CN220544061U

CN220544061U - Battery monomer, battery and power utilization device

Info

Publication number: CN220544061U
Application number: CN202321785767.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴凯; 陈龙; 张继君; 茶兴贵; 吴雨; 郑于炼; 王鹏
Original assignee: Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-07-07
Filing date: 2023-07-07
Publication date: 2024-02-27
Anticipated expiration: 2033-07-07

Abstract

The application discloses a battery monomer, a battery and an electricity utilization device. The battery cell includes: the optical fiber detection device comprises a shell, an optical fiber detection assembly and a protective cover, wherein the shell comprises a wall part; the optical fiber detection assembly comprises an optical receiver, an optical transmitter and an optical fiber, wherein the optical transmitter is used for emitting gas detection light, and the optical fiber is used for receiving and transmitting the gas detection light to the optical receiver; the protection casing sets up in wall portion, and has the accommodation chamber that communicates with the shell inside, and the accommodation chamber is used for holding optic fibre. From this, the protection casing has the accommodation chamber that is used for holding optic fibre, and accessible protection casing plays better guard action to optic fibre, reduces because optic fibre exposes and leads to the impaired risk of becoming invalid of optic fibre to accommodation chamber and the inside intercommunication of shell, optic fibre are used for the gaseous detection light conduction that sends light emitter to the optical receiver, and accessible optic fibre detects the inside gas content of subassembly detection battery monomer, and then realizes the purpose of confirming battery monomer operating condition.

Description

Battery monomer, battery and power utilization device

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery monomer, a battery and an electric device.

Background

Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to sustainable development, so that the adjustment of an energy structure is promoted, and the development and application of a battery technology are promoted. The development of battery technology is critical to electrochemical energy storage technology, which has been widely used in portable electronic, electric vehicles and energy storage systems due to its advantages of high energy density, good cycling ability, high operating voltage, environmental protection, low self-discharge, etc.

The battery generally comprises one or more than two battery cells, and the working state of the battery cells can be monitored through the detection element in the use process of the battery cells, however, the detection element is easy to damage, and if no protection measures are taken for the detection element, the detection element is easy to fail due to the damage of the detection element, and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The main object of the present application is to provide a battery cell, a battery and an electric device, which aim to solve the above technical problems in the prior art.

To solve the above problems, the present application provides a battery cell, including: the optical fiber detection device comprises a shell, an optical fiber detection assembly and a protective cover, wherein the shell comprises a wall part; the optical fiber detection assembly comprises an optical receiver, an optical transmitter and an optical fiber, wherein the optical transmitter is used for emitting gas detection light, and the optical fiber is used for receiving and transmitting the gas detection light to the optical receiver; the protection casing sets up in wall portion, and has the accommodation chamber that communicates with the shell inside, and the accommodation chamber is used for holding optic fibre. From this, optical fiber detection subassembly includes optical receiver, light emitter and optic fibre, the protection casing sets up in the wall portion, the protection casing has the accommodation chamber that is used for holding optic fibre, the accessible protection casing plays better guard action to optic fibre, reduce because optic fibre exposes the risk that leads to the optic fibre impaired and become invalid, and accommodation chamber and the inside intercommunication of shell, optic fibre is used for the gaseous detection light conduction that sends light emitter to optical receiver, the inside gaseous content of accessible optical fiber detection subassembly detection battery monomer, and then realize confirming battery monomer operating condition's purpose.

In some embodiments, the battery unit includes a lower plastic part, and the lower plastic part is arranged on one side of the wall part facing the interior of the shell in a fitting manner; at least one of the lower plastic part and the wall part forms a protective cover, or the protective cover is arranged between the wall part and the lower plastic part. Therefore, the lower plastic part is arranged on one side of the wall part facing the inside of the shell, and the electric insulation between the inside of the shell and the wall part can be realized through the lower plastic part. By directly forming the protective cover on at least one of the lower plastic part and the wall part, an independent protective cover is not required to be additionally arranged, and the integration level is improved. Through setting up the protection casing between wall portion and lower plastic part, can play fixed and guard action to the protection casing through wall portion and lower plastic part.

In some embodiments, the lower plastic part has a first groove, and the wall is positioned at the notch of the first groove; and/or the wall part is provided with a second groove, and the lower plastic part is positioned at the notch of the second groove. Therefore, the first groove is formed in the lower plastic part and/or the second groove is formed in the wall part, at least one of the lower plastic part and the wall part can be conveniently formed into a protective cover, and the optical fiber, the lower plastic part and the wall part can be prevented from being formed through the structure of the groove, so that the risk of interference between the wall part and the lower plastic part on the optical fiber is reduced.

In some embodiments, the shield is disposed between the wall portion and the lower plastic member, and the shield is fixedly supported on the lower plastic member. From this, with protection casing fixed stay in lower plastic part, can play the fixed action to the protection casing through lower plastic part to the protection casing sets up between wall portion and lower plastic part, can play better guard action to the protection casing through wall portion and lower plastic part.

In some embodiments, the shield surrounds the optical fiber along a circumference of the optical fiber, and the shield is provided with a vent hole communicating the accommodating cavity and the inside of the housing. Therefore, the protective cover surrounds the optical fiber along the circumferential direction of the optical fiber, the optical fiber can be further protected by the protective cover, and the risk of failure caused by damage to the optical fiber due to the exposure of the optical fiber is reduced. And the air vent is seted up to the protection casing, and the inside gaseous accessible air vent of shell gets into the holding chamber, and the optical fiber detection subassembly of being convenient for detects the inside gaseous content of battery monomer through the air vent, and then realizes determining battery monomer operating condition's purpose.

In some embodiments, the number of ventilation holes is a plurality, and the plurality of ventilation holes are spaced apart along the length of the receiving cavity. From this, through seting up the air vent of more quantity, the gaseous simultaneously of being convenient for gets into the holding chamber from a plurality of air vents, can make the inside gaseous state of holding chamber keep unanimous with outside gaseous state fast, and then improve the efficiency that optical fiber detection subassembly detected to a plurality of air vents set up along the length direction interval of holding chamber, can make the holding chamber keep unanimous as far as possible in the gaseous content of each position on length direction, and then improve the accuracy that optical fiber detection subassembly detected.

In some embodiments, the shield is disposed outside the housing. From this, through setting up the protection casing outside the shell, can reduce the risk of protection casing and the inside electrolyte direct contact of shell to can need not to set up the anticorrosion structure in electrolyte for protection casing and/or optical fiber detection subassembly alone, reduce the design complexity of optical fiber detection subassembly and protection casing. And set up the protection casing in the shell outside can also need not to occupy the inside space of shell for the inside space of shell can hold more parts, thereby improves the inside space utilization of shell.

In some embodiments, the shield is integrally formed with the wall portion or the shield is welded to the wall portion. Therefore, the protective cover and the wall part are integrally formed, so that the installation and fixation of the protective cover can be simplified, and the production efficiency can be improved. The protection casing welded fastening can improve the stability that protection casing and wall portion are connected in wall portion.

In some embodiments, the side of the shield facing the interior of the housing has a vent hole communicating with the receiving cavity, the receiving cavity communicating with the interior of the housing via the vent hole. From this, the air vent has been seted up to the protection casing, and the inside gaseous accessible air vent of shell gets into the holding chamber, and the optical fiber detection subassembly of being convenient for detects the inside gaseous content of battery monomer through the air vent, and then realizes confirming battery monomer operating condition's purpose.

In some embodiments, the battery unit includes a lower plastic part, wherein the lower plastic part is attached to one side of the wall portion facing the inside of the housing, and the lower plastic part is provided with ventilation holes communicating the inside of the housing with the accommodating cavity. Therefore, the lower plastic part is attached to one side of the wall part facing the inside of the shell, electric insulation can be realized between the inside of the shell and the wall part through the lower plastic part, the air holes are formed in the lower plastic part, gas in the shell can enter the accommodating cavity through the air holes and the air holes, the optical fiber detection assembly is convenient to detect the gas content in the battery cell, and the purpose of determining the working state of the battery cell is achieved.

