CN220762505U - Automatic screwing and unscrewing tool for taper threads - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of coal mines. Relates to an automatic screwing and unscrewing tool for taper threads, which comprises a rod feeding mechanism, a synchronous clamp and a power head which are sequentially arranged on a rack; the clamping centers of the synchronous clamp holder, the power head and the rod feeding mechanism are coaxial; the connecting piece is connected with the connected piece through small taper threads; the synchronous clamp holder is used for clamping and fixing any one of the connecting piece and the connected piece, and the power head is used for clamping the other one and providing screwing and unscrewing power torque; the rod conveying mechanism is used for axially conveying the connecting piece and the connected piece; the frame is also provided with a plurality of supporting components at intervals, which are used for supporting the connecting piece and the connected piece. The centering device, the rod feeding mechanism and the synchronous clamp are consistent in center height, and the excircle of the drill rod joint to be connected penetrating through the centering device is ensured to be concentric with the centering hole of the centering device. Meanwhile, the axial disturbance degree of the long rod piece is skillfully utilized as a swinging gap for mechanically screwing and unscrewing the threads, and the manual screwing and unscrewing state is simulated.

Description

Automatic screwing and unscrewing tool for taper threads

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of coal mines, and relates to an automatic screwing and unscrewing tool for taper threads.

Background

In threaded connections, small taper threaded connections are common and important ways of connecting. The small taper screw thread refers to a screw thread with the taper of a screw thread bus less than or equal to 1:16, and has the defect of poor neutrality and high difficulty in mechanical automatic screwing and unscrewing.

The hydraulic test of the performance of the directional drilling rod for the coal mine often needs to carry out screwing and unscrewing operations between a connecting piece and a connected piece. The traditional screwing and unscrewing operation is completed manually, the labor intensity is high, drill rods are required to be firstly swung open, then are manually connected into groups (20 groups of 60 meters) one by one through a pipe wrench and other simple tools, and then are introduced into a high-pressure water test.

Aiming at the problem that a small-taper thread mechanical screwing and unscrewing quick tool or device does not exist at present, a screwing and unscrewing tool suitable for the small-taper thread needs to be developed.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the utility model aims to solve the screwing-and-unscrewing difficulty of small-taper threaded connection and provides an automatic screwing-and-unscrewing tool for taper threads.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

an automatic screwing and unscrewing tool for taper threads comprises a rod feeding mechanism, a synchronous clamp and a power head which are sequentially arranged on a rack; the clamping centers of the synchronous clamp holder, the power head and the rod feeding mechanism are coaxial;

the connecting piece is connected with the connected piece through small taper threads; the synchronous clamp holder is used for clamping and fixing any one of the connecting piece and the connected piece, and the power head is used for clamping the other one and providing screwing and unscrewing power torque; the rod conveying mechanism is used for axially conveying the connecting piece and the connected piece; and a plurality of supporting components are arranged on the frame at intervals and used for supporting the connecting piece and the connected piece.

Further, the power head comprises a chuck shell, a power head clamping assembly arranged in the chuck shell, and pistons arranged at two sides of the power head clamping assembly and used for driving the power head clamping assembly to open and close; the power head clamping assembly comprises a hollow main shaft, slips and a slip sleeve; the side wall of the hollow main shaft is provided with a slip groove, and the slips are arranged in the slip groove;

the hollow main shaft is arranged in the slip sleeve, and a chute which is inclined along the axial direction of the hollow main shaft is arranged on the slip sleeve; one end of the slip is arranged in the chute and is in sliding fit with the chute, and the other end of the slip penetrates through the slip groove and extends into the inner cavity of the hollow main shaft;

the two pistons are respectively arranged at two sides of the slip sleeve and used for driving the slip sleeve to axially move along the hollow main shaft, so that the slip is driven to radially move along the hollow main shaft through the chute, and the power head clamping assembly is opened and closed; a bearing capable of bearing axial force is arranged between the two pistons and the slip sleeve, the bearing is sleeved on the slip sleeve, the piston pushes the slip sleeve to axially move through the bearing, and the hollow main shaft, the slip sleeve and the slip realize circumferential rotation under the support of the two bearings; and one end of the hollow main shaft, which is far away from the slips, is connected with a driver, and the hollow main shaft is driven to rotate through the driver.

Further, a reset spring is arranged on one side of the piston opposite to the slip sleeve, one end of the reset spring is propped against the piston, the other end of the reset spring is propped against the end face of the bearing, and the bearing keeps the ball and the rollaway nest from each other under the action of the reset spring.

