fuel and air are ejected into burning stirred reactor 4 the insides from fuel-air feedway 3, red-hot burning stirred reactor wall and gaseous mixture carry out the high strength heat exchange, and fuel, air and combustion product fully rotate stirring, fully mix, make fuel and air be dissolved into the bags of broad disperse rapidly, react, do not have the flame front of separately-fired product and unburned gas, the no tongues of fire or torch, no flame roar forms flameless combustion.Combustion product flows out from burning stirred reactor outlet 9, enter burner hearth after, wash away drum and water-cooling wall, turn back to the boiler front portion, enter front smoke box 11.Flue gas enters smoke pipe 10 from front smoke box 11 then, behind the smoke box 8, is returned by smoke pipe after flowing into again, and discharges from chimney from exhanst gas outlet 12 to economizer or directly at last.If in the time of will stopping boiler work, first fuel shutoff is supplied with, purging air is 5 minutes again.
Because combustion gas of the present utility model or oil burning boiler have adopted the burning stirred reactor that is connected with liquid or gaseous fuel air feeder, and the jet swirl strength that this fuel-air feedway produces is not less than 1.0, make high-temperature fuel gas in the combustion chamber, rotate stirring, and strong heat exchange by the inner mixed uniformly combustion gas of high temperature combustors wall and combustion chamber, make combustion reaction occur in the dissipation region of a broadness, the flame front that does not have separately-fired product and unburned gas, thereby do not have the tongues of fire or torch, it is even to have overcome in the combustion chamber of prior art temperature distributing disproportionation, discharged nitrous oxides is higher, it is abundant inadequately to burn, shortcomings such as efficiency of combustion is on the low side; Its advantage is: the combustion chamber flow field is stable, uniformity of temperature profile, avoided the variation of boiler pressure-containing parts hot-spot, burning, oxidation and material structure, nitrogen oxide (NOx) discharging is low, combustion reaction is complete, still can completing combustion at excess air coefficient less than 1.05 o'clock, heat loss due to exhaust gas reduces greatly, has improved the overall thermal efficient of boiler, has reduced simultaneously because the hydrocarbon (C that incomplete combustion produced mH n), the discharging of carbon monoxide (CO), flue dust, and do not have the burning roar.
Than aforesaid conventional boiler, because the utility model boiler has increased the intense radiation heat exchange of burning stirred reactor wall and boiler heating surface, strengthened the heat exchange effect in the stove, reduced exhaust gas temperature, help improving the overall thermal efficient of boiler.
Because the burning stirred reactor length that boiler of the present utility model is taked accounts for 95% of burner hearth length, cross-sectional area accounts for 70% of burner hearth free space cross-sectional area, make the combustion reaction space big, avoid volume heat load too high and the high-temperature region occurs, effectively protect the wall of combustion chamber; The wall of combustion chamber and boiler water wall and boiler drum bottom heating surface distance is 40 centimetres simultaneously, leaves enough spaces and wash away drum and water-cooling wall to high-temperature flue gas outside the combustion chamber.
Embodiment 2:
Present embodiment is transformed traditional coal-burning boiler for taking, and a burning stirred reactor is installed in burner hearth, and according to stove load design fuel-air feedway, making it to become can burning gases or the boiler of the present utility model of liquid fuel.
The structure of the traditional coal-burning boiler that is utilized is: surround with fire-resistant furnace wall 2 around the boiler body, upper drum 1 is set up in the top, upper drum 1 internal placement smoke pipe, upper drum 1 first half is connected to steam valve, safety valve, water level meter and Pressure gauge with pipeline respectively, draw water pipe extension downwards from upper drum 1 Lower Half and be connected to lower drum, wherein, part water pipe reclines or is embedded on the furnace wall 2, form radiation heating-surface---water-cooling wall, lower drum places boiler bottom, on the end end socket of lower drum sewage draining valve is housed; Surround burner hearth by wall and boiler bottom before and after upper drum bottom, water-cooling wall, the boiler; Burner hearth one end opening links to each other with coaling facilities, and burner hearth bottom is laid fire grate or fire grate, and burner hearth other end opening is to slag removal equipment; Take block face arch and rear arch in burner hearth the place ahead and rear.
Present embodiment is on the basis of traditional coal-burning boiler, remove coaling facilities and bottom fire grate or fire grate, and at former fire grate or fire grate position laying refractory material, can remove chimney arch as required, a burning stirred reactor 4 is installed in burner hearth, the burning stirred reactor is designed to similar cuboid body according to furnace cavity, the combustion chamber of dome shape, length is 90% of burner hearth length, cross-sectional area accounts for 75% of burner hearth free space cross-sectional area, wall adopts high temperature resistant clay brick more than 1500 ℃, high-alumina brick, silica brick, complex silicon carbide, magnesia brick or corundum refractory, also can adopt the structure of internal layer steel external application refractory material, one end of combustion chamber is connected to fuel-air feedway 3, and the afterbody of combustion chamber has combustion product outlet 9; In the middle of the fuel-air feedway 3 is fuel gas passage, the expulsion pressure of gaseous fuel is not less than 500 millimeters of water, around the fuel gas passage is air duct, air duct inlet 14 links to each other with pipeline with blower fan 16 outlets, air adopts the tangential admission mode, the generation swirl strength enters burning stirred reactor 4 greater than 1.0 rotating jet, and excess air coefficient guarantees that at 1.02-1.4 fuel-air feedway spout is furnished with igniter 15.
Using method is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
In the present embodiment, 3 placed apart (totally 6) heat storages 6 of two sidewalls in combustion chamber recline respectively in bottom, burning stirred reactor the inside, this heat storage adopts high temperature resistant refractory brick material more than 1500 ℃, shape is a cuboid, the height of every heat storage accounts for 80% of combustion chamber height, length accounts for 8% of combustion chamber length, and width accounts for 10% of combustion chamber width; After burning is provided with heat storage in the stirred reactor, because its auxiliary red-hot burning stirred reactor wall and gaseous mixture carries out strong heat exchange, so Temperature Distribution is more even, its mixing of stirred reactor internal gas that help to burn of while.
Other parts are identical with embodiment 1 or 2.

