CN221078654U - External water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure based on borehole water level water pressure observation - Google Patents
External water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure based on borehole water level water pressure observation Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 226
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an external water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure based on borehole water level water pressure observation, and relates to the field of hydrogeology and engineering geology investigation. The system comprises the earth surface, an aquifer, a first drilling hole and a second drilling hole; the first borehole and the second borehole include three structures; in the first structure, the first drilling is a vertical drilling, and the second drilling is a horizontal drilling; in the second structure, the first drilling is a vertical drilling, and the second drilling is a horizontal drilling; in a third configuration, the first and second bores are both horizontal bores. The method has the advantages of accurate and reliable result, and effectively solves the problem of how to verify the accuracy of the outdoor water pressure reduction coefficient of the underground tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of hydrogeology and engineering geology investigation, in particular to an external water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure based on borehole water level water pressure observation.
Background
Tunnel and other underground engineering construction, groundwater is a major disadvantage factor that cannot be avoided; external water pressure caused by underground water, especially the deeper the burial depth of the cavern, the larger the external water pressure, has great influence on the design scheme, construction period and operation period safety of the underground cavern support lining.
The external water pressure is the product of the total head water column pressure of the underground cavity and the external water pressure reduction coefficient, so that the external water pressure reduction coefficient is determined as basic data for calculating the external water pressure, and is also a main task for hydrogeology and engineering geology investigation of the underground cavity.
In the existing technical standards, no rule is specified for specifying a test method of an external water pressure reduction coefficient; at present, the engineering world considers two factors of groundwater activity state and water-bearing band permeability, namely, the external water pressure reduction coefficient is valued between 0 and 1; the method is an empirical value, and different engineers propose external water pressure reduction coefficients with different sizes based on respective cognition of geological conditions, so that external water pressure cannot be accurately obtained, and particularly the external water pressure of a deep buried underground cavity is larger in difference and even shows an order of magnitude difference.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop an external water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure for accurately verifying the empirical value of the external water pressure reduction coefficient in the early stage of engineering construction of the underground cavern.
Disclosure of utility model
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the background technology and provide an external water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure based on the water pressure observation of the water level of a drilling hole.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: external water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure based on borehole water level water pressure observation, including earth's surface and water-bearing zone, its characterized in that: the drill further comprises a first drill hole and a second drill hole;
The first and second bores include three structures; in the first structure, the first drilling hole is a vertical drilling hole, the second drilling hole is a horizontal drilling hole, gao Chengda of the first drilling hole reveals the height of the position of the water-bearing zone in the second drilling hole, a water level observation pipe is arranged in the first drilling hole, and the bottom of the water level observation pipe is inserted into the water-bearing zone; a hollow steel pipe is arranged in the second drilling hole, one end of the hollow steel pipe is inserted into the water-bearing belt, and the other end of the hollow steel pipe extends out of the second drilling hole and is connected with the pressure gauge;
In a second structure, the first drilling hole is a vertical drilling hole, the second drilling hole is a horizontal drilling hole, gao Chengxiao of the first drilling hole reveals the height of the position of the water-bearing zone in the second drilling hole, a water level observation pipe is arranged in the first drilling hole, and the bottom of the water level observation pipe is inserted into the water-bearing zone; a hollow steel pipe is arranged in the second drilling hole, one end of the hollow steel pipe is inserted into the water-bearing belt, and the other end of the hollow steel pipe extends out of the second drilling hole and is connected with the pressure gauge;
In a third structure, the first and second boreholes are both horizontal boreholes, the first borehole revealing an elevation of the aquifer position Gao Chengxiao at the second borehole revealing the aquifer position; hollow steel pipes are arranged in the first drilling hole and the second drilling hole, one end of each hollow steel pipe is inserted into the water-bearing belt, and the other end of each hollow steel pipe extends out of the second drilling hole and is connected with the pressure gauge.
In the technical scheme, in the first structure, the second structure and the third structure, the outer diameter of the hollow steel pipe is smaller than the diameter of the horizontal drilling hole, the depth of the hollow steel pipe inserted into the water-bearing zone exceeds 1/2 of the horizontal thickness of the water-bearing zone, and a rubber plug water stop is arranged between the hollow steel pipe and the horizontal drilling hole so as to prevent water in the water-bearing zone from seeping out from the space between the steel pipe and the horizontal drilling hole.
In the above technical solution, in the first structure, the second structure, and the third structure, the drilling diameters of the first drilling hole and the second drilling hole are 75-150mm.
