CN221285948U - Anastomat for breaking extractor of separation instrument in root canal - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an anastomat used for breaking an extractor of a separation instrument in a root canal, which is a cone and is provided with an axial cavity, wherein the cross section of the front end of the anastomat is smaller and is matched with the diameter of a root canal orifice in an operation, the cross section of the axial cavity is a special-shaped cross section so as to be matched with the cross section of a broken object, at least two axial open grooves with set lengths are formed in the side wall of the cone of the anastomat from the front end to the rear, and conical threads are arranged on the peripheral surface of the anastomat; two planes which are parallel to each other are arranged on the outer wall of the anastomat to form a spanner fixing part. The clamping nut is matched, the broken object in the root canal can be tightly clamped through the tip end of the clamp holder by rotating the clamping nut, and then the spanner fixing part is matched with a spanner to rotate the anastomat, so that the broken object can be safely, conveniently and laborsaving taken out from the root canal.

Description

Anastomat for breaking extractor of separation instrument in root canal

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an oral appliance, in particular to a root canal fracture extraction appliance, and particularly provides an anastomat used for fracture in a root canal separation appliance extractor.

Background

The root canal treatment is a common treatment method for treating oral pulp and periapical diseases, and a nickel titanium file is required to be used for cleaning infected pulp in a root canal and forming a root canal system in the root canal treatment process. Nickel-titanium files perform different functions in treatment, and are generally divided into 4 steps: 1. the root canal orifice is enlarged to form a linear passage; 2. cleaning and preparing 1/3 of the crown of the root canal; 3. cleaning and preparing 1/3 of the root canal; 4. cleaning and shaping 1/3 of root tip of root canal. Each treatment requires four steps above to complete. All the nickel-titanium files used in the treatment process are large-taper files, namely 04-taper files (namely, the length is increased by 1mm each time, the diameter is increased by 0.04mm each time), so that the infection of the side wall of the root canal can be ensured to be cleared, and in the preparation process, the large-taper nickel-titanium files are large in pressure on the side wall of the root canal, are easy to embed when the tooth tissue on the side wall of the root canal is twisted and cut, and further can be broken. Broken instruments prevent the removal of the infected pulp, affecting the therapeutic effect and even leading to failed tooth extraction.

The incidence of nickel-titanium file breakage was counted from literature reviews to be about 0.4% -23%. Wherein the breakage rate at 1/3 of the root neck is about 12.5%. The break length may be full length, or a portion of the length, with the removal of a full length break being most difficult. If the part of the length is broken, the broken object is less than 1/3 of the root and is thinner, and the sleeve instrument can be taken out, but if the whole length is broken, the broken object fills the whole root canal, the upper end is thicker, and the existing sleeve instrument can not be used. In addition, removal of the breaking instrument is typically accomplished by first removing the dental tissue surrounding the breaking instrument, exposing at least 1/3 of the coronal side of the breaking length, and the breaking of greater than 5.7mm requires the combination of additional removal instruments to remove the broken nickel titanium file. This results in a significant loss of dental tissue, a decrease in dental resistance, and a significant amount of time.

It is thus clear how it is possible to design a stapler of the extractor which can well enclose and stably fix the breaking instrument, and is of great importance for the extraction of the breaking object.

In order for the extractor's stapler to grasp the break, it is generally necessary to drill the root canal hole to expose the break inside and then clamp it out with a clamp. This procedure has a large damage to the teeth. To avoid such damage to the teeth, some extractors are disclosed in the prior art.

For example, patent publication CN 204798039U discloses a permanent magnet root canal separating instrument extractor, which comprises a casing, a permanent magnet is arranged in the casing, a magnetizer is arranged at the front end of the casing, and the magnetizer is used for contacting with broken objects in the root canal to extract the instrument. The anastomotic structure of the extractor for grabbing the broken objects needs to have a larger contact area with the upper end of the broken objects so as to suck out the broken objects in the root canal with enough magnetic force, and the section of the upper end of the broken objects in the root canal is very small, so that the effect of extracting the broken objects in the root canal by the extractor is poor.

In addition, according to the utility model disclosed in CN 213372614U, an extractor for an intra-canal separation instrument is provided, which uses two steel wires as an anastomotic structure to fix a drill in the canal, and then uses external force to extract the drill left in the canal. Such extractor is suitable for the case where the end of the broken object is exposed outside the root canal orifice, but the case where the end is submerged in the root canal orifice is not suitable.

In addition, many extractors of the prior art use a simple pull-out method to remove the break in the root canal. The clamping head of the clamp for the operation is a relatively openable and closable two-piece clamping plate, the clamping plate is controlled by hands to clamp the upper end of a broken object to pull out, the anastomotic structure is used for treating the non-smooth side surface of the outer side surface of an instrument such as a drill needle, the drill needle or a nickel titanium file is always clamped in the root canal when being broken and is fixedly clamped with the inner wall of the root canal, therefore, the clamping head is directly pulled outwards, the taking-out difficulty is relatively high, the problem that the lower part of the broken object is broken again in the taking-out process and the broken object is difficult to take out is caused, in addition, the section of the nickel titanium file which is used at present is mostly a special-shaped section, and the clamp with the simple two-piece clamping plate anastomotic structure is difficult to clamp the broken object.

Disclosure of utility model

The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an anastomat used for breaking an extractor of an separation instrument in a root canal, which can stably clamp the end of a broken object by matching with a clamping nut and can completely take out the root canal by matching with a spanner to provide a larger torque.

The purpose of the utility model is realized in the following way:

The anastomat is a cone and has an axial cavity, the front end of the anastomat has a smaller section, the section is matched with the caliber of the root canal in operation so as to be capable of penetrating into the root canal orifice, the section of the axial cavity of the front end of the anastomat is a section matched with the shape and the size of the section of the broken object so as to be matched with the section of the broken object, at least two axial open grooves with set length are formed on the side wall of the cone of the anastomat from the front end backwards, so that the anastomat has opening and closing elasticity in the radial direction, conical threads are arranged on the peripheral surface of the anastomat, and two planes which are parallel to each other are arranged on the outer wall of the anastomat, thereby forming a spanner fixing part.

The clamping nut is screwed with the conical thread in a matched manner, the clamping nut rotates to enable the open slot on the anastomat to shrink, reversely rotate and expand, so that the anastomat clamps or loosens broken objects in the root canal;

The wrench comprises a handle, one end of the handle is provided with a closed jaw formed by transverse perforation or a semi-open jaw formed by a C-shaped opening, and the closed jaw is matched with the wrench fixing part on the anastomat, so that the jaw of the wrench is sleeved on the wrench fixing part of the anastomat, and the anastomat can rotate by rotating the wrench.

Preferably, in the anastomat, the wrench fixing part is arranged behind the conical threads, and the rear end of the axial open groove is stopped in front of the wrench fixing part.

Preferably, anti-slip tooth slots are provided on the surface of the wrench-securing portion of the stapler.

Preferably, the length of the stapler from the foremost end of the tapered thread to the front end of the stapler is 3 to 4.5cm.

Preferably, the cross section of the axial cavity in the stapler may be: 3-6 axial open slots are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the cone in a round shape; the axial open slot is formed in the side wall of the cone corresponding to the three vertex angles of the triangle. It may also be: and the side walls of the cone corresponding to one group of opposite sides of the rectangle are provided with the axial open grooves. The axial open slot is formed in the side wall of the cone corresponding to the two opposite angles of the parallelogram, which is smaller than 90 degrees.

Preferably, the opening depth of the axial open groove is greater than or equal to the depth of the axial cavity.

Preferably, the width of the axial open groove may be 0.3-0.5mm.

Preferably, the front end of the anastomat is 0.8mm in outer diameter after being gathered.

Preferably, the anastomat is divided into a plurality of petals due to the opening of the axial open groove, and the maximum thickness of each petal is 0.3mm at least at the front end of the anastomat.

Preferably, the section of the axial cavity of the anastomat is triangular, at least the front end of the anastomat, and the inner triangular side surface can be an inward convex arc surface, a concave arc surface or a straight surface.

Preferably, the axial cavity section of the anastomat is rectangular, at least the front end of the anastomat and the inner rectangular side surface are rectangular, the side surface on the short side is a straight surface, and the side surface on the long side is a concave straight surface.

Preferably, the axial cavity section of the anastomat is parallelogram, at least the front end of the anastomat, the side face on the short side of the inner side is an inward concave arc face, and the side face on the long side is a straight face.

Preferably, the axial space section of the anastomat is parallelogram, and the two axial open grooves are positioned on the same diameter of the outer circumference of the anastomat.

According to the anastomat for breaking the extractor of the separation instrument in the root canal, the axial open groove and the conical threads are formed in the side wall of the cone, the clamping nut is matched, a broken object in the root canal can be tightly clamped through the tip of the clamp holder by rotating the clamping nut, and then the spanner fixing part is matched with a spanner to rotate the anastomat, so that the broken object can be safely, conveniently and laborsaving to be taken out from the root canal. By matching the anastomat with the cross sections of the circular, triangular, rectangular and parallelogram three axial cavities, the instrument with almost all cross section shapes in the prior art, in particular to a large-taper nickel-titanium file, can be covered. Therefore, the anastomat in the extractor can safely and rapidly extract the broken objects in the root canal.

The utility model is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a construction of a stapler for breaking off a extractor for a separation instrument in a root canal according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the main cross-sectional structure of the stapler of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the extractor of the stapler assembly incorporating the clamping nut and the wrench;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the main cross-sectional structure of the extractor of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cross-sectional view of a circular axial cavity of the stapler of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a triangular axial cavity of a stapler according to the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an axial cavity of an inwardly convex curved triangle of the stapler;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an axial cavity of a concave cambered triangle of the stapler;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a parallelogram-shaped axial cavity of a stapler according to the present utility model;

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an axial cavity of a concave curved parallelogram of a stapler in a extractor;

FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a straight rectangular axial cavity of the present stapler;

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an axial cavity of the concave cambered surface rectangle of the present stapler;

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional shape of a Profile instrument;

FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a K3 instrument;

FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a Hero642 apparatus;

FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a ProTaper instrument;

FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a WaveOne instrument;

FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a ProTaper Universal instrument;

FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a Mtwo & Reciproc instrument;

FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a ProTaper Next instrument.

Detailed Description

Referring now to figures 1 and 2, there is shown an embodiment of a stapler 2 for breaking off an extractor of an intra-osseous separation instrument, the stapler 2 being of a conical shape 21 and having an axial cavity 22, the stapler having a smaller cross section at its front end, adapted to the diameter of an operative root canal to enable penetration into the canal orifice, the cross section of the axial cavity at the front end of the stapler 2 being adapted to the shape and size of the cross section of the break in order to match the cross section of the break. At least two axial open grooves 23 with set length are formed on the side wall of the cone 21 of the anastomat 2 from the front end to the back, so that the anastomat has opening and closing elasticity in the radial direction, the opening depth of the axial open grooves 23 is equal to the depth of the axial space, or the depth of the axial open grooves 23 can be deeper; a tapered thread 24 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the stapler 2. Two planes parallel to each other are provided on diametrically opposite outer walls of the stapler 2, constituting a wrench fixing portion 25.

In cooperation with the stapler, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a clamping nut 3 is screwed on the conical outer wall of the stapler 2 through a conical thread 24, and rotates towards the front end of the stapler to enable the open slot 23 to shrink, rotate reversely and expand, so that the stapler clamps or loosens the broken object in the root canal; two planes parallel to each other are arranged on the radially opposite outer walls of the rear part of the anastomat 2 to form the wrench fixing part 25, and the broken line in fig. 2 is a part where the tail part of the cone is cut out by processing two opposite planes.

