CN2441229Y - Phase array antennas for transmitting/receiving of HF earth-wave radar - Google Patents
Phase array antennas for transmitting/receiving of HF earth-wave radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN2441229Y CN2441229Y CN 00230868 CN00230868U CN2441229Y CN 2441229 Y CN2441229 Y CN 2441229Y CN 00230868 CN00230868 CN 00230868 CN 00230868 U CN00230868 U CN 00230868U CN 2441229 Y CN2441229 Y CN 2441229Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a phase array antenna which is suitable for a high frequency earth-wave radar. The antenna comprises antennas and an earth web, wherein, the antennas are composed of eight groups of eight binary wood bars. The eight active antennas A1-A8 are intermediate feed antennas with glass fiber casings. Eight reflectors F1-F8 are vertical earth oscillators made of alloy aluminum tubes. One transmitting process with eight receiving processes and common transmitting/receiving processes are realized by eight transmitting/receiving switches TR1-TR8. In a transmitting period, the transmitting/receiving switch TR5 drives the antenna A5 to connect with a transmitter T, and therefore, a transmitting antenna array is formed. In a receiving period, the transmitting/receiving switches drive the eight antennas A1-A8 to connect with corresponding receivers R1-R8, and therefore, an eight element phased array is formed. A digital wave bundle form (DBF) realizes orientation scan.
Description
The utility model relates to a kind of antenna, specifically a kind of phased array antenna of the high-frequency ground wave radar transmit-receive sharing of being made up of center-fed antenna.
Be used to survey the high-frequency ground wave radar of extra large attitude and sea moving target at present,, improve certainty of measurement and increase detection range, often adopt phased array antenna in order to realize the radar beam azimuth scan.Because this radar operating frequency is low, long hundreds of rice even a few km of generally reaching of antenna array.Build by the sea as the high-frequency ground wave radar HF-GWR (IEEEJ.O.E, Vol.19, No.4,540,1994.) of Canada development on 1,500 meter the strip, reception antenna is 40 yuan of oscillators, and battle array is long 880 meters; Transmitting antenna is a logarithm periodic antenna, and king-tower is high 40 meters, 800 meters apart from the receiving antenna array center.This radar antenna cost height, floor space is big, and being difficult to by the sea find to provide the suitable area of building this radar station, thereby has limited being extensive use of of this radar.How simplifying the higher-frequency radar antenna structure, dwindling day linear content is the technical barrier that people are concerned about always.United States Patent (USP) U.S.Pat.No.4172255,5361072 uses radar (CODAR) for coastal ocean dynamics and has proposed a kind of orthogonal loop/monopole antenna, this three-element aerial compact conformation, with low cost, set up conveniently, but, only be applicable to the coastal waters detection because transmitting antenna and receiving antenna gain are too low.High-frequency ground wave radar (the communication synthesis research institute quarterly report of Japan's development, shortwave ocean レ one ダ, Vol.37, No.3,1991:343～437) adopted the dual-mode antenna common technology, utilize transmit-receive switch control to make and transmit and receive shared one secondary 8 yuan of double phased array antenna, simplified antenna structure, and made the dual-mode antenna gain all higher, but this radar can only be operated on the fixing frequency, if need to change frequency, will increase the weight of the adjustment and test difficulty of transmit phased array antenna greatly.
In order to overcome the defective of above-mentioned various radar antennas, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of high-frequency ground wave radar transmit-receive sharing phased array antenna, this antenna should have characteristics such as simple in structure, that floor space is little, cost is low, debugging is convenient, and is applicable to the phased array antenna of the high-frequency ground wave radar transmit-receive sharing that moderate distance is surveyed.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the utility model adopted is as follows:
A kind of phased array antenna of high-frequency ground wave radar transmit-receive sharing comprises antenna and earth mat two parts, and antenna wherein is the line array by eight groups of binary Yagi spark gap structure groups, and long D is less than 4 times of radar wavelengths (λ) for battle array, the active antenna A in each group binary Yagi spark gap
i(i=1,2 ... 8, down together) be that shell is the center-fed antenna of fiberglass protection, high h
ALess than λ/4; At a distance of l place be the vertical ground connection oscillator F that uses for reflector that makes with the alloy aluminum pipe thereafter
i, high h
FEqual λ/4.
