CN2429687Y

CN2429687Y - Speed reducer for worm-gears transmission

Info

Publication number: CN2429687Y
Application number: CN 00237345
Authority: CN
Inventors: 初阳; 韩春学; 刘乃庆; 赵大威
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2000-06-07
Filing date: 2000-06-07
Publication date: 2001-05-09
Anticipated expiration: 2010-06-07

Abstract

The utility model relates to a worm gear transmission speed reducer which is a drive device in mechanical drive; the utility model is composed of a worm and gear mechanism, the outer edge of a worm wheel is a helical tooth which is dented inwards, and the outer edge of a worm screw is a spiral groove. The worm wheel is engaged with the worm screw through a rolling ball, reverse semicircle helical rolling ball passages on the beginning and tail end surfaces of a helical groove of the worm screw are communicated with each other, and the rolling balls are sealed in the helical groove on a threaded rod through a sleeve barrel of the rolling ball and the worm wheel engaged with the worm screw. Because the rolling drive is used, the drive efficiency, drive accuracy and the service life are obviously enhanced.

Description

Patent worm and gear transmission decelerating device

The worm and gear transmission decelerating device that the utility model relates to is the transmission device in a kind of mechanical transmission.

Traditional worm gearing is a kind of device that extensively adopts in the various mechanical transmission, because it has stable drive, speed ratio is big, noise free, and advantage such as the compact structure anufacturability is good is so still be widely used so far in various transmission systems.Mainly be to be applied in two aspects, the one, the transmission that is used as power is exactly the calibration transmission of making motion transmission in addition.But it also has significant drawbacks, be exactly that its transmission pays is that the friction transmission is paid, so efficient is low, the life-span is low.Though various retarders occur successively at present, as harmonic speed reducer, a tooth or little tooth difference speed reducer, and the hydraudynamic drive retarder etc., why worm speed reducer still is active among the various machineries, is because it has irreplaceable advantage.Particularly on the equipment that transmission accuracy is had relatively high expectations, still using continuing, such as still also adopting this mechanism among the actuator of control automatically at some indexing mechanisms such as various gear cutting machines, index plates.

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming that traditional worm gearing exists, and provides a kind of transmission efficiency and transmission accuracy height, the worm and gear transmission decelerating device of long service life.

The purpose of this utility model is to realize like this, accompanying drawings is as follows: the turbine and worm transmission decelerating device is made up of worm-and-wheel gear, the outer rim that it is characterized in that worm gear (13) is the helical tooth of indent, the outer rim of worm screw (5) is a spiral chute, worm gear (13) is meshed by ball (4) with worm screw (5), reverse semicircle spiral ball channel on the spiral chute both ends of the surface at the whole story of worm screw (5) communicates, and ball (4) is encapsulated in ball (4) in the spiral chute on the screw rod by ball jacket (3) and the worm gear (13) that is meshed with worm screw (5).

Worm screw (5) can be adopted the spindle of outer surface indent or cylindrical.

Principle of the present utility model is similar to ball screw, also be with ball as the power transmission medium, but different be that the ball-recirculation motion is not at nut (being equivalent to worm gear) but realization in worm screw (being equivalent to leading screw).Utilize ball rolling power transmission to reduce friction loss, improved physical life and transmission efficiency.

The intermeshing slide relative of traditional worm and wheel is promoted worm gear rotate, become with means of rolling and driving force is passed to worm gear by worm screw by ball.Tangible difference is arranged between the two.Characteristics and effect: simple and compact for structure in light weight, be the rolling friction transmission owing to become the sliding friction transmission, so the transmission efficiency height, it is little to wear and tear, the life-span is long.The efficient of common worm drive has only about 30%, also must be furnished with sink, has therefore limited its using scope, especially all adopts stepping machine and servo mostly owing to driving in some automatic control systems, and this retarder can not be applied.Yet this device can be used in to the occasion that transmission efficiency requires and transmission accuracy is higher.This is that so the efficient height, working life is also than original structure height because it does not have the friction loss of sliding friction.Can be used for adopting among the automatic control system of stepper motor and actuating motor, especially complete machine weight being had in the movable machinery of strict demand more has its application prospects.Be rolling friction owing to become sliding friction, so it is little to wear and tear, loss of significance is also little, and its life-span is also just high certainly.Each link of the structure of this device can realize selecting the method for assembling to reach high-precision purpose automatically.Less than the high deceleration box of requirement on machining accuracy, so the technology cost can be guaranteed.

Further specify the utility model content and working procedure thereof below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment.

Fig. 1 adopts the worm and gear transmission decelerating device sectional drawing of cylinder ball;

The A-A view of Fig. 2 Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 adopts the worm and gear transmission decelerating device sectional drawing of sphere ball;

The A-A view of Fig. 4 Fig. 3.

Among the figure: 1. bearing support 2. mandrels 3. ball jackets 4. balls 5. scroll bars 6. ultra-thin key 7. supporting plates 8. bearings 9. bearing caps 10. bearing caps 11. spacers 12. flat keys 13. turbines 14. turbine shafts 15. screws 16. loam cakes 17. wallboards 18. fixing pins 19. woodruff keys

The utility model is in order to adapt to various various objectives demands, and ball (4) can adopt cylinder or sphere ball.

With the motion transmission is that purpose can adopt cylinder ball worn transmission device (consulting Fig. 1), this device transmission accuracy height, and the life-span is long, but contact stiffness is low, and bearing capacity is low.With the power transmission is that purpose can adopt sphere ball worn transmission device (consulting Fig. 2), its transfer motion power is big, precision is higher, life-span is long, the bearing capacity height, but manufacturing expense is quite preceding a kind of higher, because the diameter of hourglass worm on vertical and its cross section, axle center changes to some extent, so when rotating, the linear velocity difference of worm spiral rooved face, its variable quantity be rotating speed 3/1000ths to 6/1000ths between.Relevant with transmission speed ratio, the big variable quantity of speed ratio is more little, makes steel ball and worm screw surface have the slide relative phenomenon to occur, and its efficient will hang down 0.2～0.5% with respect to the cylindrical worm structure.

Below just be that example is illustrated its structural principle with Fig. 1: this device mainly is made up of three core components: (1) is worm screw 5, promptly with the spiral chute worm screw of hemisphere sectional shape profile of tooth, its spiral fluted two ends at whole story end face has groove, the reverse half cycle spiral grooves ball channel that leads to its internal mandrel 2 makes the ball 4 that rolls in spiral chute form a complete continuous shuttling movement.Mandrel 2 and worm screw 5 be by ultra-thin key 6 be connected so that mandrel drives worm screw when rotating rotates.(2) be for guaranteeing that ball can move all the time in spiral chute, being with ball jacket 3, to bear a part of radial force in the outside of worm screw.On it, have the square hole identical, to guarantee the normal engaged of worm gear and worm screw with the worm gear width.Supporting bracket when ball jacket 3 still is worm screw 5 rotations.The bearing 8 usefulness bearing supports 1 of worm screw are contained on the mandrel, bearing cap 9 and be installed on the ball jacket 3 for two supporting plates, the 7 usefulness screws that worm gear 13 is installed.(3) be worm gear 13.Its profile of tooth Normal section also is a hemisphere.The width of worm gear is 2～3 times of ball diameter.To guarantee the stationarity of transmission.Worm gear 13 is to be mounted on the bearing by the worm-wheel shaft 14 usefulness flat keys 12 that support it, and spacer 11 is axial positions of adjusting worm gear, and bearing is that its bearing cap 10 usefulness screws 15 are fixed on the support.Front and back wallboard 17 and loam cake 16 all are screwed.

The transmission process and the principle of this device are: when mandrel 2 rotates, because the effect of ultra-thin key 6 drives worm screw 5 and rotates, at this moment ball prolongs spiral grooves and rolls to the direction of rotation direction, under the restriction of the ball jacket 3 outside worm screw, ball can only move along this groove, is rolled to the other end (inlet) by the end (outlet) of notch.In rolling process when running into worm gear 13, the first half of ball 4 enters in the groove of semi-circular teeth of worm gear 13, the power of transmission just affacts the Lower Half of ball 4 from worm screw 5, act on the side of the semicircle tooth of worm gear 13 then again by ball 4, rotates to drive worm gear.Just entered its surface groove and lead to the gutter channel of mandrel 2 when ball 4 is rolled to the termination of worm screw 5, ball 4 leads to outlet by the other end groove that the gutter channel of mandrel 2 turns back to worm screw, forms a motion cycle.Whole power transmission process is said so to roll by ball and is finished, and ball is along the transmission purpose of the groove scrolling realization power of worm and worm wheel.

Adopting the worm and gear transmission decelerating device of sphere ball is another embodiment of the present utility model.Consult Fig. 3: its transmission principle and structure communicate substantially with accompanying drawing 1 illustrated embodiment, and just worm screw 5 is adopted the spindle of outer surface indent, and ball 4 circulation canals are with fixing pin 18 one and a half months key 19 unsettled being fixed up to be formed a circulation canal.Because the ball quantity of power transmission at this moment is many, so the ability of power transmission is bigger.Be fit to use under the heavy load occasion.

Claims

1. the turbine and worm transmission decelerating device is made up of worm-and-wheel gear, the outer rim that it is characterized in that worm gear (13) is the helical tooth of indent, the outer rim of worm screw (5) is a spiral chute, worm gear (13) is meshed by ball (4) with worm screw (5), reverse semicircle spiral ball channel on the spiral chute both ends of the surface at the whole story of worm screw (6) communicates, and ball (4) is encapsulated in ball (4) in the spiral chute on the screw rod by ball jacket (3) and the worm gear (13) that is meshed with worm screw (5).

2. worm and gear transmission decelerating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that worm screw (5) can adopt the spindle of outer surface indent or cylindrical.

3. worm and gear transmission decelerating device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that ball (4) can adopt cylinder or sphere ball.