In some embodiments, a ventilation groove is formed in one side of the lower plastic part facing the wall part, and ventilation holes are formed in the bottom wall of the ventilation groove; the projections of the vent holes and the vent grooves along the fitting direction of the lower plastic part and the wall part are at least partially overlapped. From this, the bleeder vent sets up the diapire at the ventilation groove, and the projection at ventilation hole and ventilation groove edge is at least partly overlapped for the inside accessible bleeder vent of holding chamber and shell, ventilation groove and ventilation hole communicate in proper order, and the inside gas of shell of being convenient for gets into the holding chamber, supplies the optical fiber detection subassembly to detect the inside gas content of battery monomer.

In some embodiments, the vent channel comprises a primary vent channel and a secondary vent channel, with the vent holes being disposed in the bottom wall of the primary vent channel; the auxiliary ventilation groove is arranged at the outer side of the main ventilation groove and communicated with the main ventilation groove through the lateral direction of the main ventilation groove; the battery unit comprises an explosion-proof valve arranged on the wall part, wherein the projections of the explosion-proof valve and the main ventilation groove along the fitting direction are at least partially overlapped, and the projections of the ventilation hole and the auxiliary ventilation groove along the fitting direction are at least partially overlapped. From this, explosion-proof valve and main ventilation groove are along the projection at least part overlap of laminating direction, can be when the inside gaseous content of shell is more, adjust the inside atmospheric pressure of shell through explosion-proof valve and main ventilation groove to the projection at least part overlap of laminating direction is followed to air vent and vice ventilation groove, and the inside gaseous of shell of being convenient for gets into the holding chamber through vice ventilation groove, supplies the optical fiber detection subassembly to detect the inside gaseous content of battery monomer.

In some embodiments, the number of the ventilation holes is a plurality, and the plurality of ventilation holes are arranged in an array; and/or one side of the lower plastic part, which is away from the wall part, is provided with a supporting rib, and the supporting rib corresponds to the ventilation groove in position. Therefore, through the arrangement of the plurality of ventilation holes, gas in the shell can enter the accommodating cavity from the plurality of ventilation holes and the ventilation holes at the same time, the gas state in the accommodating cavity can be kept consistent with the gas state outside the accommodating cavity, and the detection efficiency of the optical fiber detection assembly is improved. Through setting up the supporting rib in one side that the lower plastic part deviates from the wall, can strengthen the structural strength of lower plastic part through the supporting rib, reduce the adverse effect that the bleeder vent caused to the structural strength of lower plastic part.

In some embodiments, the battery cell includes a positive post and a negative post disposed on the wall portion, the positive post and the negative post being disposed at intervals, and the light emitter and the light receiver being electrically connected to the positive post and the negative post, respectively. Therefore, the power is supplied to the light emitter and the light receiver through the positive pole and the negative pole of the battery cell, and the difficulty of energizing the light emitter and the light receiver is reduced.

In some embodiments, the light receiver and the light emitter are located in the accommodating cavity, and two ends of the protective cover are respectively provided with a wire guide hole communicated with the accommodating cavity, and wires of the light emitter and the light receiver are led out of the protective cover through the corresponding wire guide holes. From this, light receiver and light emitter are located the holding intracavity accessible protection casing and protect light emitter and light receiver, and the optic fibre of also being convenient for receives gaseous detection light and guides gaseous detection light to light receiver, simultaneously through seting up the wire guide on the protection casing, can be convenient for the wire pass through wire guide intercommunication holding intracavity portion and outside, and then the positive pole post of being convenient for and negative pole post are light emitter and light receiver power supply.

In some embodiments, one of the two wire guides is disposed adjacent to the positive post and the other is disposed adjacent to the negative post. Therefore, the two wire guide holes are adjacent to the positive pole post and the negative pole post respectively, so that the length of a wire outside the accommodating cavity can be reduced, and the complexity of the wire outside the accommodating cavity is further reduced.

In some embodiments, the housing includes a shell and an end cap, the positive post, the negative post, the fiber optic detection assembly, and the protective cover are disposed on the end cap. Therefore, the positive pole, the negative pole, the optical fiber detection assembly and the protective cover are arranged on the end cover, and the positive pole, the negative pole, the optical fiber detection assembly and the protective cover can be conveniently installed and fixed through the end cover.

In some embodiments, the battery cell includes a circuit board disposed on the housing, the circuit board being electrically connected to the light receiver and the light emitter. From this, accessible circuit board provides control signal for optical receiver and optical transmitter to the optic fibre detects the subassembly and detects the free state of battery, and is convenient for carry out the pertinence management to the battery monomer according to the information that detects.

In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a battery, which includes the above battery cell.

In some embodiments, the battery includes a battery management system electrically connected to both the optical receiver and the optical transmitter. Therefore, the control signals can be provided for the light receiver and the light emitter through the battery management system, so that the optical fiber detection assembly can conveniently detect the state of the battery cell, and the battery cell can be conveniently and pertinently managed according to detected information.

In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an electric device, which includes the battery described above.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle according to one or more embodiments;

FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view of a battery according to one or more embodiments;

fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to one or more embodiments;

fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the first embodiment of the battery cell of fig. 3;

FIG. 5 is a partially disassembled schematic illustration of the battery cell shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a partial schematic view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 4 taken along the A-A direction;

FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 4, taken along the B-B direction;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cut-away view of a fiber optic detection assembly and a protective cover according to one or more embodiments;

Fig. 9 is a schematic top view of a second embodiment of a battery cell according to one or more embodiments;

FIG. 10 is a first partial schematic view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 9, taken along the direction C-C;

FIG. 11 is a second partial schematic view of the battery cell shown in FIG. 9, taken along the direction C-C;

fig. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a battery management system in connection with a battery cell in accordance with one or more embodiments.

Reference numerals: a vehicle 1; a battery 2; a controller 3; a motor 4; a case 20; a first portion 21; a second portion 22; a battery cell 10; a housing 100; a wall portion 110; a second groove 111; a housing 120; an end cap 130; an electrode assembly 140; an optical fiber detection assembly 200; a light emitter 210; an optical fiber 220; an optical receiver 230; gas detection light 240; a shield 300; a receiving chamber 310; a vent hole 320; a wire guide 330; a lower plastic part 400; a vent slot 410; a main ventilation slot 411; a secondary vent groove 412; an air vent 420; a first groove 430; support ribs 440; an explosion-proof valve 500; a positive electrode post 610; a negative electrode column 620; a circuit board 700; a battery management system 800; a length direction X; the bonding direction Y.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and thus are only examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of the present application and in the description of the figures above are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first," "second," etc. are used merely to distinguish between different objects and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, a particular order or a primary or secondary relationship. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and/or" is merely an association relationship describing an association object, which means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "plural sets" refers to two or more (including two), and "plural sheets" refers to two or more (including two).

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and for simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured" and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; or may be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

Currently, the more widely the battery is used in view of the development of market situation. The battery is not only applied to energy storage power supply systems such as hydraulic power, firepower, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely applied to electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric automobiles, and the like, as well as a plurality of fields such as military equipment, aerospace, and the like. With the continuous expansion of the battery application field, the market demand thereof is also continuously expanding.

The batteries mentioned in the art can be classified into disposable batteries and rechargeable batteries according to whether they are rechargeable or not. Disposable batteries (Primary batteries) are also known as "disposable" batteries and galvanic cells, because they cannot be recharged for use after their charge has been exhausted and can only be discarded. Rechargeable batteries are also known as secondary (Secondary Battery) or secondary, accumulator batteries. The rechargeable battery is made of different materials and process from the primary battery, and has the advantages of being capable of being recycled for multiple times after being charged, and the output current load force of the rechargeable battery is higher than that of most of the primary batteries. The types of rechargeable batteries that are currently common are: lead acid batteries, nickel hydrogen batteries, and lithium ion batteries. The lithium ion battery has the advantages of light weight, large capacity (the capacity is 1.5-2 times of that of the nickel-hydrogen battery with the same weight), no memory effect and the like, and has very low self-discharge rate, so that the lithium ion battery is widely applied even though the price is relatively high. Lithium ion batteries are also widely used in pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles at present, and the capacity of the lithium ion batteries used for the purposes is relatively slightly low, but the lithium ion batteries have larger output and charging currents, longer service lives and higher cost.

The battery described in the embodiments of the present application refers to a rechargeable battery or a disposable battery. Embodiments disclosed herein will be described hereinafter mainly by taking a lithium ion battery as an example. It should be appreciated that the embodiments disclosed herein are applicable to any other suitable type of rechargeable battery. The batteries referred to in the embodiments disclosed herein may be used directly or indirectly in a suitable device to power the device.

The application provides an electric device which can include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft and the like. Among them, the electric toy may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game machines, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric plane toys, and the like, and the spacecraft may include planes, rockets, space planes, and spacecraft, and the like. The power utilization device can comprise a battery, and the power utilization device can provide electric energy through the battery to realize corresponding functions.

The application also provides an electric vehicle, which may include a battery.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to one or more embodiments.

The vehicle 1 can be a fuel oil vehicle, a fuel gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle or a range-extending vehicle. The interior of the vehicle 1 is provided with a battery 2, and the battery 2 may be provided at the bottom or at the head or at the tail of the vehicle 1. The battery 2 may be used for power supply of the vehicle 1, for example, the battery 2 may serve as an operating power source of the vehicle 1. The vehicle 1 may further comprise a controller 3 and a motor 4, the controller 3 being arranged to control the battery 2 to power the motor 4, for example for operating power requirements during start-up, navigation and driving of the vehicle 1.

In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 2 may not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1, providing driving power for the vehicle 1 instead of or in part instead of fuel oil or natural gas.

In order to improve the performance of the power device, the present application further provides a battery, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic exploded view of the battery according to one or more embodiments.

The shape of the battery 2 may include, but is not limited to, a square cylinder shape or any other shape.

In some embodiments, the battery 2 may include a case 20 and a battery cell 10, the battery cell 10 being housed within the case 20. The case 20 is used to provide an accommodating space for the battery cell 10, and the case 20 may take various structures. In some embodiments, the case 20 may include a first portion 21 and a second portion 22, the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 being overlapped with each other, the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 together defining an accommodating space for accommodating the battery cell 10. The second portion 22 may be a hollow structure with one end opened, the first portion 21 may be a plate-shaped structure, and the first portion 21 covers the opening side of the second portion 22, so that the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 together define an accommodating space; the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 may be hollow structures each having an opening at one side, and the opening side of the first portion 21 is engaged with the opening side of the second portion 22.

In the battery 2, the number of the battery cells 10 may be plural, and the plural battery cells 10 may be connected in series or parallel or in series-parallel, and the series-parallel refers to that the plural battery cells 10 are connected in series or parallel. The plurality of battery cells 10 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel, and then the whole formed by the plurality of battery cells 10 is accommodated in the box body 20; of course, the battery 2 may be a battery module formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells 10 in series or parallel or series-parallel connection, and a plurality of battery modules are then connected in series or parallel or series-parallel connection to form a whole and are accommodated in the case 20. The battery 2 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 2 may also include a bus member for making electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 10.

The manufacturing modes of the battery cell 10 include lamination type and winding type, namely, the battery cell 10 is divided into lamination type batteries and winding type batteries. The laminated battery has uniform current collecting effect, smaller internal resistance and large specific power, but in order to improve the precision, the requirement on the precision of the die is extremely high, the equipment investment is high, the process is complex, and the production efficiency is low. The coiled battery is simple to manufacture, the requirements of the flaking and assembling processes on equipment precision are common, the production efficiency is high, and the cost is low. In terms of performance, the coiled battery has excellent high-low temperature performance, is very rapid to charge, has an ultra-long service life, is stable in high output voltage, and is firm in structure and strong in shock resistance.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is an exploded structural schematic view of a battery cell according to one or more embodiments.

The battery cell 10 refers to the smallest unit constituting the battery 2. The battery cell 10 may include a housing 100, an electrode assembly 140, and other functional components, the housing 100 including an end cap 130 and a case 120.

The end cap 130 refers to a member that is covered at the opening of the case 120 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 10 from the external environment. Without limitation, the shape of the end cap 130 may be adapted to the shape of the housing 120 to fit the housing 120. Optionally, the end cover 130 may be made of a material (such as an aluminum alloy) with a certain hardness and strength, so that the end cover 130 is not easy to deform when being extruded and collided, so that the battery cell 10 can have higher structural strength, and the safety performance can be improved. The cap 130 may be provided with functional parts such as electrode terminals and the like. The electrode terminals may be used to be electrically connected with the electrode assembly 140 for outputting or inputting electric power of the battery cell 10. In some embodiments, the electrode terminal may include a post. The poles may include positive and negative poles for output of current and connection to external circuitry. In some embodiments, an explosion proof member for venting the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 10 reaches a threshold may also be provided on the end cap 130. The material of the end cap 130 may be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present application. In some embodiments, insulation may also be provided on the inside of end cap 130, which may be used to isolate electrical connection components within housing 120 from end cap 130 to reduce the risk of short circuits. By way of example, the insulation may be plastic, rubber, or the like.

The case 120 is an assembly for mating with the end cap 130 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 10, wherein the formed internal environment may be used to house the electrode assembly 140, electrolyte, and other components. The case 120 and the end cap 130 may be separate components, and an opening may be provided in the case 120, and the interior environment of the battery cell 10 may be formed by covering the opening with the end cap 130 at the opening. It is also possible to integrate the end cap 130 and the housing 120, specifically, the end cap 130 and the housing 120 may form a common connection surface before other components are put into the housing, and when the interior of the housing 120 needs to be sealed, the end cap 130 is then covered with the housing 120. The housing 120 may be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the case 120 may be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 140. The material of the housing 120 may be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in the embodiments of the present application.

The electrode assembly 140 is a component in which electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 10. One or more electrode assemblies 140 may be contained within the case 120. The electrode assembly 140 is mainly formed by winding or stacking a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and a separator is generally provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets having active material constitute the main body portion of the electrode assembly 140, and the portions of the positive and negative electrode sheets having no active material constitute the tabs, respectively. The positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab may be located at one end of the main body portion together or located at two ends of the main body portion respectively. During charge and discharge of the battery, the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material react with the electrolyte, and the tab is connected with the electrode terminal to form a current loop.

In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 140 includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. During charge and discharge of the battery cell 10, active ions (e.g., lithium ions) are inserted and extracted back and forth between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The separator is arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, can play a role in preventing the positive electrode and the negative electrode from being short-circuited, and can enable active ions to pass through.

In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive electrode sheet, which may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

As an example, the positive electrode current collector has two surfaces opposing in its own thickness direction, and the positive electrode active material is provided on either or both of the two surfaces opposing the positive electrode current collector.

As an example, the positive electrode current collector may employ a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, silver-surface-treated aluminum or stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, titanium, or the like can be used. The composite current collector may include a polymeric material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector may be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel alloy, titanium alloy, silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (e.g., a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

As an example, the positive electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: lithium-containing phosphates, lithium transition metal oxides, and their respective modified compounds. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as a battery positive electrode active material may be used. These positive electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Examples of the lithium-containing phosphate may include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium iron phosphate, a composite of lithium iron phosphate and carbon, lithium manganese phosphate, a composite of lithium manganese phosphate and carbon. Examples of the lithium transition metal oxide may include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt oxide, lithium manganese cobalt oxide, lithium nickel manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, modified compounds thereof, and the like.