Further, the chuck shell is fixedly arranged on a base, and a movable guide rail is arranged on the base and is in sliding fit with the frame through the movable guide rail; the chuck shell is provided with an operating handle for pushing the power head to move.

Further, one side, close to the end face of the hollow main shaft, of the slip groove is provided with an opening, and the slips are assembled and disassembled through the opening; the end face of the hollow main shaft is provided with a main shaft gland which is detachably connected, and the opening is covered by the main shaft gland.

Further, the synchronous clamp comprises two symmetrically arranged clamp clamping assemblies, the two clamp clamping assemblies are connected through a synchronous mechanism, and the synchronous mechanism comprises a synchronous pull rod and a synchronous turntable; the synchronous turntable is rotationally arranged between the two clamp holder clamping assemblies; the two synchronous pull rods are respectively arranged at the two sides of the synchronous turntable; one end of each of the two synchronous pull rods is hinged with the synchronous turntable, and the length extension line of the synchronous pull rod is not longer than the rotation center of the synchronous turntable; the other ends of the two synchronous pull rods are respectively and rotatably connected with a clamp holder clamping assembly through synchronous pin shafts; when the clamp holder clamping assembly moves, the synchronous pull rods drive the driving turntable to rotate, and the two synchronous pull rods drive the two clamp holder clamping assemblies to synchronously move under the action of the synchronous turntable.

Further, the connecting piece and the connected piece are round drill pipes; a centralizer is also arranged on the frame; the centering device is provided with a centering hole which is coaxial with the clamping center of the synchronous clamp holder; the centralizer is arranged between the power head and the synchronous clamp holder and is close to the synchronous clamp holder; the drill rod passes through the centralizing hole and is supported and positioned through the centralizing hole; the clearance between the centralizing hole and the excircle of the drill rod joint is 0.2-0.4 mm.

Further, the rod conveying mechanism comprises a movable pulley block, a rotary pulley block and an installation bottom plate which are respectively positioned at two sides of the drill rod and are oppositely arranged, the movable pulley block and the rotary pulley block are respectively arranged on the installation bottom plate, and the installation bottom plate is fixedly connected with the frame; the movable pulley block is slidably mounted on the mounting bottom plate through a sliding rail, and the rotary pulley block is fixedly arranged on the opposite side of the movable pulley block; the movable pulley block is connected with a telescopic mechanism, and the rotary pulley block is connected with a driving element; the telescopic mechanism drives the movable pulley block to approach the rotary pulley block to clamp the drill rod, and the driving element drives the rotary pulley block to rotate, so that the drill rod is driven to axially move through friction force.

Further, the movable pulley block comprises a fixed pulley and a sliding seat, the fixed pulley is arranged on the sliding seat, the sliding seat is slidably arranged on the mounting base plate through a sliding rail, one end of the telescopic mechanism is fixedly arranged on the mounting base plate, the other end of the telescopic mechanism is connected with the sliding seat, and the sliding seat is driven to slide.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

(1) The utility model mainly comprises a synchronous clamp holder, a power head, a centralizer, a rod feeding mechanism, a frame, an operating handle and a supporting component. The function of synchronous holder is the screwed joint of one end in the centre gripping connection screw thread pair to two clamping components can realize mechanical synchronization removal, and the precision is high, and the centering is accurate firm. The power head has the functions of clamping the threaded joint at the other end of the connecting thread pair, providing power torque, overcoming friction torque of the connecting thread pair and realizing mechanical action of tightening and loosening of the small taper thread. And a clearance exists between the righting hole of the centralizer and the excircle of the drill rod, namely, the non-concentric error of the male thread and the female thread is eliminated. The power head clamps the rear end of the drill rod, and the error of the non-concentricity of the threads is eliminated again through the axial length disturbance of the drill rod, so that the connected threads reach the screwing-off state of the manual pipe wrench, and the threads are not worn.

(2) According to the utility model, the centers of the centralizer, the rod feeding mechanism and the synchronous clamp holder are high in consistency, and particularly the centralizer is close to the synchronous clamp holder, so that the excircle of the drill rod joint to be connected penetrating through the centralizer is concentric with the center hole of the centralizer. Meanwhile, the axial disturbance degree of the long rod piece is skillfully utilized as a swinging gap for mechanically screwing and unscrewing the threads, and the manual screwing and unscrewing state is simulated. The synchronous clamp holder realizes centering and positioning, and ensures that the center position of the drill rod is unchanged.

(3) The small taper threaded drill rod directly adopts the design tool and the control method, so that the mechanical automatic screwing and unscrewing of threads can be realized, the labor intensity is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. The power head can adjust the interval, is applicable to the drilling rod of multiple specification.

(4) According to the utility model, the power head adopts bidirectional hydraulic drive slip sleeve to generate axial displacement, axial motion is converted into radial motion by utilizing inclined plane fit, the multi-flap slips simultaneously clamp and loosen a workpiece with high precision through the inclined groove in the slip sleeve, and the concentricity precision is high, so that the drill rod is clamped with high precision and synchronous centering. The power head has the advantages that the structure is reliable and simple, an oil distribution sleeve is not needed, the service life of a chuck is greatly prolonged, the power device for clamping the drill rod by high-precision synchronous centering is realized by a plurality of slips, and the output rotating speed is lower than or equal to 150r/min. The device is suitable for occasions with small dust in workshops or rooms and occasions with large torque and low rotation speed. The power output end (hollow main shaft) of the driver is simultaneously used as an installation shaft of the slips by the power head, and the integral rotation of the clamping assembly is realized by utilizing the bearing axial force, so that the clamping requirement of a drill rod is met, and the rotating power requirement during clamping the drill rod is also realized. The chuck slips are replaced by the power head conveniently, simply and quickly, and the slips can be taken out from the slip grooves for replacement only by disassembling the screw and taking down the main shaft gland.

(5) According to the utility model, the rod feeding mechanism adopts a plurality of groups of fixed pulleys to tightly press and convey the drill rods, the drill string conveying is realized by utilizing friction force, the function of feeding or recovering the drill rods is realized by changing the rotation direction of the rotary pulley block, the efficiency is high, and the problem of large axial space size of the conventional drill rod conveying mechanism is solved. The clamp or chuck can be used to grip the drill string while not delivering drill pipe, while also being capable of withstanding torque loads.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the utility model. The objects and other advantages of the utility model may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the specification.

Drawings

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the present utility model will be described in the following preferred detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of the automatic screwing and unscrewing tool for taper threads.

Fig. 2 is an overall view of the power head.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a slip housing of a power head.

Fig. 4 is an overall schematic diagram of a synchronous gripper.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a synchronizing mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is an overall schematic view of the lever feeding mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a top view of the feed bar mechanism.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a front view of the lever feeding mechanism.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view of B-B in fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a centralizer.

Reference numerals: 1-a frame; 2-a power head; 3-operating a handle; 4-a drill rod; 5-a support assembly; 6-centralizer; 7-synchronous grippers; 8-a rod feeding mechanism; 201-a chuck housing; 202-thrust bearings; 203-slip sleeve; 204-Yx sealing rings; 205-transition disc; 206-positioning a disc; 207-driver; 208-bearing one; 209-bearing two; 210-positioning the semi-ring; 211-bearing cap; 212-bond; 213-bearing seats; 214-piston two; 215-linear guide rail; 216-base; 217-return spring; 218-spindle gland; 219-piston one; 220-end caps; 221-first hydraulic chamber; 222-a second hydraulic chamber; 223-power head slips; 224-hollow spindle; 61-centralizing the hole; 701-gripper slips; 702-reinforcing the cover plate; 703-slip bowl; 704-cover plate; 705-upper pad; 706-slip movement blocks; 707-a piston rod; 708-a piston; 709-a piston housing; 710—end cap; 711-gland; 712-lower backing plate; 713-a support; 714—a synchronization pin; 715-a bottom plate; 716-synchronous pull rod; 717-synchronizing the carousel; 718-a cavity; 719-B lumen; 81-moving pulley blocks; 82-rotating pulley blocks; 83-telescoping mechanism; 84-sliding seat; 85-mounting a bottom plate; 86-sliding rails; 87-sliding blocks; 88-driver.

Detailed Description

Other advantages and effects of the present utility model will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present utility model with reference to specific examples. The utility model may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic idea of the present utility model by way of illustration, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

Wherein the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are shown in schematic, non-physical, and not intended to limit the utility model; for the purpose of better illustrating embodiments of the utility model, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the size of the actual product; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.

