CN220797105U - Antenna unit and communication equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of communication and discloses an antenna unit and communication equipment, wherein the antenna unit comprises a dielectric substrate, a grounding plate, a dielectric resonator, a magnetic dipole component and a feed structure, and the dielectric substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged; the grounding plate is arranged on the first surface and is provided with a gap; the dielectric resonator is arranged on the grounding plate and is coupled with the gap; the magnetic dipole component is arranged on the grounding plate and is coupled with the dielectric resonator; the feed structure is arranged on the second surface, the feed structure comprises a first feed part and a second feed part, the first feed part corresponds to the gap, and the second feed part is connected with the magnetic dipole component. By the mode, the antenna unit can obtain wider beams.

Description

Antenna unit and communication equipment

Technical Field

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna unit and communication equipment.

Background

An Antenna is a device for converting guided waves propagating on a transmission line into electromagnetic waves propagating in an unbounded medium (usually, free space), and is widely applied to communication terminals such as mobile phones and tablet computers, and the Antenna used in the communication terminals such as mobile phones and tablet computers mainly uses the combination of a radio frequency chip and a substrate Antenna as an AIP (Antenna-in-Package Antenna), so that the radio frequency loss of the Package Antenna can be reduced, the integration level is higher, the performance is better, but the Package Antenna needs to be designed with a large scanning angle.

In practicing the embodiments of the present application, the inventors found that: currently, there are two main types of methods for large scan angle design: broadband impedance transformers and broadband wide angle scan matching layers, both types of methods typically produce complex wide structures or load additional external dielectric/metal structures.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem that this embodiment of the application mainly solves is to provide an antenna unit, through set up the feed structure with the gap coupling, gap and dielectric resonator coupling, dielectric resonator and magnetic dipole electricity are connected, magnetic dipole with the antenna that obtains after the dielectric resonator stack has wider wave beam, is favorable to the wide-angle scanning of antenna.

In order to solve the technical problems, a technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the application is as follows: there is provided an antenna unit comprising: the dielectric substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged; the grounding plate is arranged on the first surface and is provided with a gap; the dielectric resonator is arranged on the grounding plate and is coupled with the gap; the magnetic dipole component is arranged on the grounding plate and is coupled with the dielectric resonator; the feed structure is arranged on the second surface, the feed structure comprises a first feed part and a second feed part, the first feed part corresponds to the gap, and the second feed part is connected with the magnetic dipole component.

Optionally, the magnetic dipole assembly includes a first dipole and a second dipole, the first dipole and the second dipole being spaced apart, and the dielectric resonator is located between the first dipole and the second dipole.

Optionally, the feed structure includes feed main part, first branch, second branch and third branch, the one end of first branch, second branch and third branch all with feed main part is connected, first branch with first dipole electricity is connected, the third branch with second dipole electricity is connected, the second branch with the gap corresponds.

Optionally, the second branch includes the first upright portion, first straight portion, second upright portion, second straight portion and the third upright portion of perpendicular connection in proper order, first straight portion and second straight portion set up relatively.

Optionally, the first branch includes a fourth standing part and a third straight part, one end of the fourth standing part is vertically connected to one end of the feeding main body, one end of the third straight part is vertically connected to the other end of the fourth standing part, and the other end of the third straight part is electrically connected to the first dipole.

Optionally, the first dipole includes a first metal part and a first plate body, the first plate body is disposed on the ground plate, the first metal part is disposed on the first plate body, and the first metal part is electrically connected with the first branch.

Optionally, the first metal piece includes first slot part, second slot part and third slot part, first slot part is followed the length direction setting of first plate body, second slot part and third section are followed the width direction setting of first plate body, second slot part and third slot part connect respectively in the both sides of first slot part.

Optionally, the antenna unit further comprises a feeding component, one end of the feeding component is electrically connected with the feeding structure, and the other end of the feeding component is electrically connected with the magnetic dipole component.

Optionally, the first plate body is flush with the dielectric resonator along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate, and the first plate body is flush with the dielectric resonator along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate.

In order to solve the technical problems, another technical scheme adopted in the embodiment of the application is as follows: there is provided a communication device comprising any of the antenna elements described above.

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna unit, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a grounding plate, a dielectric resonator, a magnetic dipole component and a feed structure, wherein the dielectric substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged; the grounding plate is arranged on the first surface and is provided with a gap; the dielectric resonator is arranged on the grounding plate and is coupled with the gap; the magnetic dipole component is arranged on the grounding plate and is coupled with the dielectric resonator; the feed structure set up in the second surface, the feed structure includes first feed portion and second feed portion, first feed portion with the gap corresponds, the second feed portion is connected with the magnetic dipole subassembly, through with magnetic dipole subassembly and dielectric resonator set up in the first surface of dielectric substrate, form the stack of two kinds of antenna patterns of magnetic dipole antenna and dielectric resonator antenna, will the feed structure sets up in the second surface, and with the magnetic dipole electricity is connected, reaches magnetic dipole antenna signal amplitude the same, the opposite purpose of phase place, and the antenna that obtains after magnetic dipole antenna and the dielectric resonator antenna stack has wider wave beam, is favorable to the wide angle scanning of antenna.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the several figures. In the drawings, elements or portions thereof are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another angle structure of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of an antenna unit in an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another angle structure of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a feed structure of an antenna element according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 8 is another schematic diagram of a feed structure of an antenna element in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 9 is another angular exploded view of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the effects of superposition of dielectric resonators and magnetic dipole elements in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 11 is a diagram of an antenna element of an embodiment of the present utility model with a dielectric resonator and magnetic dipole assembly superimposed;

FIG. 12 is a graph showing the effect of operating frequencies produced by dielectric resonators of antenna elements in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 13 is a graph of the power effect at operating frequencies produced by the dielectric resonator of the first antenna element of the present utility model;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of beam width overlapping of antenna elements in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 15 is a diagram of a dielectric resonator of an antenna element at a resonance point in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 16 is a diagram of a dielectric resonator of an antenna element at another resonance point in an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 17 is a diagram of two stacked resonant points of an antenna unit dielectric resonator according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals in the specific embodiments are as follows: 100. an antenna unit; 10. a dielectric substrate; 101. a first surface; 102. a second surface; 20. a ground plate; 201. a slit; 202. a first through hole; 203. a second through hole; 30. a dielectric resonator; 40. a magnetic dipole component; 401. a first dipole; 402. a second dipole; 411. a first metal piece; 4111. a first groove portion; 4112. a second groove portion; 4113. a third groove portion; 412. a first plate body; 402. a second dipole; 421. a second metal piece; 4211. a fourth groove portion; 4212. a fifth groove portion; 4213. a sixth groove portion; 422. a second plate body; 50. a feed structure; 501. a first power feeding section; 502. a second power feeding section; 503. a power feeding main body; 504. a first branch; 541. a fourth upright portion; 542. a third straight portion; 505. a second branch; 551. a first standing part; 552. a first straight portion; 553. a second standing part; 554. a second straight portion; 555. a third standing part; 506. a third branch; 60. a feed assembly; 601. a first metal rod; 602. a second metal rod.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" to another element, it can be directly on the other element or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween. The terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," and the like as used in this specification, refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not denote or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

In addition, the technical features described below in the different embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present utility model provides an antenna unit 100, where the antenna unit 100 includes a dielectric substrate 10, a ground plate 20, a dielectric resonator 30, a magnetic dipole component 40 and a feeding structure 50, the dielectric substrate 10 includes a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 that are disposed opposite to each other, the ground plate 20 is disposed on the first surface 101, the ground plate 20 is provided with a slot 201, the dielectric resonator 30 and the magnetic dipole are both disposed on the ground plate 20, the dielectric resonator 30 is coupled with the slot 201, the magnetic dipole component 40 is coupled with the dielectric resonator 30, the feeding structure 50 is disposed on the second surface 102, the feeding structure 50 is used for feeding the antenna unit 100, and the signal amplitude of the magnetic dipole component 40 is adjusted so that the signal amplitude of the magnetic dipole component 40 is the same and opposite to each other, and a wide beam antenna is obtained after the dielectric resonator 30 and the magnetic dipole component 40 are stacked.

With continued reference to fig. 3, the magnetic dipole assembly 40 includes a first dipole 401 and a second dipole 402, where the first dipole 401 and the second dipole 402 are spaced apart, and the dielectric resonator 30 is located between the first dipole 401 and the second dipole 402, so as to form a superposition of two antenna patterns, i.e. a magnetic dipole antenna pattern and an antenna pattern of the dielectric resonator 30, so as to obtain the wide-beam antenna unit 100. In some preferred embodiments, the dielectric resonator 30 has a size of 3.76X3.76x2.16mm DK =10, where DK is the dielectric constant of the dielectric resonator 30.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the first dipole 401 includes a first metal member 411 and a first plate 412, the second dipole 402 includes a second metal member 421 and a second plate 422, the first plate 412 is disposed on the ground plate 20, the first metal member 411 is disposed on the first plate 412, the second plate 422 is disposed on the ground plate 20, the second metal member 421 is disposed on the second plate 422, and the feeding structure 50 is respectively connected with the first metal member 411 and the second metal member 421 to feed the magnetic dipole assembly 40.

With continued reference to fig. 4, more specifically, a side of the first plate 412 facing the dielectric resonator 30 is provided with a first metal member 411, the first metal member 411 includes a first slot 4111, a second slot 4112 and a third slot 4113, the first slot 4111 is disposed along a length direction of the first plate 412, the second slot 4112 and the third section are disposed along a width direction of the second plate 422, the second slot 4112 and the third slot 4113 are respectively connected to two sides of the first slot 4111, and the first plate 412 is electrically connected to the ground plate 20. Since the first plate 412 is conductive, the first metal piece 411 forms the gap 201, and the current is distributed around the first metal piece 411 to form a loop, that is, the first metal piece 411 forms a magnetic dipole.

With continued reference to fig. 5, a second metal member 421 is disposed on a side of the second plate 422 facing the dielectric resonator 30, the second metal member 421 includes a fourth slot portion 4211, a fifth slot portion 4212 and a sixth slot portion 4213, the fourth slot portion 4211 is disposed along a length direction of the second plate 422, the fifth slot portion 4212 and the sixth section are disposed along a width direction of the second plate 422, the fifth slot portion 4212 and the sixth slot portion 4213 are respectively connected to two sides of the fourth slot portion 4211, and the second plate 422 is electrically connected to the ground plate 20. Since the second plate 422 is conductive, the second metal member 421 forms the gap 201, and the current is distributed around the second metal member 421 to form a loop, i.e. the second metal member 421 forms a magnetic dipole.

In some preferred embodiments, the first plate 412 is flush with the dielectric resonator 30 along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 10, and the second plate 422 is flush with the dielectric resonator 30 along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 10, so that the antenna unit 100 has better signal receiving capability.

Referring to fig. 6, the feeding structure 50 includes a first feeding portion 501 and a second feeding portion 502, the first feeding portion 501 corresponds to the slot 201, the second feeding portion 502 is electrically connected to the magnetic dipole assembly 40, and after the antenna is fed, electromagnetic wave energy is coupled and conducted to the dielectric resonator 30 through the first feeding portion 501 and the slot 201.

More specifically, referring to fig. 7, the feeding structure 50 includes a feeding body 503, a first branch 504, a second branch 505, and a third branch 506, where one ends of the first branch 504, the second branch 505, and the third branch 506 are all connected to the feeding body 503, the first branch 504 is electrically connected to the first dipole 401, more specifically, the first branch 504 is electrically connected to the first metal piece 411, the third branch 506 is electrically connected to the second dipole 402, more specifically, the third branch 506 is electrically connected to the second metal piece 421, the second branch 505 corresponds to the slot 201, and the feeding body 503, the first branch 504, the second branch 505, and the third branch 506 form a three-power divider for feeding the antenna unit 100, and achieve the same signal amplitude and opposite phase of the magnetic dipole component 40.

With continued reference to fig. 8, the second branch 505 includes a first upright portion 551, a first straight portion 552, a second upright portion 553, a second straight portion 554, and a third upright portion 555 that are sequentially and vertically connected, where the first straight portion 552 and the second straight portion 554 are disposed opposite to each other, the third upright portion 555 corresponds to the gap 201, the first branch 504 includes a fourth upright portion 541 and a third straight portion 542, one end of the fourth upright portion 541 is vertically connected to one end of the feeding main body 503, one end of the third straight portion 542 is vertically connected to the other end of the fourth upright portion 541, and the other end of the third straight portion 542 is electrically connected to the first dipole 401.

Referring to fig. 9, the antenna unit 100 further includes a feeding component 60, one end of the feeding component 60 is electrically connected to the feeding structure 50, the other end of the feeding component 60 is electrically connected to the magnetic dipole component 40, and electromagnetic wave energy is conducted to the magnetic dipole component 40 through the feeding component 60. The ground plate 20 is provided with a first through hole 202 and a second through hole 203, the feeding assembly 60 comprises a first metal rod 601 and a second metal rod 602, the first metal rod 601 penetrates through the first through hole 202 to be fixed on the dielectric substrate 10, the other end of the first metal rod 601 is connected with the first metal piece 411, the second metal rod 602 penetrates through the second through hole 203 to be fixed on the dielectric substrate 10, and the other end of the second metal rod 602 is connected with the second metal piece 421.

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna unit 100, which comprises a dielectric substrate 10, a grounding plate 20, a dielectric resonator 30, a magnetic dipole component 40 and a feed structure 50, wherein the dielectric substrate 10 comprises a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 which are oppositely arranged; the ground plate 20 is disposed on the first surface 101, and the ground plate 20 is provided with a slit 201; the dielectric resonator 30 is disposed on the ground plate 20, and the dielectric resonator 30 is coupled with the slot 201; the magnetic dipole component 40 is disposed on the ground plate 20, and the magnetic dipole component 40 is coupled to the dielectric resonator 30; the feeding structure 50 is disposed on the second surface 102, the feeding structure 50 includes a first feeding portion 501 and a second feeding portion 502, the first feeding portion 501 corresponds to the slot 201, the second feeding portion 502 is connected to the magnetic dipole assembly 40, by disposing the magnetic dipole assembly 40 and the dielectric resonator 30 on the first surface 101 of the dielectric substrate 10, superposition of two antenna patterns of the magnetic dipole antenna and the dielectric resonator 30 is formed, the feeding structure 50 is disposed on the second surface 102 and electrically connected with the magnetic dipole, the purposes that the signal amplitude of the magnetic dipole antenna is the same and the phase is opposite are achieved, the antenna obtained after the magnetic dipole antenna and the dielectric resonator 30 are superposed has a wider wave beam, and large-angle scanning of the antenna is facilitated.

For the convenience of the reader to better understand the inventive concepts of the present utility model, the following comparative experiments were performed on the antenna array:

fig. 10 shows a wide beam pattern of an antenna unit 100 obtained by superimposing the beam patterns of a dielectric resonator 30 (Dielectric Resonator Antenna, DRA) antenna and a magnetic dipole component 40 (magnetic dipole is also called a magnetic source).

Fig. 11 is a diagram of an antenna element 100 obtained by superimposing the patterns of the dielectric resonator 30 (Dielectric Resonator Antenna, DRA) antenna and the magnetic dipole antenna.

Fig. 11 shows the dielectric resonator 30 of the antenna unit 100 operating at a coverage frequency of 35GHz and 36GHz, F1 in fig. 12 being the power of the antenna unit 100 at 35GHz, and F2 being the power of the antenna unit 100 at 36 GHz.

Fig. 13 shows the dielectric resonator 30 in which the electric field distribution in the dielectric is similar to that at the resonance point in one of the resonance point frequency bands. When the two resonant frequencies are relatively close, the radiation pattern of the antenna is equivalent to the superposition of the radiation patterns of the two resonant modes, wherein the pattern of the working frequency of the real dielectric resonator 30 at 35Ghz is shown in fig. 14 (normalized pattern), the pattern of the dielectric resonator 30 at 36Ghz is shown in fig. 15 (normalized pattern), and the resultant pattern of 35.5Ghz (normalized pattern) can be found that the plane H of the pattern E of 3dB is 140 degrees or more as shown in fig. 17, and it is to be noted that, in the antenna field, the plane E of the antenna is also called the plane electric, which refers to the plane direction parallel to the direction of the electric field. The H plane is also called a magnetic plane, and refers to a direction plane parallel to the magnetic field direction, and it is known from comparing fig. 15 to fig. 17 that the beam widths of the E plane and the H plane of the antenna unit 100 are improved to some extent.

The embodiment of the present utility model further provides a communication device, and the specific implementation manner can refer to the antenna unit 100, which is not described herein.

The foregoing description is only exemplary embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the descriptions and the drawings of the present application, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. An antenna unit, comprising:

the dielectric substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged;

the grounding plate is arranged on the first surface and is provided with a gap;

the dielectric resonator is arranged on the grounding plate and is coupled with the gap;

the magnetic dipole component is arranged on the grounding plate and is coupled with the dielectric resonator;

the feed structure is arranged on the second surface and comprises a first feed part and a second feed part, the first feed part corresponds to the gap, and the second feed part is electrically connected with the magnetic dipole component.

2. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein,

the magnetic dipole component comprises a first dipole and a second dipole, the first dipole and the second dipole are arranged at intervals, and the dielectric resonator is positioned between the first dipole and the second dipole.

3. The antenna unit of claim 2, wherein,

the feed structure comprises a feed main body, a first branch, a second branch and a third branch, wherein one ends of the first branch, the second branch and the third branch are all connected with the feed main body, the first branch is electrically connected with the first dipole, the third branch is electrically connected with the second dipole, and the second branch corresponds to the gap.

4. The antenna unit of claim 3, wherein,

the second branch comprises a first vertical part, a first straight part, a second vertical part, a second straight part and a third vertical part which are sequentially and vertically connected, and the first straight part and the second straight part are oppositely arranged.

5. The antenna unit of claim 3, wherein,

the first branch comprises a fourth vertical portion and a third straight portion, one end of the fourth vertical portion is perpendicularly connected to one end of the feeding main body, one end of the third straight portion is perpendicularly connected to the other end of the fourth vertical portion, and the other end of the third straight portion is electrically connected with the first dipole.

6. The antenna unit of claim 3, wherein,

the first dipole comprises a first metal piece and a first plate body, the first plate body is arranged on the grounding plate, the first metal piece is arranged on the first plate body, and the first metal piece is electrically connected with the first branch knot.

7. The antenna unit of claim 6, wherein,

the first metal piece comprises a first groove part, a second groove part and a third groove part, wherein the first groove part is arranged along the length direction of the first plate body, the second groove part and the third section are arranged along the width direction of the first plate body, and the second groove part and the third groove part are respectively connected with two sides of the first groove part.

8. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein,

the antenna unit further comprises a feed assembly, one end of the feed assembly is electrically connected with the feed structure, and the other end of the feed assembly is electrically connected with the magnetic dipole assembly.

9. The antenna unit of claim 6, wherein,

the first plate body and the dielectric resonator are flush along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate.

10. A device for the communication of a communication medium,

-comprising an antenna element according to any of claims 1-9.