In some embodiments, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode tab, which may include a negative electrode current collector.

As an example, the negative electrode current collector may employ a metal foil, a foam metal, or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, silver-surface-treated aluminum or stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, titanium, or the like can be used. The foam metal can be foam nickel, foam copper, foam aluminum, foam alloy, foam carbon or the like. The composite current collector may include a polymeric material base layer and a metal layer. The composite current collector may be formed by forming a metal material (copper, copper alloy, nickel alloy, titanium alloy, silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (e.g., a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).

As an example, the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

As an example, the anode current collector has two surfaces opposing in its own thickness direction, and the anode active material is provided on either or both of the two surfaces opposing the anode current collector.

As an example, a negative active material known in the art for the battery cell 10 may be used. As an example, the anode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, lithium titanate, and the like. The silicon-based material may be at least one selected from elemental silicon, silicon oxygen compounds, silicon carbon composites, silicon nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. The tin-based material may be at least one selected from elemental tin, tin oxide, and tin alloys. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as a battery anode active material may be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

In some embodiments, the material of the positive electrode current collector may be aluminum and the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper.

In some embodiments, the separator is a separator film. The type of the separator is not particularly limited, and any known porous separator having good chemical stability and mechanical stability may be used.

As an example, the main material of the separator may be at least one selected from glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and ceramic. The separator may be a single-layer film or a multilayer composite film, and is not particularly limited. When the separator is a multilayer composite film, the materials of the respective layers may be the same or different, and are not particularly limited. The separator may be a single member located between the positive and negative electrodes, or may be attached to the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes.

In some embodiments, the separator is a solid state electrolyte. The solid electrolyte is arranged between the anode and the cathode and plays roles in transmitting ions and isolating the anode and the cathode.

In some embodiments, the battery cell 10 further includes an electrolyte that serves to conduct ions between the positive and negative electrodes. The type of electrolyte is not particularly limited in this application, and may be selected according to the need. The electrolyte may be liquid, gel or solid.

Wherein the liquid electrolyte comprises an electrolyte salt and a solvent.

In some embodiments, the electrolyte salt may be selected from at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium bis-fluorosulfonyl imide, lithium bis-trifluoromethanesulfonyl imide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalato borate, lithium difluorodioxaato phosphate, and lithium tetrafluorooxalato phosphate.

In some embodiments, the solvent may be selected from at least one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methylpropyl carbonate, ethylpropyl carbonate, butylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, 1, 4-butyrolactone, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfone, methyl sulfone, and diethyl sulfone. The solvent may also be selected from ether solvents. The ether solvent may include one or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1, 3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, and crown ether.

The gel electrolyte comprises a skeleton network taking a polymer as an electrolyte and is matched with ionic liquid-lithium salt.

Wherein the solid electrolyte comprises a polymer solid electrolyte, an inorganic solid electrolyte and a composite solid electrolyte.

As examples, the polymer solid electrolyte may be polyether (polyethylene oxide), polysiloxane, polycarbonate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethyl methacrylate, single ion polymer, polyion liquid-lithium salt, cellulose, or the like.

As an example, the inorganic solid electrolyte may be one or more of an oxide solid electrolyte (crystalline perovskite, sodium superconducting ion conductor, garnet, amorphous LiPON thin film), a sulfide solid electrolyte (crystalline lithium super ion conductor (lithium germanium phosphorus sulfide, silver sulfur germanium mine), amorphous sulfide), and a halide solid electrolyte, a nitride solid electrolyte, and a hydride solid electrolyte.

As an example, the composite solid electrolyte is formed by adding an inorganic solid electrolyte filler to a polymer solid electrolyte.

In the use process of the battery cell 10, the working state of the battery cell 10 can be monitored by the detection element, however, the detection element is easily damaged, and if no protection measures are taken for the detection element, the detection element is easily damaged, so that the detection element is easily disabled.

Referring to fig. 3-6, fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the first embodiment of the battery cell 10 of fig. 3; fig. 5 is a partially disassembled schematic view of the battery cell 10 shown in fig. 4; fig. 6 is a partial schematic view of the battery cell 10 shown in fig. 4, taken along the A-A direction.

The battery cell 10 includes a housing 100, an optical fiber sensing assembly 200, and a protective cover 300, wherein the housing 100 can act as a carrier for the optical fiber sensing assembly 200 and the protective cover 300 such that the optical fiber sensing assembly 200 and the protective cover 300 remain fixed relative to the housing 100, either directly or indirectly. The housing 100 may isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 10 from the external environment, and the housing 100 may have a certain hardness and strength, so that the housing 100 is not easy to deform when being extruded and collided, and the safety performance of the battery cell 10 is improved. The case 100 may have any shape, for example, the shape of the case 100 includes, but is not limited to, square, cylindrical, prismatic, etc., the case 100 may have an internal hollow structure, and the inside of the case 100 may be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 140, electrolyte, etc. The housing 100 includes a wall portion 110. The wall 110 may be any side wall of the housing 100, and, for example, when the housing 100 is square, the portions corresponding to the six sides of the square housing 100 may be used as the wall 110 in this embodiment. The shield 300 may be integrally provided with the housing 100 or may be separately provided and fixed to the housing 100 such that the shield 300 remains relatively fixed to the housing 100. The optical fiber detection assembly 200 may be directly disposed on the housing 100 to be relatively fixed with the housing 100, or the optical fiber detection assembly 200 may be disposed on the protection cover 300 to be relatively fixed with the housing 100, so that the optical fiber detection assembly 200 may be used to monitor the state information of the battery cell 10, so as to regulate and control the battery cell 10 according to the state information of the battery cell 10, improve the cycle performance of the battery cell 10, reduce the safety risk, and prolong the cycle life of the battery cell 10.

The optical fiber sensing assembly 200 includes an optical receiver 230, an optical transmitter 210 for emitting a gas sensing light 240, and an optical fiber 220 for receiving and conducting the gas sensing light 240 to the optical receiver 230. The light emitter 210 may include, but is not limited to, a small light bulb, a light-emitting diode (LED), an infrared chip of a Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS), and the like. The light emitter 210 may emit the gas detection light 240, and the gas detection light 240 may include, but is not limited to, visible light, infrared light, etc., wherein the light emitter 210 may emit the gas detection light 240 of a specific wavelength, or the light emitter 210 emits the gas detection light 240 of a plurality of wavelengths, and a portion of the wavelength of the gas detection light 240 is filtered by providing a filter form to emit the gas detection light 240 of a specific wavelength. The optical fiber 220 may have a column shape, one end of the optical fiber 220 may face the light emitter 210 so that the optical fiber 220 receives the gas detection light 240 emitted from the light emitter 210, and the light receiver 230 may face the other end of the optical fiber 220 so that the optical fiber 220 guides the gas detection light 240 to the light receiver 230. The light receiver 230 may include, but is not limited to, a photodetector made of a thermopile chip, etc., and the light receiver 230 is capable of receiving the gas detection light 240 and generating an electrical signal according to the intensity of the received gas detection light 240 to detect the concentration of the gas. The optical transmitter 210, the optical fiber 220, and the optical receiver 230 may be sequentially spaced apart in a direction in which the optical fiber 220 extends.

