CN220605552U - Switching power supply and vehicle - Google Patents
Switching power supply and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN220605552U CN220605552U CN202322221351.2U CN202322221351U CN220605552U CN 220605552 U CN220605552 U CN 220605552U CN 202322221351 U CN202322221351 U CN 202322221351U CN 220605552 U CN220605552 U CN 220605552U
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 146
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The switching power supply comprises an input power supply, an output port, a DCDC module and a control module; the output port is electrically connected with a load; the DCDC module is connected between the input power supply and the output port, and has an on state and an off state, and supplies power to the load through the output port when in the on state; the control module is electrically connected with the DCDC module and is used for controlling the DCDC module to execute an on state or an off state according to the voltage value of the output port and the current value of the output port. And the control module in the switching power supply determines whether the switching power supply fails or not based on the voltage value of the output port and the current value of the output port, and if the switching power supply fails, the DCDC module is controlled to be switched from an on state to an off state, so that the risks of locking and frying the DCDC module are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of direct-current power supplies, in particular to a switching power supply and a vehicle.
Background
The switching power supply is a power supply which uses the modern power electronic technology to control the time ratio of switching on and switching off of a switching tube and maintain stable output voltage, is widely applied to various electronic equipment, and is an indispensable power supply mode for the rapid development of the electronic information industry at present. In the design of an actual controller, based on different power supply voltages of a chip and different circuit modules, a voltage conversion circuit is required to convert the voltage output by a switching power supply into a working voltage value required by other circuit modules so as to maintain the normal operation of each module of the controller.
When the switching power supply is connected with the low-voltage battery at the output side, hardware output faults cannot be detected, so that the duty ratio of the hardware is always large, and the DCDC module is locked and the risk of frying is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the utility model is to provide a switching power supply and a vehicle for reducing risks of locking and frying of a DCDC module.
In a first aspect, the present utility model provides a switching power supply comprising:
inputting a power supply;
an output port electrically connected to a load;
the DCDC module is connected between the input power supply and the output port, and is provided with an on state and an off state, and the DCDC module supplies power to the load through the output port in the on state;
and the control module is electrically connected with the DCDC module and is used for controlling the DCDC module to execute an on state or an off state according to the voltage value of the output port and the current value of the output port.
With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the control module includes a voltage collector, a current collector, a logic control unit, and a pulse width modulator; the voltage collector is connected between the output port and the logic control unit, and the current collector is connected between the output port and the logic control unit;
the voltage collector is used for collecting the voltage value of the output port;
the current collector is used for collecting the current value of the output port;
the logic control unit is used for obtaining a judging result according to the voltage value and the current value;
the pulse width modulator is used for controlling the DCDC module to execute an on state or an off state according to the judging result.
With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the DCDC module includes a switch assembly and a transformer, where the transformer includes a primary winding and a secondary winding, the switch assembly is used to control connection of the input power source and the primary winding so that a current flowing through the primary winding is a pulse current, and the pulse width modulator is connected to the switch assembly to control an on-off state of each switch in the switch assembly, and the secondary winding is connected to the output port.
With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the DCDC module further includes an energy storage inductor, the switch in the switch assembly includes a first field effect transistor and a second field effect transistor, the input power source includes an input negative electrode and an input positive electrode, a first end of the energy storage inductor is connected with the input positive electrode, a second end of the energy storage inductor is connected with a first end of the primary winding, the first field effect transistor is connected between the first end of the energy storage inductor and the second end of the primary winding, and the second field effect transistor is connected between the input negative electrode and the second end of the primary winding.
With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, a gate of the first field effect transistor is connected to the pulse width modulator, a source of the first field effect transistor is connected to the second end of the primary winding, and a drain of the first field effect transistor is connected to the first end of the energy storage inductor;
the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor is connected with the pulse width modulator; the drain electrode of the second field effect tube is connected with the second end of the primary winding, and the source electrode of the second field effect tube is connected with the input negative electrode.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the primary winding includes a first winding, a second winding, a third winding and a fourth winding, and a first end of the first winding and a first end of the second winding are connected to a second end of the energy storage inductor; the second end of the first winding is connected with the second end of the second winding, the first end of the third winding and the first end of the fourth winding are connected with the second end of the first winding, and the second end of the third winding and the second end of the fourth winding are connected with the source electrode of the first field effect tube and the drain electrode of the second field effect tube.