The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings of embodiments of the utility model correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that, if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., that indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or suggesting that the referred device or element must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, so that the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are merely for exemplary illustration and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model, and that the specific meaning of the above terms may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Referring to fig. 1 to 12, an automatic screwing and unscrewing tool for taper threads comprises a rod feeding mechanism 8, a synchronous clamp 7 and a power head 2 which are sequentially arranged on a frame 1; the clamping centers of the synchronous clamp 7, the power head 2 and the rod feeding mechanism 8 are coaxial; the connecting piece is connected with the connected piece through small taper threads; the synchronous clamp holder 7 is used for clamping and fixing any one of the connecting piece and the connected piece, and the power head 2 is used for clamping the other one and providing screwing and unscrewing power torque; the rod conveying mechanism 8 is used for axially conveying the connecting piece and the connected piece; the frame 1 is also provided with a plurality of supporting components 5 at intervals for supporting the connecting piece and the connected piece.

The power head 2 comprises a chuck shell 201, a power head clamping assembly arranged in the chuck shell 201, and pistons arranged at two sides of the power head clamping assembly and used for driving the power head clamping assembly to open and close; the power head clamping assembly comprises a hollow main shaft 224, a power head slip 223 and a slip sleeve 203; a power head slip 223 groove is formed in the side wall of the hollow main shaft 224, and the power head slip 223 is arranged in the power head slip 223 groove; the hollow main shaft 224 is arranged in the slip sleeve 203, and a chute which is inclined along the axial direction of the hollow main shaft 224 is arranged on the slip sleeve 203; one end of the power head slip 223 is arranged in the chute and is in sliding fit with the chute, and the other end passes through the power head slip 223 groove and extends into the inner cavity of the hollow main shaft 224.

The piston is arranged in the chuck shell 201, two pistons are respectively a first piston 219 and a second piston 214, the first piston 219 and the second piston 214 are respectively arranged on two sides of the slip sleeve 203, movable sealing is carried out between the first piston 219 and the second piston 214 and the chuck shell 201 through the Yx sealing ring 204, a first hydraulic cavity 221 is arranged between the first piston 219 and the chuck shell 201, a second hydraulic cavity 222 is arranged between the second piston 214 and the chuck shell 201, hydraulic connectors are respectively arranged on the first hydraulic cavity 221 and the second hydraulic cavity 222, and pressure oil is injected into the first hydraulic cavity 221 and the second hydraulic cavity 222 to drive the first piston 219 and the second piston 214 to move axially. The first piston 219 and the second piston 214 drive the slip sleeve 203 to axially move along the hollow main shaft 224, so that the power head slip 223 is driven by the chute to radially move along the hollow main shaft 224, and the power head clamping assembly is opened and closed.

The thrust bearings 202 are arranged between the two pistons and the slip sleeve 203, the thrust bearings 202 are sleeved on the slip sleeve 203, the pistons push the slip sleeve 203 to axially move through the thrust bearings 202, and the hollow main shaft 224, the slip sleeve 203 and the power head slip 223 realize circumferential rotation under the support of the two thrust bearings 202. A return spring 217 is arranged on the opposite side of the piston to the slip sleeve 203, one end of the return spring 217 abuts against the piston, the other end abuts against the end face of the thrust bearing 202, and the thrust bearing 202 keeps the balls and the rollaway nest from being separated under the action of the return spring 217.

The number of the power head slips 223 is 3, the power head slips 223 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the hollow main shaft 224, and grooves and inclined grooves of the power head slips 223 correspond to the power head slips 223 one by one. An opening is formed in one side, close to the end face of the hollow main shaft 224, of the power head slip 223 groove, and the power head slip 223 is assembled and disassembled through the opening; the spindle gland 218 is integrally connected with the hollow spindle 224 through 9 bolts, so that the axial displacement of the power head slip 223 is limited, the power head slip 223, the slip sleeve 203, the thrust bearing 202, the first piston 219 and the second piston 214 are integrally formed, and the two thrust bearings 202 can rotate together with the hollow spindle 224 to transmit torque.

Wherein, the hollow main shaft 224 is connected with the driver 207 far away from the one end of power head slips 223, drives hollow main shaft 224 rotatory through driver 207. The driver 207 is provided with a bearing seat 213 rotatably connected with the driver, and the hollow main shaft 224 is connected with the bearing seat 213 through a key 212 and is supported on the bearing seat 213 through a first bearing 208 and a second bearing 209, and the first bearing 208 and the second bearing 209 are fixed in the bearing seat 213 through a bearing cover 211. The driver 207 drives the hollow main shaft 224 to rotate through the bearing seat 213; a positioning semi-ring 210 is arranged between the bearing seat 213 and the hollow main shaft 224, and axial limiting is performed through the positioning semi-ring 210.