The protection cover 300 is disposed on the wall portion 110, and has a receiving cavity 310 communicating with the interior of the housing 100, where the receiving cavity 310 is used for receiving the optical fiber 220. The protective cover 300 may be attached to the wall 110 by bonding, welding, fastening, or the like, and the shape of the receiving cavity 310 may be similar to that of the optical fiber 220, so that the receiving cavity 310 may be used to receive the optical fiber 220. Wherein the receiving cavity 310 may be used only to receive the optical fiber 220, the optical transmitter 210 and the optical receiver 230 are located outside the receiving cavity 310, or the receiving cavity 310 may receive the optical fiber 220 and at least one of the optical transmitter 210 and the optical receiver 230 at the same time. The accommodating cavity 310 is communicated with the interior of the housing 100, and when the interior of the housing 100 generates gas, at least part of the gas enters the accommodating cavity 310, so that the gas environment of the accommodating cavity 310 is similar to the corresponding gas environment in the interior of the housing 100. When the optical fiber 220 is contained in the containing cavity 310, at least part of the gas in the containing cavity 310 enters the optical fiber 220, and when the optical fiber 220 receives and transmits the gas detection light 240, at least part of the gas detection light 240 with a specific wavelength is absorbed by the specific gas, and after the light receiver 230 receives the gas detection light 240, the light intensity of the gas detection light 240 with a specific wavelength can be detected, so that the concentration of the specific gas is detected. Illustratively, when the gas to be detected is carbon dioxide, since the specific wavelength of carbon dioxide is 4.26 μm, the light receiver 230 may generate an electrical signal by receiving the gas detection light 240 and detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide by analyzing the light intensity of the gas detection light 240 having the wavelength of 4.26 μm.

Through the above embodiment, the optical fiber detection assembly 200 includes the optical receiver 230, the optical transmitter 210 and the optical fiber 220, the protection cover 300 is disposed on the wall 110, the protection cover 300 has a containing cavity 310 for containing the optical fiber 220, the protection cover 300 can better protect the optical fiber 220, the risk of failure due to damage of the optical fiber 220 caused by the exposure of the optical fiber 220 is reduced, the containing cavity 310 is communicated with the inside of the housing 100, the optical fiber 220 is used for transmitting the gas detection light 240 emitted by the optical transmitter 210 to the optical receiver 230, and the gas content inside the battery cell 10 can be detected through the optical fiber detection assembly 200, so as to further achieve the purpose of determining the working state of the battery cell 10.

In some embodiments, the battery cell 10 includes a positive electrode post 610 and a negative electrode post 620 disposed on the wall portion 110, the positive electrode post 610 and the negative electrode post 620 are spaced apart, and the light emitter 210 and the light receiver 230 are electrically connected to the positive electrode post 610 and the negative electrode post 620, respectively. The positive electrode post 610 and the negative electrode post 620 may be used to electrically connect the battery cell 10 with an external circuit to serve as a charge-discharge interface of the battery cell 10. The positive and negative posts 610 and 620 may be spaced apart, and the light emitter 210 and the light receiver 230 may be electrically connected to the positive and negative posts 610 and 620 at the same time, such that the positive and negative posts 610 and 620 form a current loop with the light emitter 210 and the light receiver 230. Thus, the light emitter 210 and the light receiver 230 are powered by the positive electrode post 610 and the negative electrode post 620 of the battery cell 10, and the difficulty in powering the light emitter 210 and the light receiver 230 is reduced. The positive electrode post 610 and the negative electrode post 620 may be located on different sides of the housing 100, for example, when the housing 100 is a polyhedron, a plurality of sides of the housing 100 may be considered as the wall 110 at the same time, and the positive electrode post 610 and the negative electrode post 620 are located on the wall 110 on different sides, for example, when the housing 100 is a cuboid, the top surface and two opposite sides of the cuboid are both the wall 110, and the positive electrode post 610 and the negative electrode post 620 are located on two opposite sides, respectively.

Further, the light receiver 230 and the light emitter 210 are located in the accommodating cavity 310, two ends of the protecting cover 300 are respectively provided with a wire hole 330 communicated with the accommodating cavity 310, and wires of the light emitter 210 and the light receiver 230 are led out of the protecting cover 300 through the corresponding wire holes 330. The light receiver 230, the light emitter 210 and the optical fiber 220 are simultaneously located in the accommodating cavity 310, so that no other isolation component exists between the light emitter 210 and the optical fiber 220 and between the light receiver 230 and the optical fiber 220, thereby facilitating the light emitter 210 to emit the gas detection light 240 to the optical fiber 220 and facilitating the optical fiber 220 to guide the gas detection light 240 to the light receiver 230. The number of the wire guides 330 is two, and the two wire guides 330 may be respectively located at both ends of the shield 300 along the direction in which the optical fibers 220 extend, and when it is required to form a current loop with the light receiver 230 and the light emitter 210 through the wires such that the positive electrode post 610 and the negative electrode post 620 respectively, the wires of the light emitter 210 and the light receiver 230 may be led out of the shield 300 through the corresponding wire guides 330 to connect the positive electrode post 610 and the negative electrode post 620. Therefore, the light receiver 230 and the light emitter 210 are located in the accommodating cavity 310, and the light emitter 210 and the light receiver 230 can be protected by the protective cover 300, so that the optical fiber 220 is also convenient to receive the gas detection light 240 and guide the gas detection light 240 to the light receiver 230, and meanwhile, the wire is convenient to be communicated with the inside and the outside of the accommodating cavity 310 through the wire hole 330 by arranging the wire hole 330 on the protective cover 300, so that the positive pole 610 and the negative pole 620 are convenient to supply power for the light emitter 210 and the light receiver 230.

Further, one of the two wire guides 330 is disposed adjacent to the positive electrode post 610 and the other is disposed adjacent to the negative electrode post 620. The positive electrode post 610, the negative electrode post 620, and the shield 300 are simultaneously disposed on the wall portion 110, and the wire guide 330 adjacent to the positive electrode post 610 may be understood as: the wire guide 330 opened at the shortest distance of the shield 300 from the positive electrode post 610. The wire guide 330 adjacent to the negative electrode shaft 620 can be understood as: the wire guide 330 is opened at the shortest distance of the shield 300 from the negative electrode shaft 620. Therefore, the two wire guides 330 are adjacent to the positive electrode post 610 and the negative electrode post 620, respectively, so that when the positive electrode post 610 and the negative electrode post 620 form a current loop with the light receiver 230 and the light emitter 210 respectively through wires, the length of the wires outside the accommodating cavity 310 can be reduced, and the complexity of the wires outside the accommodating cavity 310 can be further reduced.

In some embodiments, the housing 100 includes a shell 120 and an end cap 130, and the positive post 610, the negative post 620, the fiber optic detection assembly 200, and the protective cover 300 are disposed on the end cap 130. The case 120 may have a hollow and open structure, the case 120 may be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 140, electrolyte, etc., and the cap 130 seals the open end of the case 120 to isolate the internal environment of the case 120 from the external environment. The end cap 130 may be made of a material having a certain hardness and strength (e.g., aluminum alloy), so that the end cap 130 is not easily deformed when being impacted by extrusion, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell 10. The materials of the end cap 130 and the housing 120 may also be various, for example, the materials of the end cap 130 and the housing 120 include, but are not limited to, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc. Accordingly, by providing the positive electrode post 610, the negative electrode post 620, the optical fiber detection assembly 200, and the protection cover 300 to the end cap 130, the positive electrode post 610, the negative electrode post 620, the optical fiber detection assembly 200, and the protection cover 300 can be easily mounted and fixed by the end cap 130.