The wrench 1 comprises a handle 11 matched with the anastomat, one end of the handle 11 is provided with a closed jaw 12 formed by transverse perforation, and the closed jaw is matched with a wrench fixing part 25 on the anastomat 2, so that the jaw 12 of the wrench is sleeved on the wrench fixing part 25 of the anastomat, and the anastomat 2 can rotate by rotating the wrench.

In the stapler 2, a wrench fixing portion 25 is provided behind the tapered thread 24 of the screw-on clamp nut 3, and the rear end of the axial opening groove 23 is stopped in front of the wrench fixing portion 25.

The wrench 1 may be a ratchet wrench, with the connection portion 11 of the ratchet wrench being connected to the wrench fixing portion 25 of the stapler.

An anti-slip spline 26 is provided on the surface of the wrench fixing portion 25 of the stapler 2.

The length of the stapler 2 between the foremost end of the set conical thread 24 to the front end of the stapler is 3-5.5 cm, so that the length of the stapler, which in operation is deep into the patient's mouth, is 2-3.5 cm without the clamping nut entering the mouth. In addition, this length has a further effect: for adults, the opening degree is about 3.7-4.5cm, the distance between the upper and lower anterior teeth is gradually reduced to about 2-3cm in the posterior teeth area, so the limitation can ensure that the minimum opening degree of the anterior teeth is suitable for the 3.5-4.5 cm length of the anastomat to extend into the oral cavity on the premise that the locking nut does not enter the oral cavity of a patient, and the minimum opening degree of the posterior teeth is suitable for the 2-3cm length of the anastomat to extend into the oral cavity. If this length is too long, the operator's grip stability may be deteriorated.

The cross section of the axial cavity 22 in the stapler 2 may be: four axially open slots 23 are evenly distributed in the wall of the cone 21, circular, as shown in fig. 5, which can accommodate the removal of broken objects of circular cross section, such as a pin drill. The existing anastomosis member has a circular three-jaw design, and the existing patent literature has a multi-jaw circular design: two-jaw and four-jaw (jaw hole diameter is 0.2-0.6mm,0.4-0.8mm, jaw length is 3-5mm, jaw thickness is 0.2 mm), but such anastomat cannot be firmly grasped because the shape of the anastomat is not well matched with the section of the traditional large-taper nickel-titanium file shown in figures 13-20.

As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, the cross section of the axial cavity 22 in the anastomat 2 is triangular, as shown in fig. 6, the side walls of the cone 21 corresponding to the three vertex angles of the triangle are respectively provided with the axial open grooves 23, and the width of the axial open grooves 23 can be 0.3-0.5mm. If the axial opening groove 23 is too wide, the folded shape is bad, and the clamping effect is bad, but if it is too narrow, the elasticity is bad, and the broken end cannot be well surrounded. Specifically, the cross section of the axial cavity is triangular and can be divided into a right triangle (see fig. 6), an inner convex triangle (see fig. 7) and an inner concave triangle (see fig. 8), and the external diameter d of the anastomat after the front ends are gathered is 0.8mm, so that the anastomat can be well applied to nickel-titanium files with the external Profile similar to the triangle, for example, the anastomat with the inner convex triangle shown in fig. 7 is suitable for taking out the Profile shown in fig. 13 and the ProTaper Universal nickel-titanium file shown in fig. 18. The concave cambered triangle anastomat shown in fig. 8 is suitable for taking out K3 shown in fig. 14, proTaper shown in fig. 16, hero642 shown in fig. 15 and WaveOne nickel-titanium file shown in fig. 17, and of course, the straight triangle anastomat has a relatively simple structure and has quite satisfactory effect on taking out ProTaper shown in fig. 16.

