CN221299211U - Self-adaptive speed increasing mechanism of expansion anchoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a self-adaptive speed increasing mechanism of an expansion anchoring device, which realizes effective control of a rock-soil body through speed increasing control of an expansion sleeve when a side slope is deformed, and further plays an anchoring effect of an anchor rod. The anti-pulling device comprises a pull rod arranged in an anchor hole, wherein the bottom of the pull rod is rotationally anchored at the bottom of the anchor hole, at least one group of self-adaptive fastening devices are arranged on the pull rod, a driven wheel is connected on the pull rod, a mounting hole is formed in soil body on one side of the anchor hole, a driving screw is arranged in the mounting hole, a driving wheel is in threaded fit with the driving screw, the driving screw has a structure capable of driving the driving wheel to rotate when the driving screw axially moves, and a structure that the driving wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate and the rotation speed of the driven wheel is higher than that of the driving wheel is arranged between the driving wheel and the driven wheel; the upper end of the driving screw is fixed with a fixed disc fixed on the outer surface of the rock-soil body.

Description

Self-adaptive speed increasing mechanism of expansion anchoring device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an anchor rod, in particular to a self-adaptive speed increasing mechanism of an expansion anchoring device.

Background

The anchor rod is widely applied to rock-soil body reinforcement treatment engineering, and has the main function of controlling the stability of rock-soil body, deep foundation pit and other rock-soil engineering and tunnel, stope and other underground caverns.

In some surrounding rock grades, such as in soft rock areas, large deformation of the rock mass is often generated, and under the action of an earthquake, large deformation of some rock mass is often generated. The load and large deformation phenomenon are generated, and the anchor rod is widely applied as a rock-soil body supporting structure in operation.

One end of the anchor rod is fixed in the depth of the anchor hole, then the tray sleeved on the anchor rod is pressed on the outer side face of the rock-soil body through the nut screwed on the anchor rod, and the deformation of the rock-soil body between the anchor point and the tray is prevented through two-point fixation. The anchoring is characterized in that external stress points are exposed to the outside, and are exposed to the wind and the sun in a field environment, so that on one hand, nuts and trays are corroded after long-term use, the mechanical properties of the nuts and the trays are damaged, and in addition, the outer side surface of a rock-soil body is easy to crack after long-term stress, so that the anchor rod cannot achieve the required control on the deformation of the rock-soil body and even fails. The anchoring is rigid anchoring, and the anchor rod is easy to break.

Chinese patent application discloses an "anchoring device with elastic expansion sleeve", publication no: CN1898456a, whose publication date is 1 month 17 2007, consists of a threaded rod, an expansion sleeve sleeved on the threaded rod, a movable insertion wedge sleeved on the threaded rod and placed at the front and rear ends of the expansion sleeve, and a fixed insertion wedge. In use, the threaded rod is rotated about its longitudinal axis, the expansion sleeve will not rotate due to friction against the roughened surface of the hole drilled in the rock, and as the threaded rod rotates, the movable insert wedge moves axially towards the expansion sleeve, pushing the expansion sleeve towards the fixed insert wedge, eventually causing the movable insert wedge and the fixed insert wedge to enter into the expansion sleeve, whereas the outer diameter of the main cylindrical portion of the insert wedge is larger than the expansion sleeve, whereby such a combination of the insert wedge into the inner cavity of the expansion sleeve will cause at least a portion of the expansion sleeve to be stretched and radially expanded, and the anchor head to be shifted to an operative position, wherein the expansion sleeve acts firmly against the inner surface of the hole T drilled in the excavation structure wall, such that the anchor head is firmly anchored in the rock circumscribing hole. When the structure is used, the threaded rod needs to be manually rotated in advance, and then the bearing plate is pressed on the outer surface of the wall of the excavation structure, so that the pressure of the expansion sleeve to the anchor hole cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the change of the excavation structure.

Disclosure of utility model

The utility model aims to provide a self-adaptive speed increasing mechanism of an expansion anchoring device, which solves the problems that the disclosure number is: the patent application of CN1898456A can not adapt to the technical problem of the pressure of the expansion sleeve to the anchor hole according to the deformation of the rock-soil body, and the utility model realizes the acceleration anchoring acting force of the expansion sleeve during the deformation of the rock-soil body through the acceleration mechanism, thereby further ensuring the anchoring effect of the anchor rod.

In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

The technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows: the self-adaptive speed-increasing mechanism of the expansion anchoring device comprises a tension rod arranged in an anchor hole, wherein the bottom of the tension rod is rotationally anchored at the bottom of the anchor hole, at least one group of self-adaptive fastening devices are installed on the tension rod, driven wheels are connected on the tension rod, a mounting hole is formed in soil body on one side of the anchor hole, a driving screw is arranged in the mounting hole, a driving wheel is in threaded fit with the driving screw, the driving screw is provided with a structure capable of driving the driving wheel to rotate when the driving screw axially moves, the lower end of the driving wheel is rotationally connected with a fixing seat sleeved on the driving screw, the driving screw can vertically and freely move in an inner hole of the fixing seat, a connecting seat is rotationally sleeved on the tension rod, the fixing seat is connected with the connecting seat through a fixing rod, and the driving wheel is provided with a structure that the driving wheel drives the driven wheels to rotate and the driven wheels rotate at a speed higher than the driving wheel;

The upper end of the driving screw is fixedly provided with a fixed disc fixed on the surface of the rock-soil body;

The self-adaptive fastening device comprises an expansion sleeve which is in friction fit on the wall of an anchor hole, the expansion sleeve is sleeved on a pull-resistant rod at intervals, the front end and the rear end of the expansion sleeve are respectively matched with an insertion wedge body which is in threaded fit on the pull-resistant rod, the threads in the two insertion wedge bodies are opposite in rotation direction, the insertion wedge body is formed by a truncated cone part facing the expansion sleeve and a cylindrical body which is integrally connected and coaxial with the truncated cone part, the truncated cone part is formed by a small round end which starts to be gradually increased until the truncated cone part is connected with the cylindrical body, the small round end diameter of the truncated cone part is smaller than the inner hole diameter of the expansion sleeve, and the large round end diameter of the truncated cone part is larger than the inner hole diameter of the expansion sleeve.

Preferably, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are synchronous wheels, the number of the synchronous teeth of the driving wheel is more than that of the driven wheel, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are connected through a synchronous belt.

Preferably, the driving wheel and the driven wheel are gears, the number of teeth of the driving wheel is greater than that of the driven wheel, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are meshed together.

Preferably, a plurality of self-adaptive fastening devices are axially arranged on the pull-resistant rod at intervals. The self-adaptive fastening devices are arranged, so that when the rock-soil body deforms, the self-adaptive fastening devices above the deformation position are upper fastening points, the fastening heads below the deformation position and the bottom fastening points are lower fastening points, tensile resistance is formed between the upper fastening points and the lower fastening points, and the deformation of the rock-soil body is prevented by fastening together. Because of the multipoint anchoring at the lower end and the multipoint fastening at the upper end, the stress state of the rock-soil body is improved, and the stability of the rock-soil body is improved.

Preferably, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the periphery of the anchor hole, a driving screw is arranged in each mounting hole, driving wheels are in threaded fit with the driving screw, the driving wheels and driven wheels are gears, the number of teeth of the driving wheels is larger than that of the driven wheels, and a plurality of driven wheels surrounding the circumference of the driving wheels are meshed with the driving wheels. A plurality of mounting holes are formed around the anchor hole, and each mounting hole is internally provided with a driving screw and a driving wheel, so that when a rock-soil body is deformed, the driving wheels rotate simultaneously, the driven wheels are stressed at multiple points, the stress of the driven wheels is increased, the pressure of the expansion sleeve on the anchor hole is further increased, and the anchoring effect of the anchor rod is guaranteed.

Preferably, the truncated cone parts of the insertion wedges at the two ends of the expansion sleeve are placed in the inner hole of the expansion sleeve, and the insertion wedges are in friction fit with the inner hole of the expansion sleeve, so that when the anti-pulling rod rotates, the insertion wedges do not rotate, and when the insertion wedges gradually move towards the inside of the expansion sleeve, the expansion sleeve can be gradually expanded, and the outer diameter of the expansion sleeve is expanded.

Preferably, the self-adaptive fastening devices are at least two, one is arranged at the bottom of the anchor hole and the other is arranged at the top of the anchor hole.

Preferably, the tail part of the cylinder of the insertion wedge body is coaxially connected with a stop ring with the diameter larger than that of the cylinder.

Preferably, the pull-resistant rod is sleeved with a tray covered on the surface of the rock-soil body, and nuts are in threaded fit with the pull-resistant rod above the tray. This arrangement allows the self-adapting fastening means inside the anchor hole to be anchored by the cooperation of the nut and the pallet, in the end, with the anchoring point at the bottom of the anchor hole in case of partial failure.

Preferably, the insertion wedge is provided with at least one clamping strip extending from the small round end of the truncated cone part to the tail part of the cylinder, and the expansion sleeve is internally provided with a clamping groove which is matched with the clamping strip and axially penetrates through the expansion sleeve. The clamping strip is clamped into the clamping groove, the clamping strip can move along the length direction of the clamping groove, and when the tensile rod rotates, the clamping strip is clamped in the clamping groove at the moment, so that the inserting wedge body cannot rotate along with the tensile rod.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model sets up the self-adaptation accelerating mechanism, accelerate the rotation of the anti-drag link according to the movement of the rock-soil body through the self-adaptation accelerating mechanism, the drag link rotates and has played the expansion effect of the speed-increasing expanding mechanism, namely set up at least one mounting hole on one side of the drag link, set up the drive screw that can move along with the surface of the rock-soil body in the mounting hole, when the surface of the rock-soil body strengthened moves because of producing the deformation internally (at this moment, the surface of the rock-soil body moves outwards, and the upper end of the drive screw is fixed on the surface of the rock-soil body through the fixed disk, thus can drive the drive screw to move), drive the drive screw to make axial movement, drive the axial movement of the driving wheel to drive the driving wheel to rotate, the driven wheel rotates and drives the drag link to rotate, because insert wedge and expansion sleeve hole friction fit between them, therefore when the drag link rotates, can not drive insert wedge rotate, two insert wedge and expansion sleeve, therefore make the surface of expansion sleeve expand constantly respectively, make the pressure between the outer surface of the expansion sleeve and anchor hole wall increase, and make it firmly fasten the place. And then the anchoring is formed between the two self-adaptive fixing heads or between the self-adaptive fixing heads and the bottom anchoring points, so that the rock and soil body between the two self-adaptive fixing heads is prevented from deforming. When the rock-soil body is deformed, the surface of the rock-soil body moves outwards, and the driving wheel drives the driven wheel to achieve the speed increasing effect, so that the expansion speed of the expansion sleeve can be multiplied, the effect of quick anchoring is achieved, the extrusion force between the expansion sleeve and the anchor hole is quickly increased, and the anchoring is firmer.

When the rock-soil body is deformed, the stress points of the utility model are the acted bottom anchoring and expansion sleeve, the stress points are all carried out in the anchor holes, the anchor holes cannot be eroded by long-term external environment, the service life of the anchoring device is prolonged, and the anchoring effect is improved. When the tensile rod is connected to the bottom of the anchor hole through the rotation of the bottom, the tray and the tensile rod can be vertically in sliding fit, the tray is fixed on the surface of a rock-soil body through the sealing gasket, the sealing ring fixed in the inner hole of the tray is arranged between the tray and the tensile rod, and the tensile rod can axially move relative to the sealing ring, so that the inside of the anchor hole is sealed to a certain extent, and the anchoring effect is ensured.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a structure of the present utility model relating to a speed increasing structure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a specific application of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the present utility model provided with a plurality of mounting holes and drive screw structures;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the pull rod of the present utility model consisting of a center rod and a rotating rod;

In the drawings, wherein: anchor hole 1, tensile pole 2, driven wheel 3, mounting hole 4, drive screw 5, action wheel 6, fixing base 7, connecting seat 8, dead lever 9, fixed disk 10, expansion sleeve 11, insert wedge 12, hold-in range 13, stop ring 14, tray 15, nut 16, card strip 17, draw-in groove 18, pressure bearing 19, center pole 20, swivelling tube 21, swivelling chute 22, swivel ring 23, tensile pole bottom anchor end 24.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

According to the utility model, the anchoring point is preset at the bottom in the anchor hole 1, the bottom of the pull rod 2 is rotationally connected to the anchoring point through the pressure bearing 19, so that the pressure bearing 19 is used, when the rock-soil body is deformed, the pressure bearing can bear the pressure when the rock-soil body is deformed, and the pull rod 2 can rotate relative to the anchoring point.

Or the tension rod 2 and the anchoring point can be arranged in such a way that the tension rod 2 is composed of a central rod 20 and a rotary pipe 21 which is rotationally sleeved on the central rod 20, the bottom of the central rod 20 is anchored at the bottom of the anchor hole 1 to form an anchoring point, a plurality of annular rotary grooves 22 are axially arranged on the central rod 20 at intervals, a plurality of rotary rings 23 which are rotationally arranged in the rotary grooves 22 are arranged on the inner circumference of the rotary pipe 21, and the rotary rings 23 are in one-to-one correspondence with the rotary grooves 22. In order to facilitate assembly, the rotary tube 21 may be formed into two semicircular tubes, which are butted together at the time of assembly, and the rotary tube 21 may be formed by welding or bolting. This allows the rotating tube 21 to freely rotate on the central rod 20 without axial movement therebetween, while the expansion sleeve 11 is fitted over the rotating tube 21 and the insertion wedge 12 is threadedly engaged over the rotating tube 21. The driven wheel 3 is fixed to the rotary pipe 21. The connecting seat 8 can be rotationally connected to the rotary pipe 21 and also can be connected to the central rod 20, the rotary pipe 21 does not extend out of the anchor hole 1, the central rod 20 extends out of the anchor hole 1, the central rod 20 is sleeved with the tray 15 covered on the surface of the rock-soil body, the central rod above the tray 15 is in threaded fit with the nut 16, and at the moment, the nut 16 can be at a certain distance from the tray 15, so that the tray 15 has a allowance for moving along with the rock-soil body. While the position of the nut 16 serves as a final safety shield.

The tension rod in the utility model can be rotationally connected to the tray 15, at the moment, the bottom of the tension rod is not anchored any more, the tray 15 can be fixed on a rock-soil body through a plurality of screws screwed in circumferentially, the tension rod is rotationally connected to the inside of the tray in the same way as the anchoring of the bottom of the anchor hole, for example, the tension rod is rotationally connected to the inside of the tray through a pressure bearing. This arrangement is similar to the principle of the reference (CN 1898456 a) in that the expansion sleeve is expanded by manual pre-rotation of the anti-pulling rod, whereas we have realized the expansion of the expansion sleeve by the displacement of the rock mass by the speed increasing mechanism, since the adaptive anchoring device has a related structure in the reference, the structure of the adaptive anchoring device itself is not the gist of the protection of the present utility model. When the tension rod rotates to be arranged on the tray, the speed increasing mechanism drives the tension rod to accelerate movement when the rock-soil body moves, and the tension rod drives the expansion sleeve to accelerate expansion, so that the effects of a certain movement amount for the rock-soil body and the larger the displacement amount, the tighter the bottom anchoring are achieved.

When the driving wheel and the driven wheel are arranged as synchronous wheels, the vertical height of the teeth of the synchronous wheels is larger than the height of the synchronous belt, so that the synchronous belt is given a margin for up-and-down movement. When the driving wheel and the driven wheel are gears, the vertical heights of the two gears can be adapted to the relative displacement allowance between the two gears.

The following is a description of a specific use of the utility model with respect to one embodiment of the bottom anchoring of the tension rod.

The expansion sleeve 11 according to the utility model has an expansion effect, the circumference of its tubular inner cavity surrounding the tension rod 2 and being very free to bond with the tension rod 2 without clasping the tension rod 2. Friction fit is formed between the expansion sleeve 11 and the side wall of the anchor hole 1 where it is located, so that the expansion sleeve 11 will not follow the rotation when the anti-pull rod 2 is rotated.

According to the utility model, the insertion wedge body 12 is in threaded fit with the tensile rod 2, a part of the insertion wedge body 12 enters the inner cavity of the expansion sleeve 11 to form friction fit, so that when the tensile rod 2 rotates, the insertion wedge body 12 cannot rotate along with the tensile rod 2, threads are formed between the insertion wedge body 12 and the tensile rod 2 to be screwed, the insertion wedge bodies 12 at two ends of the expansion sleeve 11 move towards the inside of the expansion sleeve 11, and the insertion wedge body 12 is in a truncated cone shape and is in a truncated cone shape, so that the expansion sleeve 11 is continuously expanded in the process of moving the insertion wedge body 12 towards the expansion sleeve 11, the extrusion force between the expansion sleeve 11 and the wall of the anchor hole 1 is increased, and the anchoring effect is increased.