In the above technical scheme, in the first structure and the second structure, the diameter of the water level observation pipe is smaller than that of the first drilling hole, the depth of the pipe bottom of the water level observation pipe inserted into the water-bearing zone exceeds 1/2 of the vertical thickness of the water-bearing zone, and a rubber plug water stop is arranged between the water level observation pipe and the first drilling hole so as to prevent ground water in surface water or other water-bearing layers from being mixed into the water-bearing layer.
In the above technical solution, the first drilling hole and the second drilling hole in the first structure, the second structure and the third structure are all arranged on one vertical section.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
The utility model verifies three structures of external water pressure reduction coefficients, and the external water pressure reduction coefficients are verified by observing the water pressure of one horizontal drilling hole and the water level of the other vertical drilling hole or the water pressures in the two horizontal drilling holes by implementing exploration drilling holes; the utility model has the advantages that the result obtained by checking the underground cavity lining outside osmotic pressure monitoring result in the construction period is accurate and reliable, and the problem of how to verify the accuracy of the outdoor water pressure reduction coefficient of the underground cavity is effectively solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first structure in the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second structure in the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third structure in the present utility model.
The underground water level stabilizing device comprises a ground surface 1, a water-containing zone 2, a first drilling hole 3, a second drilling hole 4, a water level observing pipe 5, a hollow steel pipe 6, a pressure gauge 7, a rubber plug 8 and a stable underground water level 9.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the utility model is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, but is made merely by way of example. While the advantages of the utility model will become apparent and readily appreciated by reference to the following description.
As can be seen with reference to the accompanying drawings: external water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure based on borehole water level water pressure observation, including earth's surface 1 and water-bearing zone 2, its characterized in that: also comprising a first borehole 3 and a second borehole 4;
The first borehole 3 and the second borehole 4 comprise three structures; in the first structure, the first drilling hole 3 is a vertical drilling hole, the second drilling hole 4 is a horizontal drilling hole, gao Chengda of the first drilling hole 3 for revealing the position of the water-bearing zone 2 is arranged at the elevation of the second drilling hole 4 for revealing the position of the water-bearing zone 2, a water level observation tube 5 is arranged in the first drilling hole 3, and the bottom of the water level observation tube 5 is inserted into the water-bearing zone 2; a hollow steel pipe 6 is arranged in the second drilling hole 4, one end of the hollow steel pipe 6 is inserted into the water-bearing belt 2, and the other end extends out of the second drilling hole 4 and is connected with a pressure gauge 7;
In the second structure, the first drilling hole 3 is a vertical drilling hole, the second drilling hole 4 is a horizontal drilling hole, gao Chengxiao of the first drilling hole 3 revealing the position of the water-bearing zone 2 reveals the elevation of the position of the water-bearing zone 2 in the second drilling hole 4, a water level observation tube 5 is arranged in the first drilling hole 3, and the bottom of the water level observation tube 5 is inserted into the water-bearing zone 2; a hollow steel pipe 6 is arranged in the second drilling hole 4, one end of the hollow steel pipe 6 is inserted into the water-bearing belt 2, and the other end extends out of the second drilling hole 4 and is connected with a pressure gauge 7;
In the third structure, the first drilling hole 3 and the second drilling hole 4 are horizontal drilling holes, and Gao Chengxiao of the position of the water-bearing zone 2 is revealed by the first drilling hole 3 and the elevation of the position of the water-bearing zone 2 is revealed by the second drilling hole 4; hollow steel pipes 6 are arranged in the first drilling hole 3 and the second drilling hole 4, one end of each hollow steel pipe 6 is inserted into the water-bearing belt 2, and the other end of each hollow steel pipe extends out of the second drilling hole 4 and is connected with the pressure gauge 7.
In the first, second and third structures, the outer diameter of the hollow steel pipe 6 is smaller than the diameter of the horizontal drilling hole, the depth of the hollow steel pipe 6 inserted into the water-bearing zone 2 exceeds 1/2 of the horizontal thickness of the water-bearing zone 2, and a rubber plug 8 is arranged between the hollow steel pipe 6 and the horizontal drilling hole for water stop. The rubber stopper 8 is intended to prevent water in the water-bearing zone 2 from oozing out from the space between the hollow steel pipe 6 and the wall of the horizontal borehole; the manometer 7 is used to test the external water pressure of the horizontal borehole revealing the position of the aquifer 2.