One end of the chuck housing 201 is provided with an end cover 220 through a screw, the end cover 220 is in sealing fit with a piston one 219, the other end of the chuck housing 201 is provided with a transition disc 205, and the hollow main shaft 224 is supported by a bearing one 208 and a bearing two 209 to realize rotary motion. The drive 207 is positionally mounted on the transition disc 205 by means of a puck 206.

The shape of the chute is a T-shaped chute or a dovetail groove or a semicircular arc chute.

The chuck shell 201 is fixedly arranged on the base 216 through 2 guide shafts on two sides, 2 sets of linear guide rails 215 are arranged on the base 216, and an operating handle 3 is arranged on the chuck shell 201 and used for pushing the power head 2 to integrally move along the linear guide rails 215.

The working principle of the power head is as follows:

when the first hydraulic cavity 221 is filled with oil, the first piston 219, the left thrust bearing 202 and the slip sleeve 203 are pushed to move rightward for a certain distance, and the right return spring 217 is compressed, so that the three-valve power head slip 223 radially tightens and clamps the drill rod 4 at the same time;

when the second hydraulic cavity 222 is filled with oil, the second piston 214, the right thrust bearing 202 and the slip sleeve 203 are pushed to move leftwards by a certain distance, the left return spring 217 is compressed, the three-valve chuck power head slips 223 are radially expanded at the same time, and the drill rod 4 is loosened.

The synchronous clamp 7 comprises two symmetrically arranged clamp clamping assemblies, the two clamp clamping assemblies are connected through a synchronous mechanism, and the synchronous mechanism comprises a synchronous pull rod 716 and a synchronous turntable 717; the synchronous turntable 717 is rotatably arranged between the two gripper clamping components; two synchronous pull rods 716 are respectively arranged at two sides of the synchronous turntable 717; one end of each of the two synchronous pull rods 716 is hinged with the synchronous turntable 717, and the length extension line of the synchronous pull rod 716 is not longer than the rotation center of the synchronous turntable 717; the other ends of the two synchronous pull rods 716 are respectively and rotatably connected with a clamp holder clamping assembly through synchronous pin shafts 714; when the gripper clamping assemblies move, the synchronous pull rods 716 drive the driving turntable to rotate, and the two synchronous pull rods 716 drive the two gripper clamping assemblies to synchronously move under the action of the synchronous turntable 717.

The gripper gripping assembly includes a gland 711, end cap 710, piston housing 709, piston 708, piston rod 707, slip travel block 706, upper backing plate 705, lower backing plate 712, slip bowl 703, and gripper slip 701;

the gripper slips 701 are detachably arranged on a slip seat 703, the slip seat 703 is fixedly arranged on a slip moving block 706, an upper backing plate 705 and a lower backing plate 712 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the slip moving block 706, and the slip moving block 706 is in sliding fit with the upper backing plate 705 and the lower backing plate 712; a cover plate 704 is arranged above the upper backing plate 705, and the cover plate 704 above the two clamp holding assemblies is fixedly connected through a reinforced cover plate 702. The lower backing plate 712 is fixedly arranged on the support 713, the support 713 is provided with a through hole, the synchronous turntable 717 is rotatably arranged on the bottom plate 715, the two synchronous pull rods 716 are respectively connected with one synchronous pin shaft 714, the synchronous pin shafts 714 pass through the through holes to be connected with the slip moving blocks 706, the synchronous turntable 717 is arranged between the support 713 and the bottom plate 715, and the synchronous movement of the two gripper clamping assemblies is realized through the two synchronous pull rods 716.

Slip moving block 706 is fixedly connected with one end of piston rod 707 through bolts; piston 708 is slidably mounted within piston housing 709, piston rod 707 being fixedly connected to piston 708; the interior of the piston housing 709 is divided into an A cavity 718 and a B cavity 719 by a piston 708, and the end of the piston housing 709 is sealed with a gland 711 by an end cover 710; hydraulic oil is introduced into both the a chamber 718 and the B chamber 719, thereby hydraulically controlling movement of the piston 708.

When the A cavity 718 supplies oil, the piston 708, the piston rod 707, the clamping moving block, the slip bowl 703 and the gripper slips 701 are hydraulically pushed to clamp the drill rod 4 towards the center; conversely, when the B-chamber 719 is in oil, the pushing piston 708 pulls the piston rod 707, slip travel block 706, slip bowl 703 and gripper slip 701 away from center, releasing the drill pipe 4.

