CN2718602Y - Small optical switch - Google Patents
Small optical switch Download PDFInfo
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- CN2718602Y CN2718602Y CN 200420023179 CN200420023179U CN2718602Y CN 2718602 Y CN2718602 Y CN 2718602Y CN 200420023179 CN200420023179 CN 200420023179 CN 200420023179 U CN200420023179 U CN 200420023179U CN 2718602 Y CN2718602 Y CN 2718602Y
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- fiber collimator
- prism
- movable switch
- optical fiber
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Abstract
The utility model provides a small optical switch, comprising a double-optical fiber collimator, an optical fiber collimator, a plane reflecting mirror and a movable switch prism. The movable switch prism is provided with a first staying position and a second staying position, the first staying position is positioned in the light paths of the first input optical fiber and the second output optical fiber, the second staying position is positioned outside the ejecting light path of the first input optical fiber, and the reflecting face of the plane reflecting mirror is faced to the first double-optical fiber collimator, is fixed to the opposite position of the first double-optical fiber collimator and is positioned in the ejecting light path of the first input optical fiber and the incident light path of the first output optical fiber. The movable switch prism is switched between the first staying position and the second staying position, the light ejected by the input optical fiber of the first double-optical fiber collimator can be guided to the output optical fiber of the second optical fiber collimator, and light ejected by the input optical fiber of the first double-optical fiber collimator can be reflected to the other optical fiber of the collimator. The utility model raises the collimationof the optical fiber switch and reduces the manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical field:
The utility model relates to physical field, relates in particular to optical element, particularly switches the device of the optical transmission line that is made of optical fiber in the optical communication field, and concrete is a kind of small optical switch.
Background technology:
In the prior art, aspect optical-fibre communications, extensively adopt mechanical optical switch to realize the switching of light.In mechanical optical switch, mechanical optical device is with the output optical fibre of light from the appointment of input optical fibre guiding.Usually utilize mobile light prism in the prior mechanical photoswitch, or mode such as moving fiber itself realizes the switching of light, this makes the mutual collimation of optical fiber be difficult for guaranteeing.For the insertion loss control that makes light in receptible scope, each optical device in the photoswitch must accurately keep the position of collimation mutually.This has increased manufacturing cost to the high request of light path thereupon, has reduced throughput rate, has also limited the ability that photoswitch can bear environmental changes such as temperature range, oscillation intensitys.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of small optical switch, described this small optical switch will solve the technical matters that mechanical optical switch of the prior art be difficult for to guarantee the mutual collimation of optical fiber, also will solve the technical matters that mechanical optical switch manufacturing cost height of the prior art, throughput rate are low, temperature, vibration changed the ability to bear difference simultaneously.
The utility model is that the technical scheme that solution above-mentioned technical matters of the prior art is adopted provides a kind of small optical switch.Described this small optical switch is by one first optical fiber collimator, one second optical fiber collimator, one first plane mirror and a movable switch prism constitute, described first optical fiber collimator is made of one first double-fiber collimator, be provided with one first input optical fibre and one first output optical fibre in described first double-fiber collimator, at least be provided with one second output optical fibre in described second optical fiber collimator, the relative position of described first double-fiber collimator and second optical fiber collimator is fixed, wherein, described movable switch prism has one first stop place and one second stop place, described first stop place is positioned among the light path of described first input optical fibre and second output optical fibre, described second stop place is positioned at outside the emitting light path of described first input optical fibre, the reflecting surface of described first plane mirror is towards described first double-fiber collimator, the relative position of described first plane mirror and described first double-fiber collimator is fixed, and the reflecting surface of described first plane mirror is positioned among the input path of the emitting light path of described first input optical fibre and described first output optical fibre.
Further, described first double-fiber collimator and second optical fiber collimator be arranged in parallel, and direction is opposite, and the shape of described movable switch prism is parallel four limit bodies.
Further, described movable switch prism is a parallelepipedon, and the both ends of the surface of described movable switch prism are provided with reflecting surface, and the side of described movable switch prism is provided with two transmission planes that are parallel to each other.
Further, described reflecting surface and adjacent described transmission plane are miter angle.
Further, described first double-fiber collimator and second optical fiber collimator be arranged in parallel, and direction is identical, and the shape of described movable switch prism is symmetrical prismatoid.
Further, described movable switch prism is symmetrical trapezoidal hexahedron, it is trapezoidal that the cross section of described movable switch prism is symmetry, four sides of described movable switch prism are parallel to each other, two end faces of described movable switch prism are provided with reflecting surface, the side of described movable switch prism is provided with two transmission planes that are parallel to each other, and described end face and adjacent end face are miter angle.
Further, be provided with spacing between the end face of described first plane mirror and described first double-fiber collimator.