In some embodiments, the battery cell 10 includes a circuit board 700 disposed on the housing 100, the circuit board 700 being electrically connected to the light receiver 230 and the light emitter 210. The circuit board 700 may be disposed at any position of the battery cell 10, and illustratively, the circuit board 700 may be disposed at any one of the outer sides of the housing 100 of the battery cell 10, such as when the optical fiber detecting assembly 200 is disposed at the top of the housing 100 of the battery cell 10, the circuit board 700 may also be disposed at the top of the housing 100, so that the optical receiver 230 and the optical transmitter 210 are electrically connected with the circuit board 700. The circuit board 700 may be located at the same side as the positive and negative electrode posts 610 and 620, and illustratively, the circuit board 700 may be disposed on the end cap 130 simultaneously with the positive and negative electrode posts 610 and 620, and the circuit board 700 may be located between the positive and negative electrode posts 610 and 620 so as to form a current loop with the circuit board 700 through the positive and negative electrode posts 610 and 620. The circuit board 700 may transmit control signals to the light receiver 230 and the light emitter 210 so that the light emitter 210 emits the gas detection light 240 and so that the light receiver 230 receives the gas detection light 240 and generates an electrical signal according to the light intensity of the received gas detection light 240. And the circuit board 700 may also receive the electric signal generated by the light receiver 230 and then perform targeted management of the battery cell 10 according to the received electric signal. Thus, control signals may be provided to the light receiver 230 and the light emitter 210 through the circuit board 700, so that the optical fiber detection assembly 200 can detect the state of the battery cell 10, and can manage the battery cell 10 according to the detected information.

In some embodiments, the shield 300 is disposed outside the housing 100. Thus, by disposing the protective cover 300 outside the housing 100, the risk of direct contact between the protective cover 300 and the electrolyte inside the housing 100 can be reduced, so that it is unnecessary to separately dispose an anti-corrosion structure for the protective cover 300 and/or the optical fiber detecting assembly 200, compared with the electrolyte, and design complexity of the optical fiber detecting assembly 200 and the protective cover 300 can be reduced. And the protective cover 300 is arranged outside the shell 100 without occupying space inside the shell 100, so that the space inside the shell 100 can accommodate more components, thereby improving the space utilization rate inside the shell 100.

Further, the shield 300 is integrally formed with the wall portion 110, or the shield 300 is welded to the wall portion 110. The shield 300 may be placed on a surface of the wall portion 110 facing away from the interior of the housing 100 and then welded along the edges of the shield 300 and the wall portion 110 to weld-fix the shield 300 to the wall portion 110. Or the wall 110 is provided with a clamping groove, and the protective cover 300 is welded and fixed to the wall 110 by arranging part of the structure of the protective cover 300 in the clamping groove to pre-position the protective cover 300 on the wall 110 and then welding along the edges of the outer surfaces of the protective cover 300 and the wall 110. Thus, by integrally molding the shield 300 and the wall 110, the attachment and fixation of the shield 300 can be simplified, and the production efficiency can be improved. The shield 300 is welded to the wall 110, and the stability of the connection between the shield 300 and the wall 110 can be improved.

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a partial schematic view of the battery cell 10 shown in fig. 4, taken along the B-B direction.

The side of the shield 300 facing the inside of the housing 100 has a vent hole 320 communicating with the accommodating chamber 310, and the accommodating chamber 310 communicates with the inside of the housing 100 through the vent hole 320. The vent hole 320 penetrates through the side of the shield 300 facing the inside of the housing 100, and a through hole communicating with the vent hole 320 may be formed in the wall 110, and the through hole in the wall 110 communicates with the inside of the housing 100. The vent hole 320 may extend in the extending direction of the optical fiber 220, at least a portion of the vent hole 320 communicates with the through hole, or the shape of the vent hole 320 may be similar to the shape of the through hole on the wall portion 110, and the vent hole 320 corresponds to the through hole on the wall portion 110, so that the receiving chamber 310 communicates with the inside of the housing 100 through the vent hole 320. Therefore, the protection cover 300 is provided with the vent hole 320, and the gas in the casing 100 can enter the accommodating cavity 310 through the vent hole 320, so that the optical fiber detection assembly 200 can conveniently detect the gas content in the battery cell 10 through the vent hole 320, and the purpose of determining the working state of the battery cell 10 is further realized.

Further, the battery unit 10 includes a lower plastic member 400, the lower plastic member 400 is attached to a side of the wall portion 110 facing the interior of the housing 100, and the lower plastic member 400 is provided with an air hole 420 communicating with the interior of the housing 100 and the accommodating cavity 310. The lower plastic part 400 may be integrally preformed or assembled from plastic parts, and the material of the lower plastic part 400 may include an insulating material. The lower plastic 400 may provide insulation properties that improve electrical insulation between the interior of the housing 100 and the wall 110. In addition, the lower plastic member 400 can also play a role in fixing and protecting the electrode assembly 140 inside the housing 100, so that the risk of disconnection of the electrode assembly 140 and other elements inside the housing 100 due to displacement during transportation and use of the battery cell 10, especially in a vibration environment, is reduced. The connection between the lower plastic member 400 and the wall portion 110 includes, but is not limited to, welding, bonding, clamping, etc. Specifically, a plurality of protrusions may be disposed on a side of the lower plastic part 400 facing the wall 110, and mounting holes may be disposed on the wall 110 corresponding to the protrusions, so that the protrusions are clamped into the mounting holes when the lower plastic part 400 is attached to the wall 110, and the purpose of connecting the lower plastic part 400 and the wall 110 is achieved. The ventilation holes 420 may penetrate through the opposite side surfaces of the lower plastic part 400, so that the air inside the housing 100 may enter the accommodating cavity 310 through the ventilation holes 420 and the ventilation holes 320, and the number of the ventilation holes 420 may be set according to practical situations, for example, the ventilation holes 420 may be one or more. Therefore, the lower plastic part 400 is attached to the side of the wall portion 110 facing the inside of the housing 100, electrical insulation can be achieved between the inside of the housing 100 and the wall portion 110 through the lower plastic part 400, the air holes 420 are formed in the lower plastic part 400, and air in the housing 100 can enter the accommodating cavity 310 through the air holes 420 and the air holes 320, so that the optical fiber detection assembly 200 can detect the air content in the battery cell 10 conveniently, and the purpose of determining the working state of the battery cell 10 can be achieved.

Further, an air vent 410 is formed on a side of the lower plastic part 400 facing the wall 110, and an air vent 420 is formed on a bottom wall of the air vent 410; the projections of the vent holes 320 and the vent grooves 410 along the fitting direction Y of the lower plastic 400 and the wall portion 110 at least partially overlap. The lower plastic member 400 may be recessed toward the side of the wall portion 110 along the thickness direction thereof compared to the lower plastic member 400 to form the ventilation slot 410, and the ventilation holes 420 are more easily formed in the bottom wall of the ventilation slot 410 due to the thinner thickness of the bottom wall of the ventilation slot 410 compared to other positions of the lower plastic member 400. The bonding direction Y of the lower plastic 400 and the wall 110 can be understood as the direction in which the thicknesses of the lower plastic 400 and the wall 110 are located when the lower plastic 400 and the wall 110 are bonded together. The projections of the vent hole 320 and the vent slot 410 along the fitting direction Y of the lower plastic part 400 and the wall portion 110 at least partially overlap, so that the vent slot 410 and the vent hole 320 are at least partially correspondingly communicated, when the vent hole 420 is disposed at the bottom wall of the vent slot 410, the gas inside the housing 100 can enter the vent slot 410 through the vent hole 420, and then enter the accommodating cavity 310 through the vent hole 320. Therefore, the ventilation holes 420 are disposed on the bottom wall of the ventilation slot 410, and the projections of the ventilation holes 320 and the ventilation slot 410 at least partially overlap, so that the accommodating cavity 310 and the interior of the housing 100 can be sequentially communicated through the ventilation holes 420, the ventilation slot 410 and the ventilation holes 320, so that the gas in the housing 100 can enter the accommodating cavity 310, and the optical fiber detection assembly 200 can detect the gas content in the battery cell 10.

