CN2457786Y

CN2457786Y - Chopper

Info

Publication number: CN2457786Y
Application number: CN 00240421
Authority: CN
Inventors: 范汉强
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Fan Hanqiang
Priority date: 2000-12-11
Filing date: 2000-12-11
Publication date: 2001-10-31
Anticipated expiration: 2010-12-11

Abstract

The utility model discloses a chopper which comprises an input amplifying circuit, a pulse regulate and control circuit, a traveling drive circuit, a brake drive circuit, a drive interlocking circuit and a switching device. The pulse regulate and control circuit is composed of a pulse width modulation (PWM) module, and the switching device is composed of insulated-gate bipolar transistors. Signals of input voltage are respectively accessed to the input amplifying circuit and the drive interlocking circuit, and the input voltage which is amplified can trigger the pulse regulate and control circuit to generate pulse width modulation voltage. The drive interlocking circuit can select the pulse width modulation voltage according to the positive and the negative input voltage, and the pulse width modulation voltage can be correspondingly output to the brake drive circuit or the traveling drive circuit, so the corresponding insulated-gate bipolar transistors can be driven to be switched on to output the pulse width modulation voltage.

Description

Chopper

The utility model relates to a kind of chopper that is used for trolley bus, electric automobile and the speed governing of electric power index machine motor-car.

The chopper that uses on the existing power motor vehicle adopts controllable silicon (SCR) as switch element mostly, mainly form by two major and minor controllable silicons, chopper is by current trigger circuit for regulating and controlling output regulation and control pulse, mode with the pulse phase shift is regulated and control major and minor controllable silicon, this control methods cause the controllable silicon can not normal turn-off easily, add the performance of controllable silicon itself, its trigger region 10% is non-adjustable district, electric car is easy to cause prominent dashing when starting, electric car occurs out of control in the process of moving easily and causes traffic accident; The shutoff of silicon controlled main rectifier is by secondary silicon controlled conducting in addition, " LC " resonance produces high pressure, and the voltage of generation is higher than the cathode potential of silicon controlled main rectifier, thereby silicon controlled main rectifier is turn-offed by force, this closing firmly is easy to damage filter capacitor, makes the capable electric car can not cruising.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of chopper that the electric car safety and steady is travelled.

For achieving the above object, the utility model comprises input amplifying circuit, the pulse circuit for regulating and controlling, the driving drive circuit, the brake drive circuit, drive interlock circuit and switching device, described pulse circuit for regulating and controlling is made up of pulse-width modulation (PWM) module, described switching device is insulated gate bipolar triode (IGBT), input voltage signal inserts input amplifying circuit respectively and drives interlock circuit, input voltage trigger impulse circuit for regulating and controlling after amplifying produces pwm voltage, just drive interlock circuit according to input voltage, negative, select corresponding brake drive circuit or the driving drive circuit of outputing to of pwm voltage, the driving drive circuit drives the conducting of insulated gate bipolar triode V1, the modulation voltage of output driving; The brake drive circuit drives the conducting of insulated gate bipolar triode V2, the modulation voltage of output brake.

Driving interlock circuit described in the utility model comprises amplifier A1, triode Tr7, Tr8 and diode D1, D2, D3, input voltage inserts the normal phase input end of amplifier A1, the output one tunnel of amplifier A1 is connected to the base stage of triode Tr7 through diode D3, the collector electrode of triode Tr7 links to each other with diode D1: another road is connected to the base stage of triode Tr8, and the emitter of triode Tr8 links to each other with diode D2; During the positive voltage input, diode D3, triode Tr7 conducting, diode D1 ends, and selects the output of brake pwm voltage; During the negative voltage input, triode Tr8 conducting, diode D2 ends, and selects the output of driving pwm voltage.

Driving drive circuit described in the utility model is identical with the brake drive circuit; drive circuit is made up of optocoupler OP1 and triode Tr4, Tr5; pwm voltage outputs to optocoupler OP1 and recommends amplification through triode Tr4, Tr5 again; drive the conducting of insulated gate bipolar triode, in drive circuit, be provided with the short-circuit protection circuit of insulated gate bipolar triode.