Further, described spacing meets following relational expression: S+ (L/2+W/2)/n=Dc, described S represents the distance of a transmission plane of the end face of described first double-fiber collimator and described movable switch prism, described W represents the width of described movable switch prism on the direction parallel with the vertical central axis of described first double-fiber collimator, described L represents the length of described movable switch prism on the direction vertical with the vertical central axis of described first double-fiber collimator, and described n represents the material refractive index of described movable switch prism.
In addition, further, described second optical fiber collimator also can be made of one second double-fiber collimator, be provided with one second output optical fibre and one second input optical fibre in described second double-fiber collimator, described movable switch prism has one first stop place and one second stop place, described first stop place is positioned among the light path of described first input optical fibre and second output optical fibre, described second stop place is positioned at outside the emitting light path of described first input optical fibre and second output optical fibre, port one side at described second double-fiber collimator is provided with one second plane mirror, the reflecting surface of described second plane mirror is towards described second double-fiber collimator, the relative position of described second plane mirror and described second double-fiber collimator is fixed, and the reflecting surface of described second plane mirror is positioned among the input path of the emitting light path of described second input optical fibre and described second output optical fibre.
Further, described first input optical fibre and described first output optical fibre are set in parallel in described first double-fiber collimator, and described second input optical fibre and described second output optical fibre are set in parallel in described second double-fiber collimator.
Further, described first double-fiber collimator and second double-fiber collimator be arranged in parallel, and direction is opposite, and the shape of described movable switch prism is parallel four limit bodies.
Further, described movable switch prism is a parallelepipedon, and the both ends of the surface of described movable switch prism are provided with reflecting surface, and the side of described movable switch prism is provided with two transmission planes that are parallel to each other.
Further, described reflecting surface and adjacent described transmission plane are miter angle.
Further, described first double-fiber collimator and second double-fiber collimator be arranged in parallel, and direction is identical, and the shape of described movable switch prism is symmetrical prismatoid.
Further, described movable switch prism is symmetrical trapezoidal hexahedron, it is trapezoidal that the cross section of described movable switch prism is symmetry, four sides of described movable switch prism are parallel to each other, two end faces of described movable switch prism are provided with reflecting surface, the side of described movable switch prism is provided with two transmission planes that are parallel to each other, and described end face and adjacent end face are miter angle.
Further, be provided with spacing between the end face of described first plane mirror and described first double-fiber collimator.
Further, described spacing meets following relational expression: S+ (L/2+W/2)/n=Dc, described S represents the distance of a transmission plane of the end face of described first double-fiber collimator and described movable switch prism, described W represents the width of described movable switch prism on the direction parallel with the vertical central axis of described first double-fiber collimator, described L represents the length of described movable switch prism on the direction vertical with the vertical central axis of described first double-fiber collimator, and described n represents the material refractive index of described movable switch prism.
As follows according to the light changing method that small optical switch described in the utility model adopts: as to include a first step that described movable switch prism is arranged at described first stop place in the described smooth changing method, in described first step, described movable switch prism is arranged in the light path between described first double-fiber collimator and second double-fiber collimator, use described movable switch prism, the output optical fibre of photoconduction in double-fiber collimator of an input optical fibre outgoing that will be from first double-fiber collimator, also include second step that described movable switch prism is moved to described second stop place in the described smooth changing method, in described second step, described movable switch prism is moved to outside the light path between described first double-fiber collimator and second optical fiber collimator.
Further, described first double-fiber collimator and second optical fiber collimator be arranged in parallel, and direction is opposite, and the shape of described movable switch prism is parallel four limit bodies.
Further, described first double-fiber collimator and second optical fiber collimator be arranged in parallel, and direction is identical, and the shape of described movable switch prism is symmetrical prismatoid.
Further, be provided with spacing between the end face of described first plane mirror and described first double-fiber collimator.
Further, described spacing meets following relational expression: S+ (L/2+W/2)/n=Dc, described S represents the distance of a transmission plane of the end face of described first double-fiber collimator and described movable switch prism, described W represents the width of described movable switch prism on the direction parallel with the vertical central axis of described first double-fiber collimator, described L represents the length of described movable switch prism on the direction vertical with the vertical central axis of described first double-fiber collimator, and described n represents the material refractive index of described movable switch prism.
In addition, further, described second optical fiber collimator also can adopt one second double-fiber collimator to constitute, be provided with one second output optical fibre and one second input optical fibre in described second double-fiber collimator, include a first step that described movable switch prism is arranged at described first stop place in the described smooth changing method, in described first step, described movable switch prism is arranged in the light path between described first double-fiber collimator and second double-fiber collimator, use described movable switch prism, the output optical fibre of photoconduction in second double-fiber collimator of an input optical fibre outgoing that will be from first double-fiber collimator, the output optical fibre of photoconduction in second double-fiber collimator of an input optical fibre outgoing that will be from second double-fiber collimator, also include second step that described movable switch prism is moved to described second stop place in the described smooth changing method, in described second step, described movable switch prism is moved to outside the light path between described first double-fiber collimator and second double-fiber collimator.
