CN2638760Y - 用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器 - Google Patents

用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器 Download PDF

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CN2638760Y
CN2638760Y CNU03207090XU CN03207090U CN2638760Y CN 2638760 Y CN2638760 Y CN 2638760Y CN U03207090X U CNU03207090X U CN U03207090XU CN 03207090 U CN03207090 U CN 03207090U CN 2638760 Y CN2638760 Y CN 2638760Y
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dilator
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邹德威
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
    • A61B17/885—Tools for expanding or compacting bones or discs or cavities therein
    • A61B17/8852—Tools for expanding or compacting bones or discs or cavities therein capable of being assembled or enlarged, or changing shape, inside the bone or disc
    • A61B17/8858—Tools for expanding or compacting bones or discs or cavities therein capable of being assembled or enlarged, or changing shape, inside the bone or disc laterally or radially expansible
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1662—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body
    • A61B17/1671—Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body for the spine

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Abstract

一种用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器，其特征在于，其由一空心外管及穿置于该空心外管内的内杆所组成，该内杆的端部与空心外管的端部固定，并于该外管在两管固定一端的位置设置有弹性扩张段。本实用新型可大幅降低成本，简化手术程序，能够保证极高的安全性。

Description

用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器
技术领域
本实用新型涉及医疗器具，特别是涉及一种用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器。
背景技术
由骨质疏松症而引发的脊柱压缩骨折，在治疗上难度很大。目前，采用球囊装置扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗脊柱压缩骨折已获得满意的早期疗效，这种成形术中需要采用一种特制球囊装置来完成。在成形手术中，通过“C”型臂X线机引导下经皮穿刺经椎弓进入伤椎，在导针引导下将空心钻钻入伤椎，建立工作通道，然后经工作通道送入特制耐高压球囊，在“C”型臂X线机观察下，用带有压力测定及控制装置的高压注射器向球囊内注入造影剂，使球囊扩张，恢复伤椎高度并纠正后凸畸形，将球囊抽成真空后退出，留下球囊扩张后产生的空腔，最后向该空腔内低压注入骨水泥以使其在空腔内形成一个铸件即完成手术。球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术能明显减少骨水泥渗漏率，降低并发症，安全、有效且简便。
但这种特制球囊需要在手术中承受很大的压力，所以该球囊必须采用特制的材料经特殊的制作工艺制成，成本较高。同时，由于球囊材料在X线下不具有清楚的影像以及其扩张原理，使得该球囊还需要配备带有压力测定器的高压注射器以注入造影剂，以使球囊扩张及造影清晰，同时还需配有抽液装置以将造影剂抽出并使球囊达到真空状态，这些部件的配置将必然使球囊装置的制作成本相当高。
