CN220585395U - Battery pack for electric vehicle and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery pack for an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle, and mainly solves the problem that the existing battery for the electric vehicle has potential safety hazards. The battery pack comprises a battery box body, a battery module arranged in the battery box body and a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device arranged outside the battery box body; the battery box body is provided with a smoke outlet; the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device comprises a shell, an igniter and a flue gas guide pipe; the inner cavity of the shell is divided by a first partition plate to form a first cavity and a second cavity, and the second cavity is positioned between the first cavity and the battery box body; the side wall of the first chamber is provided with an air hole communicated with the external environment; the flue gas duct is positioned in the shell, the inlet of the flue gas duct is connected with the flue gas outlet, and the outlet of the flue gas duct is positioned in the first cavity; the igniter is used for igniting the thermal runaway flue gas in the first cavity, so that the risk of secondary explosion caused by the aggregation of the thermal runaway flue gas outside the battery box body is avoided.

Description

Battery pack for electric vehicle and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the field of batteries of electric vehicles, and particularly relates to a battery pack for an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle.

Background

The electric vehicle is an environment-friendly travel tool. Among them, the battery pack is an important component of the electric vehicle. In order to realize the driving function of the electric vehicle, the voltage of the battery pack needs to be not lower than 48V, and the rated voltage of the single batteries is generally between 3V and 4V, so that the number of the single batteries in the battery pack is large. Meanwhile, in order to pursue higher energy density, a plurality of single batteries are closely arranged in the box body of the battery pack, and the high-density arrangement ensures that the safety and the thermal stability of the battery pack are poor, so that certain potential safety hazards are brought to the safe use of the battery pack.

Chinese CN113646960B discloses a battery pack and an electric vehicle, the battery pack comprising a housing, a cell assembly, a first separator, a pressure relief portion and glue. The first separator is arranged between the first side of the battery cell assembly and the shell, and is deformed when the temperature is higher than a first threshold value. Glue is filled between at least a partial area outside the first side of the cell assembly and the shell to fix the cell assembly and the shell. When the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the first partition piece is subjected to thermal deformation, so that a first pressure release channel is formed between the first side of the battery cell assembly and the shell, and then the high-temperature gas can smoothly escape the battery pack through the first pressure release channel and the pressure release part, thereby avoiding the defect that the high-temperature gas cannot be timely discharged when the battery cell assembly is in thermal runaway, and eliminating the hidden danger of explosion of the battery pack.

In the battery pack, the thermal runaway flue gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell assembly is directly discharged out of the shell through the first pressure relief channel, so that hidden danger of explosion of the battery pack caused by aggregation of the thermal runaway flue gas in the shell is eliminated, but the thermal runaway flue gas directly discharged out of the shell is high-temperature combustible gas and is uncontrollable outside the shell, secondary explosion is easily caused, certain potential safety hazards still exist in the battery pack, and meanwhile, the direct discharged thermal runaway flue gas also causes pollution to the environment.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a battery pack for an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle, aiming at solving the problem that the existing battery for the electric vehicle has potential safety hazard.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

the battery pack for the electric vehicle comprises a battery box body and a battery module arranged in the battery box body, and is characterized by further comprising a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device arranged outside the battery box body; the battery box body is provided with a smoke outlet; the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device comprises a shell, an igniter and a flue gas guide pipe; the inner cavity of the shell is separated by a first partition plate to form a first cavity and a second cavity, and the second cavity is positioned between the first cavity and the battery box body; an air hole used for communicating with the external environment is formed in the side wall of the first chamber; the flue gas guide pipe is positioned in the shell, the inlet of the flue gas guide pipe is connected with the flue gas outlet, and the outlet of the flue gas guide pipe is positioned in the first cavity; the igniter is used for igniting the thermal runaway flue gas in the first chamber.

Further, a second partition plate is arranged in the first chamber to divide the first chamber into a combustion chamber and a cooling chamber, and cooling substances are arranged in the cooling chamber and used for cooling flue gas after combustion treatment in the combustion chamber.

Further, the cooling substance is ceramic balls.