Further, described first double-fiber collimator and second double-fiber collimator be arranged in parallel, and direction is opposite, and the shape of described movable switch prism is parallel four limit bodies.
Further, described first double-fiber collimator and second double-fiber collimator be arranged in parallel, and direction is identical, and the shape of described movable switch prism is symmetrical prismatoid.
Further, be provided with spacing between the end face of described first plane mirror and described first double-fiber collimator.
Further, described spacing meets following relational expression: S+ (L/2+W/2)/n=Dc, described S represents the distance of a transmission plane of the end face of described first double-fiber collimator and described movable switch prism, described W represents the width of described movable switch prism on the direction parallel with the vertical central axis of described first double-fiber collimator, described L represents the length of described movable switch prism on the direction vertical with the vertical central axis of described first double-fiber collimator, and described n represents the material refractive index of described movable switch prism.
Further, optical fiber collimator described in the utility model, double-fiber collimator, optical fiber, plane mirror and movable switch prism all can adopt known solution of the prior art to make, about optical fiber collimator, double-fiber collimator, optical fiber, plane mirror and movable switch prism known solution are in the prior art known by those of ordinary skill in the art, so do not repeat them here.
The course of work of the present utility model is: when the movable switch prism was moved out of collimating apparatus and plane mirror regional, the luminous energy that root penetrates one of from two light of first double-fiber collimator was almost entirely reflexed in another root optical fiber by first plane mirror.Same, facing to second plane mirror of second double-fiber collimator one of will be from two optical fiber of second double-fiber collimator luminous energy that penetrates of root almost entirely reflex in another root.
When the movable switch prism is moved into collimating apparatus and plane mirror regional, the movable switch prism two parallel reflecting surfaces are arranged, they are 45 ° with the angle of other two parallel transmission planes, and simultaneously, also the longitudinal axis with two double-fiber collimators intersects with 45 °.After being cut mutually by prism from the light beam of the first double-fiber collimator outgoing, no longer be mapped on first plane mirror.The light beam of an optical fiber outgoing enters the movable switch prism by the transmission plane of movable switch prism above first double-fiber collimator, propagates along X direction basically in the movable switch prism, up to being reflected by the last reflecting surface of movable switch prism.So the direction of the light beam of propagating between upper and lower two reflectings surface of movable switch prism is substantially perpendicular to the central shaft of two double-fiber collimators.The light beam of another transmission plane outgoing by the movable switch prism enters second double-fiber collimator, is focused on a following optical fiber that enters second double-fiber collimator by the lenticule of second double-fiber collimator then.
Identical, the light beam of an optical fiber outgoing enters prism by the transmission plane of movable switch prism below first double-fiber collimator, after the last reflecting surface reflection of movable switch prism, in the movable switch prism along the cardinal principle horizontal transmission, up to by the reflection of the following reflecting surface of movable switch prism.Light beam goes out to inject second double-fiber collimator by the following transmission plane of movable switch prism from the movable switch prism then.After light beam is focused on by the lenticule of second double-fiber collimator, enter a top optical fiber of second double-fiber collimator.
Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following advantage: the utility model is applicable to makes and uses 1 * 2 and 2 * 2 photoswitch.Can improve the collimation of 1 * 2 and 2 * 2 photoswitch, the dirigibility regulated of light path simultaneously makes the size of prism have quite loose tolerance, can reduce the manufacturing cost of prism, and not influence the quality of photoswitch.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the view of example of one 2 * 2 photoswitch of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is another view of an example of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is the equivalent index path of a state of an example of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is the equivalent index path of another state of an example of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is the size synoptic diagram of an example of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is a view of another example of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Fig. 7 is another view of another example of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Fig. 8 is the equivalent index path of a state of another example of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Fig. 9 is the equivalent index path of another state of another example of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Figure 10 is a view of another example of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Figure 11 is another view of another example of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Figure 12 is the equivalent index path of a state of another example of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Figure 13 is the equivalent index path of another state of another example of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Figure 14 is a view of another example of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Figure 15 is another view of another example of small optical switch of the present utility model.