另一方面，由于该球囊是通过注入造影剂进行扩张的，并且因为该球囊的软性特征，使得其扩张所形成的空腔形状不能被精确的控制，会因注入造影剂的多小、压力大小及速度而使其形成的腔室形状是随机的，不够准确与稳定。在成形术中需要医师非常多的在X线机的引导下人为的观察球囊扩张、复位及注入骨水泥的情况，操作过程繁杂，由于空腔的体积不能被准确的掌握，因此，注入的骨水泥量多小则基本上要靠医师的手术经验，并在X线引导才能较好的把握，手术难度较高。
最后一方面，这种球囊终究是一种软性材料，其不但要承受较大的扩张压力，还要接触伤椎的刺状骨质，比较容易破损，一旦球囊破裂，其内的造影剂外泄于伤椎内，将导致手术失败，并严重威胁患者的健康甚至生命安全，安全性不能得到完全的保证。
发明内容
本实用新型的目的是提供一种用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器，其可大幅降低成本，简化手术程序，能够保证极高的安全性。
本实用新型的另一目的是提供一种用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器，其可以准确的反映出空腔形成的体积，便于握把注入骨质填充物的注入量。
本实用新型的技术方案如下：一种用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器，其特征在于，其由一空心外管及穿置于该空心外管内的内杆所组成，该内杆的端部与空心外管的端部固定，并于该外管在两管固定一端的位置设置有弹性扩张段。
所述内杆在未固定端突伸于空心外管一定长度形成握持端。
所述外管在未固定端设置有扩大的握持部。
所述弹性扩张段由开设于管壁上的数片开口条构成。
所述开口条呈与外管轴向平行开设的直条状；或者，所述开口条呈与外管轴向呈一定角度的斜条状；或者，所述开口条呈基本沿外管轴向的弧形条或曲线形条。
所述外管与内杆的未固定端呈滑动配合或螺纹配合或凸凹结构配合。
所述内杆的未固定端设置有反映弹性扩张段体积的刻度线。
所述内杆及空心外管于未固定端设置有轴向定位结构。
由于本实用新型在使用过程中，可以在未固定端抽出内杆或推出外管而使内杆及空心外管产生相对轴向位置移动，从而可使外管的弹性扩张段外扩形成空腔，因为本实用新型仅采用了两个于一端固定的套接管件并在外管上开设开口条，因此，制作成本将大幅缩减；且只需将本实用新型从导管内***，拉动内杆就可以使弹性扩张段外扩形成空腔，减少了现有球囊还需要配备的带有压力测定器的高压注射器及抽液结构，大大降低了成本，且因不需要注入造影剂，能够简化手术程序，由于本实用新型的弹性扩张段本身就是一种开口条，只要在弹性扩张段外扩的过程当中，适当转动本扩张器，就够形成满意的空腔，安全性极高。
另外，由于本实用新型于未固定端设置有刻度，这样在手术中可以直观的掌握弹性扩张段向外扩张所形成的空腔体积，便于医师掌握骨质填充物的注入量，能够在一定程度上降低手术难度。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型未使用状态的主视图。
图2为本实用新型未使用状态的立体图。
图3为本实用新型使用状态的主视图。
图4为本实用新型使用状态的立体图。
图5为本实用新型***伤椎的操作过程示意图。
图6为本实用新型于伤椎内扩张形成空腔的操作过程示意图。
图7为本实用新型开口条呈斜条状的实施例主视图。
图8为本实用新型开口条呈弧形条的实施例主视图。
图9为本实用新型开口条呈曲线形条的实施例主视图。
具体实施方式
参见图1、2，本实用新型提供的用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器，由一空心外管1及穿置于该空心外管1内的内杆2所组成，该内杆2的端部21与空心外管1的端部11固定，并于该外管1在两管固定端的位置设置有弹性扩张段12。该弹性扩张段12由数片开口条3构成，该开口条3呈与外管1轴向平行开设的直条状。内杆2在未固定端突伸于空心外管1一定长度形成握持端22。外管1在未固定端设置成扩大的握持部13。
在使用时，参见图3、4，可以在未固定端抽出内杆2或推出外管1而使二者产生相对轴向位置移动，从而可使外管1的弹性扩张段12外扩形成空腔。由于本实用新型仅由两个于一端固定的套接管件并在外管1上开设开口条3所构成，制作成本大幅缩减；参见图5、6，使用时，只需将本实用新型于导管内***，拉动内杆2就可以使弹性扩张段12外扩形成空腔，简化了手术程序及操作难度。由于弹性扩张段12本身就是由数个开口条3所构成，只要在弹性扩张段12外扩的过程当中，适当转动本扩张器，就够形成满意的空腔，安全性极高。
参见图7，所述开口条3还可呈与外管1轴向呈一定角度的斜条状。参见图8、9，所述开口条3还可以呈基本沿外管1轴向延伸的弧形条或曲线形条，同样能够达到扩张成空腔的效果，并且该呈弧形条或曲线形条的开口条3还可以更好的保证空腔壁面的平整状态。
所述外管1与内杆2的未固定端呈自由的滑动配合，外管1与内杆2配合的未固定端最好采用间隙配合，外管1的内孔尽量与内杆2外壁能够有一定长度的接触面，以使内杆2具有较好的导向性。