Further, still be provided with the fire-retardant cover in the combustion chamber, the exit of flue gas pipe is located to the fire-retardant cover for keep apart the open flame that thermal runaway flue gas burning produced in its inner chamber, simultaneously be connected with transfer line on the fire-retardant cover, be used for carrying the flue gas after the burning to the cooling chamber and handle.

Further, the shell is of a structure with two open ends, one open end is sealed through the first end cover, the other open end is sealed through the second end cover, a cavity between the first end cover and the first partition plate is a first cavity, and a cavity between the second end cover and the first partition plate is a second cavity.

Further, the second end cover adopts an original cover plate of the battery box body, and the smoke outlet is formed in the cover plate.

Further, be equipped with the fan in the second cavity, the fan is carried the air outside the shell to first cavity when battery module thermal runaway through air supply pipeline.

Further, a flow switch is arranged on the flue gas duct in the second cavity, and an anti-backfire device is arranged at the outlet end of the flue gas duct and the outlet end of the air supply pipeline.

Further, the igniter is a pulse igniter, an ignition needle of the pulse igniter is located in the first cavity, and the pulse generator and a relay for controlling the fan are installed in the second cavity.

Further, a flue gas nozzle is arranged at the outlet of the flue gas duct, and a heat insulation layer is arranged on the first partition plate.

The utility model further provides an electric vehicle, which comprises any battery pack for the electric vehicle, wherein the battery pack for the electric vehicle is used for supplying power to an electric device of the electric vehicle.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the utility model has the following advantages:

1. according to the battery pack for the electric vehicle, the thermal runaway smoke treatment device is integrated, when any single battery in the battery module is in thermal runaway, the igniter of the first chamber can ignite the thermal runaway smoke, and after the thermal runaway smoke is ignited, the gas discharged from the battery pack is nonflammable gas, so that the risk of secondary explosion caused by aggregation of the thermal runaway smoke outside the battery box is avoided. Meanwhile, because larger heat and open flame are generated when the thermal runaway flue gas is ignited, if the heat and the open flame are transmitted into the battery box body, the thermal runaway reaction in the battery box body can be aggravated, and more serious safety accidents are caused.

2. In the battery pack for the electric vehicle, the first chamber is divided into the combustion chamber and the cooling chamber, and the cooling chamber is internally provided with the cooling substance, so that the cooling substance can cool smoke after combustion treatment in the combustion chamber, and can reduce the smoke generation amount of the smoke after the combustion treatment, so that the gas discharged from the battery pack is low-temperature, odorless and colorless as much as possible, and the safety of the battery pack is further improved.

3. In the battery pack for the electric vehicle, the ceramic balls which are convenient to install and low in cost are selected as cooling substances.

4. In the battery pack for the electric vehicle, the fire-retardant cover is arranged in the combustion chamber, and the fire-retardant cover isolates open fire generated by burning thermal runaway smoke in the cavity of the fire-retardant cover, so that the damage of the open fire to devices in the first cavity is avoided.

5. In the battery pack for the electric vehicle, the shell adopts the structure with two open ends, and the structure is convenient for the installation of devices in the first cavity and the second cavity and the processing and the manufacturing of the whole shell.

6. In the battery pack for the electric vehicle, the second end cover adopts the original cover plate of the battery box body, so that the structure basically does not change the battery box body, and meanwhile, one cover plate can be saved.

7. In the battery pack for the electric vehicle, the fan is additionally arranged in the thermal runaway smoke treatment device, the fan is started when thermal runaway smoke is generated in the battery module in the battery box body, and the external air is continuously conveyed into the first cavity, so that the air and the thermal runaway smoke are mixed and then burnt.

8. In the battery pack for the electric vehicle, the igniter is preferably a pulse igniter with reliable ignition, the ignition needle of the pulse igniter is arranged at the center of the first cavity, and the pulse generator is arranged in the second cavity. The separated mounting mode not only can protect the pulse generator and the dry battery and avoid the damage to the pulse generator and the dry battery caused by combustion flame or heat of thermal runaway smoke, but also can efficiently utilize the space of the second chamber.

9. In the battery pack for the electric vehicle, the heat insulation layer is arranged on the first partition board, so that the first partition board has a fire retarding and heat insulation function, and the safety isolation effect of the second cavity is further improved.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the utility model.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional battery pack for an electric vehicle;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack for an electric vehicle in embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in accordance with example 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in example 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a thermal runaway flue gas treatment apparatus in example 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in example 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device (without a housing) in example 2.

Reference numerals: 1-battery box, 2-battery module, 3-shell, 4-igniter, 5-flue gas duct, 6-fan, 7-flow switch, 8-backfire preventing device, 9-dry cell, 11-smoke outlet, 21-single cell, 22-battery management system, 31-first baffle, 32-first chamber, 33-second chamber, 34-second baffle, 35-first end cover, 36-second end cover, 37-fire-blocking cover, 38-conveying pipeline, 39-sealing plate, 321-air hole, 322-combustion chamber, 323-cooling chamber, 41-ignition needle, 42-pulse generator, 51-flue gas nozzle, 61-air supply pipeline, 62-relay.

Detailed Description

So that the manner in which the above recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the utility model, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to the embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the utility model.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model, but the present utility model may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

The appearances of the phrase "in other embodiments" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

Also in the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by "top, bottom, inner and outer", etc. in terms are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" to "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Fig. 1 shows a conventional battery pack structure for an electric vehicle, which is mainly applied to an electric vehicle mainly comprising a two-wheel electric vehicle, a three-wheel electric vehicle, a four-wheel electric vehicle and the like. The battery pack is mounted on a vehicle body of the electric vehicle and is electrically connected with an electric device, and mainly provides electric energy for the electric device of the electric vehicle, wherein the electric device of the electric vehicle comprises, but is not limited to, an instrument, a vehicle lamp, a loudspeaker, a driving motor and the like.

As shown in fig. 1, the battery pack for an electric vehicle includes a battery case 1 and a battery module 2. The battery module 2 is a power supply main body of the battery pack, and the battery box 1 is wrapped on the outer side of the battery module 2 to protect the battery module 2. The battery module 2 includes a battery management system 22 and a plurality of unit batteries 21 (the unit batteries may be existing unit cylindrical batteries, square-shell batteries, soft-pack batteries, etc.), where the plurality of unit batteries 21 are connected in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel to meet different capacity requirements. The battery management system 22 is mainly used for maintaining and managing each unit cell, and preventing phenomena such as overcharge and overdischarge.

The battery box 1 is a closed box, and its shape and size can be designed into a shape convenient for placement, such as a cylinder, a prism, etc., according to the application scenario. In actual use, for convenient and reliable installation on the automobile body of electric motor car, satisfy the demand that is convenient for dismantle the charging simultaneously, this battery box 1 is cuboid structure generally. In addition, in order to avoid the risk of short circuit between the battery module 2 in the battery case 1 and external devices, the battery case 1 is generally made of an insulating and high-rigidity material. The battery case 1 is provided with charge and discharge terminals to electrically connect the battery module 2 to an external circuit or an electric device. The above battery case 1, the battery module 2, and the charge and discharge terminals are conventional structures of the conventional battery pack for an electric vehicle, and will not be described in detail herein.

In the use process of the battery pack for the electric vehicle, or in the process of overcharge, overdischarge and mechanical collision, the battery module 2 is easy to generate thermal runaway, thermal runaway smoke is generated, the thermal runaway smoke is gathered outside the battery box body, and the risk of secondary explosion exists. Therefore, the utility model adds the thermal runaway smoke treatment device on the basis of the structure, and the thermal runaway smoke treatment device ignites the thermal runaway smoke generated by the battery Bao Re in a runaway manner so as to improve the safety of the battery pack. In addition, when the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device ignites the thermal runaway flue gas, flame and heat generated by ignition are ensured not to affect the battery module 2 in the battery box body 1, so that an isolation chamber is added between the combustion chamber and the battery box body 1 to isolate flame or heat generated by the ignition of the thermal runaway flue gas, and the flame or heat generated by the ignition of the thermal runaway flue gas is prevented from affecting the battery module 2 in the battery box body 1. The structure and installation of the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device will be described in detail below.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the battery pack for an electric vehicle provided in this embodiment includes a battery case 1, a battery module 2 disposed in the battery case 1, and a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device disposed outside the battery case 1. The battery box body 1 is provided with a smoke outlet 11 communicated with the inner cavity of the battery box body, the smoke outlet 11 introduces thermal runaway smoke in the battery box body 1 into a thermal runaway smoke treatment device, and then the thermal runaway smoke treatment device ignites high-temperature and high-pressure smoke generated during thermal runaway of the battery module 2 so as to avoid the hidden danger of secondary explosion caused by uncontrollable high-temperature and high-pressure smoke outside the battery box body 1.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in the present embodiment includes a housing 3, and an igniter 4 and a flue gas duct 5 provided in the housing 3; the inner cavity of the shell 3 is divided by a first partition plate 31 to form a first cavity 32 and a second cavity 33, wherein the first cavity 32 is a thermal runaway flue gas treatment cavity, and the thermal runaway flue gas is safely and reliably ignited in the first cavity 32; the side wall of the first chamber 32 is provided with an air hole 321 which is used for communicating with the external environment, and the air hole 321 firstly provides oxygen for the combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas, so that the air outside the shell 3 participates in the combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas; and secondly, discharging residual gas after combustion. The second chamber 33 is located between the first chamber 32 and the battery case 1, and may also be referred to as a safety chamber or an isolation chamber, and is used for spatially isolating the battery case 1 from the first chamber 32, so that when the thermal runaway flue gas in the first chamber 32 burns, the generated heat or open flame is difficult to transfer into the battery case 1, and the flame or heat generated by the ignition of the thermal runaway flue gas in the first chamber 32 is prevented from affecting the battery module 2 in the battery case 1. The inlet of the flue gas duct 5 is connected with the flue gas outlet 11, the outlet is positioned in the first chamber 32, and the flue gas duct is mainly used for introducing the thermal runaway flue gas into the first chamber 32, and the igniter 4 is used for igniting the introduced thermal runaway flue gas.

The shape of the housing 3 is generally not required, and the housing 3 is generally a rectangular housing for aesthetic purposes and for convenient cooperation with the battery case 1, and the first partition 31 divides the inner cavity of the rectangular housing into a first chamber 32 and a second chamber 33, wherein the first chamber 32 and the second chamber 33 can be formed by the following structures.

The first rectangular shell is of a structure with one end open, the open end of the rectangular shell is sealed through the second end cover, meanwhile, a detachable first partition board is arranged in the rectangular shell, the first partition board and the top of the rectangular shell are first cavities, and cavities between the second end cover and the first partition board are second cavities;

second, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the rectangular housing has an open structure at two ends, wherein one open end is sealed by a first end cover 35, and the other open end is sealed by a second end cover 36, meanwhile, a first partition plate 31 is integrally arranged in the inner cavity of the rectangular housing, a cavity between the first end cover 35 and the first partition plate 31 is a first cavity 32, and a cavity between the second end cover 36 and the first partition plate 31 is a second cavity 33.

In the first structure, after each component is mounted, the replacement and maintenance of the devices in the first chamber 32 can be performed only after removing all the devices in the second chamber 33 and the first partition 31. In addition, when the first partition 31 is detachably connected, a gap inevitably exists between the first partition 31 and the inner wall of the housing 3, and the high-temperature and high-pressure thermal runaway flue gas may leak into the second chamber 33 through the gap, which affects devices in the second chamber 33. Therefore, the preferred structure is a second structure which not only facilitates the installation of the devices in the first chamber 32 and the second chamber 33, but also avoids the above-described leakage problem, while facilitating the processing and fabrication of the entire housing 3.

As can be seen from the above structure, the first partition 31 may be integrally processed with the housing 3, or may be separately processed and then installed into the housing 3, on the basis of which, the first partition 31 may have a fire-retarding and heat-insulating function to further enhance the safety isolation function of the second chamber 33, and in the case of the split structure, the first partition 31 may be specifically made of a fire-retarding and heat-insulating material and then installed into the inner cavity of the housing 3; and is integrally processed with the housing 3, and a heat insulating layer can be additionally arranged on the first partition plate 31 so as to have the effect of fire resistance and heat insulation.

The thermal runaway flue gas treatment device is connected with the battery box 1 through the second end cover 36 of the shell 3 when being installed. The second end cover 36 may be a cover plate independent of the battery case 1, or may be an original cover plate of the battery case 1, and when connected to the battery case 1, the following several modes may be adopted:

1) Fixedly connecting the second end cover 36 with the original cover plate of the battery box body 1, and at the moment, connecting the inlet end of the flue gas duct 5 with the smoke outlet 11 on the battery box body 1 after penetrating through the through hole on the second cover plate;

2) Removing the original cover plate on the battery box body 1, sealing and mounting a second end cover 36 provided with a smoke outlet 11 to the open end of the battery box body 1, and replacing the original cover plate, wherein the size of the second end cover 36 is required to be the same as the size of the original cover plate of the battery box body 1;

3) The second end cover 36 adopts the original cover plate of the battery box body 1, and at the moment, smoke outlet holes 11 are required to be processed on the original cover plate of the battery box body 1;

among the above three modes, the structure of the battery box 1 and the use environment on site are selected, wherein the third structure form is a preferable structure, the structure has no change to the battery box 1 basically, and meanwhile, a cover plate can be saved.

As shown in fig. 3, the flue gas duct 5 mainly serves to intensively introduce the thermal runaway flue gas in the battery case 1 into the first chamber 32. In actual installation, the flue gas duct 5 is installed in the housing 3, the inlet end of the flue gas duct is located in the second chamber 33 and is connected with the flue gas outlet 11, the middle pipe section passes through the through hole on the first partition plate 31 in a sealing manner, and the outlet end of the flue gas duct is located in the first chamber 32. In addition, a flue gas nozzle 51 can be installed at the outlet end of the flue gas duct 5, and the flue gas nozzle 51 can concentrate the thermal runaway flue gas at the outlet of the flue gas duct 5 so as to enable the igniter 4 to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas as completely as possible.

The igniter 4 is used for performing ignition treatment on the thermal runaway flue gas inputted into the first chamber 32 from the flue gas duct 5, and discharging the burnt gas through the air hole 321 provided on the housing 3, and the air hole 321 also introduces external air into the first chamber 32 when the thermal runaway flue gas is ignited. The igniter 4 may be implemented in various configurations, for example, an existing arc igniter, a resistance wire igniter, or the like may be employed, and the arc igniter may specifically be a pulse igniter.

In this embodiment, the igniter 4 is preferably a pulse igniter with reliable ignition, which specifically includes a pulse generator 42 and an ignition needle 41, and is powered by the dry cell 9. When the igniter 4 is installed, the pulse generator 42 and the dry cell 9 can be placed in the second chamber 33, the ignition needle 41 is installed in the first chamber 32, and the ignition needle 41 can be arranged at the center of the first chamber 32 through a bracket or can be installed at the outlet end of the flue gas duct 5. The separated installation mode can protect the pulse generator 42 and the dry battery 9, avoid the damage to the pulse generator 42 and the dry battery 9 caused by the combustion flame or heat of the thermal runaway smoke, and efficiently utilize the space of the second chamber 33.

In the igniter 4 having the above-described structure, the number of the ignition pins 41 may be set as required, and may be 1 or 2 or more. If the amount of the thermal runaway smoke generated by the thermal runaway battery is small, one ignition needle 41 can be started to process the thermal runaway smoke, and if the amount of the thermal runaway smoke generated by the thermal runaway battery is large, a plurality of ignition needles 41 can be started to ignite the thermal runaway smoke. In addition, when the number of the ignition pins 41 is set to be plural, the reliability of ignition can be ensured, and when one ignition pin 41 fails or malfunctions, the other ignition pins 41 can normally operate.

The igniter 4 may be turned on by the flow switch 7 or may be turned on by the battery management system 22 (BMS). When the flow switch 7 is turned on, the flow switch 7 is mounted on the flue gas duct 5 to detect the flow of the thermal runaway flue gas passing through the flue gas duct 5, and when the flow of the thermal runaway flue gas exceeds a threshold value, a signal is sent to the pulse generator 42 to ignite. When the battery management system 22 (BMS) is turned on, the battery management system 22 (BMS) monitors the voltage, current and temperature of each unit cell 21 in real time, and when thermal runaway occurs in any unit cell 21, the voltage, voltage and temperature exceed threshold values, the igniter 4 is activated.

In other embodiments, an anti-backfire device 8 may be further disposed on the flue gas duct 5, where the anti-backfire device 8 generally adopts a pipeline flame arrester, an anti-backfire valve, a flame-retardant net, and the like, and the anti-backfire device 8 prevents the backflow flame generated by the combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas from damaging the flow switch 7 and the battery module 2 in the battery box 1.

As shown in fig. 3, in order to further ensure the safety of the battery pack during use, in this embodiment, a second partition 34 is disposed in the first chamber 32, the second partition 34 divides the first chamber 32 into a combustion chamber 322 and a cooling chamber 323, and cooling substances are disposed in the cooling chamber 323, and are used for cooling the flue gas after combustion in the combustion chamber 322, reducing the smoke generation amount thereof, and making the gas discharged out of the housing 3 be a low-temperature and safe small amount of gas. The cooling material can be specifically ceramic balls, molecular sieves or activated carbon, and ceramic balls which are convenient to install and low in cost are preferably selected.

In addition, as shown in fig. 3, a fire-retardant cover 37 can be additionally arranged in the combustion chamber 322, and the fire-retardant cover 37 completely isolates flames generated by burning thermal runaway smoke in the inner cavity of the fire-retardant cover, so that the devices in the first chamber 32 are prevented from being damaged by open fire. In this embodiment, the fire-retardant cover 37 has an open bottom and side walls, and when installed, the open bottom end is connected with the first partition 31, and the open side end is used for installing the ignition needle 41 and the flue gas duct 5, and in addition, a conveying pipeline 38 is connected to the fire-retardant cover 37, so that the burned flue gas can be conveniently conveyed into the cooling chamber 323 for treatment.

Example 2

The battery pack for the electric vehicle provided by the embodiment comprises a battery box body, a battery module arranged in the battery box body and a thermal runaway smoke treatment device arranged outside the battery box body. The battery box body is provided with a smoke outlet communicated with the inner cavity of the battery box body, the smoke outlet introduces thermal runaway smoke in the battery box body into the thermal runaway smoke treatment device, and then the thermal runaway smoke treatment device is used for treating high-temperature and high-pressure smoke generated during thermal runaway of the battery module so as to avoid the hidden danger that the high-temperature and high-pressure smoke is uncontrollable outside the battery box body and easily causes secondary explosion.

As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in this embodiment has a similar structure to that of embodiment 1, and is different from embodiment 1 in that a fan 6 is added to the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device in this embodiment, and the fan 6 continuously sends air outside the housing 3 to the first chamber 32 through an air supply duct 61 to participate in combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas when the battery module 2 is thermally out of control. The fan 6 starts when the thermal runaway cigarette takes place for battery module 2, continuously carries the air of outside to in the first cavity 32 to make air and thermal runaway flue gas mix the back and burn again, this kind of mode not only can ensure that thermal runaway flue gas can fully burn, and the flame that the simultaneous combustion produced is very little, and the security of battery package further promotes. It should be noted that, due to the fan 6, the air hole 321 in the first chamber 32 may only have an exhaust function at this time, and is not required to have an intake function.

When the fan 6 is specifically installed, the fan can be installed in the second chamber 33, at this time, a sealing plate 39 with a plurality of through holes is arranged on the outer wall of the second chamber 33, and the sealing plate 39 is detachably installed on the housing 3, so that the device of the second chamber 33 can be conveniently maintained and replaced. At this time, the inlet of the blower 6 communicates with the inner cavity of the second chamber 33, and the outlet of the blower 6 delivers air into the first chamber 32 through the air supply duct 61. The air duct 61 may be formed by a pipe penetrating the first separator 31 or by a passage formed in the inner wall of the housing 3, but the air duct 61 formed by such a process requires a certain wall thickness of the inner wall of the housing 3 and the process of the process is not easy to realize, so that it is preferable to use a pipe penetrating the first separator 31. The outlet end of the air duct 61 is also provided with a backfire-proof device 8 (backfire-proof valve or backfire-proof net) to prevent the damage to the fan 6 caused by the backflow of combustion flame.

When thermal runaway occurs in the battery module in the battery box 1, the fan 6 can be controlled to be turned on by the battery management system. In this embodiment, in order to ensure reliable operation of the fan 6, a relay 62 is further disposed in the second chamber 33, and the relay 62 controls the operation state of the fan 6 through the signal of the flow switch 7, so that the fan 6 timely conveys air into the first chamber 32 to participate in the full combustion of the thermal runaway flue gas when the thermal runaway occurs.

Example 3

The present embodiment provides an electric vehicle, including the battery pack for an electric vehicle in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, the battery pack being mounted to a vehicle body of the electric vehicle when in use, for supplying power to an electric device of the electric vehicle. The battery pack may be mounted under a seat of the electric vehicle or under a foot pedal.

When the battery pack for the electric vehicle is charged, the battery pack can be taken down from the electric vehicle and placed in a charging cabinet for charging, and also can be directly placed on the electric vehicle for charging on a charging pile. When any single battery in the battery pack is in thermal runaway in the charging process, the battery management system or the flow switch monitors the abnormal state of the battery pack, sends out warning information (the warning lamp flashes or the buzzer sounds), and the igniter is started to ignite the thermal runaway smoke.

Claims (11)

1. The battery pack for the electric vehicle comprises a battery box body and a battery module arranged in the battery box body, and is characterized by further comprising a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device arranged outside the battery box body;

the battery box body is provided with a smoke outlet;

the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device comprises a shell, an igniter and a flue gas guide pipe;

the inner cavity of the shell is separated by a first partition plate to form a first cavity and a second cavity, and the second cavity is positioned between the first cavity and the battery box body; an air hole used for communicating with the external environment is formed in the side wall of the first chamber;

the flue gas guide pipe is positioned in the shell, the inlet of the flue gas guide pipe is connected with the flue gas outlet, and the outlet of the flue gas guide pipe is positioned in the first cavity;

the igniter is used for igniting the thermal runaway flue gas in the first chamber.

2. The battery pack for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a second partition plate is provided in the first chamber to partition the first chamber into a combustion chamber and a cooling chamber, and a cooling substance is provided in the cooling chamber to cool flue gas after combustion treatment in the combustion chamber.

3. The battery pack for an electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the cooling substance is a ceramic ball.

4. The battery pack for the electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein a fire-retardant cover is arranged in the combustion chamber, the fire-retardant cover is arranged at the outlet of the flue gas duct and used for isolating open fire generated by burning thermal runaway flue gas in the inner cavity of the flue gas duct, and a conveying pipeline is connected to the fire-retardant cover and used for conveying the burnt flue gas into the cooling chamber for treatment.

5. The battery pack for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the housing has a structure with two open ends, one of the open ends is sealed by a first end cap, the other open end is sealed by a second end cap, the cavity between the first end cap and the first separator is a first cavity, and the cavity between the second end cap and the first separator is a second cavity.

6. The battery pack for an electric vehicle according to claim 5, wherein the second end cover is a cover plate of the battery case, and the smoke outlet is provided in the cover plate.

7. The battery pack for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a blower is provided in the second chamber, and the blower delivers air outside the housing to the first chamber through an air supply duct when the battery module is thermally out of control.

8. The battery pack for the electric vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the flow switch is arranged on the flue gas duct in the second chamber, and the backfire preventing devices are arranged at the outlet end of the flue gas duct and the outlet end of the air supply pipeline.

9. The battery pack for an electric vehicle of claim 7, wherein the igniter is a pulse igniter, an ignition pin of the pulse igniter is located in the first chamber, and a pulse generator of the pulse igniter and a relay controlling the blower are installed in the second chamber.

10. The battery pack for an electric vehicle according to claim 7, wherein a smoke nozzle is provided at an outlet of the smoke guide pipe, and a heat insulating layer is provided on the first separator.

11. An electric vehicle, characterized by comprising the battery pack for electric vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for supplying power to electric devices of electric vehicles.