Embodiment:
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 14 and shown in Figure 15, a kind of small optical switch 10 of the utility model, by first double-fiber collimator 20, second double-fiber collimator 30, one first plane mirror 50 and a movable switch prism 80 constitute, described first double-fiber collimator 20 and second double-fiber collimator 30 are cylindrical and be arranged in parallel, described light path switch is arranged on the zone between described first double-fiber collimator 20 and second double-fiber collimator 30, described first double-fiber collimator 20 is made of optical fiber tube 22 and lenticule 23, described second double-fiber collimator 30 is made of optical fiber tube 32 and lenticule 34, described optical fiber tube 22 the insides are provided with optical fiber 26,28, described optical fiber tube 32 the insides are provided with optical fiber 36,38, described light path switch is by first plane mirror 50, second plane mirror 70 and movable switch prism 80 constitute, the reflecting surface 52 of described first plane mirror 50 faces toward with described first double-fiber collimator 20 and fixedly installs, the reflecting surface 72 of described second plane mirror 70 faces toward with described second double-fiber collimator 30 and fixedly installs, described movable switch prism 80 is arranged on described first double-fiber collimator 20, first plane mirror 50, in the space that second double-fiber collimator 30 and second plane mirror 70 are surrounded, described movable switch prism 80 is a movable part, in the optical fiber tube 22 of described first double-fiber collimator, be arranged with two optical fiber 26 in parallel, 28, in the optical fiber tube 32 of described second double-fiber collimator, be arranged with two optical fiber 36 in parallel, 38, further, in the optical fiber tube 22 of described first double-fiber collimator, be arranged with two optical fiber 26 in parallel, 28, in the optical fiber tube of described second double-fiber collimator 91, be provided with an optical fiber 96, further, described first double-fiber collimator 20 and second double-fiber collimator 30 are with opposite direction setting, concrete, described first double-fiber collimator 20 and second double-fiber collimator 120 are with identical direction setting, further, described movable switch prism 80 is parallelepipedons, the both ends of the surface of described movable switch prism 80 are provided with lighttight reflecting surface 84 and 86, the side of described movable switch prism 80 is provided with two transmission planes that are parallel to each other 82 and 88, tool is stopped, described reflecting surface 84 is miter angle with described transmission plane 88, described reflecting surface 86 is miter angle with described transmission plane 82, further, described movable switch prism 280 is symmetrical trapezoidal hexahedrons, it is trapezoidal that described movable switch prism 280 cross sections are symmetry, four sides of described movable switch prism 280 are parallel to each other, two end faces of described movable switch prism 280 are provided with lighttight reflecting surface, the side of described movable switch prism 280 is provided with two transmission planes that are parallel to each other, described end face and adjacent described end face are miter angle, further, first plane mirror 50 keeps being decided by relational expression S+ (L/2+W/2)/n=Dc with the end face of first double-fiber collimator 20 at a distance of the size of Dc and movable switch prism 80, here S is the distance of the transmission plane in the left side of first double-fiber collimator, 20 end faces and movable switch prism 80, W be movable switch prism 80 with first double-fiber collimator, 20 vertical central axis parallel directions on width, L be movable switch prism 80 with the first double-fiber collimator vertical central axis vertical direction on length, n is the refractive index of movable switch prism 80 materials.When movable switch prism 80 is moved out of collimating apparatus 20,30 and plane mirror 50,70 regional, the light beam 42 that root 26 penetrates one of from two light of first double-fiber collimator 20 can almost entirely be reflected into light beam 44 by first plane mirror 50 and be entered 28 li of another root optical fiber, and the intersection point of two light beams 42,46 is on the reflecting surface 52 of first plane mirror 50; Same, facing to second plane mirror 70 of second double-fiber collimator 30 one of will be from two optical fiber of second double-fiber collimator 30 light beam 62 that penetrates of root 36 almost entirely be reflected into light beam 64 and enter 38 li of another roots, the intersection point of two light beams 62,64 is on the reflecting surface 72 of second plane mirror 70.When movable switch prism 80 is moved into collimating apparatus 20,30 and plane mirror 50,70 regional, after being cut mutually by prism 80 from the light beam 42,44 of first double-fiber collimator, 20 outgoing, no longer is mapped to first plane anti-50 and penetrates on the mirror.The light beam of optical fiber 26 outgoing enters movable switch prism 80 by the transmission plane 82 of movable switch prism 80 above first double-fiber collimator 20, in movable switch prism 80, propagate along X direction basically, up to being reflected by the last reflecting surface 84 of movable switch prism 80.So, be substantially perpendicular to the central shaft of two double- fiber collimators 20,30 in the direction of the light beam of 84,86 propagation of upper and lower two reflectings surface of movable switch prism 80.The light beam 62 of another transmission plane 88 outgoing by movable switch prism 80 enters second double-fiber collimator 30.Light beam 62 is focused on a following optical fiber 36 that enters second double-fiber collimator 30 by the lenticule 34 of second double-fiber collimator 30 then.Identical, the light beam 44 of optical fiber 28 outgoing enters movable switch prism 80 by the transmission plane 82 of movable switch prism below first double-fiber collimator 20, after last reflecting surface 84 reflections of movable switch prism 80, on 80 li on movable switch prism along the cardinal principle horizontal transmission, up to by following reflecting surface 86 reflections of movable switch prism 80.Light beam 64 goes out to inject second double-fiber collimator 30 by the following transmission plane 88 of movable switch prism 80 from movable switch prism 80 then.After light beam 64 is focused on by the lenticule 34 of second double-fiber collimator 30, enter a top optical fiber 38 of second double-fiber collimator, in movable switch prism 80, intersect at a little 90 at the light beam of movable switch prism 80 internal communications.