The driving screw 5 in the utility model is a large-pitch screw, and when the driving screw 5 moves along the axial direction, the driving wheel 6 matched with the driving screw can be driven to rotate. Because the upper end of the driving screw 5 is fixed on the surface of the rock-soil body, when the surface of the rock-soil body is displaced, the driving screw 5 can be driven to move outwards, the driving wheel 6 is connected with the anti-pulling rod 2 through the fixing seat 7, the fixing rod 9 and the connecting seat 8, the lower end of the anti-pulling rod 2 is anchored in the anchor hole 1, and therefore, the surface of the rock-soil body moves outwards and does not cause the axial movement of the driving wheel 6. The driving wheel 6 and the driven wheel 3 can be connected by a gear, a chain or a synchronous belt 13, and the rotation speed of the driving wheel 6 is lower than that of the driven wheel 3 in any connection, for example, when the driving wheel 6 and the driven wheel 3 are both synchronous belt 13 wheels and are connected by the synchronous belt 13, the number of teeth of the driven wheel 3 is smaller than that of the synchronous wheel. When the driving wheel 6 is driven to rotate by the driving screw 5, the driving wheel 6 drives the driven wheel 3 to rotate at a speed which is twice as high as that of the driven wheel 3, the driven wheel 3 is fixed on the anti-pulling rod 2, and the anti-pulling rod 2 is rotationally connected in the anchor hole 1, so that the driven wheel 3 can drive the anti-pulling rod 2 to rotate, the rotation of the anti-pulling rod 2 can drive the insertion wedge bodies 12 to axially move, and at the moment, the insertion wedge bodies 12 at the two ends of the expansion sleeve 11 move towards the inside of the expansion sleeve 11, so that the expansion sleeve 11 is expanded. The rotation speed ratio of the driven wheel 3 and the driving wheel 6 can be 2 times, 3 times, even 10 times, and the like. The purpose of the speed doubling is that when the rock-soil body is slightly deformed, the driven wheel 3 rotates at the speed doubling, so that the expansion sleeve 11 rapidly presses the side wall of the anchor hole 1, and the anchoring effect is enhanced. As another embodiment, a plurality of mounting holes 4 may be disposed around the anchor hole 1, each mounting hole 4 is internally provided with a driving screw 5, the driving screw 5 is matched with a driving wheel 6, and the plurality of driving wheels 6 are meshed with a driven wheel 3, at this time, the driving wheels 6 and the driven wheel 3 may be gears, only the number of teeth of the driving wheels 6 is greater than that of the driven wheel 3, and the surrounding plurality of driving wheels 6 are meshed with the driven wheel 3, so that when the rock-soil body moves, the driven wheel 3 is jointly driven by the plurality of driving wheels 6 to rotate, the rotating force of the anti-pull rod 2 is increased, and the extrusion force applied to the side wall of the anchor hole 1 by the expansion sleeve 11 is further increased.

In addition, the adaptive fastening device in the anchoring bolt can be arranged at least at the bottom of the anchor hole 1 and at least at the upper part of the anchor hole 1, so that after the expansion sleeves 11 press the side wall of the anchor hole 1, the upper expansion sleeve 11 and the lower expansion sleeve 11 can fasten the displacement of the breaking position of the soil layer between the two expansion sleeves 11. The expansion sleeve 11 at the lower end now corresponds to the anchoring point. As another embodiment, the adaptive fastening device may have a plurality of expansion sleeves 11 axially arranged on the tension rod 2, when the tension rod 2 rotates, the expansion sleeves 11 on the tension rod 2 can simultaneously press the side wall of the anchor hole 1, the tension force is such that the extrusion force between the side wall of the anchor hole 1 and the expansion sleeves 11 forms a friction force to prevent the side wall of the anchor hole 1 from moving, the friction force between the expansion sleeves 11 and the insertion wedge 12 prevents the expansion sleeves 11 from moving, and the insertion wedge 12 and the tension rod 2 are in threaded fit, so that the tension rod 2 prevents the insertion wedge 12 from moving, the lower end of the tension rod 2 is anchored at the bottom of the anchor hole 1, and the anchoring end at the bottom of the anchor hole 1 prevents the tension rod 2 from moving. When a potential moving surface of the rock-soil body occurs between the expansion casings 11, where the side walls of the anchor openings 1 in the lower part of the potential moving surface do not move, the pressing and friction forces between the expansion casings 11 and the anchor openings 1 in the lower part of the potential moving surface form anchor points. The provision of a plurality of adaptive anchoring heads enables the internal multipoint fastening of the anchor hole 1, and no matter between which two adaptive anchoring devices the breaking of the rock-soil mass occurs, the extrusion between the plurality of expansion casings 11 and the anchor hole 1 of the lower part of the potential moving point of the rock-soil mass forms an anchoring point, so that the multipoint anchoring and the multipoint fastening of the upper part of the potential moving surface are achieved. Further increasing the anchoring effect.

