CN2325554Y - Friction type direction changeable oil well pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a friction type direction changeable oil well pump, belonging to an oil production machine. The utility model is composed of a working mechanism, an upper platform, a headframe, a balance weight machinery, a base, a machine moving machinery, and a control mechanism, wherein, the upper platform, the headframe, and the base are formed into a tower frame; the working mechanism is a motorized pulley which is composed of a reversing motor, a planetary speed reducer, and an electromagnetic brake and is arranged on the upper platform by a mandrel and an axle bed; the surface of the motorized pulley is provided with a friction pad, and the upper side of the friction pad is provided with a groove; a lifting wire cable is arranged in the groove, one end of the lifting wire cable is connected with a sucker rod, and the other end of the lifting wire cable is connected with a weight box; the control mechanism is composed of an upper and a lower proximity switches which are arranged on the headframe, a terminal switch, and an induction iron which is arranged on the weight box.

Description

Friction type commutation pumping unit

Friction type commutation pumping unit belongs to oil recovery machiner.

At present, the widely used oil pumping unit in China oil field mainly is a beam pumping unit.It has durable in use, advantage of simple structure.But because its working principle and structural problem, be difficult to the shortcoming that overcomes below the existence: (1) ground transmission line is long, makes surface efficiency very low, generally about 30%, as considers that underground efficient is 80%, and then system effectiveness is about 20%; (2) pumping unit startup acceleration is big, at 3m/s ²More than, so the pumping unit dynamic load is excessive, working state is steady inadequately; (3) its power adopts squirrel cage motor, and power factor is low, and inrush current is a rated current more than 3 times,, causes " low load with strong power " phenomenon because of motor adopts heavy-duty motor more.In addition, the beam pumping unit major parameter is regulated difficulty, and very little as stroke can regulate amount, jig frequency is non-adjustable, as transfers and must change parts such as motor or speed reducer.Beam pumping unit also exists to long stroke, low jig frequency development difficulty, the shortcoming that heavy crude producing is restricted.Therefore beam pumping unit is the poor efficiency of generally acknowledging, the pumping unit of high energy consumption.In recent years beam pumping unit is transformed, but it is little to produce effects.The pumping unit that other wards off new footpath has a kind of chain type commutation pumping unit, and it is to adopt the chain sprocket transmission, and this kind type exists chain wear fast, and working life is short, and chain and sprocket engagement are impacted big, shortcomings such as chain cost height.

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of existing beam pumping unit and chain type oil pump, provides a kind of efficient, energy-conservation, both applicable to extracting general fluid, the friction type commutation pumping unit of also applicable extraction viscous crude.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that this friction type pumping unit is by operation mechanism, upper mounting plate, derrick, balance weight mechanism, base, telephone-moving mechanism and control mechanism are formed, upper mounting plate, derrick and base constitute pylon, telephone-moving mechanism is contained on the base, the ballast box structure that balance weight mechanism adopts the counterweight iron block to form, its special way is that operation mechanism adopts motorized pulleys, it is installed on the upper mounting plate by axle and axle bed, lining pad is equipped with on the motorized pulleys surface, lining pad is provided with groove, promote in the groove of lining pad that steel cable is contained in motorized pulleys, the one end is connected with sucker rod by tension equalizer mechanism, and the other end is connected with ballast box.

Reversing motor, planetary reducer and electromagnetic brake are housed in the motorized pulleys.

Control mechanism is formed near switch, limit switches and the induction iron block that is contained on the ballast box by being contained in upper and lower on the derrick.

The utility model is combined power section, drive part, braking part owing to adopt existing motorized pulleys as operation mechanism, compact structure not only, reliable operation, and motorized pulleys this make transmission link simple as friction wheel.The system effectiveness of this machine can reach more than 50%.

The utility model also has following outstanding feature: (1) has realized the startup function of high pulling torque, little electric current.When starting torque was rated torque 15%, its inrush current only was 30% of a rated current, can be controlled in 0.5m/s and start acceleration ²Below, the startup load is compared with the same model beam pumping unit reduced by 6 times, thus this machine of making stable working.(2) acceleration is little and sucker rod is up, downstream rate is adjustable, can make oil well pump be full of effect and greatly improve.(3) stroke of this machine, jig frequency is adjustable, it is strong to change adaptability for the well head situation, to the consistency change of oil, can guarantee pumping unit performance usefulness by changing up, downstream rate.Can be fit to especially satisfy the needs that extract viscous crude to long stroke, low jig frequency development.(4) because this machine is by the friction driving of steel cable (or belt) with the motorized pulleys pad, when holddown takes place, the security insurance effect is arranged.(5) this machine is compared with equal model beam pumping unit, its installed power, all low many of indexs such as complete machine quality and output torque.In addition, this machine easily damaged parts is a steel cable, and cost is low, easily changes, and can adopt many, increases Security.This machine condition does not to external world have specific (special) requirements, has characteristics such as simple in structure, easy to maintenance, simple to operate, and realizes electromechanical integration control easily.