Concrete, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 illustrate a prototype of the present utility model respectively, 2 * 2 photoswitches 10, two on off states.The two optic collimators 20 of first I/O and second two optic collimators 30 of I/O are arranged in the photoswitch 10.Collimating apparatus 20 has comprised 22, one reliable lenticule 24 and two optical fiber 26,28 of installing of two optical fiber tubules.One in the optical fiber 26,28 can be used as input optical fibre, and another root can be used as output optical fibre.Tubule 22 remains substantially parallel trend with optical fiber 26,28.Collimating apparatus 30 has comprised 32, one reliable lenticule 34 and two optical fiber 36,38 of installing of two optical fiber tubules.One in the optical fiber 36,38 can be used as input optical fibre, and another root can be used as output optical fibre.Collimating apparatus 20,30 is keeping and defined y direction almost parallel, and faces one another with opposite direction.The vertical central axis of two collimating apparatuss 20,30 is in the certain distance of transverse direction skew, and this distance generally is greater than the aperture of each collimating apparatus.First catoptron 50 has a plane reflection face 52.Reflecting surface 52 is facing to collimating apparatus 20.Catoptron 50 is fixed in a position through overregulating, so when photoswitch was on off state shown in Figure 1, the luminous energy that root penetrates one of from optical fiber 26,28 was almost entirely reflexed in another root.Same, have plane reflection face 72 facing to the catoptron 70 of collimating apparatus 30.Catoptron 70 is fixed in a position through overregulating, so when photoswitch was on off state shown in Figure 1, the luminous energy that root penetrates one of from optical fiber 36,38 was almost entirely reflexed in another root.
If only introduce photoswitches 10 by optical fiber 26, then from the diverging light of optical fiber 26 end face outgoing after lenticule 24 focuses on, when leaving collimating apparatus 20, become almost parallel collimated light.The center line of this light beam is represented by track 42 in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.This light path is reversible, if the light beam of a collimation is along being mapped on the lenticule 24 along track 42 in the other direction, this bundle light will outwards be propagated by optical fiber 26.Track 44 expressions are corresponding to the center line of the collimated light beam of optical fiber 28.The point of crossing 46 that track 42,44 intersects is positioned at the surface of catoptron 50.In photoswitch, mirror 50 reflects and turns back along track 44 if light beam along track 42 incidents, then is reflected, and light also can be propagated along track 44,42 inversely.Beam center line corresponding to the optical fiber in the collimating apparatus 30 36,38 is represented by track 62,64 respectively.This two intersection of locus is in the point of crossing 66 on catoptron 70 surfaces.In photoswitch, along the light beam of track 62 incidents, mirror 70 reflection and turning back of being reflected along track 64, or reversible and go.
Fig. 2 represents second on off state of photoswitch 10.A mobile parallelogram prism 80 places the space of being enclosed by collimating apparatus 20,30 and catoptron 50,70.Shown in Figure 2 as plane of structure, prism 80 be shaped as 45 ° of parallelogram.Prism 80 has two parallel reflecting surfaces 84,86, and they are 45 ° with the angle of other two parallel transmission planes 82,88, and simultaneously, also the longitudinal axis with collimating apparatus 20,30 intersects with 45 ° substantially.The transmission plane 82,88 of prism is parallel to each other, is positioned at the both sides of prism 80.Prism 80 is fixed in the switching device shifter of a machinery, and the function of this device is that prism 80 is moved into or shifts out by collimating apparatus 20,30 and catoptron 50,70 is the zone on boundary.Device with handover mechanism can be an electromagnetic device, as electromagnetic relay.
In photoswitch state shown in Figure 2, after being cut mutually by prism 80 from the light beam of collimating apparatus 20,30 outgoing, no longer be mapped on the catoptron 50,70.Enter prism 80 along track 42 by transmission plane 82 from the light beam of optical fiber 26 outgoing, be reflected after face 84 reflections, in prism 80, propagate along X direction basically, up to the face of being reflected 84 reflections.So, extend substantially transversely to the central shaft of collimating apparatus 20,30 in the direction of the light beam of 84,86 propagation of two reflectings surface of prism.By the light beam of transmission plane 88, enter collimating apparatus 30 along track 62 from prism 80 outgoing.Light beam is focused on by lenticule 34 then and enters optical fiber 36.In photoswitch state as shown in Figure 2, the light that prism 80 has been set up between the optical fiber 26,36 connects.And will propagate into optical fiber 26 inversely by above-mentioned approach by the light beam of optical fiber 36 outgoing.