Choose the high h of two antennas
A, h
FReach its spacing l and make binary Yagi antenna directional pattern main beam width Φ on the radar working band, equal radar illumination fan angle, and make directional pattern have bigger front and back ratio.Every group of binary Yagi spark gap along the battle array axis at a distance of d, for fear of directional pattern graing lobe appears, to reduce battle array long and make antenna array have certain gain as far as possible, guarantee
The phased array antenna of high-frequency ground wave radar transmit-receive sharing of the present utility model is taked one group of antenna emission, one eight receipts of eight groups of antenna receptions, the mode of operation of transmit-receive sharing.Be received as eight yuan of phase arrays that eight groups of binary Yagi spark gaps are formed, battle array directional pattern main beam is wide to be φ, form (DBF) with digital beam and in radar illumination fan angle Φ, realize azimuth scan, perhaps use " multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm " to realize the super-resolution scanning of echo arrival direction.Transmitting antenna is the 5th antenna A in the battle array
5With the special submatrix that other antenna element in the battle array is formed, transmitter is only given A
5Feed, the directional pattern beamwidth Φ of emission submatrix satisfy the angle requirement of radar illumination fan.
Eight high-frequency wideband transmit-receive switch TR
iRealize one eight receipts of above-mentioned antenna array, transmit-receive sharing.Transmit-receive switch and transmitter coexistence are close in the bay at antenna array rear.Transmitting-receiving day pass TR
5In fact be equivalent to a single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), its public point a
iWith equal length radio frequency cable b
iWith center-fed antenna A
iJoin two r that move in the point
iBy equal length cable c
iWith receiver R
iLink to each other another moving some t
5Link to each other with transmitter T by short radio frequency cable S, other transmitting branch of 7 transmit-receive switches that is used to receive need not.Under the effect of control impuls, transmit-receive switch makes antenna A in the emission phase
5T is communicated with transmitter, makes antenna A simultaneously
iWith receiver R
iDisconnect; In the take over period, make antenna A
iWith receiver R
iBe communicated with, make antenna A simultaneously
5Disconnect with transmitter T, thereby make the common antenna battle array realize particular job pattern of one eight receipts, transmit-receive sharing.
The earth mat of this phased array antenna is made with No. 8 galvanized wires, and vertical, horizontal spacing is
" well " word mesh shape, 4 netting twines of every antenna element base position above-mentioned except that having " well " word site, also have 4 with " well " word netting twine angle at 45 tiltedly draw in the net line, make 8 netting twine radials of every antenna root.Each grid point welds.Buried 1.5 meters of every antenna base earthing device, and weld with the site nearby.The equal cabling in trench of all radio frequency cables, control cable and power line between receiving chamber, bay, the antenna array, and be provided with good earthing device.
The high-frequency ground wave radar phased array antenna that the utility model proposes, form (DBF) by digital beam and finish the received beam azimuth scan, be characterized in, form line array by eight groups of binary Yagi spark gaps, long D is less than 4 λ for battle array, realizes the common antenna transmit-receive sharing with transmit-receive switch, adopts the radar antenna of two secondary complex antenna systems to compare respectively with transmitting and receiving, saved antenna installation expense and maintenance cost, floor space reduces greatly.Work with one eight receipts pattern owing to this antenna array simultaneously, reception antenna is the phase array that eight groups of binary Yagi spark gaps are formed, and forms with digital beam and realizes azimuth scan, compares with the orthogonal loop/unipole antenna of compactness, improve antenna gain, thereby increased detection range.Transmitting antenna is No. 5 antenna A in the battle array
5And the submatrix that other antenna element is formed in the battle array, form the directional pattern that covers the radar illumination district, 8 transmission channel debug difficulties when having avoided transmitting antenna to be phase array, the transmission channel that makes 8 gains and phase place will aspire for stability and can computerized control is reduced to 1 passage, simplified radar system greatly, improve the stability and the reliability of system, also simplified the difficulty of antenna performance adjustment and test aspect simultaneously.
The phased array antenna that the utility model proposes, active antenna A
iCenter-fed antenna for glass fibre reinforced plastics casing, be characterized in not only the intensity height, resistance to corrosion is good, efficient is high, and compares with general vertical unipole antenna, it is less that electrical characteristics are influenced by terrain and its features, mild in radar working band internal impedance characteristic variations, standing-wave ratio is less than 3.
The characteristics of the phased array antenna earth mat that the utility model proposes are that main body is
" well " word of spacing is netted, every antenna base is except that having " well " word site passes through, also have 4 with " well " word netting twine angle at 45 tiltedly draw in the net line, make 8 netting twine radials of every antenna root, thereby guarantee the waste of avoiding overstocked earth mat to cause when antenna has good radiation characteristic.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiments the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is that the utility model phased array antenna is formed structure and is connected block diagram with radar host computer.
Fig. 2 is a transmitting antenna submatrix directional pattern in the block diagram shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is a receiving antenna array directional pattern in the block diagram shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 4 is near the plane structure chart of phased array antenna earth mat shown in Figure 1 two groups of binary Yagi spark gap bases.
A kind of phased array antenna of high-frequency ground wave radar transmit-receive sharing comprises antenna and earth mat two parts, the described high-frequency ground wave radar phased array antenna of Fig. 1, and operating frequency range is 6～9MHz, central wavelength lambda is 40 meters.Front-seat active center-fed antenna A
i(i=1,2 ... 8, down together) high h
ABe 7 meters, establish two-layer backguy; Back row's reflector F
iHigh h
FBe 10 meters, establish three layers of backguy.A
iWith F
iSpacing l be 8 meters, arrange forming array point-blank by eight groups of binary Yagi antennas, is 16 meters along the battle array axis between two groups of binary Yagi spark gaps apart from d.It is that 25 meters wide * 130 are meter long that antenna array contains the earth mat floor space.In transmit-receive switch and the transmitter coexistence bay, bay is built in 30 meters of antenna array central rear, each transmit-receive switch TR
iFixed point a
iUse length b
iEqual 80 meters radio frequency cable and corresponding center-fed antenna A
iConnect.Transmit-receive switch TR
5Two moving points in t
5The radio frequency cable and the transmitter output T that equal 1 meter with length s join.Other parts of high-frequency ground wave radar place receiving chamber, and receiving chamber is in the antenna array rear equally, apart from 100 meters of bays.Transmit-receive switch TR
iR in two moving
iUse length c
iEqual 100 meters radio frequency cable and corresponding receiver R
iConnect.Cable b
i, c
1Reach all cablings in trench of other control cable, power line.
The described phased array antenna of Fig. 1 is by eight transmit-receive switch TR
iControl realizes one group of antenna emission, eight groups of one eight receipts, transmit-receive sharing mode of operations that antenna receives.Each transmit-receive switch is equivalent to a single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), a in fact
iBe fixed point, r
iAnd t
iBe two moving points.In the emission phase, transmit-receive switch TR
5Fixed point a
5With the t in two moving points
5Connect, this just makes center-fed antenna A
5Connect with transmitter T, realize the radiation of radar signal; All antennas all disconnect with respective receiver simultaneously, and the whole receivers of locking, thereby have protected receiver in the emission phase.Fig. 2 illustrates the directional pattern of transmitting antenna submatrix, and main beam width Φ is greater than 90 ° in 6～9MHz frequency band, and the front and back ratio is greater than 3dB.In the take over period, transmit-receive switch TR
iFixed point a
iWith the r in two moving points
1Connect, thereby make center-fed antenna A
iWith corresponding receiver R
iConnect, make center-fed antenna A simultaneously No. 5
5Disconnect with transmitter T, realize the reception of echo.Form the azimuth scan that realizes wave beam with digital beam, Fig. 3 illustrates the directional pattern and the beam scanning orientation of receiving antenna array.The battle array directional pattern is about 15 ° at tactical deployment of troops line direction main beam width φ, is becoming with tactical deployment of troops line ± 8 orientation of fan angle interscan of 45 °.
The earth mat of the described phased array antenna of Fig. 1 is built on meter long ground grading of 25 meters wide * 130, and wire rod is No. 8 galvanized wires of 4 millimeters of diameters." well " glyph grid main body spacing N is 2 meters, and every antenna base place tiltedly draws in the net line and " well " word netting twine angle at 45, makes 8 netting twine radials of every antenna root.Fig. 4 shows near the earth mat partial structurtes two groups of binary Yagi antennas.
In the high-frequency ground wave radar representative instance that adopts phased array antenna shown in Figure 1, use FMICW (FMICW) waveform and 100 watts of average transmit powers, successfully detect 200 kilometers ocean current, under the less situation of interference ratio, maximum detectable range can reach 350 kilometers sometimes by day.
Claims (3)
1. a high-frequency ground wave radar transmit-receive sharing phased array antenna comprises antenna and earth mat, it is characterized in that: described antenna is the line array by eight groups of binary Yagi spark gap structure groups, and the long D of its gust is less than 4 times of radar wavelength λ, and each organizes the active antenna A in binary Yagi spark gap
iBe that shell is the center-fed antenna of fiberglass protection, high h
ALess than λ/4; At a distance of l place be the vertical ground connection oscillator Fi that uses for reflector that makes with the alloy aluminum pipe thereafter, high h
FEqual λ/high h of 4, two antennas
A, h
FReach its spacing l and make binary Yagi spark gap directional pattern main beam width Φ equal radar illumination fan angle on the radar working band, and make directional pattern have bigger front and back ratio, every group of binary Yagi spark gap along the battle array axis at a distance of the value of d is
, center-fed antenna A
1～A
8By eight transmit-receive switch TR
1～TR
8Contact r
1-r
5Respectively with corresponding receiver R
i～R
8Connect transmit-receive switch TR
5Another contact t
5Link to each other with transmitter T by short radio frequency cable S.
2. high-frequency ground wave radar transmit-receive sharing phased array antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described earth mat main body equals for spacing N
" well " glyph grid of radar wavelength, every antenna root have 4 with " well " word netting twine angle at 45 tiltedly to draw in the net line, make 8 netting twine radials of every antenna root.
3. high-frequency ground wave radar transmit-receive sharing phased array antenna according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: each grid point welds in the described earth mat, and buried 1.5 meters of every antenna base place earthing device welds with grid point nearby.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00230868 CN2441229Y (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2000-09-14 | Phase array antennas for transmitting/receiving of HF earth-wave radar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00230868 CN2441229Y (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2000-09-14 | Phase array antennas for transmitting/receiving of HF earth-wave radar |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2441229Y true CN2441229Y (en) | 2001-08-01 |
Family
ID=33593884
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00230868 Expired - Fee Related CN2441229Y (en) | 2000-09-14 | 2000-09-14 | Phase array antennas for transmitting/receiving of HF earth-wave radar |
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| CN (1) | CN2441229Y (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1310041C (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2007-04-11 | 长江水利委员会长江工程地球物理勘测研究院(武汉) | Emission scanning phased array ground detecting radar |
| CN1321331C (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2007-06-13 | 武汉大学 | Method for array channel calibration by utilizing ocean echo wave |
| CN100523863C (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2009-08-05 | 武汉大学 | Method and circuit for improving dynamic range of high-frequency ground wave radar receiver |
| CN100543492C (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2009-09-23 | 武汉大学 | The digital signal processing method of multi-channel high-frequency radar receiver |
| WO2017103517A1 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-22 | Suez Groupe | Method for spectral estimation of the clutter of a haline liquid medium |
-
2000
- 2000-09-14 CN CN 00230868 patent/CN2441229Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1321331C (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2007-06-13 | 武汉大学 | Method for array channel calibration by utilizing ocean echo wave |
| CN1310041C (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2007-04-11 | 长江水利委员会长江工程地球物理勘测研究院(武汉) | Emission scanning phased array ground detecting radar |
| CN100523863C (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2009-08-05 | 武汉大学 | Method and circuit for improving dynamic range of high-frequency ground wave radar receiver |
| CN100543492C (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2009-09-23 | 武汉大学 | The digital signal processing method of multi-channel high-frequency radar receiver |
| WO2017103517A1 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-22 | Suez Groupe | Method for spectral estimation of the clutter of a haline liquid medium |
| FR3045958A1 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-23 | Suez Environnement | METHOD FOR SPECTRALLY ESTIMATING THE SCALE OF A LIQUID ENVIRONMENT |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |