CN2448925Y - Expansion crack pressure type prestressed mud injection anchor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an expansion crack type pressure type prestressed mud injection anchor tool composed of a prestressed rod body (1), a hollow rod body (2), an inner pressure bearing plate (3), an anchor head (4), a protective cover (5), an expansion device (6), an exhaust pipe (7), an outer pressure bearing plate (8), a mud stopping plug (9), an upper stop block (10), a lower stop block (11), etc. Meanwhile, the expansion crack type pressure type prestressed mud injection anchoring tool also provides a determining method of the application parameter of the anchor tool. Compared with a traditional prestressed anchor cable, the utility model has simple structure, convenient installation and low price. Compared with the common sand slurry anchoring rod support, the utility model has large support rigidity, high support reverse force and strong deformability for controlling surrounding rocks. The quality of a supporting structure is enhanced and support cost can be markedly lowered.

Description

Expanded pressure-type prestressing force slip casting ground tackle

The utility model belongs to geotechnical engineering is carried out supporting or field of reinforcement, can be used for the supporting or the reinforcing of engineerings such as all kinds of tunnels, roadway, side slope, foundation ditch.

The extensive now ordinary mortar anchor pole that adopts, because hysteresis effect and passive carrying, the anchor pole actual loading is very little, the controlled deformation poor ability, if adopt prestressed anchor, situation will change; Present prestress anchorage cable complex structure costs an arm and a leg, be difficult to all kinds of engineerings particularly construction of tunnel extensively adopt.

The purpose of this utility model is to be the soft rock engineering that particularly the soft soil tunnel engineering provides a kind of simple structure, and is cheap, the expanded pressure-type prestressing force slip casting ground tackle that can carry in early days.

For solving above-mentioned task, the way that the utility model solves is: the bodies of rod different with several effects replace traditional single body of rod, and wherein at least one is the prestressing force body of rod (1), and interior bearing plate (3) is equipped with in this body of rod the inner, expanded anchor head (4); Exposed junction passes underlay pier (10), (11), and the body of rod (1) is mainly born the prestressed stretch-draw load, and the distortion load body of rod (2) that the double as Grouting Pipe is used also can be set, and these bodies of rod are made of high strength steel or fiberglass resin.

Expanded pressure-type prestressing force slip casting ground tackle also claims TZL series ground tackle, and wherein T shows inventor's surname, and ZL is the spalling two word Chinese phonetic alphabet first letters; It is by the prestressing force body of rod (1), hollow rod body (2), interior bearing plate (3); anchor head (4); protective cover (5), distending device (6), stack (7), outer bearing plate (8), stop grouting plug (9), on fill up pier (10), underlay pier (11), nut (12), bellows (20) are formed.

Anchor head (4) is made up of the bloated shell (13) and the wedge (14) that falls, and the shell external surface that expands is the face of cylinder, and the shell that expands is provided with and is no less than two elongated expansion joint (E.J.)s (15), in expansion joint (E.J.), be provided with to be no less than a tie point (16), and the shell external surface hollow out that expands, inner surface is the conical surface; To adopting the ground tackle of length of spring compressed formula distending device, the shell tail end inner hole wall that expands is provided with and is no less than two circular protrusions (40), the wall of falling wedge hollow out, and external surface still keeps the continuous conical surface; The outside of falling the wedge is provided with and is no less than two vertical projections (17), cooperates with bloated shell expansion joint (E.J.), and tail end is punctured into cylindrical, and screw thread (18) is established in part, the outside.

The pad pier is made up of two parts up and down, is cylindrical, and the bottom surface of underlay pier (11) is inclined-plane (21), and upper surface is truncated-spherical (22); Last pad pier (10) has and is no less than two holes (23), and the macropore that cooperates with stop grouting plug is established in the bottom, and last underlay pier is formed ball hinged support; Pad pier entity part hollow out, last underlay pier is with high strength plastics or cast iron moulding.

Available length of spring compressed formula of distending device (6) or pinwheel formula, length of spring compressed formula distending device discharges ring (31) by bloated shell, and torque spring (32), compression spring (33), Supporting ring (38), dowel (36), lead-in wire (37) are formed; Compression spring lower end places on the Supporting ring (38), and Supporting ring is with screw or be sleeved on the body of rod, and (33) upper end compresses the shell tail end that expands; It is cylindrical assembly that the shell that expands discharges ring (31), and its upper outside is provided with and is no less than two circular protrusions (40), cooperate with bloated shell tail end endoporus circular protrusion, and centre-drilling hole, screw thread is established in the part, with body of rod threaded engagement; Torque spring (32) respectively stretches out one up and down, preformed hole (34) that inserts the Supporting ring sleeve pipe wherein, and another is fixed on the columnar protrusions of (31); Dowel will expand shell release loop mapping in the tip hole (35) of shell tail end of expanding, and the lead-in wire of dowel tail end (37) extends to outside the boring; Except that bloated shell discharges ring and pin, be combined into one when remaining part dispatches from the factory, and make compressing spring (33) be in pressured state.

Pinwheel formula distending device is formed by gradually opening wheel (41), location shank (42), spring (43), shell (44), the distending device penetrates the body of rod, combine with the breach of the body of rod by the projection of gradually opening on the wheel endoporus (45), when gradually opening the wheel rotation, shank is extruded from distending device sidewall shell; Pinwheel formula distending device simple structure is suitable for short anchor pole, and length of spring compressed formula distending device can be used for the longer body of rod.

Stop grouting plug is cylindrical, and insert in the circular hole of going up pad pier soffit the upper part, and be connected as a single entity, and stop grouting plug top is provided with the circular hole (51) that is no less than two different-diameters and uses for insertions such as the body of rod, Grouting Pipe; The bottom of stop grouting plug is a big hole (52), to alleviate stop grouting plug weight.

Protective cover (5) is cylindrical and assembly elliposoidal; hollow is to hold nut (12); portion of endoporus end office (EO) establishes screw thread and cooperates with the end thread of falling the wedge (18), and the application parameter of expanded pressure-type prestressing force slip casting ground tackle is determined according to the following steps with the dimensionless method of characteristic curves:

(1) with typical project analogy method primary election preliminary bracing design parameters;

(2) set up dimensionless country rock characteristic curve ψ=f (λ), definition Be virtual load factor or be the counter-force coefficient;

Be relaxation factor;

When the wall country rock is in elasticity: ψ=1-λ;

When the wall country rock is in elastoplasticity: ψ=1-λ ^X0(0＜x ₀＜1) and ${\mathrm{\ψ}}_t=\frac{q_t}{{\mathrm{\σ}}_0},$ Q in the formula _tBe the slump load, $x_0=\frac{1n(1-{\mathrm{\ψ}}_f)}{1n{\mathrm{\λ}}_f};$

(3) set up dimensionless supporting characteristic curve ψ=S λ, definition $S=\frac{{\mathrm{ku}}_{\∞}^{\mathrm{\γ}}}{{\mathrm{\σ}}_0}$ Be supporting dimensionless rigidity, k is a support rigidity;

(4) on the dimensionless characteristic curve, determine their counter-force coefficient according to be provided with position, the precedence etc. of each ingredient of supporting;

1 is the country rock characteristic curve among Fig. 8, and 2 is the combination supporting characteristic curve, and 3 are bolt support characteristic curve, λ _fBe work plane relaxation factor, ψ _fBe the virtual load factor of work plane, ψ _mBe anchor pole counter-force coefficient, then bolt support counter-force σ _Wm=ψ _mσ ₀

(5) calculate grouting rock bolt working load P _W=σ _Wme _ae _c, e _a, e _cBe respectively the spacing of grouting rock bolt along both direction;

(6) determine prestressed anchor design tensile load P according to the anchor pole bearing capacity _R

(7) press following formula and adjust prestressed anchor distance between tie rods x _c, x _a $X_c={(1+\frac{P_R}{P_W})}^{\frac{1}{2}}{\left(\frac{n_e}{n_x}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}{e}_c$ $(\frac{x_a}{x_c}=n_x,\frac{e_a}{e_c}=n_e)$ When $n_e=n_x=1,x={(1+\frac{P_R}{P_W})}^{\frac{1}{2}}e$

To cut into the regional area of chorista with structural plane, should with the sliding force of standard ordinate, the slide displacement of standard is that abscissa is set up characteristic curve, in view of the above bolting and shotcreting with wire mesh is designed.