As further improvement of the utility model, output at insulated gate bipolar triode V1, V2 is provided with ear electric current guarantor's circuit and shunt protective circuit suddenly, ear electric current guarantor circuit comprises Hall sensor H, amplifier A2, potentiometer P1 and triode Tr6 suddenly, Hall sensor H is connected in the load circuit of insulated gate bipolar triode, the output of transducer H links to each other with the normal phase input end of amplifier A2, the output one road of amplifier A2 inserts input amplifying circuit, the degenerative effect of ring in plaing; Another road is through potentiometer P1, and the current collection of pressurizer D and triode Tr6 inserts the pulse circuit for regulating and controlling, regulates pulsewidth.

The shunt protective circuit comprises shunt Id, comparison amplifier A3, current-limiting resistance R3, inductance L and potentiometer P2; shunt is connected in the load circuit of insulated gate bipolar triode; the output of shunt Id inserts the normal phase input end of comparator A3; setting up current potential with the potentiometer P2 that is connected on negative-phase input compares; comparator A3 output inserts optocoupler OP3; the output of optocoupler OP3 inserts the pulse circuit for regulating and controlling, the output width of control pwm voltage.

Form pulse circuit for regulating and controlling and insulated gate bipolar triode (IGBT) owing to adopted pulse-width modulation (PWM) module, produce pwm voltage by voltage triggered pulse circuit for regulating and controlling, width by pulsewidth comes the conducting of regulating switch device isolation grid dual-polar triodes (IGBT) and ends, such process all is soft conducting, soft shutoff, every performance of insulated gate bipolar triode all is better than controllable silicon in addition, therefore electric car can not cause prominent dashing when starting, also can switching device not appear in the process of moving not closing and out of control, whole chopper security performance improves greatly, guarantees travelling of electric car safety and steady.

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the functional-block diagram of the concrete embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the middle circuit diagram that drives interlock circuit embodiment illustrated in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of middle rolling car drive circuit embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 and brake drive circuit.

Fig. 4 be embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 in suddenly the ear electric current protect the circuit diagram of circuit.

Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of middle shunt protective circuit embodiment illustrated in fig. 1.

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model comprises input amplifying circuit 1, pulse circuit for regulating and controlling 2, driving drive circuit 3, brake drive circuit 4, drive interlock circuit 5 and switching device, pulse circuit for regulating and controlling 2 is made up of pulse-width modulation (PWM) module, switching device is two insulated gate bipolar triode V1, V2, input voltage signal inserts input amplifying circuit 1 respectively and drives interlocking electricity 5, input voltage trigger impulse circuit for regulating and controlling 2 after amplifying produces pwm voltage, just drive interlock circuit 5 according to input voltage, negative, select corresponding brake drive circuit 4 or the driving drive circuit 3 of outputing to of pwm voltage, driving drive circuit 3 drives the conducting of insulated gate bipolar triode V1, the modulation voltage of output driving carries out speed governing to direct current machine; Brake drive circuit 4 drives the conducting of insulated gate bipolar triode V2, the modulation voltage of output brake.

As shown in Figure 2, drive interlock circuit and comprise amplifier A1, triode Tr7, Tr8 and diode D1, D2, D3, input voltage inserts the normal phase input end of amplifier A1, the output one tunnel of amplifier A1 is connected to the base stage of triode Tr7 through diode D3, and the collector electrode of triode Tr7 links to each other with diode D1; Another road is connected to the base stage of triode Tr8, and the emitter of triode Tr8 links to each other with diode D2; The input voltage signal equivalence that driving, brake produce is a potentiometer P, this input voltage signal is divided into two the tunnel, one the road to input amplifying circuit 1, another road is to amplifier A1, when potentiometer P is positive potential, diode D3, triode Tr7 conducting, D1 ends, the pwm voltage output of controlling and driving brake; During negative potential, the Tr8 conducting, D2 ends, the pwm voltage output of controlling and driving driving; When equivalent potential device P was 0V, two triode Tr7, Tr8 ended simultaneously, and the controlling and driving driving and two pwm voltages that brake are all locked.

