CN2212772Y

CN2212772Y - Electronic compass

Info

Publication number: CN2212772Y
Application number: CN 94224393
Authority: CN
Inventors: 霍宴宾
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1994-07-22
Filing date: 1994-07-22
Publication date: 1995-11-15
Anticipated expiration: 2004-07-22

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electronic compass which belongs to an electron compass. The utility model uses a hall element as a magneto sensor, and the hall element is arranged on a rotary table to output the alternating signal. The zero crossing point of the alternating signal is processed into a trigger pulse by adopting a zero crossing detection processing circuit, and the utility model is also provided with a trigger circuit for detecting the further known orientation. Two kinds of trigger signals can carry out analogue display or digital display of the azimuthal angle after processed by an RS trigger. The utility model has high detection sensitivity for the azimuthal angle, visual display, and convenience for extending function, and the precision can reach +-1 DEG.

Description

Electronic compass

The utility model relates to a kind of electronics orientation angle device, belongs to the electronic compass technical field.

Know that to desiring direction and ground magnetic south (north) utmost point angle are the measurement of deflection, generally adopting with the needle at present is the magnetic compass of core, this class device is afraid of to rock, to keep certain levelness during use, use inconvenient in multiple occasion, for example: on the common vehicles, the measurement mechanism of this precision just is difficult to find its suitable working environment.Other are the direction instrument of core with the north arrow, because the orientation measurement precision is too low, and still can not be as the deflection survey instrument.

The purpose of this utility model is to disclose a kind of precision height and electronics orientation angle device easy to use.

Task of the present utility model realizes by the following method.

The Hall element of a rotation, the magnetic flux plane parallel of its rotation and Hall element.

A described hall element output signal treatment circuit comprises the zero cross detection circuit of this signal and the positioning detecting circuit of a predetermined direction at least.

For increasing the sensitivity of existing Hall element, the improvement technical scheme that the utility model provides be the symmetria bilateralis on above-mentioned rotary body Hall element magnetic flux plane a pair of magnetic conductor is set, pass the magnetic figure of Hall element with increase, increase the output signal of Hall element.

When the sensitivity of single Hall element can not be satisfied it and requires, a plurality of Hall element single-pieces according to its magnetic flux plane parallel permutation and combination, can be arranged on the rotary body output signal serial connection of each Hall element single-piece.

Mechanism of the present utility model is to utilize Hall element as magneto sensor; It is rotated in earth magnetism, and the output alternating signal improves the sensitivity that detects earth magnetism north and south magnetic polarity orientation with zero cross detection circuit.With above-mentioned technology is the electronics orientation angle device of basic engineering, angular resolution can be controlled in ± 1 degree within, temperature is floated low, is not afraid of the shake rolling, can make the deflection measurement result in the analog or digital mode easily and show.Or bearing signal combined with displacement signal, by Computer Processing, do the electronic navigation and the monitoring of mobile thing.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is specified.

Fig. 1: for a kind of be the direction device structural representation that angle shows with the analog form.

Fig. 2: be the A-A view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 and Fig. 4: be two kinds of array modes of Hall element.

Fig. 5: be the signal processing circuit block diagram.

Fig. 6: be the main circuit schematic diagram.

Fig. 7: be counter front end circuit schematic diagram.

Hall element 1 is located on the rotating disk 2 among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, and tubular shaft 3 one ends of rotating disk 2 are in transmission connection through gear 4 and

motor

5, and 3 of tubular shafts are held on the frame 6.The magnetic conduction face and the parallel axes of Hall element 1 are provided with symmetrical fan-shaped magnetic conductor 7 in magnetic conduction face both sides, are used for increasing the ground magnetic flux that passes Hall element 1.Magnetic conductor is made with electrician's soft iron or siliconized plate.Below tubular shaft 3, be provided with counting and trigger probe LB with zero passage location photoelectricity, be provided with counting is provided with orientation, a pair of detection location in the outer rim of rotating disk 2 with orientation triggering probe LA and location washer 8.

photoelectric probe

9,10 in the outside of frame 6, luminotron 9 is in the below of location washer 8, and photoelectric tube 10 is in the top.Counting is with the position and luminotron 9 corresponding settings of orientation triggering probe LA.Brush pole 11 is connected with tubular shaft 3, connects for the circuit on the rotating disk provides power supply.

The unappropriated sector space of rotating disk 2 is for being provided with electronic circuit and element usefulness, and the light emitting diode 12 of wherein one group of radial array shows as the deflection simulation.

Grating dish 13 and the corresponding luminotron that is provided with 14 constitute a grating detection agency with photoelectric probe 15 among the figure, demarcate as the unit quantity of angle or angular displacement.

Except the magnetic conductor with fan-shaped setting increases the detection sensitivity of Hall element, also can adopt a plurality of Hall elements method that be arranged in parallel, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.Each Hall element 1 is provided with magnetic flux face superposition among Fig. 3, and each Hall element is arranged in rows with the magnetic flux face among Fig. 4.Nature Hall element superposition with embark on journey the mode of permutation and combination, and set up the sensitivity that method such as fan-shaped magnetic conductor all can increase magneto sensor effectively behind a plurality of Hall element superposition again.The signal output of each Hall element single-piece is connected in series.

Another characteristics of the present utility model are the alternating signal employing zero cross detection circuits to magneto sensor output, and circuit block diagram as shown in Figure 5.The alternating signal of rotation Hall element 1 output is after voltage amplification and zero cross detection circuit 21 processing, to trigger pip of trigger circuit 22 inputs.Other has one tunnel orientation triggering circuit 24 to trigger circuit 22 another trigger pips of input.The pulse of trigger circuit 22 output reflection orientations and magnetic north pole angular separation is used for the control azimuth angle mould and intends display circuit 23, from the also exportable control signal for counter or other monitoring usefulness of this circuit.