In the first structure, the second structure and the third structure, in order to facilitate water level observation and drilling construction, the diameters of the first drilling holes 3 and the second drilling holes 4 are 75-150mm; the drilling depths of the first drilling hole 3 and the second drilling hole 4 at least need to take the complete water-bearing zone 2 as control, when drilling in the water-bearing zone 2, clear water needs to be used as flushing fluid, and mud drilling is forbidden; the first drilling hole 3 and the second drilling hole 4 should be immediately washed with clean water after drilling the final holes so as to clean rock powder and soil in the holes.
In the first structure and the second structure, the diameter of the water level observation pipe 5 is smaller than that of the first drilling hole 3, and the depth of the water level observation pipe 5 inserted into the water-containing belt 2 is more than 1/2 of the vertical thickness of the water-containing belt 2; in order to prevent surface water or groundwater of other aquifers from being mixed into the aquifer 2, a rubber plug 8 is arranged between the water level observation pipe 5 and the first drilling hole 3 for stopping water; in order to prevent the water level observation tube 5 from being blocked, protective measures are needed to be taken at the tube orifice of the water level observation tube 5.
The first drilling 3 and the second drilling 4 in the first, second and third configurations are each arranged on one vertical section.
In the first, second and third structures, the relative height of the position of the water-bearing belt 2 revealed by drilling is divided into an upper drilling hole and a lower drilling hole; in the first configuration, the position of the water-bearing zone 2 revealed by the first borehole 3 (point a) is higher than the position of the water-bearing zone 2 revealed by the second borehole 4 (point B); in the second configuration, the second borehole 4 reveals a higher position of the aqueous zone (point D) than the first borehole 3 reveals a position of the aqueous zone 2 (point C); in the third configuration, the second borehole 4 with the higher position of the water band (point F) is shown as the upper horizontal borehole, and the first borehole 3 with the lower position of the water band (point E) is shown as the lower horizontal borehole.
In the first configuration, the external water pressure of the position (point B) of the water-bearing zone 2 is revealed for the second borehole 4 by the external water pressure reduction coefficient k=100deg.P B/Hw;PB of the water-bearing zone 2, the external water pressure is read by the pressure gauge 7, and the unit is megapascals; h w is the vertical height in meters of the stable groundwater level 9 observed by the water level observation tube 5 in the first borehole 3, which reveals the groundwater full head height of the position (point B) of the water-bearing zone 2 for the second borehole 4.
In the second configuration, the external water pressure of the position (point D) of the water-bearing zone 2 is revealed for the second borehole 4 by the external water pressure reduction coefficient k=100deg.P D/Hw;PD of the water-bearing zone 2, and is read by the pressure gauge 7 in megapascals; h w is the vertical height in meters of the stable groundwater level 9 observed by the water level observation tube 5 in the first borehole 3, which reveals the groundwater full head height of the position (point D) of the water-bearing zone 2 for the second borehole 4.
In a third configuration, the outside water pressure reduction factor k=100 for the water band 2 (P E－PF)/Hc;PE is the outside water pressure for the first borehole 3 revealing the position of the water band 2 (point E), in mpa with the pressure gauge 7 reading in this borehole, P F is the outside water pressure for the second borehole 4 revealing the position of the water band 2 (point F), in mpa with the pressure gauge 7 reading in this borehole, and H c is the vertical height for the second borehole 4 revealing the position of the water band 2 (point F) and the first borehole 3 revealing the position of the water band 2 (point E), in meters.
The utility model verifies three structures of external water pressure reduction coefficients, and the external water pressure reduction coefficients are verified by observing the water pressure of one horizontal drilling hole and the water level of the other vertical drilling hole or the water pressures in the two horizontal drilling holes by implementing exploration drilling holes; the utility model has the advantages that the result obtained by checking the underground cavity lining outside osmotic pressure monitoring result in the construction period is accurate and reliable, and the problem of how to verify the accuracy of the outdoor water pressure reduction coefficient of the underground cavity is effectively solved.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, the second structure of the present utility model is mainly implemented as follows:
Observing an aquifer 2 on the ground surface 1, wherein the aquifer 2 is a fault with a large scale, the fault fracture zone is about 10m in the exposed width of the ground surface 1, the fault is basically distributed along the trend of the slope, and the fault surface is inclined in the slope; two drilling holes are arranged on a vertical section perpendicular to the trend of the side slope, a second drilling hole 4 with a horizontal drilling direction is positioned on the outer side of the side slope, and a first drilling hole 3 with a vertical downward drilling direction is positioned on the inner side of the side slope.