The connecting piece and the connected piece in the embodiment are round drill rods; the frame 1 is also provided with a centralizer 6; the centralizer 6 is provided with a centralizing hole 61, and the centralizing hole 61 is coaxial with the clamping center of the synchronous clamp 7; the centralizer 6 is arranged between the power head 2 and the synchronous clamp 7 and is close to the synchronous clamp 7; the drill rod 5 passes through the centralizing hole 61 and is supported and positioned through the centralizing hole 61; the clearance between the centralizing hole 61 and the excircle of the joint of the drill rod 5 is 0.2-0.4 mm.

The rod conveying mechanism 8 comprises a movable pulley block 81 and a rotary pulley block 82 which are respectively positioned at two sides of the drill rod 5 and are oppositely arranged, the movable pulley block 81 is connected with a telescopic mechanism 83, and the rotary pulley block 82 is connected with a driver 88; the telescopic mechanism 83 drives the movable pulley block 81 to approach the rotary pulley block 82 to clamp the drill rod, and the driver 88 drives the rotary pulley block 82 to rotate, so that the drill rod is driven to axially move through friction force. Still include mounting plate 85, remove assembly pulley 81 and rotatory assembly pulley 82 all install on mounting plate 85, remove assembly pulley 81 through slide rail 86 slidable mounting on mounting plate 85, rotatory assembly pulley 82 fixed mounting is in the offside of removing assembly pulley 81, and remove assembly pulley 81 is close to or keep away from rotatory assembly pulley 82 under telescopic machanism 83's drive.

The movable pulley block 81 comprises a fixed pulley and a sliding seat 84, the fixed pulley is mounted on the sliding seat 84, the sliding seat 84 is slidably mounted on a mounting bottom plate 85 through a sliding rail 86, one end of a telescopic mechanism 83 is fixedly mounted on the mounting bottom plate 85, the other end of the telescopic mechanism is connected with the sliding seat 84, and the sliding seat 84 is driven to slide. The mounting baseplate 85 is fixedly provided with a sliding block 87, the sliding rail 86 is in sliding fit with the sliding block 87, and the sliding seat 84 is fixedly arranged on the sliding rail 86 through a screw.

In this embodiment, 2 fixed pulleys are arranged along the axial direction of the drill rod. The rotary pulley block 82 is arranged one in the axial direction of the drill rod, in the middle of the 2 fixed pulleys.

Wherein the driver 88 comprises a driving element, a movable disk and a fixed disk; the driving element is fixedly mounted on a fixed disc which is fixedly connected with a mounting bottom plate 85, the movable disc is connected with an output shaft of the driving element, and the rotary pulley block 82 is connected with the movable disc.

The telescopic mechanism 83 in this embodiment may be a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder.

The size parameters of the circular arc grooves in the movable pulley block 81 and the rotary pulley block 82 in the embodiment are consistent with the parameters (radius) of the drill rod to be conveyed. A plurality of grooves are arranged in the arc grooves in a crossed mode and used for increasing unit specific pressure, increasing friction coefficient and further increasing friction force. And the pulley slips with different specifications are replaced, so that the conveying of the circular drill pipes with different specifications and sizes is realized.

In the embodiment, the centralizer 6, the rod feeding mechanism 8 and the synchronous clamp 7 are arranged at the front end of the frame 1, so that the center heights of the centralizer 6, the rod feeding mechanism 8 and the synchronous clamp 7 are consistent, particularly the centralizer 6 is close to the synchronous clamp 7, the excircle of a drill rod joint to be connected penetrating through the centralizer 6 is concentric with the centralizing hole 61, and a gap of 0.2-0.4 mm exists between the centralizing hole 61 and the excircle of the drill rod 4 head; the power head 2 is arranged at the middle and rear sections of the frame through a linear guide rail, so that axial free sliding is realized, and the length of the linear guide rail can be adapted to the small taper threaded connection of a 1500mm drill rod or a 3000mm drill rod.

The automatic screwing-off tool for the taper thread in the embodiment is not only suitable for small taper thread connection, but also suitable for common taper thread connection.