With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the secondary winding includes a fifth winding and a sixth winding, a first end of the fifth winding is connected to the output port, a second end of the fifth winding is connected to the first end of the sixth winding and is grounded, and a second end of the sixth winding is connected to the output port.
With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the DCDC module further includes a first diode and a second diode, an anode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the fifth winding, a cathode of the first diode is connected to the output port, an anode of the second diode is connected to the second end of the sixth winding, and a cathode of the second diode is connected to the output port.
With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation manner, the DCDC module further includes a filter capacitor, where the filter capacitor is connected in parallel with the second field effect transistor, and a negative electrode of the filter capacitor is grounded.
In a second aspect, the utility model provides a vehicle comprising a load and a switching power supply as described in the first aspect, the load being electrically connected to the switching power supply.
In the utility model, the control module determines whether the switching power supply fails or not based on the voltage value of the output port and the current value of the output port, and if the switching power supply fails, the DCDC module is controlled to be converted from an on state to an off state, so that the risks of locking and frying the DCDC module are reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly describe the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the background art, the following description will describe the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments of the present utility model or the background art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the utility model.
Reference numerals illustrate:
100. a switching power supply;
110. inputting a power supply;
120. an output port;
130. a DCDC module; 131. a first field effect transistor; 132. a second field effect transistor; 133. a transformer; 133a, a first winding; 133b, a second winding; 133c, a third winding; 133d, a fourth winding; 133e, a fifth winding; 133f, sixth winding; 134. a filter capacitor; 135. a first diode; 136. a second diode; 137. a third diode; 138. a fourth diode; 139. an energy storage inductor;
140. a control module; 141. a voltage collector; 142. a current collector; 143. a logic control unit; 144. a pulse width modulator;
200. and (3) loading.
Detailed Description
The switching power supply is a power supply which uses the modern power electronic technology to control the time ratio of switching on and switching off of a switching tube and maintain stable output voltage, is widely applied to various electronic equipment, and is an indispensable power supply mode for the rapid development of the electronic information industry at present. In the design of an actual controller, based on different power supply voltages of a chip and different circuit modules, a voltage conversion circuit is required to convert the voltage output by a switching power supply into a working voltage value required by other circuit modules so as to maintain the normal operation of each module of the controller.
When the switching power supply is connected with the low-voltage battery at the output side, hardware output faults cannot be detected, so that the duty ratio of the hardware is always large, and the DCDC module is locked and the risk of frying is caused.
Based on the detection, the utility model discloses a switching power supply and a vehicle, and solves the problem that hardware output faults cannot be detected when the switching power supply is connected with a low-voltage battery at an output side.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present utility model discloses a vehicle, which includes a load 200 and a switching power supply 100, wherein the switching power supply 100 is electrically connected to the load 200. The load 200 may be a vehicle terminal, a lamp, a motor, an energy storage device, etc., and the switching power supply 100 may convert high voltage dc to low voltage dc to power the load 200. The vehicle can be an electric automobile, a fuel oil automobile, an electric motorcycle, an electric power-assisted vehicle and the like.
Referring to fig. 2, the switching power supply 100 includes an input power supply 110, a DCDC module 130, an output port 120 and a control module 140, wherein the DCDC module 130 is connected between the input power supply 110 and the output port 120, the DCDC module 130 has an on state and an off state, the control module 140 is electrically connected to the DCDC module 130, and the control module 140 is configured to control the on state or the off state of the DCDC module 130. The DCDC module 130 is capable of switching the input power 110 from high voltage to low voltage when in an on state to power the load 200. The input power 110 is a dc power, and when the DCDC module 130 is in the on state, the voltage of the input power 110 is higher than the voltage of the output port 120. Specifically, the input power 110 includes an input positive electrode and an input negative electrode, and a voltage between the input positive electrode and the input negative electrode is greater than a voltage of the output port 120.
In the embodiment provided in this application, if the load 200 is a low-voltage energy storage device, when the switching power supply 100 fails, detecting whether the output port 120 is electrified by a conventional means cannot indicate that the switching power supply 100 has failed, because the energy storage device can be reversely fed to the DCDC module 130 through the output port 120, and even if the switching power supply 100 fails, the output port 120 has current passing through. In order to detect whether the switching power supply 100 has failed, the control module 140 determines whether the switching power supply 100 has failed based on the voltage value of the output port 120 and the current value of the output port 120, and if the switching power supply 100 has failed, controls the DCDC module 130 to switch from the on state to the off state, so as to reduce the risk of the DCDC module 130 locking and frying.
In the embodiment provided by the present utility model, the control module 140 includes a voltage collector 141, a current collector 142, a logic control unit 143, and a pulse width modulator 144; the voltage collector 141 is connected between the output port 120 and the logic control unit 143, the current collector 141 is connected between the output port 120 and the logic control unit 143, and the logic control unit 143 is connected with the voltage collector 141 and the current collector 142. The voltage collector 141 and the current collector 142 may be analog-to-digital converters a/D.
The voltage collector 141 can collect the voltage value of the output port 120 and transmit the collected voltage value to the logic control unit 143; the current collector 142 can collect the current value of the output port 120 and transmit to the logic control unit 143.
The logic control unit 143 is configured to obtain a determination result according to the voltage value and the current value; specifically, the logic control unit 143 compares the voltage value acquired by the voltage collector 141 with a voltage preset value, the logic control unit 143 also compares the current value acquired by the current collector 142 with the current preset value, and obtains a determination result, and the pulse width modulator 144 is configured to control the DCDC module 130 to perform an on state or an off state according to the determination result.
If the voltage value is smaller than the preset voltage value and the current value is smaller than the preset current value, the logic control unit 143 obtains a determination result that the switching power supply 100 fails, and at this time, the logic control unit 143 sends a shutdown command to the pwm 144. The pulse width modulator 144 controls the DCDC module 130 to switch from the on state to the off state according to the off command. The preset voltage value can be set to 85% of the output voltage of the voltage switch Guan Eding, and the preset current value can be set to 85% of the rated output current of the voltage switch.
In the embodiment provided by the utility model, in order to more accurately determine that the switching power supply 100 has a fault, the logic control unit 143 continuously compares the current value and the current preset value acquired by the current collector 142 in real time, and continuously compares the voltage value and the voltage preset value acquired by the voltage collector 141 in real time, and in a preset period of time, if the current value acquired by the current collector 142 in real time is always smaller than the current preset value and the voltage value acquired by the voltage collector 141 in real time is always smaller than the voltage preset value, the fault of the switching power supply 100 can be determined.
In the embodiment provided by the present utility model, the DCDC module 130 includes a switch assembly and a transformer 133, where the transformer 133 includes a primary winding and a secondary winding, the switch assembly is used to control the connection between the input power source 110 and the primary winding so that the current flowing through the primary winding is a pulse current, the pulse width modulator 144 is connected to the switch assembly to control the on/off states of the switches in the switch assembly, and the secondary winding is connected to the output port 120.
It should be noted that the pwm 144 may control the on or off states of the switches in the switch assembly, so as to control the connection state of the input power 110 and the primary winding. The pulse width modulator 144 controls the connection state of the input power supply 110 and the primary winding so that the current flowing through the primary winding is a pulse current, the pulse current causes the primary winding to generate a magnetic field change, the magnetic field change can cause the secondary winding to generate a voltage, and when the winding turns of the secondary winding and the winding turns of the primary winding are different, the voltage generated by the secondary winding and the voltage at two ends of the primary winding are also different. The transformer 133 in the present utility model serves to step down, in other words, the secondary winding generates a voltage less than the voltage across the primary winding.
The DCDC module 130 further includes an energy storage inductor 139, the switch in the switch assembly includes a first field effect transistor 131 and a second field effect transistor 132, the input power supply 110 includes an input negative electrode and an input positive electrode, a first end of the energy storage inductor 139 is connected with the input positive electrode, a second end of the energy storage inductor 139 is connected with a first end of the primary winding, the first field effect transistor 131 is connected between the first end of the energy storage inductor 139 and the second end of the primary winding, and the second field effect transistor 132 is connected between the input negative electrode and the second end of the primary winding.
The grid electrode of the first field effect tube 131 is connected with the pulse width modulator 144, the source electrode of the first field effect tube 131 is connected with the second end of the primary winding, and the drain electrode of the first field effect tube 131 is connected with the first end of the energy storage inductor 139;
the gate of the second fet 132 is connected to the pwm 144; the drain electrode of the second fet 132 is connected to the second end of the primary winding, and the source electrode of the second fet 132 is connected to the input cathode.
The pulse width modulator 144 controls the on-off of the first fet 131 and the second fet 132 in the switching assembly to generate a pulse current. Specifically, the pulse width modulator 144 outputs an electrical signal to the gate of the first fet 131 to control the first fet 131 to be turned off, and the pulse width modulator 144 outputs an electrical signal to the gate of the second fet 132 to control the second fet 132 to be turned on. Current flows from the input positive pole through the energy storage inductor 139, the primary winding, the second fet 132, and to the input negative pole to form a loop, and the secondary winding generates a voltage and supplies power to the load 200 through the output port 120. The second fet 132 is controlled to be turned off by outputting an electrical signal to the gate of the second fet 132 through the pwm 144, and the first fet 131 is controlled to be turned on by outputting an electrical signal to the gate of the first fet 131 through the pwm 144. The input power supply 110 can not form a loop, no current is output, the magnetic field of the energy storage inductor 139 changes, and voltage is generated, at this time, the energy storage inductor 139 is equivalent to a power supply capable of delivering electric energy, the second end of the energy storage inductor 139 is an anode, the first end of the energy storage inductor 139 is a cathode, and current flows from the second end of the energy storage inductor 139 through the primary winding, the first field effect transistor 131 and the first end of the energy storage inductor 139 to form a current loop. If the current supplied by the input power 110 to the primary winding and the current supplied by the energy storage inductor to the primary winding and flowing through the primary winding are inconsistent, a pulse current can be generated to flow through the primary winding. Illustratively, the first fet 131 is controlled to be opened, the second fet 132 is controlled to be closed, and the first fet 131 is controlled to be closed, and the second fet 132 is controlled to be opened, so that the magnitude of the current flowing through the primary winding is changed, thereby generating a pulse current.
The primary winding comprises a first winding 133a, a second winding 133b, a third winding 133c and a fourth winding 133d, wherein a first end of the first winding 133a and a first end of the second winding 133b are connected with a second end of the energy storage inductor 139; the second end of the first winding 133a is connected to the second end of the second winding 133b, the first end of the third winding 133c and the first end of the fourth winding 133d are connected to the second end of the first winding 133a, and the second end of the third winding 133c and the second end of the fourth winding 133d are connected to the source of the first fet 131 and the drain of the second fet 132.
In the embodiment provided by the utility model, the second winding 133b can be used as the excitation inductance of the first winding 133a, so that the magnetic saturation of the first winding 133a when the pulse current flows can be avoided, and the fourth winding 133d can be used as the excitation inductance of the third winding 133c, so that the magnetic saturation of the third winding 133c when the pulse current flows can be avoided.
The secondary winding includes a fifth winding 133e and a sixth winding 133f, a first end of the fifth winding 133e is connected to the output port 120, a second end of the fifth winding 133e is connected to a first end of the sixth winding 133f and both ends are grounded, and a second end of the sixth winding 133f is connected to the output port 120.
When the first winding 133a flows through the pulse current, the fifth winding 133e generates a voltage, the first end of the fifth winding 133e serves as a positive electrode, the second end of the fifth winding 133e serves as a negative electrode, the fifth winding 133e transmits electric energy to the output port 120, and the first winding 133a and the fifth winding 133e form a forward transformer.
When the third winding 133c flows a pulse current, the sixth winding 133f generates a voltage, the first end of the sixth winding 133f serves as a negative electrode, the second end of the sixth winding 133f serves as a positive electrode, the sixth winding 133f supplies electric energy to the output port 120, and the third winding 133c and the sixth winding 133f constitute a flyback transformer.
The DCDC module 130 further includes a first diode 135 and a second diode 136, where an anode of the first diode 135 is connected to the first end of the fifth winding 133e, a cathode of the first diode 135 is connected to the output port 120, an anode of the second diode 136 is connected to the second end of the sixth winding 133f, and a cathode of the second diode 136 is connected to the output port 120. The first diode 135 and the second diode 136 each play a rectifying role.
The DCDC module 130 further includes a filter capacitor 134, where the filter capacitor 134 is connected in parallel with the second fet 132, and a negative electrode of the filter capacitor is grounded.
In the embodiment provided by the present utility model, the DCDC module 130 further includes a third diode 137 and a fourth diode 138, the third diode 137 is connected in parallel with the first field effect transistor 131, the fourth diode 138 is connected in parallel with the second field effect transistor 132, wherein an anode of the fourth diode 138 is grounded.
Furthermore, descriptions such as those referred to as "first," "second," and the like, are provided for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying an order of magnitude of the indicated technical features in the present disclosure. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be based on the fact that those skilled in the art can implement the technical solutions, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be implemented, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered as not existing, and not falling within the scope of protection claimed by the present utility model.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present utility model, and the present utility model is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A switching power supply, comprising:
inputting a power supply;
an output port electrically connected to a load;
the DCDC module is connected between the input power supply and the output port, and is provided with an on state and an off state, and the DCDC module supplies power to the load through the output port in the on state;
and the control module is electrically connected with the DCDC module and is used for controlling the DCDC module to execute an on state or an off state according to the voltage value of the output port and the current value of the output port.
2. The switching power supply of claim 1 wherein said control module comprises a voltage collector, a current collector, a logic control unit, and a pulse width modulator; the voltage collector is connected between the output port and the logic control unit, and the current collector is connected between the output port and the logic control unit;
the voltage collector is used for collecting the voltage value of the output port;
the current collector is used for collecting the current value of the output port;
the logic control unit is used for obtaining a judging result according to the voltage value and the current value;
the pulse width modulator is used for controlling the DCDC module to execute an on state or an off state according to the judging result.
3. The switching power supply of claim 2 wherein said DCDC module includes a switching assembly and a transformer, said transformer including a primary winding and a secondary winding, said switching assembly for controlling the connection of said input power source and said primary winding such that current flowing through the primary winding is pulsed, said pulse width modulator being connected to said switching assembly for controlling the on and off states of the individual switches in the switching assembly, said secondary winding being connected to said output port.
4. The switching power supply of claim 3 wherein the DCDC module further comprises an energy storage inductor, the switch in the switching assembly comprising a first fet and a second fet, the input power supply comprising an input cathode and an input anode, the first end of the energy storage inductor being connected to the input anode, the second end of the energy storage inductor being connected to the first end of the primary winding, the first fet being connected between the first end of the energy storage inductor and the second end of the primary winding, the second fet being connected between the input cathode and the second end of the primary winding.
5. The switching power supply of claim 4 wherein a gate of said first fet is connected to said pwm, a source of said first fet is connected to said primary winding second terminal, and a drain of said first fet is connected to said energy storage inductor first terminal;
the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor is connected with the pulse width modulator; the drain electrode of the second field effect tube is connected with the second end of the primary winding, and the source electrode of the second field effect tube is connected with the input negative electrode.
6. The switching power supply of claim 5 wherein said primary winding comprises a first winding, a second winding, a third winding, and a fourth winding, said first winding first end and said second winding first end each being connected to said energy storage inductor second end; the second end of the first winding is connected with the second end of the second winding, the first end of the third winding and the first end of the fourth winding are connected with the second end of the first winding, and the second end of the third winding and the second end of the fourth winding are connected with the source electrode of the first field effect tube and the drain electrode of the second field effect tube.
7. A switching power supply as claimed in claim 3, wherein the secondary winding comprises a fifth winding and a sixth winding, a first end of the fifth winding being connected to the output port, a second end of the fifth winding being connected to the first end of the sixth winding and both being grounded, and a second end of the sixth winding being connected to the output port.
8. The switching power supply of claim 7 wherein said DCDC module further comprises a first diode and a second diode, an anode of said first diode being connected to a first end of said fifth winding, a cathode of said first diode being connected to said output port, an anode of said second diode being connected to a second end of said sixth winding, and a cathode of said second diode being connected to said output port.
9. The switching power supply of claim 4 wherein said DCDC module further comprises a filter capacitor connected in parallel with said second fet, the negative electrode of said filter capacitor being grounded.
10. A vehicle comprising a load and a switching power supply according to any one of claims 1-9, the load being electrically connected to the switching power supply.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322221351.2U CN220605552U (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2023-08-16 | Switching power supply and vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322221351.2U CN220605552U (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2023-08-16 | Switching power supply and vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN220605552U true CN220605552U (en) | 2024-03-15 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202322221351.2U Active CN220605552U (en) | 2023-08-16 | 2023-08-16 | Switching power supply and vehicle |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN220605552U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-08-16 CN CN202322221351.2U patent/CN220605552U/en active Active
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