Said method also be not one with the complete supporting method for designing of New Austrian Tunneling Method, if select the condition maturity of initial data for use, should adopt the dimensionless characteristic curve to settle each ingredient parameter of direct composite design supporting at one go;

In view of used ground tackle is a TZL series, used method for designing is the method for characteristic curves, so this method also is the double T working system.

The utility model compared with prior art has following remarkable advantage:

(1) spherical hinged-support can adapt to different inclined-planes, aperture and variously advance the boring of anchor direction, thereby can simplify aperture levelling operation, and automatic adjusting lever body axis is parallel with drilling axis during stretch-draw, loss of prestress during minimizing stretch-draw;

(2) the utility model is compared with existing prestress anchorage cable, and is simple in structure, is convenient to installation, cheap;

(3) compare with existing ordinary mortar bolt support that to the utlity model has support rigidity big, the supporting reaction height, the deformability of control country rock is strong, can reduce the tunnel convergence displacement, improves the bearing capacity that supporting is pressed over the ground.

(4) press the bolt design parameters that characteristic curve designs, the anchor pole consumption will significantly reduce.

Below in conjunction with embodiment the utility model is described in further detail:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment one;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment two;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the utility model anchor head;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the upper and lower pad pier of the utility model;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the utility model length of spring compressed formula distending device;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the utility model pinwheel formula distending device;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the utility model stop grouting plug;

Fig. 8 is dimensionless country rock characteristic curve and supporting characteristic curve schematic diagram.

Embodiment one: the two bar prestressing force slip casting ground tackles of expanded pressure-type.

Fig. 1 is its structural representation, by one do not have the bonding body of rod 1, steel pipe 2, interior bearing plate 3, anchor head 4, protective cover 5, distending device 6, stack 7, outer bearing plate 8, stop grouting plug 9, on fill up pier 10, underlay pier 11, nut 12 and form; Anchor head is made up of the bloated shell 13 and the wedge 14 that falls, the shell external surface that expands is cylindrical and is provided with three elongated expansion joint (E.J.)s 15, be provided with tie point 16 at expansion joint (E.J.) middle part and tail end, the rectangle square that the shell external surface hollow out that expands becomes to be interrupted, the shell inner surface that expands is conical, and the shell tail end inner hole wall that expands is provided with discontinuous three sections whorl of bottleneck; The wall of falling wedge hollow out becomes radiation shape wheel shape, and two side external surfaces still are the continuous conical surface; The outside of falling the wedge is provided with three vertical projections 17 and cooperates with bloated shell expansion joint (E.J.), and screw thread 18 is established in the part on the cylinder that tail end shrinks, and combines with the internal thread of protective cover.

The pad pier is made up of two parts up and down, and the bottom surface of underlay pier 11 is an ellipsoid 21, and upper surface is a truncated-spherical 22; Last pad pier 10 central authorities establish the anchor pole body opening, and injected hole and exhaust duct aperture are established in both sides, and the macropore that cooperates with stop grouting plug is established in the bottom, connects stop grouting plug with screw; Pad pier entity part hollow out is made of high strength plastics.

Length of spring compressed formula distending device is close to the shell setting of expanding, and is made up of bloated shell release ring 31, torque spring 32, compressing spring 33, Supporting ring 38, dowel 36, lead-in wire 37; The shell that expands discharges the whorl of bottleneck interlock that ring is established 3 circular protrusions and bloated shell tail end, and Supporting ring is screwed on the body of rod.

Installation, slip casting, the stressing sequence of the two bar prestressing force slip casting ground tackles of expanded pressure-type are: boring, clear hole, order is combined to interior bearing plate, nut, distending device, anchor head, protective cover on the body of rod, hang up the shell that expands and discharge ring, tighten the torsion spring, plug dowel, with screw Supporting ring is fixed on the body of rod, discharges compressing spring, stack is inserted in the preformed hole of bearing plate 3; The body of rod that combines is sent into boring slowly together with stack, and after putting in place, pulling lead-in wire 37 is extracted dowel 36, and torsion spring is dialled changes the shell release ring 31 that expands, and makes it throw off the shell tail end whorl of bottleneck that expands, and stage clip 33 promotes bloated shell and opens; Insert hollow rod body 2, order is put on outer bearing plate, underlay pier, penetrates stop grouting plug and is gone up the pad pier, puts on nut, is undertaken just opening by displacement control, and the shell that expands is opened fully, installs and promptly comes to an end; Injection high-early (strength) cement slurry, reach design strength after, get final product stretch-draw; This embodiment is suitable for the above soft rock of two classes, and rock-bolt length surpasses tunnel or the slope retaining more than 4 meters.