The small taper thread circular drill rod 4 is connected and disconnected by adopting the taper thread automatic screwing and unscrewing tool in the embodiment;

the drill rod connecting step comprises the following steps:

(1) Manually feeding a first drill rod 4 into the synchronous clamp holder 7 through the support assembly 5 and the centralizer 6, supporting the drill rod 4 by the synchronous clamp holder 7 and the support assembly 5 at the front end, and operating the synchronous clamp holder 7 to clamp the drill rod 4;

(2) Manually feeding a second drill rod 4 into the centralizer 6 through the middle supporting component 5, moving the power head 2 forward to a corresponding position, operating the power head 2 to clamp the excircle of the female thread of the drill rod 4, and rotating the drill rod 4;

(3) The power head 2 and the drill rod 4 are pushed to move forwards manually through the operating handle 3, threads are screwed until the threads are screwed, and the chuck of the power head 2 is loosened to loosen the drill rod 4;

(4) The rod feeding mechanism 8 is operated to clamp the drill rod 4, and the synchronous clamp holder 7 releases the drill rod 4; then the rod feeding mechanism 8 is operated to rotate, the drill rod 4 assembly moves forwards under the support of the support assembly 5 until the female thread end of the rear drill rod 4 moves to the clamping position of the synchronous clamp 7, and the feeding is stopped; operating the synchronous clamp 7 to clamp the drill rod 4 assembly;

(5) Pulling the operating handle 3 to enable the power head 2 to move backwards, and manually conveying the third drill rod 4 into the centralizer 6 through the middle supporting component 5, and supporting the third drill rod by the centralizer 6 and the middle supporting component 5;

(6) Pulling the operating handle 3 to enable the power head 2 to move forward to a corresponding position, and operating the power head 2 to clamp the drill rod 4; the power head 2 is matched with the synchronous clamp 7 to rotate so as to realize the screw tightening of the drill rod 4;

(7) Sequentially repeating (2) - (6) until the drill rod 4 assembly is connected to a set length;

the disassembly steps of the drill rod are as follows:

(1) The power head 2 and the synchronous clamp 7 are operated to be in a loosening state, so that the threaded connection position of the last drill rod 4 of the drill rod 4 assembly is positioned at the synchronous clamp 7, and the rod feeding mechanism 8 is operated to be in a clamping state;

(2) Operating the rod feeding mechanism 8 to rotate to drive the drill rod 4 assembly to move back by the length of a single drill rod 4, so that the drill rod 4 enters the power head 2;

(3) The synchronous clamp 7 and the power head 2 are operated to clamp the drill rod 4 assembly, the power head 2 is reversely matched with the clamp to realize thread loosening, and the power head 2 and the drill rod 4 clamped by the power head 2 to release the threads are automatically retracted to release the pitch distance;

(4) Loosening the power head 2, and pulling the operating handle 3 to enable the power head 2 to move backwards for a certain distance to expose the joint of the drill rod 4; manually removing the detached drill rod 4 from the support assembly 5 in front of the power head 2, and reversely pulling the operating handle 3 to enable the power head 2 to move forwards to a designated position;

(5) And (4) operating the synchronous clamp holder 7 to loosen the assembly of the drill rods 4, repeating the steps (2) - (4), disassembling the next drill rod 4, and sequentially disassembling the drill rods 4 until all the screw thread pairs are completely screwed and disassembled.

Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model and not for limiting the same, and although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, which is intended to be covered by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an automatic frock of unloading of twisting of tapering screw thread which characterized in that: comprises a rod feeding mechanism, a synchronous clamp and a power head which are sequentially arranged on a frame; the clamping centers of the synchronous clamp holder, the power head and the rod feeding mechanism are coaxial;

the connecting piece is connected with the connected piece through small taper threads; the synchronous clamp holder is used for clamping and fixing any one of the connecting piece and the connected piece, and the power head is used for clamping the other one and providing screwing and unscrewing power torque; the rod conveying mechanism is used for axially conveying the connecting piece and the connected piece; and a plurality of supporting components are arranged on the frame at intervals and used for supporting the connecting piece and the connected piece.

2. The taper thread automatic screwing and unscrewing tool according to claim 1, wherein: the power head comprises a chuck shell, a power head clamping assembly arranged in the chuck shell, and pistons arranged on two sides of the power head clamping assembly and used for driving the power head clamping assembly to open and close; the power head clamping assembly comprises a hollow main shaft, slips and a slip sleeve; the side wall of the hollow main shaft is provided with a slip groove, and the slips are arranged in the slip groove;

the hollow main shaft is arranged in the slip sleeve, and a chute which is inclined along the axial direction of the hollow main shaft is arranged on the slip sleeve; one end of the slip is arranged in the chute and is in sliding fit with the chute, and the other end of the slip penetrates through the slip groove and extends into the inner cavity of the hollow main shaft;