Driving drive circuit 3 of the present utility model is identical with brake drive circuit 4, drive circuit (as shown in Figure 3) is made up of optocoupler OP1 and triode Tr4, Tr5, pwm voltage output inserts triode Tr4, Tr5 through optocoupler OP1 and recommends amplification, drives the conducting of insulated gate bipolar triode.In drive circuit, be provided with the short-circuit protection circuit of insulated gate bipolar triode; another road of the output of optocoupler OP1 is inserted by triode Tr1; Tr2 constitutes in the phase inverter; when top in the rising edge of exporting pulse and pulse; triode Tr2 ends; positive 15V voltage is through resistance R 1; voltage stabilizing didoe D4; resistance R 2; diode D6 is to the collector electrode C of insulated gate bipolar triode; during normal condition; the collector electrode C of insulated gate bipolar triode; the saturation voltage drop that has only 2～3V between the emitter E; the resistance value of accurately regulating resistance R 2 makes+electric current of the 15V R1 that all flows through; D4; R2; the C of D6 and insulated gate bipolar triode; the E utmost point, and triode Tr3 is in cut-off state.

When short circuit appears in the insulated gate bipolar triode; saturation voltage drop between collector electrode C, the emitter E is up to 7V; at this moment; diode D6 ends; the voltage of+15V is by the base stage of resistance R 1, voltage-stabiliser tube D4, triode Tr3; make triode Tr3, optocoupler OP2 conducting; the collector electrode of OP2, emitter be short-circuit protection output insert pulse circuit for regulating and controlling 2; make and stop the output pulse width modulation voltage; the conducting of Tr3 also makes diode D5 conducting simultaneously, because the conducting of D5; making the base stage of triode Tr4, Tr5 is-15V that the insulated gate bipolar triode is cut off.

As further improvement of the utility model, output at each insulated gate bipolar triode is provided with ear electric current guarantor's circuit 6 (as shown in Figure 4) and shunt protective circuit 7 (as shown in Figure 5) suddenly, ear electric current guarantor circuit comprises Hall sensor H, amplifier A2, potentiometer P1 and triode Tr6 suddenly, Hall sensor H is connected in the load circuit of insulated gate bipolar triode, the output of transducer H links to each other with the normal phase input end of amplifier A2, and the output one road of amplifier A2 inserts input amplifying circuit; Another road is through potentiometer P1, and the collector electrode of pressurizer D and triode Tr6 inserts pulse circuit for regulating and controlling 2; Hall current sensor detects load current; exporting the linear voltage that is directly proportional with load current; amplify through amplifier A2; be divided into two-way output; one the tunnel is interior ring negative feedback; another road output; through potentiometer P1; voltage-stabiliser tube D inserts the base stage of triode Tr6, and the collector electrode of triode Tr6 inserts pulse circuit for regulating and controlling 2, regulator potentiometer P1; when making load current reach maximum limit; voltage-stabiliser tube D; triode Tr6 conducting, triode Tr6 collector potential descend, and triode Tr6 is not during conducting; collector voltage is a high potential; pulse circuit for regulating and controlling 2 can maximum pulse width be exported, and when collector potential hanged down, pulse circuit for regulating and controlling 2 was with the narrowest pulse output or do not have pulse output; making load current is constant current, and this is a first order current protection.

The shunt protective circuit comprises shunt Id; comparison amplifier A3; current-limiting resistance R3 and potentiometer P2; shunt is connected in the load circuit of insulated gate bipolar triode; the voltage drop that shunt Id produces; be proportional to load current; this voltage leads to the positive input terminal of comparison amplifier A3 through filter inductance L current-limiting resistance R3; comparator was triggered when regulator potentiometer P made the load current value of reaching capacity; make optocoupler OP3 conducting; the output of optocoupler OP3 inserts pulse circuit for regulating and controlling 2; before optocoupler OP3 conducting; the collector voltage of optocoupler OP3 is a high potential, and after the conducting, current collection is electronegative potential very; when current collection very during electronegative potential; pulse circuit for regulating and controlling 2 output burst pulses, making load current is constant current, this is a second level current protection.