Identical, enter prism 80 along track 44 by transmission plane 82 from the light beam of optical fiber 28 outgoing, after face 84 reflections that are reflected, on 80 li on prism along the cardinal principle horizontal transmission, up to the face of being reflected 86 reflections.Light beam passes through transmission plane 88 then from prism 80 outgoing, enters collimating apparatus 30 along track 64.Light beam enters optical fiber 38 after being focused on by lenticule 34.Corresponding to two light beams of optical fiber 26,28, it would be desirable that the central point 90 at prism 80 intersects.Central point 90 is centers of prism 80.Angle between angle between the track 42,44 and the track 62,64 is equal to.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are two equivalent index paths of photoswitch, correspond respectively to two on off states of photoswitch prototype of the present utility model among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.In the represented photoswitch state of Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, optical fiber 26 and optical fiber 28, and optical fiber 36 and optical fiber 38 realize that respectively light connects.And in the represented photoswitch state of Fig. 2 and Fig. 4, optical fiber 26 and optical fiber 36, and optical fiber 28 and optical fiber 38 realize that respectively light connects.
The transmission plane 82,88 of desirable prism 80 is coated with antireflection (AR) film.Reflecting surface 84,86 preferably has the optical flat of high cleanliness and high flat degree.The material selection of prism then mainly is the refractive index n according to it.Injecting the condition that satisfies total reflection with the interface of air with incident angle θ in the optical material is:
sinθ1/n [1]
For optical material BK7 commonly used, its refractive index is n=1.5, and can draw the minimum incident angle that satisfies total reflection by equation [1] is 41.8 °, is applicable to 45 ° parallelogram prism fully.Also have many other luminescent material to may be used to prism 80.
Fig. 5 is the dimension definitions and the sign of photoswitch 10.Distance between the end face of optical collimator 20 and the catoptron 50 is Dc, and it is equal to the distance between optical collimator end face and the point of crossing 90.Distance between the preceding transmission plane of the end face of optical collimator 20 and prism 80 indicates with S.The length of prism 80 and width are represented with L and W respectively.Width W is the yardstick of prism on the y direction of optical collimator 20,30, and length L is the yardstick on the longitudinal axis vertical direction of prism and optical collimator 20,30.The selection of the ideal value of L and W can be decided according to following formula:
S+(L/2+W/2)/n＝Dc [2]
In a prototype of the present utility model, prism 80 is made by BK7 material (n=1.5), is of a size of L=5.5mm, W=2mm.The intersection Dc=3mm of collimating apparatus 20,30.Draw the S=0.5mm that is spaced apart of optical collimator and prism by equation [2].
If the light path point of crossing 90 of collimating apparatus 20,30 is positioned at the center of prism 80, then the end face of collimating apparatus to the distance of light path point of crossing 90 should be greatly about several millimeters scopes that arrive centimetre.In a prototype of the present utility model, double-fiber collimator has adopted C-Lens as lenticule, and its end face is approximately 3 millimeters to the distance of point of crossing.In contrast be that with the double-fiber collimator that GRIN GRIN Lens commonly used is made, its end face is much smaller to the distance of point of crossing.If photoswitch is with such collimating apparatus, the size of prism will be very little, to such an extent as to be difficult to realize.
In a prototype of photoswitch 10, at first select a pair of double- fiber collimator 20,30, their intersection or intersecting angle are equal to substantially.Then, prism 80 is placed configuration shown in Figure 2.Regulate collimating apparatus 20,30, make light path have minimum insertion loss, then they are fixed on the substrate of photoswitch, can use methods such as welding by prism 80.Then, prism 80 is removed from photoswitch position shown in Figure 2, respectively accommodation reflex mirror 50,70 is with respect to the position of collimating apparatus 20,30, makes the insertion loss minimum of the light propagated between two optical fiber in each collimating apparatus.In another prototype, used slightly different regulating step.At first harmonized in the position of collimating apparatus 20 and catoptron 50, make the insertion loss minimum of the light path between two optical fiber of collimating apparatus 20, and with its stationkeeping.Regulate prism 80 and collimating apparatus 30 then, make the light path that is coupled between two collimating apparatuss have minimum insertion loss, and fix their position.Last accommodation reflex mirror 70 is with respect to the position of collimating apparatus 30, makes that the light path between two optical fiber has minimum insertion loss in the collimating apparatus 30, and the position of stationary mirror 70.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 illustrate another prototype of the present utility model respectively, 1 * 2 photoswitch 110, first and second on off states.Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are two equivalent index paths of photoswitch, correspond respectively to two on off states of photoswitch among Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.Photoswitch 110 is that with the difference of the photoswitch that Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 represent single fiber collimating apparatus 91 of photoswitch 110 usefulness has replaced double-fiber collimator 30.Photoswitch 110 does not contain the catoptron that regards to collimating apparatus 91 in addition.In the state of prism 80 outside light path, similar to aforesaid situation, be directed to optical fiber 28 by the light of optical fiber 26 outgoing through catoptron 50.When prism 80 inserted light path, the light from optical fiber 26 penetrates along track shown in Figure 7 92, through prism 80, was directed to optical fiber 96.
Figure 10 and Figure 11 illustrate another prototype of the present utility model respectively, and road (add-drop) photoswitch 210 up and down, first and second on off states.Figure 12 and Figure 13 are two equivalent index paths of photoswitch, correspond respectively to two on off states of photoswitch among Figure 10 and Figure 11.The difference of 2 * 2 photoswitches represented of road photoswitch 210 and Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is that photoswitch 210 does not contain the catoptron that regards to double-fiber collimator 30 up and down, thereby optical fiber 36,38 does not have mutual light to connect in any state. Optical fiber 36,38 can be respectively applied for the port of (add) He Xialu (drop) that sets out on a journey.
Figure 14 and Figure 15 illustrate another prototype of the present utility model respectively, monolateral 2 * 2 photoswitches 310 that go out optical fiber, first and second on off states.Photoswitch 310 comprises two double-fiber collimators 20,120 that cardinal principle is parallel, and they put side by side mutually, towards same direction.Collimating apparatus 120 has two optical fiber 226,228, and their fiber direction is identical with optical fiber 26,28.Except catoptron 50, also have plane mirror 150, its reflecting surface 152 is in the face of collimating apparatus 120.Catoptron 150 is in same plane substantially with catoptron 50.Among Figure 15, a mobile symmetrical prismatoid prism (Dove Prism) 280 is positioned between collimating apparatus 10,120 and the catoptron 50,150, and its preceding transmission plane is to for collimating apparatus 20,120.From the xsect of Figure 15, can see that prism 280 has 45 ° of shapes that symmetry is trapezoidal, its bottom surface is two collimating apparatuss 20,120 vis-a-vis.In Figure 14, prism 280 has been moved out of the light path of photoswitch 310, and among Figure 15, prism 280 is in the light path between the collimating apparatus 20,120.Just as Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 and Figure 10 and Figure 11 modification to 2 * 2 photoswitches, similar Figure 14 and the monolateral Dove prism structure that goes out the photoswitch of optical fiber shown in Figure 15 also can be used for 1 * 2 or road (add-drop) photoswitch up and down.
The Dove prism structure of Figure 14 and this monolateral fiber shown in Figure 15, compared with the parallelogram prism structure of both sides fiber, the easier prism that is subjected to is around the moving influence of y-axle perturbation.In order to reduce this disturbance, Dove prism 280 can be installed in one can limit the device that prism rotates around the y-axle.For example, the parallelogram prism can be fixed on the rocking arm, and the other end of rocking arm is installed in not to be had on the bearing that rocks.
The optical switch construction of foregoing preferred version and photoswitch method provide high-quality output beam, even when photoswitch stands the change of temperature and vibrates, also have suitable stability.This is because the output beam of above-mentioned parallelogram prism aspect the translation drift and direction variation of light beam, is subjected to the position of prism itself relative very little with directed influence.For a desirable parallelogram prism, no matter whether prism has translation or around the rotation of its center, its output beam and input beam, keeping parallelism forever.And the translation of the output beam that the angle disturbance of prism causes variation is also less relatively.Especially important of the angle stability of prism output beam, because receive and light path when being offset collimation a little when the collimated device of light beam, beam directionality's skew and cause the increase of inserting loss is much higher than the influence that the parallel beam skew causes.In photoswitch prototype hardware illustrated in figures 1 and 2, the switch repeatability of output light intensity has reached 0.02dB.
Owing to used double-fiber collimator, photoswitch to have relative compact and stable structure.Two catoptrons in the face of collimating apparatus provide the degree of freedom of enough adjusting light path, each light path can almost progressively be regulated independently, to reach minimum insertion loss.In system illustrated in figures 1 and 2, all paths are lower than the insertion loss of 0.4dB, can reach with comparalive ease.In the prototype of the best, the dirigibility that light path is regulated makes the size of prism have quite loose tolerance, then can reduce the manufacturing cost of prism, and do not influence the quality of photoswitch.
Clearly, many other forms that above prototype can have are all in category of the present utility model for an expert who is familiar with this area.
Claims (17)
1, a kind of small optical switch, by one first optical fiber collimator, one second optical fiber collimator, one first plane mirror and a movable switch prism constitute, described first optical fiber collimator is made of one first double-fiber collimator, be provided with one first input optical fibre and one first output optical fibre in described first double-fiber collimator, at least be provided with one second output optical fibre in described second optical fiber collimator, the relative position of described first double-fiber collimator and second optical fiber collimator is fixed, it is characterized in that: described movable switch prism has one first stop place and one second stop place, described first stop place is positioned among the light path of described first input optical fibre and second output optical fibre, described second stop place is positioned at outside the emitting light path of described first input optical fibre, the reflecting surface of described first plane mirror is towards described first double-fiber collimator, the relative position of described first plane mirror and described first double-fiber collimator is fixed, and the reflecting surface of described first plane mirror is positioned among the input path of the emitting light path of described first input optical fibre and described first output optical fibre.
2, small optical switch as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described second optical fiber collimator is made of one second double-fiber collimator, be provided with one second output optical fibre and one second input optical fibre in described second double-fiber collimator, described movable switch prism has one first stop place and one second stop place, described first stop place is positioned among the light path of described first input optical fibre and second output optical fibre, described second stop place is positioned at outside the emitting light path of described first input optical fibre and second output optical fibre, port one side at described second double-fiber collimator is provided with one second plane mirror, the reflecting surface of described second plane mirror is towards described second double-fiber collimator, the relative position of described second plane mirror and described second double-fiber collimator is fixed, and the reflecting surface of described second plane mirror is positioned among the input path of the emitting light path of described second input optical fibre and described second output optical fibre.
3, small optical switch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described first double-fiber collimator and second optical fiber collimator be arranged in parallel, and direction is opposite, and the shape of described movable switch prism is parallel four limit bodies.
4, small optical switch as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described movable switch prism is a parallelepipedon, the both ends of the surface of described movable switch prism are provided with reflecting surface, and the side of described movable switch prism is provided with two transmission planes that are parallel to each other.
5, small optical switch as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described reflecting surface and adjacent described transmission plane are miter angle.
6, small optical switch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described first double-fiber collimator and second optical fiber collimator be arranged in parallel, and direction is identical, and the shape of described movable switch prism is symmetrical prismatoid.
7, small optical switch as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: described movable switch prism is symmetrical trapezoidal hexahedron, it is trapezoidal that the cross section of described movable switch prism is symmetry, four sides of described movable switch prism are parallel to each other, two end faces of described movable switch prism are provided with reflecting surface, the side of described movable switch prism is provided with two transmission planes that are parallel to each other, and described end face and adjacent end face are miter angle.
8, small optical switch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with spacing between the end face of described first plane mirror and described first double-fiber collimator.
9, small optical switch as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: described spacing meets following relational expression: S+ (L/2+W/2)/n=Dc, described S represents the distance of a transmission plane of the end face of described first double-fiber collimator and described movable switch prism, described W represents the width of described movable switch prism on the direction parallel with the vertical central axis of described first double-fiber collimator, described L represents the length of described movable switch prism on the direction vertical with the vertical central axis of described first double-fiber collimator, and described n represents the material refractive index of described movable switch prism.
10, small optical switch as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described first input optical fibre and described first output optical fibre are set in parallel in described first double-fiber collimator, and described second input optical fibre and described second output optical fibre are set in parallel in described second double-fiber collimator.
11, small optical switch as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described first double-fiber collimator and second double-fiber collimator be arranged in parallel, and direction is opposite, and the shape of described movable switch prism is parallel four limit bodies.
12, small optical switch as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that: described movable switch prism is a parallelepipedon, the both ends of the surface of described movable switch prism are provided with reflecting surface, and the side of described movable switch prism is provided with two transmission planes that are parallel to each other.
13, small optical switch as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that: described reflecting surface and adjacent described transmission plane are miter angle.
14, small optical switch as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described first double-fiber collimator and second double-fiber collimator be arranged in parallel, and direction is identical, and the shape of described movable switch prism is symmetrical prismatoid.
15, small optical switch as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that: described movable switch prism is symmetrical trapezoidal hexahedron, it is trapezoidal that the cross section of described movable switch prism is symmetry, four sides of described movable switch prism are parallel to each other, two end faces of described movable switch prism are provided with reflecting surface, the side of described movable switch prism is provided with two transmission planes that are parallel to each other, and described end face and adjacent end face are miter angle.
16, small optical switch as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: be provided with spacing between the end face of described first plane mirror and described first double-fiber collimator.
17, small optical switch as claimed in claim 16, it is characterized in that: described spacing meets following relational expression: S+ (L/2+W/2)/n=Dc, described S represents the distance of a transmission plane of the end face of described first double-fiber collimator and described movable switch prism, described W represents the width of described movable switch prism on the direction parallel with the vertical central axis of described first double-fiber collimator, described L represents the length of described movable switch prism on the direction vertical with the vertical central axis of described first double-fiber collimator, and described n represents the material refractive index of described movable switch prism.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420023179 CN2718602Y (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2004-05-28 | Small optical switch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420023179 CN2718602Y (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2004-05-28 | Small optical switch |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2718602Y true CN2718602Y (en) | 2005-08-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420023179 Expired - Fee Related CN2718602Y (en) | 2004-05-28 | 2004-05-28 | Small optical switch |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101900920B (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2012-10-10 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Optical switch and communication system of optical signal |
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2004
- 2004-05-28 CN CN 200420023179 patent/CN2718602Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101900920B (en) * | 2009-05-25 | 2012-10-10 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Optical switch and communication system of optical signal |
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