the two pistons are respectively arranged at two sides of the slip sleeve and used for driving the slip sleeve to axially move along the hollow main shaft, so that the slip is driven to radially move along the hollow main shaft through the chute, and the power head clamping assembly is opened and closed; a bearing capable of bearing axial force is arranged between the two pistons and the slip sleeve, the bearing is sleeved on the slip sleeve, the piston pushes the slip sleeve to axially move through the bearing, and the hollow main shaft, the slip sleeve and the slip realize circumferential rotation under the support of the two bearings; and one end of the hollow main shaft, which is far away from the slips, is connected with a driver, and the hollow main shaft is driven to rotate through the driver.

3. The taper thread automatic screwing and unscrewing tool according to claim 2, wherein: and one side of the piston, which is opposite to the slip sleeve, is provided with a return spring, one end of the return spring is propped against the piston, the other end of the return spring is propped against the end face of the bearing, and the bearing keeps the ball and the rollaway nest from each other under the action of the return spring.

4. The taper thread automatic screwing and unscrewing tool according to claim 2, wherein: the chuck shell is fixedly arranged on a base, a movable guide rail is arranged on the base, and the chuck shell is in sliding fit with the rack through the movable guide rail; the chuck shell is provided with an operating handle for pushing the power head to move.

5. The taper thread automatic screwing and unscrewing tool according to claim 2, wherein: the slip groove is provided with an opening at one side close to the end face of the hollow main shaft, and the slips are assembled and disassembled through the opening; the end face of the hollow main shaft is provided with a main shaft gland which is detachably connected, and the opening is covered by the main shaft gland.

6. The taper thread automatic screwing and unscrewing tool according to claim 1, wherein: the synchronous clamp comprises two symmetrically arranged clamp clamping assemblies, wherein the two clamp clamping assemblies are connected through a synchronous mechanism, and the synchronous mechanism comprises a synchronous pull rod and a synchronous turntable; the synchronous turntable is rotationally arranged between the two clamp holder clamping assemblies; the two synchronous pull rods are respectively arranged at the two sides of the synchronous turntable; one end of each of the two synchronous pull rods is hinged with the synchronous turntable, and the length extension line of the synchronous pull rod is not longer than the rotation center of the synchronous turntable; the other ends of the two synchronous pull rods are respectively and rotatably connected with a clamp holder clamping assembly through synchronous pin shafts; when the clamp holder clamping assembly moves, the synchronous pull rods drive the driving turntable to rotate, and the two synchronous pull rods drive the two clamp holder clamping assemblies to synchronously move under the action of the synchronous turntable.

7. The taper thread automatic screwing and unscrewing tool according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting piece and the connected piece are round drill pipes; a centralizer is also arranged on the frame; the centering device is provided with a centering hole which is coaxial with the clamping center of the synchronous clamp holder; the centralizer is arranged between the power head and the synchronous clamp holder and is close to the synchronous clamp holder; the drill rod passes through the centralizing hole and is supported and positioned through the centralizing hole; the clearance between the centralizing hole and the excircle of the drill rod joint is 0.2-0.4 mm.

8. The taper thread automatic screwing and unscrewing tool according to claim 7, wherein: the rod conveying mechanism comprises a movable pulley block, a rotary pulley block and an installation bottom plate which are respectively positioned at two sides of the drill rod and are oppositely arranged, wherein the movable pulley block and the rotary pulley block are respectively arranged on the installation bottom plate, and the installation bottom plate is fixedly connected with the frame; the movable pulley block is slidably mounted on the mounting bottom plate through a sliding rail, and the rotary pulley block is fixedly arranged on the opposite side of the movable pulley block; the movable pulley block is connected with a telescopic mechanism, and the rotary pulley block is connected with a driving element; the telescopic mechanism drives the movable pulley block to approach the rotary pulley block to clamp the drill rod, and the driving element drives the rotary pulley block to rotate, so that the drill rod is driven to axially move through friction force.

9. The taper thread automatic screwing and unscrewing tool as recited in claim 8, wherein: the movable pulley block comprises a fixed pulley and a sliding seat, the fixed pulley is arranged on the sliding seat, the sliding seat is slidably arranged on a mounting bottom plate through a sliding rail, one end of the telescopic mechanism is fixedly arranged on the mounting bottom plate, and the other end of the telescopic mechanism is connected with the sliding seat to drive the sliding seat to slide.