In order to be able to easily open the several petals of the stapler 2, which are separated by the axially open slot, and to have a sufficient clamping force after closure, the maximum thickness of each petal is 0.3mm, at least at the front end of the stapler. For a triangular cross-section stapler, the maximum distance from the straight or convex or concave front end to the outer edge of the cone is 3mm.

The corresponding triangular cross-section of the axial cavity 22 allows the periphery of such nickel titanium file breaks to be enclosed in the axial cavity, and the three sides of the stapler 2 can be in contact with the triangular-like outer wall of the break, so that when the stapler 2 is clamped by the clamping nut, the contact surface of the break and the stapler can generate a certain pressure, and the clamping is tight.

The section of the axial cavity 22 in the anastomat 2 can also be a parallelogram, as shown in fig. 9, the four sides of the anastomat are all straight-sided, the outer diameter d of the anastomat after the front ends are folded is 0.8mm, as shown in fig. 10, the side surface of the inner short side is an inward concave arc surface, the side surface of the long side is a straight surface, the wall of the cone 21 is provided with two axial open grooves 23 corresponding to two acute angles, the central lines of the two axial open grooves 23 are on the same diameter, and the arc surface is away from the outer circumference. The width of the axially open slot 23 may be 0.3-0.5mm. The stapler shown in fig. 8 is more suitable for removing Mtwo & Reciproc nickel titanium file breaks as shown in fig. 19.

The axial cavity 22 in the anastomat 2 can also be rectangular, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the side wall of a group of conical bodies with opposite sides corresponding to the rectangle is provided with the axial open groove 23, the width of the axial open groove 23 can be 0.3-0.5mm, the outer diameter d of the front end of the anastomat after being folded is 0.8mm, four sides shown in fig. 11 are all straight surfaces, the side surface of the short side of the inner side of the axial cavity shown in fig. 12 is an inward concave arc surface, the side surface of the long side is a straight surface, and the radial thickness from the inner side surface of the short side to the outer peripheral surface is 0.3mm. Such a stapler, particularly as shown in fig. 12, is suitable for removing ProTaper Next nitinol file breaks as shown in fig. 18.

The utility model can be provided with a set of anastomat 2 comprising the axial cavities with the above-mentioned several special-shaped cross sections. When the nickel-titanium file with any section is broken in the root canal, the anastomat with the corresponding axial cavity section shape is matched with the clamping nut 3, and then the spanner 1 is installed, so that the broken object in the root canal can be taken out.

The cross-sectional morphology and diameter of the different roots of each tooth are different, for example mandibular molar: the cross section of the root neck is elliptical and is about 3-8mm, and the cross section decreases towards the root tip. The maximum diameter of the nickel titanium file is about 0.8-1.56mm. According to the anastomat in the extractor, the slightly folded end can be inserted into the root canal to sleeve the broken object, then the end with the outer diameter of 0.8mm after the anastomat is folded is clamped to the maximum, the cross section shape of the axial cavity is very matched with the end face of the broken object, the outer diameter is larger after the anastomat is opened under the action of the longitudinal axial opening groove 23, in operation, the clamping nut is matched with the rotation to obtain the proper cross section size of the axial cavity at the front end, the end is stretched into the root canal, the broken end of the full-length broken nickel-titanium file is stably wrapped, the clamping nut is rotated, the end of the broken object can be firmly clamped, and the anastomat is rotated by the spanner, so that the broken object of the nickel-titanium file can be taken out from the root canal very easily.

The sectional shapes of various axial cavities of the anastomat are well reduced into triangle, parallelogram and rectangle, so that the anastomat can be suitable for taking out eight special-shaped section large taper nickel-titanium file broken objects used in root canal in the prior art, the extractor is simple and convenient, and compared with the prior art that the clamp force is controlled by forceps to clamp the broken objects in root canal, the anastomat is more stable and not easy to fall off. The limit of the distance between the front end of the conical thread on the anastomat and the front end of the anastomat ensures that only the anastomat with proper length is arranged in the oral cavity of a patient, can be well adapted to the opening degree of the patient, and can reduce the uncomfortable feeling in the operation of the patient. Therefore, the anastomat provided by the utility model can be widely applied to the extraction of various broken objects of the root canal treatment instruments by using a plurality of special-shaped sections, and the requirements of the extraction of the broken objects can be basically met by preparing a plurality of anastomat.

