CN220708063U - Large-scale suspension smelting equipment with multifunctional conversion device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a large-scale suspension smelting device with a multifunctional conversion device, which comprises: a vacuum melting chamber; water-cooling the copper crucible; the induction coil surrounds the periphery of the water-cooled copper crucible; the die device is arranged in the vacuum smelting chamber and is positioned below the water-cooled copper crucible; a multi-function conversion device disposed atop a vacuum melting chamber, the multi-function conversion device comprising: the lower end of the cylinder interface is communicated with the vacuum smelting chamber in a sealing way and is positioned above the water-cooled copper crucible; the lower ends of the functional cylinders can be communicated with the upper ends of the cylinder interfaces in a sealing way, and operating machines for realizing different functions are respectively arranged in the functional cylinders; the rotary drum frame can transfer one of a plurality of functional drums to the upper end of the drum interface to be in sealing butt joint with the drum interface. The multifunctional conversion device is arranged on the top of the smelting chamber, and the device can be used for carrying out various operations on the chamber under the condition that the smelting chamber is not opened and the vacuum or argon filling atmosphere is not damaged in the smelting process.

Description

Large-scale suspension smelting equipment with multifunctional conversion device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of smelting and casting equipment, in particular to large-scale suspension smelting equipment with a multifunctional conversion device.

Background

Suspension smelting is one of the most advanced material preparation techniques that eliminates contamination of the bath with crucible material, which has been applied in advanced material development work.

However, the specifications of the conventional suspension smelting equipment are generally smaller, and the smelting quantity is smaller than tens of kg/furnace, so that the conventional suspension smelting equipment cannot meet the requirements of production tasks of large-scale material enterprises. In order to meet the requirements for increasing the size of the suspension smelting equipment, such as smelting volume exceeding 100 kg/furnace, it is first considered to increase the size of the water-cooled copper crucible, which is the core part of the suspension smelting technology, and accordingly, the size of the equipment such as the vacuum smelting chamber, etc. needs to be increased.

However, increasing the equipment specifications faces new technical problems, and the mould and ingot of large suspension smelting equipment are heavy, and the difficulty in loading and unloading the mould and castings is greatly increased. Furthermore, the suspension smelting plant is generally equipped with several operating mechanisms, such as secondary charging, temperature measurement and on-line sampling, which are required to be performed without opening the vacuum smelting chamber and without breaking its vacuum or argon-filled environment during suspension smelting, which should be done with automated machinery for large suspension smelting plants.

Therefore, how to provide a large-sized suspension smelting apparatus capable of supporting a suspension smelting process of 100kg or more has become a technical problem to be solved in this field.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a design scheme for solving the technical difficulty of manufacturing the large-scale suspension smelting equipment. The key points include: the crucible tipping device comprises a positive direction and a negative direction, is used for casting and disassembling the crucible respectively, is convenient for tapping operation by the linkage of the mold car and the furnace door, and is provided with a multifunctional conversion device for secondary feeding, temperature measurement and analysis sample taking.

The utility model provides a large-scale suspension smelting apparatus with a multifunctional conversion device, comprising:

a vacuum melting chamber;

the water-cooled copper crucible is arranged in the vacuum smelting chamber;

the induction coil is arranged in the vacuum smelting chamber and surrounds the periphery of the water-cooled copper crucible;

the die device is arranged in the vacuum smelting chamber and is positioned below the water-cooled copper crucible;

a multi-function conversion device disposed atop a vacuum melting chamber, wherein the multi-function conversion device comprises:

the lower end of the cylinder interface is communicated with the vacuum smelting chamber in a sealing way and is positioned above the water-cooled copper crucible;

the lower ends of the functional cylinders can be communicated with the upper ends of the cylinder interfaces in a sealing way, and operating machines for realizing different functions are respectively arranged in the functional cylinders;

the rotary drum frame can transfer one of a plurality of functional drums to the upper end of the drum interface to be in sealing butt joint with the drum interface.

Further, the cartridge interface includes:

the interface cylinder is provided with a vacuum valve connected with a vacuum unit of a vacuum system, an argon filling valve and an air discharging valve connected with an argon filling device of the vacuum system;

the vacuum gate valve is arranged in the middle of the interface cylinder in a sealing way, and when the functional cylinder needs to be replaced, the space below the vacuum gate valve is closed.