A stop ring 14 with a larger diameter is arranged at the end of the insertion wedge 12 facing away from the expansion sleeve 11, the diameter of the stop ring 14 being larger than the diameter of the cylindrical part of the insertion wedge 12, so that the insertion wedge 12 is prevented from being fully inserted into the expansion sleeve 11.

The insertion wedge 12 is provided with at least one clamping strip 17 extending from the small round end of the truncated cone part to the tail part of the cylinder, and the expansion sleeve 11 is internally provided with a clamping groove 18 which is matched with the clamping strip 17 and axially penetrates through the expansion sleeve 11. The arrangement is such that the insertion wedge 12 can normally axially displace, but the cooperation of the clamping groove 18 and the clamping strip 17 prevents the insertion wedge 12 from rotating, so that the rotation of the tension rod 2 can not drive the rotation of the insertion wedge 12, and the insertion wedge 12 can only axially move under the action of the screw thread. The card bar 17 can be fully inserted into the card slot 18.

Claims (6)

1. The self-adaptive speed-increasing mechanism of the expansion anchoring device is characterized by comprising a tension rod (2) arranged in an anchor hole (1), wherein the tension rod (2) is rotationally connected in the anchor hole (1), at least one group of self-adaptive fastening devices are arranged on the tension rod (2), a driven wheel (3) is connected on the tension rod (2), a mounting hole (4) is formed in a soil body at one side of the anchor hole (1), a driving screw (5) is arranged in the mounting hole (4), a driving wheel (6) is in threaded fit with the driving screw (5), the driving screw (5) is provided with a structure capable of driving the driving wheel (6) to rotate when the driving screw (5) axially moves, the lower end of the driving wheel (6) is rotationally connected with a fixed seat (7) sleeved on the driving screw (5), the driving wheel (7) can vertically and freely move in an inner hole of the fixed seat (7), a connecting seat (8) is rotationally sleeved on the tension rod (2), a driving wheel (6) is connected between the fixed seat (7) and the driving wheel (8) through a fixed rod (9), and the driven wheel (6) is in a structure with high rotation speed and the driven wheel (3).

The upper end of the driving screw (5) is fixedly provided with a fixed disc (10) fixed on the surface of the rock-soil body;

When the tension rod (2) rotates, the expansion sleeve (11) of the self-adaptive fastening device can be driven to expand outwards to extrude the hole wall of the anchor hole (1).

2. The self-adaptive speed-increasing mechanism of the expansion anchoring device according to claim 1, wherein the driving wheel (6) and the driven wheel (3) are synchronous wheels, the synchronous teeth number of the driving wheel (6) is more than that of the driven wheel (3), and the driving wheel (6) and the driven wheel (3) are connected through a synchronous belt (13).

3. An adaptive speed increasing mechanism of an expansion anchor according to claim 1, wherein the driving wheel (6) and the driven wheel (3) are gears, the number of teeth of the driving wheel (6) is greater than the number of teeth of the driven wheel (3), and the driving wheel (6) and the driven wheel (3) are meshed together.

4. An adaptive speed increasing mechanism of an expansion anchor according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of adaptive fastening means are axially arranged on the tension rod (2) at intervals.

5. An adaptive speed increasing mechanism for an expansion anchor according to claim 1, wherein at least two of said adaptive fastening means are provided, at least one being placed at the bottom of the anchor hole (1) and at least one being placed at the top of the anchor hole (1).

6. An adaptive acceleration mechanism of an expansion anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the tension rod (2) is sleeved with a tray (15) covering the surface of the rock-soil body, and the tension rod (2) above the tray (15) is screwed with a nut (16).