Claims (3)

1, a kind of combustion gas or oil burning boiler, surround with fire-resistant furnace wall around comprising boiler body, drum is set up in the top, drum internal placement smoke pipe is drawn water pipe from the drum Lower Half, is connected to the collection case downwards, wherein, part water pipe reclines or is embedded on the furnace wall, forms radiation heating-surface---water-cooling wall, and the collection case places boiler bottom; Surround burner hearth by wall and boiler bottom before and after boiler drum bottom, water-cooling wall, the boiler; It is characterized in that: install combustion stirred reactor in burner hearth, this burning stirred reactor is the combustion chamber that is connected with liquid or gaseous fuel air feeder, this combustion chamber using burner hearth bottom is as its bottom, the limit wall is connected with furnace bottom and is no less than 20 centimetres with boiler water wall and boiler drum bottom heating surface distance, combustion chamber length is not less than 70% of burner hearth length, cross-sectional area accounts for the 50%-90% of burner hearth free space cross-sectional area, the material that wall adopts heatproof to be not less than 1500 ℃ is made, and afterbody has the combustion product outlet and is communicated to burner hearth; Furnace wall was connected with this combustion chamber before the fuel-air feedway passed, in the middle of this feedway is fuel channel, be air duct on every side, the air duct inlet links to each other with blower fan with pipeline, adopt the tangential admission mode, make its jet swirl strength that is ejected in the combustion chamber be not less than 1.0, spout disposes igniter.
2, fuel oil as claimed in claim 1 or gas fired-boiler are characterised in that described burning stirred reactor, comprise rectangular shape, or cuboid body, dome shape, or cuboid body, pinnacle shape, or drum.
3, fuel oil as claimed in claim 1 or gas fired-boiler are characterised in that to be provided with the high temperature resistant heat storage of refractory material more than 1500 ℃ in the described burning stirred reactor.
CNU2005200716111U 2005-05-13 2005-05-13 Gas-fired or oil-fired boiler Expired - Lifetime CN2807010Y (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100483025C (en) * 2005-05-13 2009-04-29 中国科学技术大学 Boiler using gas or fuel oil
CN106152500A (en) * 2016-06-30 2016-11-23 北京大学 The flameless combustion burner hearth of a kind of heat exchange type and control method thereof
CN107525274A (en) * 2017-10-17 2017-12-29 临沂欧科锅炉有限公司 A kind of method for improving gas fired-boiler energy-conservation and stability

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100483025C (en) * 2005-05-13 2009-04-29 中国科学技术大学 Boiler using gas or fuel oil
CN106152500A (en) * 2016-06-30 2016-11-23 北京大学 The flameless combustion burner hearth of a kind of heat exchange type and control method thereof
CN106152500B (en) * 2016-06-30 2019-01-29 北京大学 A kind of the flameless combustion burner hearth and its control method of heat exchange type
CN107525274A (en) * 2017-10-17 2017-12-29 临沂欧科锅炉有限公司 A kind of method for improving gas fired-boiler energy-conservation and stability
CN107525274B (en) * 2017-10-17 2023-05-16 临沂市欧科节能技术有限公司 Method for improving energy conservation and stability of gas boiler

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C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
AV01 Patent right actively abandoned

Effective date of abandoning: 20090429

AV01 Patent right actively abandoned

Effective date of abandoning: 20090429

C25 Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting