CN2425414Y

CN2425414Y - Pulse self-holding electromagnet

Info

Publication number: CN2425414Y
Application number: CN 00214471
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张平; 徐国兵; ***; 接铭波; 孙智长; 马爱民; 李振国
Original assignee: SANHUAN LOCK-MAKING GROUP CO SHANDONG PROV
Current assignee: SANHUAN LOCK-MAKING GROUP CO SHANDONG PROV
Priority date: 2000-04-29
Filing date: 2000-04-29
Publication date: 2001-03-28
Anticipated expiration: 2010-04-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pulse self-holding electromagnet, which belongs to an electromagnet which is used for an electronic lock, an electronic safe, and an electronic access control system. The pulse self-holding electromagnet is composed of a U-shaped iron yoke 9, an armature 5, a shaft sleeve 2, a permanent magnet 3, a frame 4, coils 8, 10, armature seats 1, 6, and a pulling wheel 11 of the armature. The utility model is characterized in that the coils 8, 10 are asymmetrical, and changing ranges of turn ratio of the coils 8, 10 are 1: 1.2 to 1: 2.2 or 1.2: 1 to 2.2: 1. The pulse self-holding electromagnet can effectively prevent a self-holding loop of the permanent magnet from generating acting malfunction of the armature caused by reversal saturated excitation, and the pulse self-holding electromagnet can be ensured to have enough driving and carrying capacity. The utility model has the advantages of reliable performance and wide ranges of working voltage.

Description

Pulse self-sustaining electromagnet

The utility model relates to a kind of pulse self-sustaining electromagnet, belongs to the electromagnet technical field, can be used for electric lockset, Electronic safe and electronic access control system etc.

Used self-sustaining solenidal electromagnets such as existing electric lockset, Electronic safe, electronic access control system, its two serial connections coil is symmetrical, promptly their coil turn equates.Under the identical supply voltage condition of input, its armature and thumb wheel stretch, the contract strength of two states is basic identical.The stretching, contract of armature and thumb wheel, the operating state of a corresponding electromagnet, the non operating state of another corresponding electromagnet, electromagnet drive load in working order down, under non operating state, do not drive load (recovering the position), therefore, can drive loaded work piece effectively in order to make electromagnet, its actuating force is the bigger the better, and changing non operating state into by operating state, required actuating force can be less.Because the actuating force of electromagnet is directly proportional with coil turn, coil working electric current under the unsaturated state of magnetic network, therefore, want to increase the actuating force of work of electromagnet state, must increase coil turn, or operating current, or increase the number of turn and the operating current of coil simultaneously.And the increase of coil turn, operating current when having increased work of electromagnet state-driven power, has also increased the actuating force of electromagnet non operating state, has both caused certain waste of material, has increased the loss of certain energy again.And heavier be, after coil turn and operating current increase, increased the electromagnetic intensity that coil produced, magnetic field intensity is excessive, then wherein the magnetic force that produces of a coil after overcoming the magnetic force that permanent magnet produces, oppositely excitatory to permanent magnet again, and behind the former magnetic field of offsetting permanent magnet, make it oppositely excitatory again, and easily make the magnetic network saturated, electromagnet is failure to actuate, and electromagnet loses due effect.Both made, the magnetic field intensity that coil produces is unlikely and makes the permanent magnet self-holding circuit reach oppositely excitatory degree of saturation, also can't strengthen the actuating force of electromagnet.In addition, the operating voltage range relative value (operating voltage bound difference) of existing electromagnet only has the 2-3 volt, and operating voltage range is narrower.

The purpose of this utility model is, provides a kind of task driven power greater than the inoperative actuating force, and can effectively overcome permanent magnet self-holding circuit wherein oppositely saturated excitatoryly, makes operating voltage range wide, the pulse self-sustaining electromagnet of dependable performance.

The purpose of this utility model reaches by the following technical programs.

First technical solution, this pulse self-sustaining electromagnet, by U sections yoke 9, be positioned at the armature 5 of this iron yoke, the axle sleeve 2 that cooperates with this armature clearance, be sleeved on

coil

8,10 on the axle sleeve 2 by framework 4, permanent magnet 3 between two coils is positioned at the

armature seat

1,6 at armature 5 two ends and pulls out wheel 11 compositions, and its special character is, described coil the 8, the 10th, asymmetric, coil 8 is 1.2 with the excursion of coil 10 turn ratios: 1-2.2: 1.

Coil 8 is 1.3: 1 with the turn ratio of coil 10.

Coil 8 is 1.5: 1 with the turn ratio of coil 10.

Coil 8 is 2: 1 with the turn ratio of coil 10.

Second technical solution, this pulse self-sustaining electromagnet, by U sections yoke 9, be positioned at the armature 5 of this iron yoke, the axle sleeve 2 that cooperates with this armature clearance, be sleeved on

coil

armature seat

1,6 at armature 5 two ends and pulls out wheel 11 compositions, and its special character is, described coil the 8, the 10th, asymmetric, coil 8 is 1 with the excursion of coil 10 turn ratios: 1.2-1: 2.2.

Coil 8 is 1: 1.3 with the turn ratio of coil 10.

Coil 8 is 1: 1.5 with the turn ratio of coil 10.

Coil 8 is 1: 2 with the turn ratio of coil 10.

Because the utility model adopted above-mentioned two technical solutions, make it compared with prior art, the number of turn of two coils is asymmetric, in first kind of scheme, the number of turn of coil 8 is greater than the number of turn of coil 10, utilization be that the power of contracting of electromagnet drives load.In second kind of scheme, the number of turn of coil 8 is less than the number of turn of coil 10, utilization be that the power of stretching out of electromagnet drives load, two schemes all are that drive increases when making electromagnet in running order, and the actuating force when being in non operating state reduces.After two coils are asymmetric, can effectively overcome the magnetic force that permanent magnet produces if guarantee the few magnetic force that coil produced of coil turn, necessary corresponding increase operating voltage, after operating voltage increased, its operating current increased, because the series connection of two coils, electric current in the flowing through coil number of turn coil how increases thereupon, and then the induced field intensity of generation is increased, the actuating force that acts on the armature increases, and makes this electromagnet can drive the load action effectively.The coil that coil turn is less, though electric current increases, because of the number of turn is few, magnetic field intensity is also little, and not to or seldom permanent magnet is carried out oppositely excitatoryly, kept the original magnetic of permanent magnet.When making electromagnet get back to non operating state by operating state, need to the logical reverse current of magnet spool, though the coil turn magnetic force that coil produced how is behind the magnetic force that has overcome the permanent magnet generation, also have enough magnetic field intensitys oppositely excitatory to it, but because of electromagnet by operating state during to non operating state, bringing onto load not, only need overcome the magnetic force that permanent magnet produces, and effect because of magnetic strength, exciting curent its armature before reaching rated value has just moved and has produced air gap, return to non operating state, thereby, the magnetic field intensity that coil produced that coil turn is many can not carried out oppositely saturated excitatory to the permanent magnet self-holding circuit, thereby has kept the original magnetic of permanent magnet.Thereby it is big to make this electromagnet have task driven power, the advantage of reliable in action.Simultaneously, the results showed, adopt above-mentioned technical solution after, can make the voltage range of operating voltage enlarge 1-2 doubly.For example, the operating voltage range relative value of existing coil symmetrical expression self-sustaining electromagnet is generally 2 volts, and after adopting the technical program, the operating voltage range relative value of described pulse self-sustaining electromagnet reaches the 4-6.5 volt.

The explanation of accompanying drawing drawing

The structural representation of an embodiment of first technical solution of Fig. 1-the utility model

The structural representation of an embodiment of second technical solution of Fig. 2-the utility model

Provide embodiment of the present utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, be used for further specifying technical solution.

Embodiment 1, and with reference to figure 1, this is an embodiment of first technical solution.U sections yoke 9 is made for metallic plate, and armature 5 and the armature seat 1, the armature seat 6 that are positioned at these armature two ends are arranged in axle sleeve 2 inner chambers, and the two ends of armature 5 are provided with groove, and

armature seat

1,6 is a projection with the end that armature 5 touches mutually, and the groove of its shape and armature 5 matches.Thumb wheel 11 by its axle with armature 5 for being threaded.Pulling out to go here and there on the wheel shaft has spring (this spring can not have yet), and coil 8 and coil 10 are sleeved on the axle sleeve 2 by its framework 4, and connect with lead, and coil 8 is 1.3: 1 with the turn ratio of coil 10.Between two coils permanent magnet 3 and lamination 7.

Operation principle is, it is that armature 5 touches mutually with armature seat 1 that the thumb wheel 11 of supposing electromagnet is in the state of stretching out (electromagnet is in and treats operating state), so when the coil no power, the magnetic line of force that is produced by permanent magnet 3 passes through lamination 7, axle sleeve 2, armature 5, armature seat 1 (under a state, two armature seats have only the magnetic line of force that permanent magnet 3 is produced to form closed magnetic loop) and U sections yoke 9 formation closed magnetic loops, under the magnetic force that permanent magnet 3 produces, keep this state.Behind coil electricity, the magnetic line of force that is produced by coil 10 is at the armature 5 of flowing through, axle sleeve 2, lamination 7, permanent magnet 3, during U sections yoke 9, the magnetic line of force direction that produces with permanent magnet 3 is opposite, and the magnetic force that this coil produces is behind the magnetic force that overcomes permanent magnet 3 generations, the trend that makes armature 5 leave armature seat 1 and move to armature seat 6 simultaneously under the powerful induced magnetism effect that coil 8 produces, makes armature 5 leave the armature seat and moves to armature seat 6, when armature 5 with after armature seat 6 contacts, then thumb wheel 11 has become retracted mode (operating state of electromagnet) by the state of stretching out under the effect of armature 5; The magnetic line of force process lamination 7 of permanent magnet 3 generations at this moment, axle sleeve 2, armature 5, armature seat 6, U sections yoke 9 forms closed magnetic loops, and the magnetic force direction that is produced by permanent magnet 3 is identical with the magnetic force direction that coil produces.After the outage, armature 5 is under the magneticaction that permanent magnet 3 produces, and still maintenance and the state that armature seat 6 touches mutually make thumb wheel 11 still be in retracted mode.In like manner, when to the opposite electric current of the logical directions of

coil

8,10, the magnetic field force that is produced by coil 8 is at the armature 5 of flowing through, axle sleeve 2, lamination 7, permanent magnet 3, during U sections yoke 9, the magnetic force direction that produces with permanent magnet 3 is opposite, and this magnetic field force overcomes the magnetic field force that produces with coil 10 behind the magnetic force that permanent magnet 3 produces to be made armature 5 leave armature seat 6 jointly and move to armature seat 1, when armature 5 with after armature seat 1 contacts, then thumb wheel 11 reverts at the beginning the state that stretches out by retracted mode under the effect of armature 5.Because in actual applications, when electromagnet is got back to non operating state, do not drive load, so when being converted to non operating state by operating state, speed is fast, used magnetic force is little.The magnetic line of force of permanent magnet 3 generations at this moment is through lamination 7, axle sleeve 2, armature 5, armature seat 1, U sections yoke 9 forms closed magnetic loop, and the magnetic force direction that is produced by permanent magnet 3 is identical with the direction of this magnetic force, after the outage, armature 5 is under the effect of permanent magnetism power, and still maintenance and the state that armature seat 1 touches mutually make thumb wheel 11 still keep the state of stretching out.After, the action of magnet will repeat above process, because the number of turn of coil 8 had enough actuating forces greater than the number of turn of coil 10 so both guaranteed electromagnet, effectively avoid the magnetic reversal of permanent magnet again, make its reliable working performance.

In like manner, according to first technical solution, the excursion that can also provide coil 8 and coil 10 turn ratios is 1.2: 1-2.2: 1 (not comprising 1.3: 1), and the identical embodiment of its component structural and annexation and embodiment 1.Guaranteeing that coil 8 is big more with the turn ratio of coil 110 under the unsaturated state of magnetic network, the operational forces during the solenoid actuated load is big more.But, influence working sensitivity if the two turn ratio greater than 2.2: 1, stronger reverse excitatory phenomenon then can occur.

Embodiment 2, and with reference to figure 2, this is an embodiment of second technical solution.The structure of this embodiment and embodiment 1 is basic identical, U sections yoke 9, axle sleeve 2, permanent magnet 3, framework 4, armature 5,

armature seat

1,6, lamination 7, the structure and the annexation of thumb wheel 11 grades are identical with embodiment 1, and difference is, variation has taken place with the turn ratio of coil 10 in coil 8, here, the number of turn of coil 8 is less than the number of turn of coil 10, and coil 8 is 1: 1.3 with the ratio of the number of turn of coil 10.Operating state when Fig. 2 has promptly represented electromagnet load to be driven utilizes the power of stretching out of electromagnet to drive load here, and its operation principle is identical with embodiment 1.

In like manner, according to second technical solution, the excursion that can also provide coil 8 and coil 10 turn ratios is 1: 1.2-1: 2.2 (not comprising 1: 1.3), and the identical embodiment of other component structural and annexation and embodiment 2.Because except two coil ratios changed, the structure of other parts and operation principle were identical with it, so no longer stating more.

Claims

1, a kind of pulse self-sustaining electromagnet, it is by U sections yoke (9), be positioned at the armature (5) of this iron yoke, the axle sleeve (2) that cooperates with this armature clearance, be sleeved on coil (8), (10) on the axle sleeve (2) by framework (4), permanent magnet between two coils (3), be positioned at armature seat (1), (6) at armature (5) two ends and pull out wheel (11) composition, it is characterized in that, described coil (8), (10) are asymmetric, and coil (8) is 1.2 with the excursion of coil (10) turn ratio: 1-2.2: 1.

2, pulse self-sustaining electromagnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that, coil (8) is 1.3: 1 with the turn ratio of coil (10).

3, pulse self-sustaining electromagnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that, coil (8) is 1.5: 1 with the turn ratio of coil (10).

4, pulse self-sustaining electromagnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that, coil (8) is 2: 1 with the turn ratio of coil (10).

5, a kind of pulse self-sustaining electromagnet, it is by U sections yoke (9), be positioned at the armature (5) of this iron yoke, the axle sleeve (2) that cooperates with this armature clearance, be sleeved on coil (8), (10) on the axle sleeve (2) by framework (4), permanent magnet between two coils (3), be positioned at armature seat (1), (6) at armature (5) two ends and pull out wheel (11) composition, it is characterized in that, described coil (8), (10) are asymmetric, and coil (8) is 1 with the excursion of coil (10) turn ratio: 1.2-1: 2.2.

6, pulse self-sustaining electromagnet according to claim 5 is characterized in that, coil (8) is 1: 1.3 with the turn ratio of coil (10).

7, pulse self-sustaining electromagnet according to claim 5 is characterized in that, coil (8) is 1: 1.5 with the turn ratio of coil (10).

8, pulse self-sustaining electromagnet according to claim 5 is characterized in that, coil (8) is 1: 2 with the turn ratio of coil (10).