作为本实用新型的进一步改进，参见图9，于内杆2的未固定端表面设置有反映弹性扩张段12外扩体积的刻度线23，当然，刻度线23也可以设置在外管1的握持部13端面或外周面。此种结构当中，外管1与内杆2的未固定端最好要采用螺纹配合，这样不但可以更直观的掌握空腔体积，便于把握骨水泥的注入量，并通过旋动握持端22或握持部13还能够从微调的精确度上控制空腔体积，也由于开口条3具有一定的刚性，使得空腔的形状基本上是固定的，如果改变开口条3的开口长短、弹性分布状态，就能够人为地控制空腔形状和体积，因此，也便于医师掌握骨质填充物的注入量，能够在一定程度上降低手术难度。
当然，本实用新型外管1与内杆2还可以采用凸凹结构配合，于外管1上设置径向的凹槽，而内杆2上设置凸环，既可以使二者产生相对轴向位移，也可以起到较好的轴向定位效果。显然，该凹槽与凸环的位置可以互换。
另外，本实用新型的内杆2及空心外管1于未固定端还可以设置轴向定位结构，用以在空腔形成为满意状态下，使内杆2及外管1之间不产生轴向相对位移。此为习知的技术，不再提供附图与讲述，最简单的结构是于内杆2上套置有弹性锁片，其它习知技术中能够达到轴向定位的结构都可以采用。
对于内杆2与外管1的固定端部的固定形式，例如，可以使内杆2的端部21与空心外管1的端部11相螺接或焊接或内杆2与外管1一体成型，总之，只要能由内杆2连动外管1的端部11的固定结构都可以采用，不再详细举例。本实用新型外管1与内杆2可采用高分子材料或金属等多种材料质成，在手术中能够产生清晰的造影，可广泛应用于多种需要形成空腔的医学领域内。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器，其特征在于，其由一空心外管及穿置于该空心外管内的内杆所组成，该内杆的端部与空心外管的端部固定，并于该外管在两管固定一端的位置设置有弹性扩张段。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器，其特征在于，所述内杆在未固定端突伸于空心外管一定长度形成握持端。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器，其特征在于，所述外管在未固定端设置有扩大的握持部。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器，其特征在于，所述弹性扩张段由设置在管壁上的数片开口条构成。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器，其特征在于，所述开口条呈与外管轴向平行开设的直条状；或者，所述开口条呈与外管轴向呈一定角度的斜条状；或者，所述开口条呈基本沿外管轴向的弧形条或曲线形条。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器，其特征在于，所述外管与内杆的未固定端呈滑动配合或螺纹配合或凸凹结构配合。
7.根据权利要求1所述的用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器，其特征在于，所述内杆的未固定端设置有反映弹性扩张段体积的刻度线。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器，其特征在于，所述内杆及空心外管于未固定端设置有轴向定位结构。
CNU03207090XU 2003-08-04 2003-08-04 用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器 Expired - Lifetime CN2638760Y (zh)

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CNU03207090XU CN2638760Y (zh) 2003-08-04 2003-08-04 用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器
AU2003264318A AU2003264318A1 (en) 2003-08-04 2003-09-12 A dilator for forming a cavity within the vertebral body
PCT/CN2003/000771 WO2005011507A1 (fr) 2003-08-04 2003-09-12 Dilatateur permettant de former une cavite dans le corps vertebral
CNB038267462A CN100361634C (zh) 2003-08-04 2003-09-12 用于在椎体中形成空腔的扩张器

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CN100389728C (zh) * 2006-07-11 2008-05-28 张祖仁 椎体成形的扩张器
CN103690228A (zh) * 2013-12-12 2014-04-02 宁波华科润生物科技有限公司 椎体扩张球囊***
CN113041442A (zh) * 2021-02-04 2021-06-29 湛江健力源医疗用品有限公司 一种套管式多功能防刺留置针

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