Claims (10)

1. A stapler for breaking off a extractor of a separation instrument in a root canal, characterized in that: the axial cavity of the front end of the anastomat is a section of the front end of the anastomat, which is smaller than the diameter of a root canal in operation, and is a section of the front end of the anastomat, which is a section of the front end of the anastomat so as to be matched with the section of a broken object, at least two axial open grooves with set length are formed on the side wall of the cone of the anastomat from the front end backwards, so that the anastomat has opening and closing elasticity in the radial direction, conical threads are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the anastomat, and two planes which are parallel to each other are arranged on the outer wall of the anastomat, so as to form a spanner fixing part.

2. The stapler for breaking off the extractor of the separation instrument in the root canal according to claim 1, wherein: the wrench fixing part is arranged behind the conical threads, and the rear end of the axial open groove is stopped in front of the wrench fixing part.

3. The stapler for breaking off the extractor of the separation instrument in the root canal according to claim 1, wherein: and an anti-slip tooth socket is arranged on the surface of the wrench fixing part.

4. The stapler for breaking off the extractor of the separation instrument in the root canal according to claim 1, wherein: the length between the foremost end of the conical thread of the anastomat and the front end of the anastomat is 3 cm to 4.5cm.

5. The stapler for breaking off the extractor of the separation instrument in the root canal according to claim 1, wherein: the section of the axial cavity is as follows: 3-6 axial open slots are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the cone in a round shape; or alternatively

The special-shaped section of the axial cavity is triangular, and the side wall of the cone corresponding to the three vertex angles of the triangle is provided with the axial open slot; or alternatively

The special-shaped section of the axial cavity is rectangular, and the side wall of the cone corresponding to one group of opposite sides of the rectangle is provided with the axial open slot; or alternatively

The special-shaped section of the axial cavity is a parallelogram, wherein the angle of two opposite angles is larger than 90 degrees, and the side wall of a cone corresponding to the parallelogram, which is smaller than 90 degrees, of the two opposite angles is provided with the axial open slot.

6. The stapler for breaking off the extractor of the separation instrument in the root canal according to claim 1, wherein: the opening depth of the axial open groove is larger than or equal to the depth of the axial cavity.

7. The stapler for breaking off the extractor of the separation instrument in the root canal according to claim 1, wherein:

The width of the axial open groove is 0.3-0.5mm; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The outer diameter of the front end of the anastomat after being gathered is 0.8mm; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The axial open slot is formed in the anastomat, so that the anastomat is divided into a plurality of petals, and the maximum thickness of each petal is 0.3mm at least at the front end of the anastomat.

8. The stapler for breaking off the separation instrument remover within a root canal of claim 5, wherein:

The section of the axial cavity of the anastomat is triangular, at least the front end of the anastomat, and the side face of the triangle on the inner side is an inward convex arc face, or an inward concave arc face, or a straight face.

9. The stapler for breaking off the separation instrument remover within a root canal of claim 5, wherein: the section of the axial cavity of the anastomat is rectangular, at least the front end of the anastomat and the rectangular side surface of the inner side are rectangular, the side surface of the short side is a straight surface, and the side surface of the long side is a concave straight surface.

10. The stapler for breaking off the separation instrument remover within a root canal of claim 5, wherein: the axial cavity section of the anastomat is parallelogram, at least the front end of the anastomat, the side face of the inner short side is an inward concave arc face, and the side face of the long side is a straight face; and/or the number of the groups of groups,

The axial space section of the anastomat is parallelogram, and the central lines of the two axial open grooves are positioned on the same diameter of the outer circumference of the anastomat.