Claims

1, a kind of chopper, comprise input amplifying circuit (1), pulse circuit for regulating and controlling (2), driving drive circuit (3), brake drive circuit (4) and switching device, it is characterized in that: also comprise driving interlock circuit (5), described pulse circuit for regulating and controlling is made up of pulse-width modulation (PWM) module, described switching device is two insulated gate bipolar triode (V1, V2), input voltage signal inserts input amplifying circuit (1) respectively and drives interlock circuit (5), the generation pwm voltage of the input voltage trigger impulse circuit for regulating and controlling (2) after amplifying, just drive interlock circuit (5) according to input voltage, the negative pwm voltage of selecting outputs to driving drive circuit (3) or brake drive circuit (4), driving drive circuit (3) drives the conducting of insulated gate bipolar triode (V1), the modulation voltage of output driving; Brake drive circuit (4) drives the conducting of insulated gate bipolar triode (V2), the modulation voltage of output brake.

2, chopper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described driving interlock circuit (5) comprises amplifier (A1), triode (Tr7, Tr8) and diode (D1, D2, D3), input voltage inserts the normal phase input end of amplifier (A1), the output one tunnel of amplifier (A1) is connected to the base stage of triode (Tr7) through diode (D3), and the collector electrode of triode (Tr7) links to each other with diode (D1); Another road is connected to the base stage of triode (Tr8), and the emitter of triode (Tr8) links to each other with diode (D2); During the positive voltage input, diode (D3), triode (Tr7) conducting, diode (D1) ends, and selects the output of brake pwm voltage; During the negative voltage input, triode (Tr8) conducting, diode (D2) ends, and selects the output of driving pwm voltage.

3, chopper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: driving drive circuit (3) is identical with brake drive circuit (4), drive circuit is made up of optocoupler (OP1) and triode (Tr4, Tr5), pwm voltage outputs to optocoupler (OP1) and recommends amplification through triode (Tr4, Tr5) again, insert the grid of insulated gate bipolar triode, drive the conducting of insulated gate bipolar triode; In drive circuit, be provided with the short-circuit protection circuit of insulated gate bipolar triode.

4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described choppers, it is characterized in that: the output at insulated gate bipolar triode (Vl, V2) is provided with ear electric current guarantor circuit (6) suddenly.This circuit comprises Hall sensor (H), amplifier (A2), potentiometer (P1) and triode (Tr6), Hall sensor (H) is connected in the load circuit of insulated gate bipolar triode, the output of transducer (H) links to each other with the normal phase input end of amplifier (A2), the output one tunnel of amplifier (A2) inserts input amplifying circuit (1), the degenerative effect of ring in plaing; Another road is connected with the base stage of triode (Tr6) through potentiometer (P1), pressurizer (D), and the collector electrode of triode (Tr6) inserts pulse circuit for regulating and controlling (2), the output width of control pwm voltage.

5; chopper according to claim 4; it is characterized in that: at insulated gate bipolar triode (V1; V2) output is provided with shunt protective circuit (7); this circuit comprises shunt (Id); comparison amplifier (A3); current-limiting resistance (R3) inductance (L) and potentiometer (P2); shunt (Id) is connected in the load circuit of insulated gate bipolar triode; the output of shunt (Id) is through current-limiting resistance (R3); inductance (L) inserts the normal phase input end of comparator (A3); after setting up current potential and compare with the potentiometer that is connected on negative-phase input (P2); output voltage inserts optocoupler (OP3); the output of optocoupler (OP3) inserts pulse circuit for regulating and controlling (2), the output width of control pwm voltage.