CN220983636U - Display device, vehicle and vehicle-mounted system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a display device, a vehicle and a vehicle-mounted system, which can be applied to the fields of automobiles, aviation, aerospace, navigation and the like. The display device provided by the application has the advantages of compact volume, simple light path structure and better imaging quality. The display device provided by the application comprises: the device comprises a projection module, a deflection module, a first reflecting element and a second reflecting element. The projection module generates image light and projects the image light to the deflection module, the deflection module projects the image light incident from different positions onto the first reflection element at different target deflection angles, and then the first reflection element reflects the image light to the second reflection element and then the image light is reflected into human eyes through the second reflection element.

Description

Display device, vehicle and vehicle-mounted system

Technical Field

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of display and intelligent automobile driving, and particularly relates to a display device.

Background

In order to improve driving safety, head Up Displays (HUDs), particularly augmented REALITY HEAD up displays (AR-HUDs), have become a popular research direction. The AR-HUD can not only improve the driving potential safety hazard of a driver due to the low head band by projecting important information required by the driver onto the front windshield of the automobile. Meanwhile, the virtual image can be fused with the real scene around the automobile, so that a driver can see the virtual image fused with the real scene, and the visual effect of augmented reality is achieved.

In order to avoid glare caused by backward sunlight, it is generally necessary to make the direction of the imaging light emitted from the diffusion screen have a certain angle with respect to the normal direction of the diffusion screen. However, the imaging light entering the diffusion screen has an included angle with the normal direction of the diffusion screen, and the two included angles are different in size, so that the direction of the imaging light entering the diffusion screen and the direction of the imaging light exiting the diffusion screen cannot be matched, and the loss of light energy is caused. Currently, schemes for compensating for mismatching of front and rear end light paths (where the front end light path refers to a light path of imaging light emitted from a diffusion screen, and the rear end light path refers to a light path before the imaging light enters the diffusion screen) are mainly divided into two types, one type is that lenses, such as cylindrical lenses, are used in HUDs to correct angle differences of front and rear end image lights, as shown in fig. 2; another type is to employ a diffuser screen and image generation unit (picture generation unit, PGU) in an inclined arrangement, as shown in fig. 3. However, in the first embodiment, since the volume of the cylindrical lens is large and the cylindrical lens is generally thick, not only the HUD volume is increased, but also the definition of the displayed image is affected. In addition, the cylindrical lens also increases the reflecting surface, so that the glare probability during imaging is increased. In the second scheme, the inclined diffusion screen makes the imaging light exit obliquely, so that the uniformity of a virtual image generated by the imaging light is poor, and the brightness value is not high.

Therefore, how to reduce the volume of the HUD device while avoiding glare caused by backward sunlight and to improve the display effect is a problem to be solved.

Disclosure of utility model

The application provides a display device and a vehicle. The display device provided by the application has the advantages of compact volume, simple light path structure and better imaging quality.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display apparatus. The display device includes: the device comprises a projection module, a deflection module, a first reflecting element and a second reflecting element. The projection module is used for projecting image light to the deflection module; the deflection module is used for projecting the image light incident from different positions onto the first reflecting element at different target deflection angles; the first reflecting element is used for reflecting the image light emitted by the deflection module to the second reflecting element; the second reflecting element is used for reflecting the image light from the first reflecting element to human eyes.

Based on the above scheme, in the display device provided by the application, the deflection module can emit the image light incident from different positions at different target deflection angles, and the matching between the direction of the emitted image light and the direction of the incident image light is realized by controlling the emitted image light. Compared with the scheme of introducing a cylindrical lens in the light path, the deflection module can improve the light energy utilization rate, and further improve the imaging quality of the display device.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the deflection module is a first diffusion screen, a first surface of the first diffusion screen includes a first microstructure array, curvatures of a plurality of first microstructures of the first microstructure array in a first direction are different, and the first diffusion screen is specifically configured to: the image light incident at different positions is projected onto the first reflecting element at different target deflection angles along the first direction.

Based on the above scheme, in the display device provided by the application, the deflection module is designed as the first diffusion screen, and the change of the emergent direction of the image light is realized through the curvature of the first microstructure on the surface of the first diffusion screen, namely, the different deflection effects of the microstructures with different curvatures on the image light are realized, and the control of the emergent image light at the different microstructures is further realized. In the display device provided by the application, the first diffusion screen has the function of a common diffusion screen while adjusting the image light direction, namely, the first diffusion screen generates a relay image, serves as an enlarged image source of the display device, enlarges the diffusion angle of the display image, improves the view angle of the display device and the like. Therefore, compared with the scheme of introducing a cylindrical lens and the like into a display light path to adjust the image light direction element, the functions of the two devices can be simultaneously realized by only one device, so that the volume of the device can be greatly reduced, the energy loss is reduced, the problems of stray light and the like caused by the cylindrical lens are reduced, and the display device with better imaging quality and more compact volume is realized.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the curvature of the plurality of first microstructures of the first microstructure array in the second direction is different, and the first diffusion screen is further configured to: the outgoing direction of the image light is changed in the second direction.

Based on the scheme, the direction of emergent image light is changed in the first direction and the second direction through the first diffusion screen, so that the display device provided by the application is applicable to more scenes. Meanwhile, the first diffusion screen can change the emergent direction of the image light in multiple directions, so that the position layout of other elements in the display device is more flexible, and the design flexibility of the display device is further improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a thickness of the plurality of first microstructures of the first microstructure array in a third direction is different.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the thickness of any two adjacent first microstructures in the first microstructure array is different.

The thicknesses of any adjacent first microstructures on the first surface of the first diffusion screen in the display device are designed to be different, so that diffraction effect brought by each first microstructure can be reduced, and the purpose of improving the imaging quality of the display device is achieved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, two of the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first microstructure array is a first microlens array.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the surface shape of the plurality of first microlenses in the first microlens array includes at least one of a convex surface and a concave surface.

In the display device provided by the application, when the first micro-structure array of the first diffusion screen is a micro-lens array, the surface of each micro-lens array forms a free-form surface. By designing the face shape of the microlens array to be at least one of convex or concave, the diversity and flexibility of the design of the display device are increased.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a boundary shape of the plurality of first microlenses is irregular.

The irregular boundary shape can reduce aberration, such as spherical aberration or distortion, when the micro lens is imaged, so that the aim of improving imaging quality is fulfilled. Meanwhile, the boundary shape irregularity of the micro lens has lower requirements on machining precision, so that the machining difficulty can be reduced, and the requirements on machining precision are lower.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a surface of each first microstructure in the first array of microstructures exhibits a concave-convex texture.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a curvature of a first microstructure in the first microstructure array is determined by an incident angle of the image light incident on the first microstructure, a deflection angle of the image light exiting the first microstructure, and a diffusion angle of the image light exiting the first microstructure, where the first microstructure is any one of the first microstructures in the first microstructure array.