The elevation of the orifice of the second drilling hole 4 is 438.00 meters, and the water-bearing zone 2 (point D) is revealed after 423.4 meters are drilled; the first borehole 3 has an orifice elevation of 865.21 m, and after 764.08 m drilling, reveals an aqueous zone 2 (point C), which has an elevation of 101.13 m (865.21-764.08). The second borehole 4 reveals the position of the water-bearing zone 2 (point D) higher and the first borehole 3 reveals the position of the water-bearing zone 2 (point C) lower, depending on the relative height of the positions of the water-bearing zones revealed by the boreholes, so the second borehole 4 is the upper borehole and the first borehole 3 is the lower borehole.
The first drilling hole 3 and the second drilling hole 4 have the opening diameter of 150 mm and the final hole diameter of 75 mm, and the drilling depths respectively uncover the complete water-bearing belt 2. When drilling in the water-bearing zone 2, clean water is used as flushing fluid, and slurry drilling is not used; and (3) immediately flushing the hole with clear water after drilling the final hole so as to clean rock powder and soil in the hole.
After the second drilling 4 is completed, a hollow steel pipe 6 with a rubber plug 8 at one end for water stopping and a pressure gauge 7 at the other end is arranged in the second drilling, the outer diameter of the hollow steel pipe 6 is 30 mm, and the depth of the hollow steel pipe 6 entering the water-bearing zone 2 is 8.2 meters (more than 1/2 of the horizontal thickness of the water-bearing zone); the purpose of the rubber stopper 8 is to prevent water in the water-bearing zone 2 from oozing out from the space between the hollow steel pipe 6 and the wall of the second bore hole 4; the manometer 7 was used to test the second borehole 4 to reveal the external water pressure at the position of the aquifer 2 (point D).
After the implementation of the first drilling hole 3 is completed, a water level observation pipe 5 is installed in the water level observation pipe, the diameter of the water level observation pipe 5 is 50mm, and the bottom of the water level observation pipe 5 enters the water-bearing zone 2 for 7m (more than 1/2 of the vertical thickness of the water-bearing zone 2); in order to prevent surface water or groundwater of other aquifers from being mixed into the aquifer 2, a rubber plug 8 is adopted between the water level observation pipe 5 and the first drilling hole 3 for stopping water; in order to prevent the blockage in the pipe, protective measures are needed to be taken at the pipe orifice of the water level observation pipe 5.
Observing the external water pressure of the second drilling hole 4 and the water level of the first drilling hole 3, wherein P D is the external water pressure of the position (point D) of the water-bearing zone 2 revealed by the second drilling hole 4, and reading 1.1 megapascals by adopting a pressure gauge 7; the stable groundwater level 9 observed by the water level observation pipe 5 in the first drilling hole 3 is 752.29 m; h w is the second borehole 4 revealing the groundwater full head height at the position of the aquifer 2 (point D), which is equal to the difference 314.29 meters between the groundwater level and the elevation of the orifice of the second borehole 4 (752.29-438.00). The formula of the second structure of the utility model is adopted to calculate the water pressure reduction coefficient outside the water band, namely K=100deg.P D/Hw =100deg.C 1.1/314.29 =0.35.
The utility model has the advantages that the result obtained by checking the underground cavity lining outside osmotic pressure monitoring result in the construction period is accurate and reliable, and the problem of how to verify the accuracy of the outdoor water pressure reduction coefficient of the underground cavity is effectively solved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the third structure of the present utility model is mainly implemented as follows:
The third structure is to perform external water pressure reduction coefficient verification using two horizontal bores, and the sizes of the first bore 3 and the second bore 4 in this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the second bore 4 in embodiment 1.
The elevation of the orifice of the second drilling hole 4 is 2812.33 meters, and the position (point F) of the water-bearing belt 2 is revealed after the drilling hole is drilled for 123.1 meters; the first borehole 3 has an orifice elevation of 2714.30 meters and reveals the position of the aquifer 2 (point E) after drilling 241.7 meters. The second borehole 4 reveals a higher position of the aquifer 2 (point F) and the lower horizontal borehole reveals a lower position of the aquifer 2 (point E).
Observing the external water pressure of the first drilling hole 3 and the second drilling hole 4, wherein P F is the external water pressure of the second drilling hole 4 at the position (point F) of the water-bearing zone 2, and reading 0.6 megapascal by adopting a pressure gauge 7 in the drilling hole; p E is the external water pressure of the position (point E) of the water-bearing zone 2 revealed by the first drilling hole 3, and the reading of 1.3 megapascals is carried out by adopting the pressure gauge 7 in the drilling hole; h c shows the vertical height of the water band position (point F) for the second borehole 4 and the water band position (point E) for the first borehole 3, which is equal to the difference between the elevation of the orifices of the first borehole 3 and the second borehole 4 of 98.03 meters (2812.33-2714.30). The formula of the third structure of the utility model is adopted to calculate the water pressure reduction coefficient outside the water band, namely K=100 (P E－PF)/Hc =100× (1.3-0.6)/98.03=0.71.
The utility model has the advantages that the result obtained by checking the underground cavity lining outside osmotic pressure monitoring result in the construction period is accurate and reliable, and the problem of how to verify the accuracy of the outdoor water pressure reduction coefficient of the underground cavity is effectively solved.
Other non-illustrated parts are known in the art.
Claims (5)
1. External water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure based on borehole water level water pressure observation, including earth's surface (1) and water-bearing zone (2), its characterized in that: the drilling device also comprises a first drilling hole (3) and a second drilling hole (4);
The first borehole (3) and the second borehole (4) comprise three structures; in the first structure, the first drilling hole (3) is a vertical drilling hole, the second drilling hole (4) is a horizontal drilling hole, gao Chengda of the first drilling hole (3) for revealing the position of the water-bearing zone (2) is arranged at the height of the second drilling hole (4) for revealing the position of the water-bearing zone (2), a water level observation pipe (5) is arranged in the first drilling hole (3), and the bottom of the water level observation pipe (5) is inserted into the water-bearing zone (2); a hollow steel pipe (6) is arranged in the second drilling hole (4), one end of the hollow steel pipe (6) is inserted into the water-containing belt (2), and the other end of the hollow steel pipe extends out of the second drilling hole (4) and is connected with a pressure gauge (7);
In a second structure, the first drilling hole (3) is a vertical drilling hole, the second drilling hole (4) is a horizontal drilling hole, gao Chengxiao of the first drilling hole (3) for revealing the position of the water-bearing zone (2) is arranged on the second drilling hole (4) for revealing the height of the position of the water-bearing zone (2), a water level observation pipe (5) is arranged in the first drilling hole (3), and the bottom of the water level observation pipe (5) is inserted into the water-bearing zone (2); a hollow steel pipe (6) is arranged in the second drilling hole (4), one end of the hollow steel pipe (6) is inserted into the water-containing belt (2), and the other end of the hollow steel pipe extends out of the second drilling hole (4) and is connected with a pressure gauge (7);
In a third structure, the first drilling hole (3) and the second drilling hole (4) are horizontal drilling holes, and the first drilling hole (3) reveals the height of the position of the water-bearing belt (2) from Gao Chengxiao to the second drilling hole (4); hollow steel pipes (6) are arranged in the first drilling holes (3) and the second drilling holes (4), one ends of the hollow steel pipes (6) are inserted into the water-containing belt (2), and the other ends of the hollow steel pipes extend out of the second drilling holes (4) and are connected with the pressure gauge (7).
2. The outside water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure based on borehole water level water pressure observation according to claim 1, wherein: in the first structure, the second structure and the third structure, the outer diameter of the hollow steel pipe (6) is smaller than the diameter of the horizontal drilling hole, the depth of the hollow steel pipe (6) inserted into the water-bearing belt (2) exceeds 1/2 of the horizontal thickness of the water-bearing belt (2), and a rubber plug (8) is arranged between the hollow steel pipe (6) and the horizontal drilling hole to stop water so as to prevent water in the water-bearing belt (2) from seeping out from the space between the hollow steel pipe (6) and the horizontal drilling hole.
3. The outside water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure based on the borehole water level water pressure observation according to claim 2, wherein: in the first, second and third configurations, the first and second bores (3, 4) have a bore diameter of 75-150mm.
4. The outside water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure based on borehole water level water pressure observation according to claim 3, wherein: in the first structure and the second structure, the diameter of the water level observation pipe (5) is smaller than that of the first drilling hole (3), the depth of the water level observation pipe (5) inserted into the water-bearing zone (2) exceeds 1/2 of the vertical thickness of the water-bearing zone (2), and a rubber plug (8) is arranged between the water level observation pipe (5) and the first drilling hole (3) to stop water so as to prevent groundwater in surface water or other water-bearing layers from being mixed into the water-bearing layer.
5. The outside water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure based on borehole water level water pressure observation according to claim 1, wherein: the first (3) and second (4) bores in the first, second and third configurations are each arranged in a vertical section.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202322979306.3U CN221078654U (en) | 2023-11-05 | 2023-11-05 | External water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure based on borehole water level water pressure observation |
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| CN202322979306.3U CN221078654U (en) | 2023-11-05 | 2023-11-05 | External water pressure reduction coefficient verification structure based on borehole water level water pressure observation |
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