The concrete structure of model utility is provided by following examples and accompanying drawing thereof.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to the friction type commutation pumping unit that the utility model proposes.

Fig. 2 is that the AA of Fig. 1 is to view.

Further specify according to pumping unit details and the working condition that the utility model proposes below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

This programme is to adopt reversing motor as promoting power; by changing turning to of motor; drive motorized pulleys (1) rotation commutation; realize the to-and-fro motion of sucker rod (11); and its rotating speed adjustable joint can adopt switched reluctance variable speed machine to finish in the present embodiment, and switched reluctance variable speed machine is directly installed in the motorized pulleys and by inner planetary reduction systems and reaches the deceleration purpose; be equiped with electromagnetic brake on the transmission shaft in motorized pulleys (1), brake actuating system is used when being used to shut down.

Motorized pulleys are installed on the upper mounting plate (2), and upper mounting plate (2) constitutes a pylon by derrick (3) and base (7).On base (7) telephone-moving mechanism is installed, telephone-moving mechanism is made up of the wheel (16) of 4 hoist screw mandrel screw mechanism (8) and 2 the horizontal lead screw screw mechanisms (15) and the screw mandrel ends that hoist, the nut seat (9) that is fixed on the basis (10).When well workover needs telephone-moving, anchoring bolt is unclamped, then base (7) is thrown off with basis (10), rotate the screw mandrel that hoists, the wheel (16) of its end is supported on the track on the basis (10), whole pylon is lifted, and then the rotation horizontal lead screw, then pylon is moved backward, get out of the way pithead position so that well-repairing work carries out.Move forward pylon during work and reset, put down pylon and drop on the basis, the tightening stone bolt then can normally carry out oil pumping work.

This machine is to come transferring power and speed by the frictional force between the lining pad on motorized pulleys surface and the lifting steel cable.Lifting steel cable (13) on the friction wheel (being motorized pulleys) can be with 2,4 (even number value).An end that promotes steel cable is connected with sucker rod (11) by tension equalizer mechanism (12), and the other end is connected with ballast box (14), and the quality of balance weight iron can rationally be adjusted according to hole condition, reaches the optimum state.Tension equalizer mechanism is that two groups of balancing poles are formed, and the pulling force inequality of regulating each rope automatically reaches evenly it, guarantees that steel cable is stressed evenly, prolongs steel cable and plays a protective role again simultaneously working life.

Be equipped with on derrick (3) near switch (5), upper and lower spacing near switch (5) is the value of required rod stroke, has upper and lowerly promptly changed the size of stroke near the switching position as long as regulate, and generally is to regulate toward little stroke in maximum stroke.When promoting the steel cable oil pumping, the induction iron (6) that is contained on the ballast box (14) when meeting near switch, just sends commutation signal with upper and lower, control the motor Rotation With Changing to, finish beam hanger reciprocating action.Be respectively equipped with limit switches (4) on last top near switch with following bottom near switch, it is to prevent malfunctioning near switch (5) and safety switch that be provided with, and it can be cut off the electricity supply and stop machine run.

It is to finish by regulating motor speed that jig frequency is regulated, and the electric machine control system variable-speed scope of present embodiment 1: 50 is a step-less adjustment so jig frequency is regulated.

Jig frequency is regulated easily, as long as the speed governing knob can change rotating speed of motor on the twisting control boxboard face, and the revolution value that has digital demonstration to be transferred to, jig frequency is regulated the uplink and downlink separate regulation, make sucker rod be in up, descending different speed state, and the middle commutating speed time can be regulated separately, and this sample machine can accomplish to adapt to the multiple variation of well head hole condition, and this is very favourable to the pumping viscous crude.

This machine can be provided with sucker rod tensile test system in control system, the indicator diagram of oil well is provided at any time, so that the quality size of grasping hole condition and rationally regulating balance weight iron guarantees that system works is in efficiently, power save mode.

Claims (3)

1, friction type commutation pumping unit is by operation mechanism, upper mounting plate (2), derrick (3), balance weight mechanism, base (7), telephone-moving mechanism and control mechanism are formed, it is characterized in that operation mechanism adopts motorized pulleys (1), it is installed on the upper mounting plate (2) by axle and axle bed, lining pad is equipped with on motorized pulleys (1) surface, which is provided with groove, promoting steel cable (13) is contained in the groove, the one end is connected with sucker rod (11) by tension equalizer mechanism (12), and the other end is connected with ballast box (14).

2, friction type commutation pumping unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that being contained in reversing motor, planetary reducer and electromagnetic brake in the motorized pulleys (1).

3, friction type according to claim 1 and 2 commutation pumping unit is characterized in that control mechanism forms near switch (5), limit switches (4) and the induction iron (6) that is contained on the ballast box (14) by being contained in upper and lower on the derrick (3).