The curvature of each first microstructure is determined through the incident angle of the incident light and the target deflection angle of the emergent light and the diffusion angle of the emergent light, so that the accurate regulation and control of image light can be realized, the utilization rate of light energy is improved, the effect of improving imaging brightness is achieved, and the aim of improving the imaging performance of the display device is fulfilled.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the deflection module includes a first fresnel lens and a second diffuser screen, wherein: the first surface of the first fresnel lens comprises a second microstructure array, curvatures of a plurality of second microstructures of the second microstructure array in a first direction are different, and the first fresnel lens is specifically used for: projecting the image light incident at different positions onto the second diffusion screen at different target deflection angles along the first direction; the second diffusion screen generates a relay image using the image light emitted from the first fresnel lens, and increases a diffusion angle of the image light emitted to the first reflective element.

The deflection module of the display device is designed to be a combination of the Fresnel lens and the diffusion screen, the control of the emergent direction of the image light is realized through microstructures with different curvatures on the surface of the Fresnel lens, and compared with optical elements such as a cylindrical lens, the Fresnel lens has higher imaging precision and better imaging effect, so that the effect of improving the performance of the display device is achieved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the curvature of the plurality of second microstructures of the second microstructure array in the second direction is different, and the first fresnel lens is further configured to: and projecting the image light incident at different positions on the second diffusion screen along the second direction at different target deflection angles.

By designing the first fresnel lens to change the exit deflection angle of the image light in two directions, the usage scene of the display device can be enlarged.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, each of the second microstructures in the second microstructure array is a bump structure, a slope of each of the bump structures is different, and/or a bump height of each of the bump structures is different.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the deflection module includes a second fresnel lens and a third diffuser screen, wherein: the first surface of the second fresnel lens comprises a third microstructure array, curvatures of a plurality of third microstructures of the third microstructure array in a first direction are different, and the second fresnel lens is specifically used for: projecting the image light incident at different positions onto the third diffusion screen at different target deflection angles along the first direction; the first surface of the third diffusion screen comprises a fourth microstructure array, curvatures of a plurality of fourth microstructures of the fourth microstructure array in a second direction are different, and the third diffusion screen is specifically used for: the image light incident at different positions is projected onto the first reflecting element at different target deflection angles along the second direction.

Based on the scheme, in the display device provided by the application, the Fresnel lens and the diffusion screen can realize the deflection effect on the light, so that the display device can distribute different deflection effects on the Fresnel lens and the diffusion screen according to the requirements of application scenes, and the display device provided by the application can be suitable for more application scenes.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, each third microstructure in the third microstructure array is a bump structure, a slope of each bump structure is different, and/or a bump height of each bump structure is different.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the second reflecting element is a convex mirror, a concave mirror, or a planar mirror.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle comprising a display device as in the first aspect and any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an in-vehicle system, including a display device as in the first aspect and any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a HUD device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a scheme for matching the direction of projection light and image light of a HUD device using a field lens.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a scheme for adjusting the direction of the projected light and the image light of the HUD device by rotating the image sensor and the diffusion screen simultaneously.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device 400 according to an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 5 is a side view of a first diffusion screen 500 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a side view of a second diffusion screen 600 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a front view of a third diffuser screen 700 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a side view of a fourth diffuser screen according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device 900 according to an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 10 is a side view of a first fresnel lens 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a front view of a second fresnel lens 1100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device 1200 according to an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a display device 400 according to an embodiment of the present application for avoiding glare caused by backward sunlight.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device 1400 according to an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 15 is a schematic circuit diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the application.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a possible functional framework of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The following description is made in order to facilitate understanding of embodiments of the present application.

The first, the text descriptions of embodiments of the application or the terms in the drawings described below, "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. and various numerical numbers are merely for descriptive convenience and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence or to limit the scope of embodiments of the application. For example, different microstructure arrays or different diffusion screens, etc.

The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," in the context of the second, following illustrated embodiment of the present application, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements that are expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Third, in embodiments of the application, the words "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean examples, illustrations, or descriptions, and embodiments or designs described as "exemplary" or "such as" should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. The use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete fashion to facilitate understanding.

Fourth, in the embodiment of the present application, image light refers to light carrying an image (or image information) for generating an image.

Fifth, in the drawings of the present application, the thickness, size, and shape of each optical element have been slightly exaggerated for convenience of explanation. Specifically, the shape of the optical element shown in the drawings is shown by way of example, and for example, the shape of the curved mirror in the present application is not limited to the spherical or aspherical shape shown in the drawings. Also, the drawings are merely examples and are not drawn to scale.

Sixth, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the present application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a HUD device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the HUD device is provided on an automobile. The HUD device is used to project status information of a vehicle, instruction information of external objects, navigation information, and the like, through a windshield of the vehicle in a visual field of a driver. Status information includes, but is not limited to, travel speed, mileage, fuel amount, water temperature, and lamp status, etc. The indication information of the external object includes, but is not limited to, safe car distance, surrounding obstacle, reversing image and the like. The navigation information includes, but is not limited to, directional arrow, distance, travel time, and the like.

The virtual images corresponding to the navigation information and the indication information of the external object can be superimposed on the real environment outside the vehicle, so that the driver can obtain the visual effect of augmented reality, and the virtual images can be used for augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) navigation, adaptive cruising, lane departure early warning and the like. Since the virtual image corresponding to the navigation information may be combined with the real scene, the HUD device is generally matched with an advanced driving assistance system (ADVANCED DRIVING ASSISTANT SYSTEM, ADAS) system of the automobile. In order not to disturb road conditions, the virtual image corresponding to the instrument information is usually about 2 meters to 3 meters from the human eye. In order to better integrate the virtual image corresponding to the navigation information with the real road surface, the distance between the virtual image corresponding to the navigation information and the human eye is generally about 7 meters to 15 meters. The position of the virtual image of the navigation information is called a far focal plane, and the plane of the virtual image of the instrument information is called a near focal plane.

Currently, research focus on HUD devices is mainly on avoiding sunlight backflow and reducing volume. In order to avoid glare caused by sunlight backflow, user experience is improved, and in the HUD device, the normal direction of the diffusion screen is usually set to be misaligned with the main direction of imaging light. For example, in conventional liquid crystal on silicon (Liquid Crystal On Silicon, LCoS) HUD devices and digital light processing (DIGITAL LIGHT Procession, DLP) HUD devices, the normal direction of the diffuser screen is typically at an angle of 15 ° to 30 ° to the main direction of the imaging light, but the main direction of the image light projected by the display chip toward the diffuser screen is typically less than or equal to 15 °, resulting in an inconsistent main direction of the image light entering the diffuser screen and the main direction of the image light exiting the diffuser screen, resulting in energy loss, affecting imaging quality. And in order to ensure the display effect of the HUD device, the angular arrangement between the PGU and the diffusion screen, and the angular arrangement between the diffusion screen and the reflective element (for reflecting image light into human eyes) need to strictly adhere to the design, resulting in limited spatial layout of the HUD device, and difficult reduction in volume. In order to compensate for such a design defect of the HUD device, in some schemes, a field lens, such as a lenticular lens, is introduced into the HUD device to correct the angle of the image light incident on the diffusion screen, and the schematic light path of the scheme is shown in fig. 2. In fig. 2, after the angle of the image light is corrected by the cylindrical lens, the main direction of the image light entering the diffusion screen is made to coincide with the main direction of the image light exiting the diffusion screen. However, in this solution, the cylindrical lens is thicker, which results in more space being required in the HUD device to accommodate the cylindrical lens, resulting in a larger volume of the HUD device, and at the same time, the thicker cylindrical lens also affects the resolution of the imaging. In addition, the cylindrical lens also increases the reflective surface of the system, resulting in stray light in the HUD device, increasing the glare probability. In order to avoid many of the disadvantages associated with the introduction of field lenses, in other embodiments, a tilted diffuser screen and PGU are used to eliminate the design disadvantages of HUD devices, as shown in fig. 3. In fig. 3, a beam-splitting prism is disposed between an image sensor LCoS or a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) and an imaging lens, and a diffuser screen is inclined by 15 ° in a clockwise direction, and an angle between the image sensor LCoS or the DMD and an optical axis is 87 °. Although this scheme does not introduce an additional field lens, the uniformity of the obliquely outgoing image light is poor after the image light passes through the obliquely placed diffusion screen, resulting in poor imaging quality.

In view of this, the present application provides a display device capable of reducing glare caused by sunlight flowing backward and improving display effect. Meanwhile, the volume of the HUD device can be compact, and the contradiction between the volume and the display effect in the current display device is overcome.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device 400 according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 4, the display device 400 includes a projection module 401, a deflection module 402, a first reflective element 403, and a second reflective element 404. Wherein the projection module 401 is configured to project image light to the deflection module 402. The deflecting module 402 is configured to change an outgoing direction of the incident image light, and project (specifically, fig. 4 is transmitted) the image light incident at different positions onto the first reflecting element 403 at different target deflecting angles. The first reflecting element 403 is configured to reflect the image light emitted from the deflecting module 402 to the second reflecting element 404. The second reflecting element 404 is for reflecting the image light from the first reflecting element 403 toward the human eye.

In the present disclosure, the use of the deflection module 402 to change the outgoing direction of the image light means that the deflection module 402 can make the direction of the principal ray in the incident image light different from the main direction of the outgoing image light, even if the direction of the principal ray deflects, so that the center of the light spot of the diffuse spot of the outgoing image light deflects with respect to the incident light. Illustratively, when the deflection module 402 is used to transmit image light (e.g., a scene as shown in fig. 4), the deflection module 402 is capable of deflecting the direction of the chief ray of the transmitted image light with respect to the incident direction at the time of incidence. When the deflecting module 402 is configured to reflect image light (such as a scene shown in fig. 12 below), the deflecting module 402 makes a reflection angle of a chief ray of the reflected image light different from an incident angle of the image light, that is, the deflecting module 402 deflects the chief ray of the reflected image light with respect to an incident direction at the time of incidence.

Alternatively, the deflection module 402 is a diffuser screen, or the deflection module 402 is a combination of fresnel lenses and diffuser screens.

Next, embodiments of the deflection module 402 provided by the present application are described in detail with reference to fig. 5 to 8. An embodiment of the present application provides a deflection module 402 that is a combination of a fresnel lens and a diffuser screen, as described in detail with reference to fig. 9-11.

It will be appreciated that when the deflecting element 402 is a diffuser, the deflecting element 402 has only one optical element, and the display device formed by the diffuser as the deflecting element 402 has the same structure as the display device shown in fig. 4.

Fig. 5 is a side view of a first diffusion screen 500 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the diffusion screen 500 includes a first surface 510 and a second surface 520, wherein the first surface 510 of the diffusion screen 500 includes a microstructure array 511, and a plurality of microstructures of the microstructure array 511 have different curvatures along a first direction (x-direction in fig. 5) of the diffusion screen 500. The diffusion screen 500 is used to change the direction of the outgoing image light in the first direction.

In the HUD system, the diffusion screen may generate a relay image using the image light and sufficiently disperse the incident image light to have an optical diffusion effect, that is, the diffusion screen may increase a diffusion angle of the outgoing image light. In the present embodiment, the diffusion screen 500 has not only the above-described function, but also a function of changing the direction of the outgoing image light in the first direction. Specifically, since the curvature of the plurality of microstructures of the diffusion screen 500 in the first direction is different, the deflecting effect of the microstructures of different curvatures on the incident image light from the PGU is different, so that the outgoing direction of the microstructure image light incident with different curvatures is different. The deflection effect of the microstructures with different curvatures on the incident image light means that the microstructures with different curvatures can change the direction of the principal ray in the incident image light, so that the direction of the principal ray deflects, and the light spot center of the diffuse spots of the light emitted by the different microstructures deflects relative to the incident light. Illustratively, as shown in fig. 5, the microstructure array 511 of the first surface 510 of the diffusion screen 500 includes 4 microstructures (such as microstructure #1, microstructure #2, microstructure #5, and microstructure #4 shown in fig. 5) along the x-direction of the diffusion screen, and the curvatures of the 4 microstructures are different, so that the directions of principal rays are deviated from the incident directions after the image light incident to the 4 microstructures passes through the 4 microstructures, and the deviation angles (such as α1, α2, α3, and α4 in fig. 5) are different.

It should be further noted that the curvature of each microstructure in the microstructure array is determined by the incident angle of the image light incident on each different microstructure, the deflection angle of the image light emitted from each microstructure, and the diffusion angle of the image light emitted from each microstructure. Illustratively, for microstructure #1, its curvature is determined by the incident angle β1, the inflection angle α1, and the diffusion angle γ1. Specifically, when the system requires that the deviation angle of the chief ray passing through the microstructure #1 is α1 and the diffusion angle is γ1, the angle parameter is preset in the optical path simulation system (for example zemax or codeV) in combination with the incident angle β1 when the image light emitted by the PGU in the HUD system enters the microstructure #1, and the curvature of the microstructure #1 along the first direction is obtained by optimization. Similarly, the curvature process for determining microstructure #2, microstructure #3, and microstructure #4 is the same as that for determining microstructure # 1. After the curvature of each microstructure is obtained, the surface processing parameters of the diffusion screen 300 may be further generated for processing. Optionally, the material of the diffusion screen 500 is polymethyl methacrylate (polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA), polycarbonate (polycarbonate, PC), optical glass, or the like, which is not limited by the present application.

Alternatively, the microstructure array 511 is a microlens array or a microstructure array having a surface with a concave-convex texture, which is not limited in the present application. Illustratively, when the micro structure array 511 is a micro lens array, the surface shape of each micro lens in the micro lens array may be a convex lens or a concave lens of a free-form surface, i.e., the surface shape of a plurality of micro lenses of the micro lens array includes at least one of a convex surface and a concave surface, as shown in fig. 7 described below. When the microstructure array 511 is a microstructure array having a surface with a concave-convex texture, a side view of the diffusion screen can be as shown in fig. 8.

Optionally, to further reduce the aberration introduced by the microstructures, the imaging quality is improved, and the boundary of each microstructure is designed to be irregularly shaped.

In some embodiments, to further enhance the utilization of the image light energy, the thickness of the plurality of microstructures in the microstructure array 511 may be designed to be different. In order to further reduce diffraction effects generated when each microstructure in the microstructure array 511 transmits image light, imaging quality is improved, and in a more severe scene, the thicknesses of any two microstructures may be designed to be different thicknesses. The thickness of the microstructure refers to the length of the microlens in the direction of the optical axis of the light diffusion screen (or the main optical axis direction of the HUD device), for example, the z-axis direction shown in fig. 5.

It will be appreciated that in the diffusion screen 500, only the curvature of 4 microstructures of the microstructure array 511 along the x-direction is illustrated as a different example. In other embodiments, the curvature of the plurality of microstructures of the diffusion screen provided by the present disclosure along the first direction is different, that is, the plurality of microstructures of the microstructure array may change in the first direction, which does not strictly require that the curvature of each microstructure in the first direction is different. For example, the curvature of any adjacent two microstructures in the first direction may be different, or the curvature between microstructures at any periodic intervals in the first direction may be different, or the like.

It should be further understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, when the diffusion screen 500 is used to change the direction of the outgoing image light in the first direction, the first direction may be any direction, that is, the first direction includes, but is not limited to, the x-axis direction shown in fig. 5, for example, the y-axis direction or other directions.

It should be noted that, the microstructure array of the diffusion screen provided by the present application is distributed on the first surface of the diffusion screen, that is, the microstructures are densely arranged on the first surface of the diffusion screen, as shown in fig. 7 below.

Fig. 6 is a side view of a second diffusion screen 600 according to an embodiment of the present application. Where (a) in fig. 6 is a side view of the diffusion screen 600 in plane xoz and (b) in fig. 6 is a side view of the diffusion screen 600 in plane yoz. The diffusion screen 600 includes a first surface 610 and a second surface 620, wherein the first surface 610 of the diffusion screen 600 includes a microstructure array 611, and a curvature of a plurality of microstructures of the microstructure array 611 is different along a first direction of the diffusion screen 600 (i.e., an x-direction shown in (a) of fig. 6), and a curvature of a plurality of microstructures of the microstructure array 611 is different along a second direction of the diffusion screen 600 (a y-direction shown in (b) of fig. 6), and the diffusion screen 600 is used to change a direction of outgoing image light in the first direction and the second direction at the same time.

The diffusion screen 600 is different from the diffusion screen 500 shown in fig. 5 in that the diffusion screen 600 can achieve a change in the direction of the outgoing image light in two directions. It will be appreciated that when the diffuser screen 600 of fig. 6 changes the direction of the exiting image light in two directions, then the curvature of the plurality of microstructures along the two directions of the array of microstructures included in the diffuser screen 600 is different. The deflection effect of each microstructure on the image light can be referred to the above description of fig. 5, and will not be repeated here. It will also be appreciated that fig. 6 only shows the change in direction of the chief ray caused by each microstructure.

It should be noted that, fig. 6 illustrates the diffusion screen 600 taking the first direction as the x direction and the second direction as the y direction as an example, that is, only an embodiment in which the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other is illustrated, and in other embodiments, the first direction and the second direction may be any other directions that do not overlap, which is not limited by the present application.

It will be appreciated that when the curvature of the plurality of microstructures of the diffusion screen 600 in the first direction or in the second direction is unchanged, that is, the curvature of the plurality of microstructures of the diffusion screen 600 in the first direction or in the second direction is the same, the diffusion screen 600 may be regarded as changing the direction of the image light in one direction, and at this time, the diffusion screen 600 may be regarded as the diffusion screen 500 shown in fig. 5, that is, the diffusion screen 500 may be regarded as a special form of the diffusion screen 600 shown in fig. 6.

It will also be appreciated that depending on the different use scenarios of the diffusion screen 600, the diffusion screen 600 may be designed such that the angle of deflection of the image by the plurality of microstructures in the first direction is the same as or different from the angle of deflection of the image by the plurality of microstructures in the second direction, and the present application is not limited.

In addition, for the description of the surface shape, boundary shape, thickness of each microstructure included in the microstructure array 611 of the diffusion screen 600, and other descriptions of the material of the diffusion screen 600, reference may be made to the relevant portions in fig. 5, which are not repeated here.

Fig. 7 is a front view of a third diffuser screen 700 according to an embodiment of the present application. In particular, the diffuser screen 700 is capable of changing the direction of the outgoing image light in both the x-direction and the y-direction, i.e., there is a change in curvature of the plurality of microstructures of the diffuser screen 700 in both the x-direction and the y-direction. As shown in fig. 7, a microlens array formed by densely arranging at least one free-form surface of concave and convex surfaces exists on the surface of the diffusion screen 700, wherein the boundary shape of each microlens is irregular and the thicknesses of adjacent lenses are different. When the image light is emitted from the z-axis, each microlens may change the direction of the emitted image light in both the x-direction and the y-direction. I.e. after exiting, a diffuse light spot is formed with a central direction along the x-direction and the y-direction and off-axis at the same time.

It is to be understood that fig. 7 shows only an embodiment in which the diffusion screen changes the outgoing direction of the image light in two perpendicular directions while the two directions are perpendicular to the thickness direction of the microstructure, but the present application is not limited thereto.

It should be noted that, the diffusion screen shown in fig. 5 to 8 is only shown in a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and the shape of the diffusion screen provided by the present application is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the diffusion screen may be circular (e.g., the diffusion screen is a cylinder with a relatively thin thickness), irregular, or the like.

When the deflecting element 402 is a combination of fresnel lenses and diffuser screens, the combination of fresnel lenses and diffuser screens together form the deflecting element 402, where there are two optical elements of the deflecting element 402. Illustratively, FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a display device 900 in which the combination of Fresnel lens and diffuser screen together form a deflecting element 402, wherein the deflecting element 402 is formed of a Fresnel lens 411 and diffuser screen 412.

In some embodiments, the light deflection effect of the deflecting element 402 is borne by the fresnel lens 411, at which time the diffuser screen 412 is used to generate a relayed image and increase the diffusion angle of the image light exiting to the first reflective element 403. In other embodiments, the light beam deflection effect of the deflecting element 402 may be tailored to different applications, with portions bearing on the fresnel lens 411 and the diffuser screen 412. Illustratively, when the deflecting module 402 is configured to project image light incident at different positions onto the first reflective element 403 at different target deflection angles along one direction, for example, the first direction, the fresnel lens 411 may be configured to, after projecting the image light onto the diffusion screen 412 at an angle smaller than the target deflection angle along the first direction, the diffusion screen 412 continuously deflects the image light along the first direction, and finally, the outgoing image light is projected onto the first reflective element 403 at the target deflection angle. When the deflection module 402 is configured to project image light incident at different positions onto the first reflective element 403 at different target deflection angles in two directions, the fresnel lens 411 may be configured to project the image light onto the diffusion screen 412 at the target deflection angle in a first direction, and the diffusion screen 412 is configured to project the image light onto the first reflective element 403 at the target deflection angle in a second direction. Or the fresnel lens 411 may be used to project the image light onto the diffusion screen 412 at an angle smaller than the target deflection angle in the first direction and the second direction, and the diffusion screen 412 changes the deflection angle of the image light in the first direction and the second direction at the same time so that the finally-emitted image light is projected onto the first reflective element 403 at the target deflection angle.

Fig. 10 is a side view of a first fresnel lens 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application, and the fresnel lens 1000 may be an example of the fresnel lens 411, and is applied to the display device shown in fig. 9. In fig. 10, fresnel lens 1000 includes a first surface 1010 and a second surface 1020. The first surface 1010 of the fresnel lens 1000 includes a microstructure array 1011, and the curvature of a plurality of microstructures of the microstructure array 1011 is different along the first direction (x direction in fig. 10) of the fresnel lens 411. The fresnel lens 1000 is used to change the direction of the outgoing image light in a first direction.

Specifically, in fresnel lens 1000, microstructures of different curvatures are used to change the principal direction of the image light, deflecting the principal direction of the exiting image light. The curvature of each microstructure is determined by the incident angle of the image light incident on each different microstructure, the deflection angle of the image light emitted by each microstructure and the diffusion angle of the image light emitted by each microstructure. For any one microstructure in the microstructure array 1011, the curvature may be determined as the slope and/or the protrusion height of the microstructure protrusion by the incident angle of the image light incident to the microstructure, the designed target deflection angle, and the designed target diffusion angle, for example.

It should be noted that, the fresnel lens 1000 may be used to completely change the angle of refraction of the outgoing image light, that is, the image light outgoing from different microstructures of the fresnel lens 1000 is outgoing to the diffusion screen 412 at the target angle of refraction, at this time, the diffusion screen 412 does not change the main direction of the incoming image light, that is, the diffusion screen 412 does not change the main direction of the outgoing image light or the fresnel lens 1000 may be used to partially change the angle of refraction of the outgoing image light. If the target deflection angle of the image light emitted from the deflection module 402 is the first direction shown in fig. 10, the image light emitted from the different microstructures of the fresnel lens 1000 is emitted at an angle smaller than the target deflection angle in the first direction, and at this time, the diffusion screen 412 continuously changes the deflection angle of the image light in the first direction, so that the image light emitted from the diffusion screen 412 is finally emitted at the target deflection angle. It will be appreciated that at this point, the diffuser 412 is not only used to generate a relayed magnified image to enhance the diffusion angle of the displayed image, but also to change the deflection angle of the exiting image light. Possible structures of the diffusion screen 412 may be referred to the above description of fig. 5 to 7, and will not be repeated here.

Alternatively, the material of the fresnel lens 1000 is PMMA, PC, optical glass, or the like, and the present application is not limited thereto.

It will be appreciated that in the fresnel lens 1000, only the curvature of the plurality of microstructures of the microstructure array 1011 in the x-direction is described as an example. In other embodiments, the first direction may be any other direction designed according to the application requirements of the display device. In addition, the curvature of the plurality of microstructures of the fresnel lens along the first direction may be the same or different, as determined by the application scenario and the requirements.

Fig. 11 is a front view of a second fresnel lens 1100 according to an embodiment of the present application, where the fresnel lens 1100 may be an example of the fresnel lens 411 described above, and is applied to the display device shown in fig. 9. Wherein the first surface 1110 of the fresnel lens 1100 comprises an array of microstructures 1111, the curvature of the plurality of microstructures of the array of microstructures 1111 being different along a first direction (i.e. the x-direction in fig. 11) of the fresnel lens 1100, and the curvature of the plurality of microstructures of the array of microstructures 1111 being different along a second direction (i.e. the y-direction in fig. 11) of the fresnel lens 1100, the fresnel lens 1100 being adapted to change the direction of the outgoing image light simultaneously in the first and second directions.

The fresnel lens 1100 is different from the fresnel lens 1000 shown in fig. 10 in that the fresnel lens 1100 can achieve a change in the direction of outgoing image light in two directions. It will be appreciated that when the fresnel lens 1100 of fig. 11 changes the direction of the outgoing image light in two directions, then the fresnel lens 1100 includes an array of microstructures having different curvatures along the plurality of microstructures in the two directions. The deflection effect of each microstructure on the image light can be referred to the above description of fig. 5, and will not be repeated here.

Likewise, the fresnel lens 1100 may be used to completely change the angle of refraction of the outgoing image light, i.e., the image light that exits from the different microstructures of the fresnel lens 1100 exits to the diffuser 412 at the target angle of refraction in two directions, at which time the diffuser 412 does not change the main direction of the incoming image light, i.e., the diffuser 412 does not change the main direction of the outgoing image light. Or fresnel lens 1100 may be used to partially change the angle of deflection of the exiting image light. If the target deflection angle of the image light emitted from the deflection module 402 is the first direction and the second direction as shown in fig. 11, in some embodiments, the image light emitted from the different microstructures of the fresnel lens 1000 is emitted at the target deflection angle of the first direction, and at this time, the diffusion screen 412 is used to make the image light emitted at the target deflection angle in the second direction. Or in other embodiments, the image light exiting the different microstructures of fresnel lens 1000 exits to diffuser screen 412 at less than the target deflection angle in both the first and second directions, and then the different microstructures of diffuser screen 412 exit the image light at the target deflection angle in both the first and second directions.

It should be noted that, the fresnel lens 1100 is used to completely change the deflection angle of the outgoing image light, or to partially change the deflection angle of the outgoing image light, which is related to the use scenario of the display device, and the present application is not limited thereto.

It should be noted that, fig. 11 is a fresnel lens 1100 illustrated by taking the first direction as the x direction and the second direction as the y direction as an example, and in other embodiments, the first direction and the second direction may be any other directions that do not overlap, and may be determined according to the application scenario of the display device, which is not limited by the present application.

It is further understood that depending on the different usage scenarios of the fresnel lens 1100, the fresnel lens 1100 may be designed such that the angle of deflection of the image by the plurality of microstructures in the first direction is the same as or different from the angle of deflection of the image by the plurality of microstructures in the second direction, and the present application is not limited.

In addition, for other descriptions of the material of the fresnel lens 1100 and the curvature design of the microstructure, reference may be made to the relevant portions in fig. 10, and the description thereof is omitted here.

It should be further noted that, in the display device provided by the present application, the projection module 401 may be an LCoS display, an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) display, a Liquid crystal display (Liquid CRYSTAL DISPLAY, LCD), a digital Light processing (DIGITAL LIGHT Procession, DLP) display, or a Micro-Electro-MECHANICAL SYSTEMS, MEMS (Micro-Electro-MECHANICAL SYSTEMS, MEMS) display, which is not limited by the present application.

In addition, the first reflecting element 403 may be a concave mirror, a convex mirror, or a plane mirror whose surface shape is formed as a free curved surface, which is not limited by the present application.

It is to be understood that the number of reflective elements included in the display device 400 is not limited to that shown in fig. 4, and can be adjusted accordingly as required.

Optionally, the display device 400 may further include a dust cover 405. The dust cover 405 has the functions of isolating external high temperature, avoiding the internal temperature of the display device 400 from being too high, or avoiding external dust from entering the device, etc.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device 1200 according to an embodiment of the application. In contrast to the display device 400, in the display device 1200 illustrated in fig. 12, the deflecting element 1202 is configured to change the outgoing direction of the incident image light, and reflect the image light incident at a different position onto the first reflecting element 403 at a different target deflecting angle. Specifically, as shown in fig. 12, the display device 1200 includes a projection module 401, a deflection module 1202, a first reflective element 403, and a second reflective element 404. Wherein the projection module 401 is configured to project image light to the deflection module 402. The deflecting module 1202 is configured to change an outgoing direction of the incident image light, and project (specifically, reflect in fig. 12) the image light incident at different positions onto the first reflecting element 403 at different target deflecting angles. The first reflecting element 403 is configured to reflect the image light emitted from the deflecting module 402 to the second reflecting element 404. The second reflecting element 404 is for reflecting the image light from the first reflecting element 403 toward the human eye.

In fig. 12, the use of the deflecting module 1202 to project the image light incident at different positions with different target deflecting angles means that the deflecting module 1202 deflects the chief ray of the reflected image light with respect to the incident direction at the time of incidence, i.e., the deflecting module 1202 deflects the chief ray of the reflected image light with respect to the incident direction at the time of incidence.

It will be appreciated that the deflecting element 1202 may also be a single diffuser screen, as shown in fig. 5-7, or may be a combination of fresnel lenses and diffuser screens, as shown in fig. 9, which are not described in detail herein. It will also be appreciated that when the deflecting element 1202 is used as a reflective element, the curvature of the microstructures in the deflecting element 1202 is determined by the angle of incidence of the image light incident on each of the different microstructures, the angle of deflection of the image light reflected by each of the microstructures, and the angle of diffusion of the image light exiting each of the microstructures.

Based on the above embodiments of the display device provided by the present application (including fig. 4, 9 and 12), it can be seen that, in the display device provided by the present application, the adjustment of the front and rear image light angles of the diffusion screen in the display device is achieved by the deflection effect of the microstructures with different curvatures in the microstructure array included in the deflection element on the image light. Taking the display device 400 as an example, in fig. 13, after sunlight flows backward from the outside to the deflecting element 402 in the display device 400, since the incident angle of the sunlight entering the deflecting element 402 is not matched with the curvature of the microstructure, the sunlight reflected by the deflecting element 402 is less likely to be reflected again to the first reflecting element 403, and thus stray light is less likely to be formed. In addition, since the curvature of the microstructure in the deflecting element 402 can be designed according to the incident angle, the target exit angle and the target diffusion angle of the image light emitted from the projection module 401 in the display device 400, the mutual positions of the deflecting element 402 and the projection module 401, and the spatial layout of the deflecting element 402 and the rear-end optical path element (including the first reflecting element 403 and the second reflecting element 404) can be more compact. For example, the arrangement of the light path elements from the deflecting module 402 to the rear end may not strictly follow the position of the chief ray, and at this time, the angle between the deflecting module 402 and the chief ray may be arranged larger, as in the display device 1400 shown in fig. 14, so that the space between the projecting module 402 and the second reflecting element 404 can be reasonably utilized while reducing the glare brightness generated by the backward sunlight, so that the structure of the display device is more compact.

In addition, the embodiment of the application also provides a vehicle, and the vehicle is provided with any one of the display devices. Vehicles include, but are not limited to, automobiles, airplanes, trains, or ships, etc.

Fig. 15 is a schematic circuit diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 15, the circuits in the display device mainly include a main processor (host CPU) 1201, an external memory interface 1202, an internal memory 1203, an audio module 1204, a video module 1205, a power supply module 1206, a wireless communication module 1207, an i/O interface 1208, a video interface 1209, a display circuit 1210, a modulator 1212, and the like. The main processor 1201 and its peripheral components, such as an external memory interface 1202, an internal memory 1203, an audio module 1204, a video module 1205, a power module 1206, a wireless communication module 1207, an i/O interface 1208, a video interface 1209, and a display circuit 1210, may be connected via a bus. The main processor 1201 may be referred to as a front-end processor.

In addition, the circuit diagram illustrated in the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation of the display device. In other embodiments of the application, the display device may include more or less components than shown, or certain components may be combined, or certain components may be split, or different arrangements of components. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

The main processor 1201 includes one or more processing units, for example: the host Processor 1201 may include an application Processor (Application Processor, AP), a modem Processor, a graphics Processor (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU), an image signal Processor (IMAGE SIGNAL Processor, ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal Processor (DIGITAL SIGNAL Processor, DSP), a baseband Processor, and/or a neural network Processor (Neural-Network Processing Unit, NPU), etc. Wherein the different processing units may be separate devices or may be integrated in one or more processors.

A memory may also be provided in the main processor 1201 for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the main processor 1201 is a cache memory. The memory may hold instructions or data that is just used or recycled by the main processor 1201. If the main processor 1201 needs to reuse the instruction or data, it can be called directly from the memory. Repeated accesses are avoided, reducing the latency of the main processor 1201, and thus improving the efficiency of the system.

In some embodiments, the display device may also include a plurality of Input/Output (I/O) interfaces 1208 connected to the main processor 1201. Interface 1208 can include an integrated circuit (Inter-INTEGRATED CIRCUIT, I2C) interface, an integrated circuit built-in audio (Inter-INTEGRATED CIRCUIT SOUND, I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (Pulse Code Modulation, PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver Transmitter (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter, UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (Mobile Industry Processor Interface, MIPI), a General-Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (Subscriber Identity Module, SIM) interface, and/or a universal serial bus (Universal Serial Bus, USB) interface, among others. The I/O interface 1208 may be connected to a mouse, a touch pad, a keyboard, a camera, a speaker/horn, a microphone, or a physical key (e.g., a volume key, a brightness adjustment key, an on/off key, etc.) on the display device.

The external memory interface 1202 may be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to enable expansion of the memory capabilities of the display device. The external memory card communicates with the main processor 1201 through the external memory interface 1202 to realize a data storage function.

The internal memory 1203 may be used to store computer executable program code that includes instructions. The internal memory 1203 may include a stored program area and a stored data area. The storage program area may store an operating system, an application program (such as a call function, a time setting function, etc.) required for at least one function, and the like. The storage data area may store data created during use of the display device (e.g., phone book, universal time, etc.), etc. In addition, the internal memory 1203 may include a high speed random access memory, and may also include a nonvolatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash memory (Universal Flash Storage, UFS), and the like. The main processor 1201 performs various functional applications of the display apparatus and data processing by executing instructions stored in the internal memory 1203 and/or instructions stored in a memory provided in the main processor 1201.

The display device may implement audio functions through the audio module 1204, an application processor, and the like. Such as music playing, talking, etc.

The audio module 1204 is used to convert digital audio information into an analog audio signal output, and also to convert an analog audio input into a digital audio signal. The audio module 1204 may also be used to encode and decode audio signals, such as for playback or recording. In some embodiments, the audio module 1204 may be provided in the main processor 1201, or some of the functional modules of the audio module 1204 may be provided in the main processor 1201.

The Video interface 1209 may receive an externally input audio/Video signal, which may specifically be a high-definition multimedia interface (High Definition Multimedia Interface, HDMI), a digital Video interface (Digital Visual Interface, DVI), a Video graphics array (Video GRAPHICS ARRAY, VGA), a Display Port (DP), etc., and the Video interface 1209 may also output Video. When the display device is used as a head-up display, the video interface 1209 may receive a speed signal and an electric quantity signal input by the peripheral device, and may also receive an AR video signal input from the outside. When the display device is used as a projector, the video interface 1209 may receive a video signal input from an external computer or a terminal device.

The video module 1205 may decode video input by the video interface 1209, for example, h.264 decoding. The video module can also encode the video collected by the display device, for example, H.264 encoding is carried out on the video collected by the external camera. In addition, the main processor 1201 may decode the video input from the video interface 1209 and output the decoded image signal to the display circuit 1210.

The display circuit 1210 and modulator 1212 are used to display a corresponding image. In this embodiment, the video interface 1209 receives an externally input video source signal, and the video module 1205 decodes and/or digitizes the video source signal to output one or more image signals to the display circuit 1210, and the display circuit 1210 drives the modulator 1212 to image the incident polarized light according to the input image signal, so as to output at least two paths of imaging light. In addition, the main processor 1201 may output one or more image signals to the display circuit 1210.

In this embodiment, the display circuit 1210 and the modulator 1212 belong to electronic components in the PGU, and the display circuit 1210 may be referred to as a driving circuit.

The power module 1206 is configured to provide power to the main processor 1201 and the light source 1200 based on input power (e.g., direct current), and the power module 1206 may include a rechargeable battery therein, which may provide power to the main processor 1201 and the light source 1200. Light from light source 1200 may be transmitted to modulator 1211 for imaging to form an image light signal.

The wireless Communication module 1207 may enable the display device to wirelessly communicate with the outside world, which may provide solutions for wireless Communication such as wireless local area network (Wireless Local Area Networks, WLAN) (e.g., wireless fidelity (WIRELESS FIDELITY, wi-Fi) network), bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (Global Navigation SATELLITE SYSTEM, GNSS), frequency modulation (Frequency Modulation, FM), near field Communication (NEAR FIELD Communication, NFC), infrared (IR), etc. The wireless communication module 1207 may be one or more devices that integrate at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 1207 receives electromagnetic waves via an antenna, modulates the electromagnetic wave signals, performs filtering processing, and transmits the processed signals to the main processor 1201. The wireless communication module 1207 may also receive a signal to be transmitted from the main processor 1201, frequency modulate the signal, amplify the signal, and convert the signal into electromagnetic waves to radiate the electromagnetic waves through an antenna.

In addition, the video data decoded by the video module 1205 may be received wirelessly by the wireless communication module 1207 or read from an external memory, for example, the display device may receive video data from a terminal device or an in-vehicle entertainment system through a wireless lan in the vehicle, and the display device may read audio/video data stored in the external memory, in addition to the video data input through the video interface 1209.

The display device may be mounted on a vehicle, please refer to fig. 16, fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a possible functional frame of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in FIG. 16, various subsystems may be included in the functional framework of the vehicle, such as a sensor system 12, a control system 14, one or more peripheral devices 16 (one shown in the illustration), a power supply 18, a computer system 20, and a heads-up display system 22, as shown. Alternatively, the vehicle may include other functional systems, such as an engine system to power the vehicle, etc., as the application is not limited herein.

The sensor system 12 may include a plurality of sensing devices that sense the measured information and convert the sensed information to an electrical signal or other desired form of information output according to a certain rule. As shown, these detection devices may include, but are not limited to, a global positioning system (global positioning system, GPS), a vehicle speed sensor, an inertial measurement unit (inertial measurement unit, IMU), a radar unit, a laser rangefinder, an imaging device, a wheel speed sensor, a steering sensor, a gear sensor, or other elements for automatic detection, and so forth.

The control system 14 may include several elements such as a steering unit, a braking unit, a lighting system, an autopilot system, a map navigation system, a network timing system, and an obstacle avoidance system as shown. Optionally, control system 14 may also include elements such as throttle controls and engine controls for controlling the speed of travel of the vehicle, as the application is not limited.

Peripheral device 16 may include several elements such as the communication system in the illustration, a touch screen, a user interface, a microphone, and a speaker, among others. Wherein the communication system is used for realizing network communication between the vehicle and other devices except the vehicle. In practical applications, the communication system may employ wireless communication technology or wired communication technology to enable network communication between the vehicle and other devices. The wired communication technology may refer to communication between the vehicle and other devices through a network cable or an optical fiber, etc.

The power source 18 represents a system that provides power or energy to the vehicle, which may include, but is not limited to, a rechargeable lithium battery or lead acid battery, or the like. In practical applications, one or more battery packs in the power supply are used to provide electrical energy or power for vehicle start-up, the type and materials of the power supply are not limiting of the application.

Several functions of the vehicle are performed by the control of the computer system 20. The computer system 20 may include one or more processors 2001 (shown as one processor) and memory 2002 (which may also be referred to as storage devices). In practical applications, the memory 2002 is also internal to the computer system 20, or external to the computer system 20, for example, as a cache in a vehicle, and the application is not limited thereto. Wherein,

Processor 2001 may include one or more general-purpose processors, such as a graphics processor (graphic processing unit, GPU). The processor 2001 may be used to execute related programs or instructions corresponding to the programs stored in the memory 2002 to implement the corresponding functions of the vehicle.

Memory 2002 may include volatile memory (RAM), such as RAM; the memory may also include non-volatile memory (non-vlatile memory), such as ROM, flash memory (flash memory), HDD, or solid state disk SSD; memory 2002 may also include combinations of the above types of memory. Memory 2002 may be used to store a set of program codes or instructions corresponding to the program codes so that processor 2001 invokes the program codes or instructions stored in memory 2002 to implement the corresponding functions of the vehicle. In the present application, the memory 2002 may store a set of program codes for vehicle control, and the processor 2001 may call the program codes to control the safe running of the vehicle, and how the safe running of the vehicle is achieved will be described in detail below.

Alternatively, the memory 2002 may store information such as road maps, driving routes, sensor data, and the like, in addition to program codes or instructions. The computer system 20 may implement the relevant functions of the vehicle in combination with other elements in the functional framework schematic of the vehicle, such as sensors in the sensor system, GPS, etc. For example, the computer system 20 may control the direction of travel or speed of travel of the vehicle, etc., based on data input from the sensor system 12, and the application is not limited.

Head-up display system 22 may include several elements, such as a windshield, controller, and head-up display as shown. The controller 222 is configured to generate an image (for example, generate an image including a vehicle state such as a vehicle speed, an electric quantity/oil quantity, and an image of augmented reality AR content) according to a user instruction, and send the image to the head-up display for display; the head-up display may include an image generating unit, a mirror assembly, and a front windshield for cooperating with the head-up display to realize an optical path of the head-up display system so as to present a target image in front of the driver. The functions of some elements in the head-up display system may be implemented by other subsystems of the vehicle, for example, the controller may be an element in the control system.

Wherein FIG. 16 illustrates the present application as including four subsystems, sensor system 12, control system 14, computer system 20, and heads-up display system 22, by way of example only, and not by way of limitation. In practical applications, the vehicle may combine several elements in the vehicle according to different functions, thereby obtaining subsystems with corresponding different functions. In practice, the vehicle may include more or fewer systems or elements, and the application is not limited.

The above-mentioned vehicles may be cars, trucks, motorcycles, buses, boats, airplanes, helicopters, lawnmowers, recreational vehicles, construction equipment, electric cars, golf carts, trains, carts, etc., and embodiments of the present application are not particularly limited.

Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

The above embodiments are only examples of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims (19)

1. A display device, comprising: a projection module, a deflection module, a first reflecting element and a second reflecting element,

The projection module is used for projecting image light to the deflection module;

The deflection module is used for projecting the image light incident from different positions onto the first reflecting element at different target deflection angles;

The first reflecting element is used for reflecting the image light emitted by the deflection module to the second reflecting element;

The second reflecting element is used for reflecting the image light from the first reflecting element to human eyes.

2. The display device of claim 1, wherein the deflection module is a first diffusion screen, a first surface of the first diffusion screen comprises a first array of microstructures, a plurality of first microstructures of the first array of microstructures have different curvatures in a first direction, and the first diffusion screen is specifically configured to: the image light incident at different positions is projected onto the first reflecting element at different target deflection angles along the first direction.

3. The display device of claim 2, wherein the plurality of first microstructures of the first array of microstructures have a different curvature in the second direction, the first diffusion screen further configured to: the outgoing direction of the image light is changed in the second direction.

4. A display device according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of first microstructures of the first array of microstructures differ in thickness in the third direction.

5. The display device of claim 4, wherein any two adjacent first microstructures in the array of first microstructures have a different thickness.

6. The display device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein two directions of the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

7. The display device of claim 2, wherein the first array of microstructures is a first array of microlenses.

8. The display device according to claim 7, wherein the surface shape of the plurality of first microlenses in the first microlens array includes at least one of a convex surface and a concave surface.

9. The display device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein a boundary shape of the plurality of first microlenses is irregular.

10. The display device of claim 2, wherein a surface of each first microstructure in the array of first microstructures exhibits a concave-convex texture.

11. The display device according to claim 2, wherein a curvature of a first microstructure in the first microstructure array is determined by an incident angle of the image light incident on the first microstructure, a deflection angle of the image light emitted from the first microstructure, and a diffusion angle of the image light emitted from the first microstructure, the first microstructure being any one of the first microstructures in the first microstructure array.

12. The display device of claim 1, wherein the deflection module comprises a first fresnel lens and a second diffuser screen, wherein:

The first surface of the first fresnel lens comprises a second microstructure array, curvatures of a plurality of second microstructures of the second microstructure array in a first direction are different, and the first fresnel lens is specifically used for: projecting the image light incident at different positions onto the second diffusion screen at different target deflection angles along the first direction;

The second diffusion screen generates a relay image using the image light emitted from the first fresnel lens, and increases a diffusion angle of the image light emitted to the first reflective element.

13. The display device of claim 12, wherein the plurality of second microstructures of the second array of microstructures have a different curvature in the second direction, the first fresnel lens further configured to: and projecting the image light incident at different positions on the second diffusion screen along the second direction at different target deflection angles.

14. The display device according to claim 12 or 13, wherein each second microstructure in the second microstructure array is a bump structure, a slope of each bump structure is different, and/or a bump height of each bump structure is different.

15. The display device of claim 1, wherein the deflection module comprises a second fresnel lens and a third diffuser screen, wherein:

the first surface of the second fresnel lens comprises a third microstructure array, curvatures of a plurality of third microstructures of the third microstructure array in a first direction are different, and the second fresnel lens is specifically used for: projecting the image light incident at different positions onto the third diffusion screen at different target deflection angles along the first direction;

The first surface of the third diffusion screen comprises a fourth microstructure array, curvatures of a plurality of fourth microstructures of the fourth microstructure array in a second direction are different, and the third diffusion screen is specifically used for: the image light incident at different positions is projected onto the first reflecting element at different target deflection angles along the second direction.

16. The display device of claim 15, wherein each third microstructure in the third array of microstructures is a raised structure, a slope of each raised structure is different, and/or a height of a protrusion of each raised structure is different.

17. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the second reflecting element is a convex mirror, a concave mirror, or a planar mirror.

18. A vehicle comprising the display device of claim 1.

19. A vehicle-mounted system comprising the display device of claim 1.