Embodiment two: expanded pressure-type single pole prestressing force slip casting ground tackle

Fig. 2 is its structural representation, by a rolled thread muscle 1, temporarily with Grouting Pipe 2, interior bearing plate 3, anchor head 4, protective cover 5, distending device 6, stack 7, outer bearing plate 8, stop grouting plug 9, on fill up pier 10, underlay pier 11, nut 12, plastic film capicitor 20 and form; What it was different with embodiment one is that the distending device adopts pinwheel formula structure, and the wheel 41 gradually opened of distending device combines by tenon, groove 45 with the body of rod; Setting up plastic film capicitor in the body of rod outside, combines closely with interior bearing plate in its inner, and outer end and stop grouting plug are combined closely, and Grouting Pipe 2 is removed behind mud jacking.

The installation of embodiment two, slip casting, stressing sequence are: boring, clear hole, bearing plate, nut, distending device, anchor head, protective cover, stack, plastic film capicitor in the sequential combination; The body of rod that combines is sent into boring slowly, and with at the bottom of the protective cover hold-down apertures, anticlockwise again rotation anchor bar body drives and gradually opens wheel 41 rotations after putting in place, location shank 42 is stretched out be pressed into hole wall to stop the columella that expands to moving; Put on outer bearing plate, on fill up pier and nut and carry out just opening, the shell that expands is opened; Insert Grouting Pipe slip casting bellows outside from last pad pier preformed hole, extract Grouting Pipe after slurry is full, treat that the high-early (strength) cement slurry reaches the design strength post tensioning, reach predetermined tensile load after, from preformed hole to doing the slip casting second time around the body of rod, in order to the prestressing force long preservation; Second embodiment is suitable for very weak ground below two classes and short tunnel and the slope retaining of anchor pole.

Claims (8)

1. expanded pressure-type prestressing force slip casting ground tackle, belong to ground supporting or field of reinforcement, it comprises the body of rod (1), (2), interior bearing plate (3), anchor head (4), protective cover (5), distending device (6), stack (7), outer bearing plate (8), stop grouting plug (9), last underlay pier (10), (11), nut (12), bellows (20), it is characterized in that the body of rod (1) comprises a pole stock at least, screw thread is established at two ends, expanded anchor head (4) is equipped with in its inner, protective cover (5), distending device (6), interior bearing plate (3), the body of rod can also have a hollow tube (2), and the body of rod is made of high strength steel or fiberglass resin;

Anchor head (4) is made up of the expand tube (13) and the wedge (14) that falls, the shell external surface that expands is cylindrical, and the shell inner surface that expands is taper seat with the external surface of falling the wedge, and the shell that expands is provided with and is no less than two elongated expansion joint (E.J.)s (15), in expansion joint (E.J.), establish a tie point (16) at least, but fall wedge and the equal hollow out of bloated shell; Ball hinged support is formed in last underlay pier (10), (11), contact surface is truncated-spherical (22), on fill up to have on the pier (10) and be no less than two holes, the macropore that cooperates with stop grouting plug is established in the bottom, the bottom of underlay pier (11) is inclined-plane (21), and the entity part of last underlay pier can hollow out; Available length of spring compressed formula of distending device (6) or pinwheel formula, length of spring compressed formula distending device is made up of bloated shell release ring (31), torque spring (32), compression spring (33), Supporting ring (38), dowel (36), lead-in wire (37), pinwheel formula distending device is formed by gradually opening wheel (41), location shank (42), spring (43), shell (44), stop grouting plug (9) is cylindrical, top cooperates with the perforate of last pad pier, and fuse with last pad pier, stop grouting plug top is provided with and is no less than two circular holes, and the stop grouting plug bottom is a big hole;

The application parameter of expanded pressure-type prestressing force slip casting ground tackle combination supporting is definite by the following step with the dimensionless characteristic curve,

(1) determines the working load PW of prestressed anchor with the dimensionless characteristic curve;

(2) determine prestressed anchor design tensile load PR according to the anchor pole bearing capacity;

(3) press following formula and adjust prestressed anchor distance between tie rods x _c, x _a $x_c={(1+\frac{P_R}{P_W})}^{\frac{1}{2}}{\left(\frac{n_e}{n_x}\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}{e}_c$ $(\frac{x_a}{x_c}=n_x,\frac{e_a}{e_c}=n_e)$ When $n_e=n_x=1,x={(1+\frac{P_R}{P_W})}^{\frac{1}{2}}e$

To cut into the regional area of chorista with structural plane, should with the sliding force of standard ordinate, the slide displacement of standard is that abscissa is set up characteristic curve, determines prestressed anchor combination supporting application parameter in view of the above;

When the condition maturity of selecting initial data, should directly settle each ingredient parameter of design prestressed anchor combination supporting at one go with the dimensionless characteristic curve.

2. according to the described expanded pressure-type of claim 1 prestressing force slip casting ground tackle, it is characterized in that prestressed anchor working load P _WTo determine according to the following steps,

A) set up dimensionless country rock characteristic curve ψ=f (λ),

Be virtual load factor or counter-force coefficient, Be relaxation factor; B) set up dimensionless supporting characteristic curve ψ=S λ, $S=\frac{{\mathrm{ku}}_{\∞}^{\mathrm{\γ}}}{{\mathrm{\σ}}_0}$ Be supporting dimensionless rigidity, K is a support rigidity;

C) according to the position that is provided with of each ingredient of supporting, precedence etc. are determined their counter-force coefficient ψ on the dimensionless characteristic curve _i, then bolt support counter-force σ _Wm=ψ _mσ ₀, ψ _mBe bolt support counter-force coefficient;

D) calculate anchor pole working load P _W=σ _Wme _ae _c, e _a, e _cBe respectively the spacing of anchor pole along both direction.

3. according to the described expanded pressure-type of claim 1 prestressing force slip casting ground tackle, shell 13 external surfaces that it is characterized in that expanding are cylindrical, inner surface is conical, the shell that expands is provided with and is no less than two siphunculus expansion joint (E.J.)s (15), in expansion joint (E.J.), establish a tie point (16) at least, bloated shell tail end inboard also can be provided with and be no less than two circular protrusions (40), and expanding the shell external surface can hollow out.

4. according to the described expanded pressure-type of claim 1 prestressing force slip casting ground tackle, it is characterized in that down that wedge (14) is a cone, the middle porose portion's screw thread of setting a trap, the outside of falling the wedge can be provided with and be no less than two vertical projections (17), the wall of falling the wedge can hollow out, tail end is punctured into cylindrical, and screw thread (18) is established in part, the outside.

5. according to the described expanded pressure-type of claim 1 prestressing force slip casting ground tackle, it is characterized in that filling up pier and be made up of last pad pier (10), underlay pier (11) two parts, be cylindrical, underlay pier bottom surface is inclined-plane (21), and upper surface is truncated-spherical (22); Have on the last pad pier (10) and be no less than two holes, the macropore that cooperates with stop grouting plug is established in the bottom, and soffit also is truncated-spherical (22), go up the underlay pier forms ball hinged support.

6. according to the described expanded pressure-type of claim 1 prestressing force slip casting ground tackle, it is characterized in that length of spring compressed formula distending device by bloated shell discharge ring (31), torque spring (32), compression spring (33), Supporting ring (38), dowel (36), lead-in wire (37) is formed, except that bloated shell discharges ring (31), dowel (36), other component-assembled is integral, and compression spring (33) is in pressured state.

7. according to the described expanded pressure-type of claim 1 prestressing force slip casting ground tackle, it is characterized in that pinwheel formula distending device forms by gradually opening wheel (41), location shank (42), spring (43), shell (44), combine with the breach of the body of rod by the projection of gradually opening on the wheel endoporus (45), the drive of the rotation body of rod is gradually opened wheel (41) shank (42) is extruded from distending device sidewall.

8. according to the described expanded pressure-type of claim 1 prestressing force slip casting ground tackle, it is characterized in that stop grouting plug is cylindrical, insert in the perforate of going up pad pier soffit the upper part, stop grouting plug top is provided with and is no less than two circular holes (51) and cooperates with the preformed hole of last pad pier, and the stop grouting plug bottom is a big hole (52).

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