Fig. 6 is the main circuit schematic diagram.

The alternating signal of Hall element 1 output is through capacitor C 1 among the figure, and the voltage amplifier circuit that feedback resistance R1 and amplifier A1, A2 form amplifies, by output capacitance C2 pulse signal of rest-set flip-flop input to one two Sheffer stroke gate U1a and U1b composition.When amplifying circuit input signal zero passage, the rate of change maximum of its voltage, each cycle is just obtaining the output of A2 accordingly, anti-phase two spike pulses, wherein negative pulse makes the R end zero setting of rest-set flip-flop, zero passage detection principle that Here it is.

The photoelectric probe D4 and the BG2(that survey the orientation, location are 9 among Fig. 1,10) every through locating plate washer once, just export a high level pulse, this pulse is handled through the monostable circuit that U2b, C4, U2a and resistance R 3, R2 form, anti-phase through U2c again, export the S end of a low level pulse to rest-set flip-flop.The output high level of the output terminal Q of this rest-set flip-flop makes the BG1 conducting through U1c, U1d shaping, is serially connected in 6 luminotron D(in the collector loop and is the parts 12 among Fig. 1) luminous.Another light emitting diode D3 is used for triggering probe LB emission light signal to photoelectricity.

Hall element 1 can be selected SC3503 for use in this circuit, and transport and placing device can be selected TL084 or LM324 for use, and integrated circuit U1 is 74LS00, and U2 is 74LS14.

The course of work is as follows, and it is every through the one-time positioning plate washer to be located at photoelectric probe on the rotating disk, the S of rest-set flip-flop end input low level, and Q end output high level makes on the rotating disk luminotron 12 luminous.When the Hall element zero passage, low level pulse triggers rest-set flip-flop R end, makes the Q end be low level, and luminotron 12 extinguishes.Protractor is just represented angle between an orientation and magnetic pole with fan-shaped light-emitting zone like this, and a limit of angle is for desiring to know direction, and another side is the magnetic north pole direction.

Function for the direction of expansion protractor, make it have the digitized processing ability, except exporting a zero cross fired signal to LB from above-mentioned main circuit, and utilize outside orientation triggering signal of the luminotron D4 output of the probe LA on being located at the instrument sidewall simultaneously, also need the signal of an expression angular unit amount, this signal can utilize the grating detection agency to realize.As 360 ° of grating dish 13 every rotations of being connected with tubular shaft 3 among Fig. 1, photoelectric probe 15 sends the pulse of specified quantities, and number of pulses is identical with light hole number on the grating dish 13.

Orientation triggering probe LA is through low level position pulse of not gate U3a output among Fig. 7; Same zero cross fired probe LB is through low level zero-crossing pulse of not gate U3b output.These two rest-set flip-flops that the pulse input is made up of Sheffer stroke gate U4a and U4b, desire to know the high digit pulse of direction and magnetic north pole angle to expression of an input end output of Sheffer stroke gate U4c, another input end a of Sheffer stroke gate U4c connects above-mentioned raster probe, the output terminal b of U4c is the train of impulses of an expression corner dimension like this, can be used as the counter input signal.Handle to negative edge pulse that supplies counter to lock usefulness of c end output through the monostable circuit and the not gate U3e of U3c and U3d formation from the low level that another output terminal of rest-set flip-flop is exported, delay time after not gate U3f exports a rising edge pulse that supplies counter O reset to use at the d end through R4, C5 again.Three of above-mentioned b, c and d output pulse realizes the numeral demonstration of direction-finding except direct enter counter, also can be as the angle signal source of the computer supervisory control system of mobile object.This signal combines with the displacement signal of mobile object, promptly realizes the automatic monitoring to mobile object, for example auto navigation, taxi dispatching etc.

Claims

1, a kind of electronics orientation angle device is a magneto sensor with the Hall element, it is characterized in that:

(1) described Hall element is located on the rotary body, the magnetic flux plane parallel of rotation and Hall element;

(2) described hall element output signal treatment circuits comprise the zero cross detection circuit of this signal at least, also comprise the positioning detecting circuit of a predetermined direction.

2,, it is characterized in that being provided with a pair of magnetic conductor at described Hall element magnetic flux plane monosymmetric by the described electronics orientation angle of claim 1 device.

3,, it is characterized in that described Hall element is arranged in a combination according to its magnetic flux plane parallel by a plurality of single-pieces, the output signal serial connection of each single-piece by the described electronics orientation angle of claim 1 device.

4, by claim 1,2 or 3 described electronics orientation angle devices, it is characterized in that the zero crossing circuitry in the described signal processing circuit is a differential amplifier circuit, by input capacitance (C1), amplifier (A1, A2), feedback resistance (R1) and output capacitance (C2) are formed, transfer the zero cross signal of alternation input signal to spike pulse output, described orientation triggering circuit be input as the location photoelectric probe of being located on the orientation angle device, this input signal is handled the back through a single-shot trigger trigger (U2a, U2b) and is exported.

5, by the described orientation angle device of claim 4, it is characterized in that described signal processing circuit also comprises RS trigger circuit, with described zero cross fired pulse and orientation triggering burst process is a deflection pulse, the switching tube (BG1) of a simulation display circuit of this trigger action, demonstration luminotron (D) in this simulation display circuit is serially connected with in the collector loop of switching tube (BG1), these luminotrons (D) according to radial array on rotating disk (2).