CN220552327U

CN220552327U - Vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger with deflection upper tube plate

Info

Publication number: CN220552327U
Application number: CN202322258542.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩守鹏
Original assignee: Shanghai Special Equipment Supervision and Inspection Technology Institute
Current assignee: Shanghai Special Equipment Supervision and Inspection Technology Institute
Priority date: 2023-08-22
Filing date: 2023-08-22
Publication date: 2024-03-01
Anticipated expiration: 2033-08-22

Abstract

The utility model relates to a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a deflection upper tube plate, which comprises an upper tube box, a shell side tube body and a lower tube box which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the shell side tube body is provided with a shell side inlet connecting tube and a shell side outlet connecting tube, the heat exchanger also comprises an upper tube plate, a heat exchange tube and a lower tube plate, the upper tube plate is fixed between the upper tube box and the shell side tube body, the lower tube plate is fixed between the shell side tube body and the lower tube box, two ends of the heat exchange tube are respectively connected with the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate through fixing holes, one end of the heat exchange tube is communicated with the upper tube box, the other end of the heat exchange tube is communicated with the lower tube box, and the upper tube plate is a flexible tube plate with a downward inclined middle position. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of better deformation resistance, low cost and the like.

Description

Vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger with deflection upper tube plate

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of heat exchange equipment, in particular to a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a deflection upper tube plate.

Background

In petrochemical and fine chemical industries, shell-and-tube heat exchangers are an important heat recovery and heat dissipation device, and can be valued at 30% of the investment in the whole project. Tube sheets are an important component in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, and due to the large number of heat exchange tubes required to be arranged on the tube sheets, perforation leakage is easy to occur at the tube sheets.

However, due to the fact that the thickness of the traditional tube plate is large, a large temperature gradient is easy to form in the thickness direction of the tube plate, so that secondary stress is increased, stress concentration and the like are caused, and welding joints at the joint of the heat exchange tube and the tube plate are damaged. The traditional tube plate is more difficult to manufacture due to the larger thickness, and the problems of defects and the like easily occur in the manufacturing process. Traditional tube sheets are also more expensive to material and use more steel. Because the upper tube plate of the flat plate type vertical tube shell type heat exchanger is a plane, the container causes accumulation of material medium on the tube plate, and the material medium is not easy to clean. The tube plate is too thick, so that the gap between the tube hole on the tube plate and the heat exchange tube is too large, and salt substances are concentrated and scaled in the gap, so that scaling corrosion is generated. Under high temperature conditions, thick tube sheet heat exchangers have difficulty ensuring long cycle operation of the equipment.

In summary, the upper tube plate of the existing heat exchanger mostly adopts a planar tube plate with larger thickness, which easily causes a larger temperature gradient in the thickness direction of the tube plate during welding, thereby causing phenomena of secondary stress increase, stress concentration and the like, causing the damage of welding seams at the joint of the heat exchange tube and the tube plate, and meanwhile, the planar tube plate causes accumulation of material medium on the tube plate, and is not easy to clean.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to overcome the defects that in the prior art, a planar tube plate with larger thickness is adopted as an upper tube plate of a heat exchanger, so that a larger temperature gradient is easily formed in the thickness direction of the tube plate during welding, secondary stress is increased, stress concentration and the like are caused, a welding seam at the joint of a heat exchange tube and the tube plate is damaged, and meanwhile, a material medium is accumulated on the tube plate due to the planar tube plate, so that the material medium is not easy to clean, and the vertical tube-shell heat exchanger with the deflection upper tube plate is provided.

The aim of the utility model can be achieved by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger with tube sheet on deflection, includes from top to bottom connects gradually tube box, shell side barrel and lower tube box, be equipped with shell side inlet connection pipe and shell side export connection pipe on the shell side barrel, the heat exchanger still includes tube sheet, heat exchange tube and lower tube sheet, it fixes between tube box and shell side barrel to go up the tube sheet, the tube sheet is fixed between shell side barrel and lower tube box down, tube sheet and lower tube sheet are connected respectively through the fixed orifices at the both ends of heat exchange tube, tube box is gone up in the one end intercommunication of heat exchange tube, tube box down in the other end intercommunication, it is the flexible tube sheet of intermediate position downward sloping to go up the tube sheet.

Preferably, fixing holes matched with the heat exchange tubes in shape are formed in the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, the upper ends of the heat exchange tubes are fixed in the fixing holes in the upper tube plate, and the lower ends of the heat exchange tubes are fixed in the fixing holes in the lower tube plate.

Preferably, the heat exchange tube is fixed in the fixing hole by welding.

Preferably, the edge to center position of the upper tube sheet has a slope with an inclination angle in the range of 3-7 °, and the level of the upper tube sheet edge is greater than the level of the center position.

Preferably, the upper tube sheet has a thickness in the range of 23-27mm.

Preferably, the inside of shell side barrel is equipped with the spoiler, the quantity of spoiler is a plurality of, and each spoiler dislocation is fixed on the lateral wall of shell side barrel for increase the flow stroke of liquid in the shell side barrel.

Preferably, the spoiler divides the shell-side cylinder into a plurality of subintervals, and connection interfaces of adjacent subintervals are distributed on the left side and the right side of the inside of the shell-side cylinder in a staggered mode.

Preferably, the shell side inlet connection pipe is fixed at the lower end of the shell side cylinder, and the shell side outlet connection pipe is fixed at the upper end of the shell side cylinder.

Preferably, a tube side inlet connecting pipe is connected above the upper tube box, the lower end of the lower tube box is connected with a tube side outlet connecting pipe, and the tube side inlet connecting pipe and the tube side outlet connecting pipe are both in horn-shaped structures.

Preferably, the shell side cylinder body is further provided with a plurality of ear seats, and the ear seats are fixed on two sides of the shell side cylinder body.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

(1) According to the scheme, the first liquid flows into the upper pipe box, flows into the lower pipe box through the heat exchange pipe, flows into the shell side cylinder body through the shell side inlet connecting pipe, flows out of the shell side cylinder body through the shell side outlet connecting pipe, and completes heat exchange on the inner side and the outer side of the heat exchange pipe. Through setting up the upper tube plate as the flexible tube plate of intermediate position downward sloping, material medium flows into the heat exchange tube from upper tube plate top more easily, prevents that the medium from piling up above the upper tube plate, and the clearance is inconvenient to cause the jam.

The flexible tube plate has certain flexibility, so that the upper tube plate has thinner thickness, smaller thickness and lower cost, and the flexible upper tube plate can better resist deformation caused by pressure difference at two ends of the tube plate, avoid failure and stress concentration phenomena caused by overlarge deformation, and the device has longer service life.

(2) The flexible upper tube plate with the gradient provided by the scheme is not limited by the design method and the application range in the standard specification, the manufacturing process is more flexible and changeable, the application range is wider, the feasibility is stronger, and the structure is better.

(3) In this scheme, the internal separation of shell side barrel is a plurality of subintervals through the spoiler, and the connection interface dislocation distribution of each adjacent subinterval has increased the stroke of medium in shell side barrel in the left and right sides of shell side barrel, improves heat exchange efficiency, and shell side import takeover sets up the lower extreme at shell side barrel simultaneously, is the flow direction opposite of two kinds of heat transfer medium, has further improved heat exchange efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided by the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a vertical cross-section of an upper tube sheet provided by the utility model;

in the figure: 1. tube side inlet connecting pipes, 2, an upper tube box, 3, an upper tube plate, 4, a shell side outlet connecting pipe, 5, a shell side cylinder, 6, a heat exchange tube, 7, a lower tube plate, 8, a lower tube box, 9, a tube side outlet connecting pipe, 10, a shell side inlet connecting pipe, 11, a spoiler, 12 and an ear seat.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments of the present utility model. The components of the embodiments of the present utility model generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying a number of technical features being indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a deflection upper tube plate, as shown in fig. 1-2, which comprises an upper tube box 2, a shell side cylinder 5 and a lower tube box 8 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the shell side cylinder 5 is provided with a shell side inlet connecting tube 10 and a shell side outlet connecting tube 4, the heat exchanger also comprises an upper tube plate 3, a heat exchange tube 6 and a lower tube plate 7, the upper tube plate 3 is fixed between the upper tube box 2 and the shell side cylinder 5, the lower tube plate 7 is fixed between the shell side cylinder 5 and the lower tube box 8, two ends of the heat exchange tube 6 are respectively connected with the upper tube plate 3 and the lower tube plate 7 through fixing holes, one end of the heat exchange tube 6 is communicated with the upper tube box 2, the other end of the heat exchange tube 6 is communicated with the lower tube box 8, the upper tube plate 3 is a flexible tube plate with a downward inclined middle position, and the flexible tube plate is an arc plate in the embodiment.

Working principle: the first liquid flows into the upper tube box 2, flows into the lower tube box 8 through the heat exchange tube 6, flows into the shell-side cylinder 5 through the shell-side inlet connection tube 10, and flows out of the shell-side cylinder 5 through the shell-side outlet connection tube 4, and the first liquid and the second liquid perform heat exchange on the inner side and the outer side of the heat exchange tube 6. By arranging the upper tube plate 3 as an arc plate with a downward inclined middle position, the material medium flows into the heat exchange tube 6 from above the upper tube plate 3 more easily, the arc plate has certain flexibility, and the flexible upper tube plate 3 can better resist deformation caused by pressure difference at two ends of the tube plate.

The scheme is that the first liquid flows into the upper pipe box 2, flows into the lower pipe box 8 through the heat exchange pipe 6, the second liquid flows into the shell side cylinder 5 through the shell side inlet connecting pipe 10, flows out of the shell side cylinder 5 through the shell side outlet connecting pipe 4, and the first liquid and the second liquid exchange heat at the inner side and the outer side of the heat exchange pipe 6. By arranging the upper tube plate 3 as an arc plate with a downward inclined middle position, the material medium flows into the heat exchange tube 6 from above the upper tube plate 3 more easily, so that the medium is prevented from accumulating above the upper tube plate 3, and the blockage is caused by inconvenient cleaning. The arc plate has certain flexibility, so that the upper tube plate 3 has thinner thickness, smaller thickness and lower cost, and the flexible upper tube plate 3 can better resist deformation caused by pressure difference at two ends of the tube plate, avoid failure and stress concentration phenomenon caused by overlarge deformation, and the device has longer service life.

Specifically, the upper tube plate 3 and the lower tube plate 7 are provided with fixing holes matched with the heat exchange tubes 6 in shape, the upper ends of the heat exchange tubes 6 are fixed in the fixing holes on the upper tube plate 3, and the lower ends of the heat exchange tubes 6 are fixed in the fixing holes on the lower tube plate 7. The heat exchange tube 6 is fixed in the fixing hole by welding. In this embodiment, the welded joint between the upper tube plate 3 and the heat exchange tube 6 adopts a mode of back butt welding and deep hole embedded full-welding structure to weld, and the full-welding structure can effectively prevent the gap corrosion between the tube plate and the heat exchange tube, so that the welded structure is more firm.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the edge to center position of the upper tube sheet 3 has a slope with an inclination angle ranging from 3 to 7 °, and the level of the edge of the upper tube sheet 3 is greater than that of the center position. The upper tube plate 3 has a thickness in the range of 23-27mm.

Through setting up the upper tube plate 3 to have flexible arc, reduced thickness and the volume of upper tube plate 3, saved the manufacturing material of upper tube plate simultaneously, the cost is reduced, and upper tube plate is equipped with certain inclination simultaneously, makes the deformation that the resistance tube plate that it can be better caused because of the pressure differential, makes the security of device higher.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the inside of the shell-side cylinder 5 is provided with a plurality of spoilers 11, and each spoiler 11 is fixed on the side wall of the shell-side cylinder 5 in a staggered manner, so as to increase the flow stroke of the liquid in the shell-side cylinder 5. The spoiler 111 divides the shell-side cylinder 5 into a plurality of subintervals, and the connection interfaces of adjacent subintervals are distributed on the left side and the right side of the interior of the shell-side cylinder 5 in a staggered manner.

The shell-side inlet connecting pipe 10 is fixed at the lower end of the shell-side cylinder 5, and the shell-side outlet connecting pipe 4 is fixed at the upper end of the shell-side cylinder 5.

The inside of the shell side cylinder body is divided into a plurality of subintervals through the spoiler, the connecting interfaces of each adjacent subinterval are distributed on the left side and the right side of the shell side cylinder body in a staggered mode, the stroke of a medium in the shell side cylinder body is increased, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the shell side inlet connecting pipe is arranged at the lower end of the shell side cylinder body and is opposite in flow direction of two heat exchange mediums, so that the heat exchange efficiency is further improved.

Specifically, the upper side of the upper tube box 2 is connected with a tube side inlet connecting tube 1, the lower end of the lower tube box 8 is connected with a tube side outlet connecting tube 9, and the tube side inlet connecting tube 1 and the tube side outlet connecting tube 9 are both in horn-shaped structures. The medium is conveniently led into the upper pipe box 2 and led out from the lower pipe box 8, and the drainage efficiency of the tube side medium is improved.

The shell side cylinder 5 is also provided with a plurality of ear seats 12, and the ear seats 12 are fixed on two sides of the shell side cylinder 5. The ear seat 12 is used for fixing the cylinder body, so that the working stability and safety of the heat exchanger are ensured.

The present embodiment also provides a more specific implementation manner, as shown in fig. 1-2, specifically:

a vertical tube-shell heat exchanger with a gradient flexible tube plate is provided with a tube side outlet connecting tube 1, an upper tube box 2, an upper tube plate 3, a shell side cylinder body 5, a heat exchange tube 6, a spoiler 11, a lower tube plate 7, a lower tube box 8 and a shell side inlet connecting tube which are sequentially arranged, wherein the upper tube box 2 is separated from the upper end of the shell side cylinder body 5 by the upper tube plate 3 with flexibility, the lower tube box 8 is separated from the lower end of the shell side cylinder body 5 by the lower tube plate 7, the heat exchange tube 6 is arranged between the upper tube plate 3 and the lower tube plate 7, the upper tube box 2 is communicated with the lower tube box 8 for the first fluid to pass through, the second fluid also flows in the shell side cylinder body 5, and the first fluid and the second fluid can finish heat exchange in the heat exchanger.

The shell-and-tube heat exchanger upper tube plate 3 is connected with the shell side cylinder 5 by a flexible transition section, the flexible upper tube plate 3 has a certain gradient, the inclination angle is 5 degrees, and the outer side is high and the middle is low. Tube side media can more smoothly enter the heat exchange tubes 6 and flow out along the slope of the tube sheet, which can prevent the media condensed on the tube sheet from remaining on the tube sheet. The sloped flexible tube sheet can more favorably resist deformation of the two sides of the tube sheet caused by pressure difference, and prevent stress concentration caused by excessive deformation.

In the vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger with the gradient flexible tube plate, the welding joint of the upper tube plate 3 and the heat exchange tube 6 is connected in a mode of back butt welding and deep hole embedded full-welding structure, and the full-welding structure can effectively prevent the gap corrosion between the tube plate and the heat exchange tube.

In this embodiment, the thickness of the upper tube sheet is about 25 mm.

The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present utility model. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the utility model by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by the person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger with tube sheet on deflection, includes by last tube case (2), shell side barrel (5) and lower tube case (8) of connecting gradually down, be equipped with shell side import takeover (10) and shell side export takeover (4) on shell side barrel (5), its characterized in that, the heat exchanger still includes tube sheet (3), heat exchange tube (6) and lower tube sheet (7), go up tube sheet (3) and fix between last tube case (2) and shell side barrel (5), lower tube sheet (7) are fixed between shell side barrel (5) and lower tube case (8), tube sheet (3) and lower tube sheet (7) are connected respectively through the fixed orifices in the both ends of heat exchange tube (6), tube case (2) are gone up in the one end intercommunication of heat exchange tube (6), tube case (8) under the other end intercommunication, go up tube sheet (3) and be the flexible tube sheet of intermediate position downward sloping.

2. The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger with the deflection upper tube plate according to claim 1, wherein the upper tube plate (3) and the lower tube plate (7) are provided with fixing holes matched with the shape of the heat exchange tubes (6), the upper ends of the heat exchange tubes (6) are fixed in the fixing holes on the upper tube plate (3), and the lower ends of the heat exchange tubes (6) are fixed in the fixing holes on the lower tube plate (7).

3. A vertical tube and shell heat exchanger with an upper tube sheet for deflection according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat exchange tubes (6) are fixed in the fixing holes by welding.

4. A vertical tube and shell heat exchanger with a deflection upper tube plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the edge to centre position of the upper tube plate (3) has a slope, the slope angle of which ranges from 3-7 °, the level of the edge of the upper tube plate (3) being greater than the level of the centre position.

5. A vertical shell and tube heat exchanger with a flexible upper tube sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper tube sheet (3) has a thickness in the range of 23-27mm.

6. A shell and tube heat exchanger with a tube sheet on deflection according to claim 1, characterized in that the inside of the shell side cylinder (5) is provided with a number of spoilers (11), each spoiler (11) being fixed on the side wall of the shell side cylinder (5) in a staggered manner for increasing the flow travel of the liquid in the shell side cylinder (5).

7. The vertical tube-and-shell heat exchanger with the deflection upper tube plate according to claim 6, wherein the spoiler (11) divides the shell-side cylinder (5) into a plurality of subintervals, and connection interfaces of adjacent subintervals are distributed on the left side and the right side of the interior of the shell-side cylinder (5) in a staggered manner.

8. A vertical tube and shell heat exchanger with a deflection upper tube plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell side inlet nipple (10) is fixed at the lower end of the shell side cylinder (5) and the shell side outlet nipple (4) is fixed at the upper end of the shell side cylinder (5).

9. The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger with the deflection upper tube plate according to claim 1, wherein a tube side inlet connecting tube (1) is connected above the upper tube box (2), the lower end of the lower tube box (8) is connected with a tube side outlet connecting tube (9), and the tube side inlet connecting tube (1) and the tube side outlet connecting tube (9) are of horn-shaped structures.

10. The vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger with the deflection upper tube plate according to claim 1, wherein ear seats (12) are further arranged on the shell-side cylinder (5), the number of the ear seats (12) is multiple, and the ear seats (12) are fixed on two sides of the shell-side cylinder (5).