Further, the ventilation slot 410 includes a main ventilation slot 411 and a sub ventilation slot 412, and the ventilation hole 420 is provided at the bottom wall of the main ventilation slot 411; the sub ventilation slots 412 are provided outside the main ventilation slots 411 and communicate with each other through lateral sides of the main ventilation slots 411 and the main ventilation slots 411; the battery cell 10 includes the explosion-proof valve 500 provided to the wall portion 110, and the projections of the explosion-proof valve 500 and the main ventilation slot 411 in the fitting direction Y at least partially overlap, and the projections of the ventilation hole 320 and the sub ventilation slot 412 in the fitting direction Y at least partially overlap. The radial dimension of the main ventilation slots 411 may be greater than the radial dimension of the sub ventilation slots 412, the number of the main ventilation slots 411 may be one, the number of the sub ventilation slots 412 may be one or more, and when the number of the sub ventilation slots 412 is a plurality, the plurality of sub ventilation slots 412 may be disposed at intervals around the circumference of the main ventilation slots 411. For example, when the number of the sub-ventilation slots 412 is two, the two sub-ventilation slots 412 may be oppositely disposed in the radial direction of the main ventilation slot 411. The projections of the vent hole 320 and the auxiliary vent slot 412 along the fitting direction Y at least partially overlap, so that the auxiliary vent slot 412 is at least partially correspondingly communicated with the vent hole 320, and when the vent hole 420 is disposed at the bottom wall of the main vent slot 411, the gas inside the housing 100 can enter the main vent slot 411 through the vent hole 420, and then enter the accommodating cavity 310 through the auxiliary vent slot 412 and the vent hole 320. The explosion-proof valve 500 may be used to release the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 10 reaches a threshold value, for example, gas may be generated in the interior of the housing 100 of the battery cell 10 due to side reactions of electrochemical reaction during multiple charge and discharge cycles of the battery cell 10, and as the gas content increases, the gas pressure in the interior of the housing 100 may also increase, which may easily cause the housing 100 of the battery cell 10 to deform and may easily cause the structural strength of the housing 100 to fail. When the internal pressure of the battery cell 10 reaches a threshold value, the pressure inside the casing 100 may be relieved by the explosion-proof valve 500. In this embodiment, the projections of the explosion-proof valve 500 and the main vent slot 411 along the fitting direction Y at least partially overlap, so that the main vent slot 411 is at least partially communicated with the explosion-proof valve 500, when the vent hole 420 is disposed at the bottom wall of the main vent slot 411, the gas inside the housing 100 can enter the main vent slot 411 through the vent hole 420, and then the gas in the main vent slot 411 is discharged through the explosion-proof valve 500, so as to achieve the purpose of discharging the internal pressure of the battery. Therefore, the projections of the explosion-proof valve 500 and the main ventilation slot 411 along the fitting direction Y are at least partially overlapped, so that when the gas content in the housing 100 is more, the air pressure in the housing 100 can be adjusted through the explosion-proof valve 500 and the main ventilation slot 411, and the projections of the ventilation hole 320 and the auxiliary ventilation slot 412 along the fitting direction Y are at least partially overlapped, so that the gas in the housing 100 enters the accommodating cavity 310 through the auxiliary ventilation slot 412, and the optical fiber detection assembly 200 can detect the gas content in the battery cell 10.

In some embodiments, the number of the ventilation holes 420 is plural, and the plurality of ventilation holes 420 are arranged in an array. The shape and size of the plurality of ventilation holes 420 may be the same or different, the plurality of ventilation holes 420 are arranged in an array, and a greater number of ventilation holes 420 may be formed on the bottom wall of the ventilation slot 410, for example, in fig. 5, the plurality of ventilation holes 420 are formed on the bottom wall of the ventilation slot 410 in fig. 5, the ventilation holes 420 are arranged in three rows, the number of ventilation holes 420 in the middle row is seven, and the number of ventilation holes 420 in the two rows on the side is five. Therefore, through the plurality of ventilation holes 420, the gas inside the housing 100 can enter the accommodating cavity 310 from the plurality of ventilation holes 420 and the ventilation holes 320 at the same time, so that the gas state inside the accommodating cavity 310 can be kept consistent with the gas state outside the accommodating cavity, the detection efficiency of the optical fiber detection assembly 200 is improved, and meanwhile, the influence on the structural strength of the lower plastic part 400 by the ventilation holes 420 can be reduced through the array arrangement of the plurality of ventilation holes 420.

The side of the lower plastic part 400 facing away from the wall part 110 is provided with a supporting rib 440, and the supporting rib 440 corresponds to the ventilation groove 410 in position. The supporting ribs 440 may extend to two ends of the lower plastic 400 on the width of the lower plastic 400, the supporting ribs 440 may be used to improve the structural strength of the lower plastic 400, and the supporting ribs 440 may form avoidance with the ventilation holes 420 to alleviate interference of the supporting ribs 440 to the ventilation holes 420. Therefore, by providing the support rib 440 on the side of the lower plastic part 400 facing away from the wall 110, the structural strength of the lower plastic part 400 can be enhanced by the support rib 440, and the adverse effect of the ventilation holes 420 on the structural strength of the lower plastic part 400 is reduced.

Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic cut-away view of a fiber optic detection assembly 200 and a protective cover 300 according to one or more embodiments.

The protection cover 300 surrounds the optical fiber 220 along the circumferential direction of the optical fiber 220, and the protection cover 300 is provided with a vent hole 320 communicating the accommodating cavity 310 with the inside of the housing 100. The vent hole 320 may be formed at any position of the protection cover 300, so long as the accommodating cavity 310 can be communicated with the inside of the casing 100 through the vent hole 320. Therefore, the protection cover 300 surrounds the optical fiber 220 along the circumferential direction of the optical fiber 220, the optical fiber 220 can be further protected by the protection cover 300, and the risk of failure caused by damage to the optical fiber 220 due to the exposure of the optical fiber 220 is reduced. And the protection cover 300 is provided with the vent hole 320, and gas in the shell 100 can enter the accommodating cavity 310 through the vent hole 320, so that the optical fiber detection assembly 200 can conveniently detect the gas content in the battery cell 10 through the vent hole 320, and the purpose of determining the working state of the battery cell 10 is further realized.

Further, the number of the vent holes 320 is plural, and the plurality of vent holes 320 are arranged at intervals along the length direction X of the accommodating cavity 310. The number of the vent holes 320 may be set according to practical situations, and the vent holes 320 may extend in the radial direction of the shield cap 300 so that the gas inside the housing 100 enters the accommodating chamber 310 through the vent holes 320. The optical fiber 220 may extend in the length direction X, and the optical fiber 220 may simultaneously correspond to the plurality of vent holes 320 so that the gas entering from the vent holes 320 may directly and rapidly contact the optical fiber 220. Therefore, by providing a plurality of vent holes 320, gas can enter the accommodating cavity 310 from the plurality of vent holes 320 at the same time, the gas state inside the accommodating cavity 310 can be kept consistent with the gas state outside the accommodating cavity 310, so that the detection efficiency of the optical fiber detection assembly 200 is improved, the plurality of vent holes 320 are arranged at intervals along the length direction X of the accommodating cavity 310, the gas content of each position of the accommodating cavity 310 in the length direction X can be kept consistent as much as possible, and the detection accuracy of the optical fiber detection assembly 200 is improved.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, fig. 9 is a schematic top view of a second embodiment of a battery cell 10 according to one or more embodiments; fig. 10 is a first partial schematic view of the battery cell 10 shown in fig. 9, taken along the C-C direction.

The shield 300 is disposed between the wall 110 and the lower plastic 400. The protection cover 300 may be sandwiched between the wall portion 110 and the lower plastic member 400, or the protection cover 300 may be fixed to one of the wall portion 110 and the lower plastic member 400 by welding, gluing, fastening, or the like, and when the lower plastic member 400 is attached to the wall portion 110, the protection cover 300 may be located between the wall portion 110 and the lower plastic member 400. Thus, by disposing the shield 300 between the wall 110 and the lower plastic 400, the shield 300 can be fixed and protected by the wall 110 and the lower plastic 400.