Further, the vacuum gate valve is hermetically arranged on the interface cylinder through a lower end flange above the vacuum gate valve and a cylinder interface flange below the vacuum gate valve;

the upper end flange of the interface cylinder is in sealing connection with the lower flange of the functional cylinder, and the upper end of the functional cylinder is provided with a cylinder cover flange.

Further, the drum rack includes:

the turntable is fixedly arranged on the roof of the vacuum smelting chamber and is far away from the cylinder interface;

the rotating shaft is vertically inserted into the rotary table, can rotate by taking the axis of the rotary table as the center and can lift in a small range;

the rotating arms are the same in number as the functional cylinders and are radially arranged on the periphery of the rotating shaft;

the fixer is arranged at one end of the rotating arm far away from the rotating shaft and is used for installing the functional cylinder;

and the power machine is used for driving the rotation and lifting of the rotating shaft.

Further, a crucible frame and a crucible shaft are arranged on one side of the water-cooled copper crucible;

the crucible frame and the crucible shaft are both arranged in the vacuum melting chamber, the water-cooled copper crucible is arranged on the bottom plate of the crucible frame, the side edge of the crucible frame, which is far away from the water-cooled copper crucible, is fixedly connected with one end of the crucible shaft, and the other end of the crucible shaft is in transmission connection with the crucible tipping device;

wherein the tilting angle of the water-cooled copper crucible is configured to include positive and negative directions;

positive direction tipping is used in the casting process and negative direction tipping is used for installation and removal of the water-cooled copper crucible.

Further, the mold device includes:

the mould vehicle is movably arranged above the bottom of the vacuum melting chamber, one end of the mould vehicle is positioned below the water-cooled copper crucible, and the other end of the mould vehicle is fixedly connected with the inner side of the chamber door;

the die is arranged on the die trolley;

the chamber door is push-pull, and the push-pull direction is far away from the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber or near to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber.

Further, the die trolley comprises:

the trolley rail is paved above the bottom of the vacuum smelting chamber, one end of the trolley rail is positioned below the water-cooled copper crucible, and the other end of the trolley rail is positioned at the inner side of the chamber door;

the roller is arranged on the vehicle rail;

and the die table is arranged on the roller, and the die is arranged on the die table.

Further, a moving wheel is arranged on the bottom surface of the chamber door, and a door rail matched with the moving wheel is arranged outside the chamber door.

Further, the functional cylinders are three, and are a secondary charging cylinder, a temperature measuring cylinder and a sampling cylinder respectively.

Further, a charging rod penetrates through a sealing structure of a cylinder cover flange of the secondary charging cylinder and stretches into the cylinder, a charging hopper is arranged at the top end of the charging rod, and a bottom cover is arranged at the bottom of the charging hopper;

and/or the temperature measuring rod penetrates through the sealing structure of the cylinder cover flange of the temperature measuring cylinder and stretches into the cylinder, and a thermocouple is arranged at the top end of the temperature measuring rod;

and/or the sampling rod penetrates through the sealing structure of the cylinder cover flange of the sampling cylinder and stretches into the cylinder, and the top end of the sampling rod is provided with the sampling cup.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

1. a crucible tilting device with positive and negative tilting capability is designed, wherein the positive tilting is used for the casting process, and the negative tilting is used for the installation and the disassembly of the crucible. Negative tipping is of great importance for heavy large crucibles.

2. The mould car linked with the chamber door of the vacuum melting chamber is designed, so that the labor intensity of large-scale equipment in mounting and dismounting heavy moulds and castings is reduced.

3. The multifunctional conversion device is arranged on the top of the smelting chamber, and the device can be used for carrying out various operations on the chamber under the condition of not opening the smelting chamber and not breaking vacuum or filling argon atmosphere in the smelting process.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a large suspension smelting plant;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a mold apparatus;

FIG. 3 is a door open state diagram;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a multi-function conversion device;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a feed cartridge;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a temperature measuring cylinder;

fig. 7 is a block diagram of a sampling cartridge.

Reference numerals: 1-vacuum melting chamber, 2-side wall, 3-chamber top, 4-chamber bottom, 5-water cooled copper crucible, 6-crucible rack, 7-crucible shaft, 8-shaft interface, 9-coaxial water cooled electrode, 10-induction coil, 11-vacuum dynamic seal, 16-material, 17-molten bath, 18-elevating platform, 22-power machine, 23-drive machine, 24-drive shaft, 25-mold, 26-pouring cup, 27-pouring channel, 28-mold platform, 29-roller, 30-car rail, 31-chamber door, 32-moving wheel, 33-door rail, 34-drum interface, 35-drum interface flange, 36-vacuum gate valve, 37-interface drum, 38-lower flange, 39-upper flange, 40-function drum, 41-lower flange, 42-vacuum valve, 43-argon filling valve, 44-purge valve, 45-drum cover flange, 46-turntable, 47-rotating shaft, 48-rotating arm, 49-fixture, 67-speed reducer, 68-frequency converter, 69-bar, 70-sealing structure, 71-bottom cover, 75-thermocouple, 77-thermocouple, temperature measuring hopper, 77-thermocouple, sampling hopper, 77-72-thermocouple, and 76-thermocouple.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides a large-scale suspension smelting apparatus with a multifunctional conversion device, which comprises a vacuum smelting chamber 1, a water-cooled copper crucible 5, an induction power supply, a coaxial water-cooled electrode 9 and an induction coil 10, a crucible tilting device, a mold device, a vacuum system, a cooling system and a control system.

It will be appreciated that the water-cooled copper crucible 5 and the induction coil 10 surrounding the outer periphery of the water-cooled copper crucible 5 are installed in the vacuum melting chamber 1, after the vacuum system vacuumizes the vacuum melting chamber 1, the high-frequency current output by the induction power supply generates an electromagnetic field in the induction coil 10 to heat the material in the water-cooled copper crucible 5, the coaxial water-cooled electrode 9 extends into the chamber from the outside of the vacuum melting chamber 1, the outdoor part is combined with two electrodes of the induction power supply, and the indoor part is combined with two electrodes of the induction coil 10 to provide power for the induction coil 10. After the material is melted, the water-cooled copper crucible 5 is tipped over by using a crucible tipping device, so that the molten metal in the water-cooled copper crucible 5 is injected into the die device. The tilting speed and the tilting angle of the crucible tilting device can be controlled, and the driving structure of the crucible tilting device can adopt motor-gear structure, hydraulic structure, pneumatic structure and the like.

The cooling system supplies cooling water to the water-cooled copper crucible 5, the induction coil 10, the coaxial water-cooled electrode 9, the vacuum smelting chamber 1, the vacuum system and the induction power supply to protect the equipment. After evacuating the vacuum melting chamber 1, the vacuum system may also charge the vacuum melting chamber 1 with a protective gas, such as argon. The control system can be provided with a PLC module to automatically control the operation of the equipment.

Specifically, the vacuum melting chamber 1 includes a side wall 2, a roof 3 and a bottom 4, and the side walls 2, the roof 3 and the bottom 4 are enclosed together to form the vacuum melting chamber 1.

After the materials are melted, the purpose of tilting the water-cooled copper crucible 5 by using the crucible tilting device to enable the molten metal in the water-cooled copper crucible 5 to be injected into the die device is achieved. One side of the water-cooled copper crucible 5 is provided with a crucible frame 6 and a crucible shaft 7, wherein the crucible frame 6 and the crucible shaft 7 are both arranged in the vacuum melting chamber 1, the water-cooled copper crucible 5 is arranged on a bottom plate of the crucible frame 6, the crucible frame 6 is far away from one end of the crucible shaft 7, which is fixedly connected with the side edge of the water-cooled copper crucible 5, and the other end of the crucible shaft 7 is in transmission connection with a crucible tipping device.

In other words, one end of the crucible shaft 7 far away from the crucible frame 6 is arranged on the side wall 2 of the vacuum melting chamber 1 through the shaft interface 8, a vacuum dynamic seal and a bearing are arranged in the shaft interface 8, the crucible tilting device drives the crucible shaft 7 to rotate, and the crucible shaft 7 further drives the water-cooled copper crucible 5 to form tilting motion through the crucible frame 6.

It is worth noting that the water-cooled copper crucible 5 is composed of a plurality of crucible flaps which are axially split along the water-cooled copper crucible 5, and a cooling water channel is arranged in each crucible flap; the crucible shaft 7 simultaneously functions as a cooling water passage manifold of the crucible flaps, and preferably, the crucible shaft 7 includes an inner tube and an outer tube concentrically arranged so that the inner tube and the outer tube thereof serve as a water supply pipe and a water return pipe of the water-cooled copper crucible 5, respectively. Thereby, cooling of the water-cooled copper crucible 5 is achieved.

In the present embodiment, the coaxial water-cooled electrode 9 may be installed to penetrate through the ceiling 3 of the vacuum melting chamber 1, or may be installed to penetrate through the bottom 4 or the side wall 2, and the coaxial water-cooled electrode 9 penetrates through the vacuum dynamic seal 11 of the vacuum melting chamber 1 to be coupled to the induction coil 10 in the vacuum melting chamber 1.

In this embodiment, the crucible tilting apparatus includes a power machine 22, a transmission machine 23, and a drive shaft 24. The power machine 22 can adopt different devices such as pneumatic, hydraulic or motor, the transmission machine 23 can adopt different types of devices such as crank-lever, belt-pulley, synchronous belt-synchronous wheel, gear-rack or gear group, the driving shaft 24 is a shaft part which penetrates through the shaft interface 8 of the side wall 2 of the vacuum melting chamber 1 and stretches into the chamber, a vacuum dynamic seal and a bearing are arranged in the shaft interface 8, the output end of the transmission machine 23 is combined with the outdoor part of the driving shaft 24, and the crucible frame 6 is arranged at the part of the driving shaft 24 positioned in the vacuum melting chamber 1.

It will be appreciated that the action of the drive shaft 24 may also be taken up by the crucible shaft 7, and that other shafts provided in the apparatus may also be used. When the power machine 22 of the crucible tilting device is started, the driving shaft 24 is driven to rotate by the driving machine 23, and then the water-cooled copper crucible 5 is tilted by the crucible frame 6.

For example, the crucible tilting apparatus shown in fig. 1 is a crucible tilting apparatus having a motor as a power machine 22, a gear set as a transmission machine 23, and a crucible shaft 7 as a drive shaft 24.

It is noted that the angle at which the water-cooled copper crucible 5 is tilted is configured to include both positive and negative directions, wherein positive direction tilting is used for the casting process and negative direction tilting is used for the installation and removal of the water-cooled copper crucible 5.

It will be appreciated that the moulds and ingots of large suspension smelting plants are cumbersome and the difficulty of handling the moulds and castings is greatly increased.

For this purpose, the mold device of the present embodiment includes a mold 25, a cup 26, a runner 27, and a mold carriage, wherein the mold carriage includes a mold table 28, rollers 29, and rails 30. Specifically, the rail 30 is laid above the bottom 4 of the vacuum melting chamber 1, with one end located below the water-cooled copper crucible 5 and the other end located inside the door 31; the rollers 29 are mounted on rails 30, the mold table 28 is seated on the rollers 29, and the mold 25 is mounted on the mold table 28. Thus, the mold stage 28 moves together with the mold 25 while sliding along the rollers 29. A moving wheel 32 is mounted on the bottom surface of a door 31 of the vacuum melting chamber 1, and a door rail 33 matched with the moving wheel 32 is mounted on a platform on which the vacuum melting chamber 1 is mounted outside the door 31.

With the above arrangement, when the door 31 is opened, the door 31 is pulled outward, and the door 31 slides along the door rail 33 by the moving wheel 32 below the door 31, and leaves the vacuum melting chamber 1. Since one end of the mold base 28 is coupled to the chamber door 31, when the chamber door 31 is opened, the mold base 28 pulls the mold 25 out of the vacuum melting chamber 1 together; when the pushing chamber door 31 closes the vacuum melting chamber 1, the mould 25 can be pushed to its casting position at the same time. Aiming at the problem that the mould and the cast ingot of the large-scale suspension smelting equipment are very heavy, the mould device can greatly reduce the difficulty of loading and unloading the mould and the cast.

The suspension smelting plant is generally equipped with several operating mechanisms, such as secondary charging, temperature measurement and on-line sampling, which are required to be carried out without opening the vacuum smelting chamber 1 and without breaking its vacuum or argon-filled environment during the suspension smelting process. For large suspension smelting plants, the above operations should be done with automated machinery. Since these operations are all aimed at the water-cooled copper crucible 5, the mechanism for achieving these operations is installed on the roof 3 of the vacuum melting chamber 1 at a position above the water-cooled copper crucible 5.

In order to operate different functions such as secondary feeding, temperature measurement and on-line sampling at the same position of the chamber top 3, the embodiment is provided with a multifunctional conversion device at the chamber top 3 of the vacuum melting chamber 1. The multifunctional conversion device comprises a cylinder interface 34, a plurality of functional cylinders 40 and a cylinder frame, wherein the lower ends of the cylinder interface 34 are communicated with the vacuum melting chamber 1 in a sealing way, the lower ends of the functional cylinders 40 are communicated with the upper ends of the cylinder interface 34 in a sealing way, operation machines for realizing different functions (secondary feeding, temperature measurement auxiliary heating, on-line sampling and the like) are respectively arranged in each functional cylinder 40, and when different functional operations are required to be realized, the corresponding functional cylinders 40 are transferred to the upper ends of the cylinder interface 34 through the cylinder frame to be in butt joint with the cylinder interface 34, so that corresponding operations can be realized.

Specifically, the cylinder interface 34 is arranged at the upper end of the chamber top 3 of the vacuum melting chamber 1 and is positioned above the water-cooled copper crucible 5; the cylinder interface 34 comprises a vacuum gate valve 36 mounted on a cylinder interface flange 35 and an interface cylinder 37 mounted on the upper end of the vacuum gate valve 36; the lower end flange 38 of the interface cylinder 37 is in sealing connection with the vacuum gate valve 36, and the upper end flange 39 of the interface cylinder 37 is in sealing connection with the lower flange 41 of the functional cylinder 40. The interface cylinder 37 is provided with a vacuum valve 42 connected to a vacuum unit of a vacuum system, and an argon filling valve 43 and a deflation valve 44 connected to an argon filling device of the vacuum system.

It will be appreciated that the respective valves 42, 43, 44 of the interface cylinder 37 may be manual valves, pneumatic valves or solenoid valves.

The functional cartridge 40 is a sealed cylinder, and is further provided with a cap flange 45 at its upper end. The functional cartridges 40 may be a charging cartridge, a temperature measuring cartridge, an auxiliary heat source mounting cartridge, a sampling cartridge, or the like, respectively, and operating machines for realizing different functions may be installed in different functional cartridges 40, and these machines may be manual machines or automated machines, such as pneumatic, hydraulic, or motor-driven machines. When a certain functional cartridge 40 is mounted on the interface cartridge 37, the operating mechanism of the functional cartridge 40 is communicated with the vacuum melting chamber 1, and corresponding operation can be realized.

The drum frame includes a turntable 46, a rotating shaft 47, a rotating arm 48, a holder 49, and a power machine. Specifically, the turntable 46 is fixedly mounted on the roof 3 of the vacuum melting chamber 1 and is spaced apart from the barrel interface 34 by a certain distance; the rotation shaft 47 is vertically inserted into the turntable 46, and is rotatable about the axis of the turntable 46 and is lifted up and down in a small range; the number of the rotating arms 48 is the same as that of the functional cylinders 40, and a plurality of rotating arms 48 are radially arranged at the periphery of the rotating shaft 47; the other end of the swivel arm 48 remote from the swivel shaft 47 mounts the functional cartridge 40 via a holder 49. The power machine is a machine that drives the rotation shaft 47 to move, and may be a manual machine or an automatically operated machine, such as a pneumatic, hydraulic or motor-driven machine.

Thus, when the functional cartridge 40 needs to be replaced, the vacuum gate valve 36 of the cartridge interface 34 is closed, the purge valve 44 of the interface cartridge 37 is opened, the flange joint between the interface cartridge 37 and the functional cartridge 40 is released, the rotating shaft 47 of the drum rack is slightly raised, the rotating shaft 47 is rotated, the required functional cartridge 40 is rotated to the position of the interface cartridge 37, the rotating shaft 47 is lowered, and a new functional cartridge 40 is joined to the interface cartridge 37. At this time, the vacuum valve 42 is opened to evacuate the new functional cartridge 40, and if argon filling is required, the argon filling valve 43 is opened again to fill argon. After argon filling, the vacuum gate valve 36 of the cartridge interface 34 is opened, and a new functional cartridge 40 is communicated with the vacuum melting chamber 1 to perform a desired operation. Finally, the removed functional cartridge 40 is opened, the subsequent processing of the functional cartridge 40 is completed, and preparation is made for the next operation.

The present utility model provides some specific embodiments for a better understanding of the present utility model:

example 1:

as shown in fig. 1-3, the crucible tilting apparatus is motor driven and consists of an ac motor 22, a speed reducer 67, a frequency converter 68, a transmission mechanism 23 and a drive shaft 24. In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism adopts a gear set structure, and the driving shaft 24 is replaced by the crucible shaft 7. The crucible frame 6 is arranged at the part of the crucible shaft positioned in the smelting chamber, and the end gear of the gear set of the tipping device is arranged at the outer part of the crucible shaft. When the tilting casting is started, the induction coil 10 is quickly lifted, and then the motor 22 of the tilting device is started immediately, the gear 23 drives the crucible shaft 7 to rotate, and the crucible shaft drives the crucible 5 to tilt through the crucible frame 6. The crucible designed in this example is tilted in the range of +120° to-120 °. Positive direction tipping is used in the casting process and negative direction tipping is used for crucible installation and removal.

Example 2

With particular reference to fig. 5-7, the multi-functional conversion device is configured with three functional cartridges 40 to effect switching of the three operations of secondary charging, temperature measurement and on-line sampling.

The first functional cartridge 40 in this embodiment is a secondary feed cartridge that is a stainless steel cylinder with a flange 41 at its lower end that engages the cartridge interface and a cap flange 45 at its upper end. The feed rod 69 extends into the cartridge through the sealing structure 70 of the flange of the cartridge cover, and is provided with a feed hopper 71 at the top end and a bottom cover 72 at the bottom. When feeding is needed, the feeding rod moves downwards through the sealing of the cylinder cover flange, the hopper is conveyed to the upper side of the crucible opening, and at the moment, the bottom cover of the hopper can be opened by using a structure in the feeding rod, so that materials fall into the crucible. After feeding, the feeding rod is pulled upwards to pull the hopper into the feeding cylinder.

The second functional cartridge 40 in this embodiment is a temperature measuring cartridge, which is a stainless steel cartridge, and has a flange 41 at its lower end for coupling with the cartridge interface and a cap flange 45 at its upper end. The temperature measuring rod 73 penetrates through the sealing structure 70 of the cylinder cover flange and stretches into the cylinder, and a thermocouple 74 is arranged at the top end of the temperature measuring rod. When temperature measurement is needed, the temperature measuring rod moves downwards through the sealing of the cylinder cover flange, the thermocouple is sent into a molten pool in the crucible, and a temperature signal is sent out of the smelting chamber through a lead 75 in the temperature measuring rod. And then the temperature measuring rod is pulled upwards to pull the thermocouple into the temperature measuring cylinder.

The second functional cartridge 40 in this embodiment is a sampling cartridge, which is a stainless steel cartridge, and the flanges provided at the upper and lower ends thereof are identical to those of the first two functional cartridges. The sampling rod 76 extends into the cartridge through the sealing structure of the flange of the cartridge cover, and the top end of the sampling rod is provided with a sampling cup 77. When sampling is needed, the sampling rod moves downwards through the sealing of the cylinder cover flange, and the sampling cup is sent into a molten pool in the crucible. And after the sampling cup is filled with molten metal, the sampling rod is pulled upwards to pull the sampling cup into the sampling tube.

While embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the utility model, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A large suspension smelting plant with a multi-functional conversion means comprising:

a vacuum melting chamber (1);

the water-cooled copper crucible (5) is arranged in the vacuum smelting chamber (1);

the induction coil (10) is arranged in the vacuum smelting chamber (1) and surrounds the periphery of the water-cooled copper crucible (5);

the die device is arranged in the vacuum smelting chamber (1) and is positioned below the water-cooled copper crucible (5);

the device is characterized by further comprising a multifunctional conversion device which is arranged on the roof (3) of the vacuum melting chamber (1), wherein the multifunctional conversion device comprises:

the lower end of the cylinder interface (34) is communicated with the vacuum smelting chamber (1) in a sealing way and is positioned above the water-cooled copper crucible (5);

the lower ends of the functional cylinders (40) can be communicated with the upper ends of the cylinder interfaces (34) in a sealing way, and operation machines for realizing different functions are respectively arranged in the functional cylinders (40);

a drum rack capable of transferring one of a plurality of functional drums (40) to an upper end of a drum interface (34) in sealing engagement with the drum interface (34).

2. A large suspension smelting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the cartridge interface (34) comprises:

the lower end of the interface cylinder (37) is communicated with the vacuum melting chamber (1) in a sealing way, the upper end of the interface cylinder is connected with the lower end of the functional cylinder (40) in a sealing way, a vacuum valve (42) connected with a vacuum unit of a vacuum system, an argon filling valve (43) connected with an argon filling device of the vacuum system and an air release valve (44) are arranged on the side surface of the interface cylinder (37);

the vacuum gate valve (36) is arranged in the middle of the interface cylinder (37) in a sealing way, and when the functional cylinder (40) needs to be replaced, the space below the vacuum gate valve (36) is closed.

3. A large suspension smelting apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the vacuum gate valve (36) is sealingly mounted to the interface cylinder (37) by means of its upper lower end flange (38) and lower cylinder interface flange (35);

the upper end flange (39) of the interface cylinder (37) is in sealing connection with the lower flange (41) of the functional cylinder (40), and the upper end of the functional cylinder (40) is provided with a cylinder cover flange (45).

4. A large suspension smelting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the drum frame comprises:

a turntable (46) fixedly mounted on the roof (3) of the vacuum melting chamber (1) and remote from the cartridge interface (34);

a rotating shaft (47) which is vertically inserted into the turntable (46) and can rotate about the axis of the turntable (46) and can be lifted up and down in a small range;

a plurality of rotating arms (48) the same as the functional cylinders (40), and the rotating arms (48) are radially installed at the periphery of the rotating shaft (47);

a holder (49) mounted on one end of the swivel arm (48) away from the swivel shaft (47) for mounting the functional cartridge (40);

and the power machine is used for driving the rotation and lifting of the rotating shaft (47).

5. A large-scale suspension smelting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that one side of the water-cooled copper crucible (5) is provided with a crucible holder (6) and a crucible shaft (7);

the crucible frame (6) and the crucible shaft (7) are both arranged in the vacuum melting chamber (1), the water-cooled copper crucible (5) is arranged on a bottom plate of the crucible frame (6), the side edge of the crucible frame (6) far away from the water-cooled copper crucible (5) is fixedly connected with one end of the crucible shaft (7), and the other end of the crucible shaft (7) is in transmission connection with a crucible tipping device;

wherein the tilting angle of the water-cooled copper crucible (5) is configured to include positive and negative directions;

the positive direction tipping is used for the casting process, and the negative direction tipping is used for the installation and the disassembly of the water-cooled copper crucible (5).

6. A large suspension smelting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mould means comprises:

the mould vehicle is movably arranged above the chamber bottom (4) of the vacuum melting chamber (1), one end of the mould vehicle is positioned below the water-cooled copper crucible (5), and the other end of the mould vehicle is fixedly connected with the inner side of the chamber door (31);

a die (25) provided on the die carriage;

wherein the chamber door (31) is push-pull type, and the push-pull direction is far away from the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber (1) or near to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber (1).

7. A large suspension smelting apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the mould carriage comprises:

a trolley rail (30) paved above the chamber bottom (4) of the vacuum smelting chamber (1), one end of the trolley rail is positioned below the water-cooled copper crucible (5), and the other end of the trolley rail is positioned at the inner side of the chamber door (31);

a roller (29) mounted on the track (30);

a die table (28) which is arranged on the roller (29), and the die (25) is arranged on the die table (28).

8. A large suspension smelting apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the bottom surface of the chamber door (31) is provided with a moving wheel (32), and that the outside of the chamber door (31) is provided with a door rail (33) that matches the moving wheel (32).

9. A large scale suspension smelting apparatus according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the functional cartridges (40) are provided with three, a secondary charging cartridge, a temperature measuring cartridge and a sampling cartridge, respectively.

10. A large-scale suspension smelting apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the charging rod (69) extends into the secondary charging barrel through the sealing structure (70) of the barrel cover flange (45), the top end of the charging rod (69) is provided with a charging hopper (71), and the bottom of the charging hopper (71) is provided with a bottom cover (72);

and/or, the temperature measuring rod (73) penetrates through the sealing structure (70) of the cylinder cover flange (45) of the temperature measuring cylinder to extend into the cylinder, and a thermocouple (74) is arranged at the top end of the temperature measuring rod (73);

and/or the sampling rod (76) penetrates through the sealing structure (70) of the cylinder cover flange (45) of the sampling cylinder and stretches into the cylinder, and the top end of the sampling rod (76) is provided with a sampling cup (77).