Further, the protection cover 300 is disposed between the wall portion 110 and the lower plastic member 400, and the protection cover 300 is fixedly supported on the lower plastic member 400. Therefore, the protective cover 300 is fixedly supported on the lower plastic part 400, the protective cover 300 can be fixed through the lower plastic part 400, the protective cover 300 is arranged between the wall part 110 and the lower plastic part 400, and the protective cover 300 can be well protected through the wall part 110 and the lower plastic part 400.

Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a second partial schematic view of the battery cell 10 shown in fig. 9, taken along the C-C direction.

At least one of the lower plastic 400 and the wall 110 forms the shield 300. For example, when the protective cover 300 is formed on the lower plastic 400, the molded protective cover 300 may be directly opened on the lower plastic 400 while the lower plastic 400 is formed. When the shield 300 is formed on the wall portion 110, the molded shield 300 may be opened directly on the wall portion 110 at the same time as the wall portion 110 is formed. Or a part of the structure of the protective cover 300 is formed on the lower plastic member 400, and then another part of the structure of the protective cover 300 is formed on the wall portion 110, and when the lower plastic member 400 is attached to the wall portion 110, the two parts of the protective cover 300 are spliced together to form the complete protective cover 300. Therefore, by directly forming the protective cover 300 on at least one of the lower plastic member 400 and the wall portion 110, no additional separate protective cover 300 is required, and the integration level is improved.

Further, the lower plastic part 400 has a first groove 430, and the wall 110 is located at a notch of the first groove 430; and/or the wall 110 has a second groove 111, and the lower plastic part 400 is positioned at the notch of the second groove 111. The surface of the lower plastic member 400 facing the wall portion 110 is recessed to form a first groove 430, the first groove 430 can be used for accommodating the optical fiber 220, and when the lower plastic member 400 is attached to the wall portion 110, the wall portion 110 can seal the notch of the first groove 430, so that the lower plastic member 400 and the wall portion 110 cooperate to form the protection cover 300. And/or the wall portion 110 is recessed toward the surface of the lower plastic member 400 to form a second groove 111, the second groove 111 may be used to accommodate the optical fiber 220, and when the lower plastic member 400 is attached to the wall portion 110, the lower plastic member 400 may block the notch of the second groove 111, so that the lower plastic member 400 and the wall portion 110 cooperate to form the protection cover 300. Thus, by forming the first groove 430 in the lower plastic part 400 and/or forming the second groove 111 in the wall portion 110, the protective cover 300 can be formed conveniently in at least one of the lower plastic part 400 and the wall portion 110, and by the groove structure, the optical fiber 220 can be avoided from forming with the lower plastic part 400 and the wall portion 110, so that the risk of interference of the wall portion 110 and the lower plastic part 400 on the optical fiber 220 is reduced.

Referring to fig. 12, fig. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic of a battery management system 800 coupled to a battery cell 10 according to one or more embodiments.

The battery includes a battery management system 800, and the battery management system 800 is electrically connected to both the optical receiver 230 and the optical transmitter 210. The battery management system 800 (Battery Management System, BMS) can have a great impact on the safe operation of the electric vehicle, the vehicle control strategy selection, the selection of the charging mode, and the operation cost. The battery management system 800 is required to complete real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of the state of the battery system in the running process or the charging process of the vehicle, and inform the whole vehicle controller or the charger in a bus mode so as to achieve the purpose of effectively and efficiently using the battery system by adopting a reasonable control strategy. In this embodiment, the battery management system 800 may be electrically connected to the electrode posts of the plurality of battery cells 10 and the light receiver 230 and the light emitter 210 at the same time, so as to monitor the states of the cell voltages, temperatures, and module currents of the plurality of battery cells 10 through the battery management system 800 at the same time, and perform battery equalization control, fault diagnosis, and the like. Thus, control signals may be provided to the light receiver 230 and the light emitter 210 through the circuit board 700, so that the optical fiber detection assembly 200 can detect the state of the battery cell 10, and can manage the battery cell 10 according to the detected information.

In summary, the optical fiber detection assembly 200 includes the optical receiver 230, the optical transmitter 210 and the optical fiber 220, the protection cover 300 is disposed on the wall 110, the protection cover 300 has a containing cavity 310 for containing the optical fiber 220, which can protect the optical fiber 220 better, reduce the risk of failure caused by damage to the optical fiber 220 due to the exposure of the optical fiber 220, and the containing cavity 310 is communicated with the interior of the housing 100, and the optical fiber 220 is used for transmitting the gas detection light 240 emitted by the optical transmitter 210 to the optical receiver 230, so that the gas content inside the battery cell 10 can be detected by the optical fiber detection assembly 200, and the purpose of determining the working state of the battery cell 10 can be further achieved.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the embodiments, and are intended to be included within the scope of the claims and description. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery cell, the battery cell comprising:

a housing including a wall portion;

the optical fiber detection assembly comprises an optical receiver, an optical transmitter and an optical fiber, wherein the optical transmitter is used for emitting gas detection light, and the optical fiber is used for receiving and transmitting the gas detection light to the optical receiver;

the protective cover is arranged on the wall part and is provided with an accommodating cavity communicated with the inside of the shell, and the accommodating cavity is used for accommodating the optical fiber.

2. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein the battery cell comprises a plurality of cells,

the battery unit comprises a lower plastic part, and the lower plastic part is attached to one side of the wall part facing the inside of the shell;

at least one of the lower plastic part and the wall part forms the protective cover, or the protective cover is arranged between the wall part and the lower plastic part.

3. The battery cell of claim 2, wherein the lower plastic member has a first groove, the wall portion being located in a notch of the first groove; and/or the wall part is provided with a second groove, and the lower plastic part is positioned at the notch of the second groove.

4. The battery cell of claim 2, wherein the protective cover is disposed between the wall portion and the lower plastic member, the protective cover being fixedly supported on the lower plastic member.

5. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein the protective cover surrounds the optical fiber along a circumferential direction of the optical fiber, and wherein the protective cover is provided with a vent hole communicating the accommodating cavity and the interior of the housing.

6. The battery cell of claim 5, wherein the number of vent holes is a plurality, and the plurality of vent holes are spaced apart along the length of the receiving cavity.

7. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein the protective cover is disposed outside the housing.

8. The battery cell of claim 7, wherein the shield is integrally formed with the wall portion or the shield is welded to the wall portion.

9. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein a side of the protective cover facing the interior of the housing has a vent hole in communication with the receiving cavity, the receiving cavity being in communication with the interior of the housing via the vent hole.

10. The battery cell as recited in claim 9, wherein the battery cell comprises a lower plastic member disposed on a side of the wall portion facing the interior of the housing in a fitting manner, the lower plastic member being provided with ventilation holes communicating the interior of the housing with the receiving cavity.

11. The battery cell according to claim 10, wherein a vent groove is formed in a side of the lower plastic member facing the wall portion, and the vent hole is formed in a bottom wall of the vent groove; the projections of the vent holes and the vent grooves along the fitting direction of the lower plastic part and the wall part are at least partially overlapped.

12. The battery cell of claim 11, wherein the vent channel comprises a primary vent channel and a secondary vent channel, the vent hole being disposed in a bottom wall of the primary vent channel; the auxiliary ventilation groove is arranged outside the main ventilation groove and communicated with the main ventilation groove through the lateral direction of the main ventilation groove; the battery unit comprises an explosion-proof valve arranged on the wall part, the explosion-proof valve and the projection of the main ventilation groove along the fitting direction are at least partially overlapped, and the projection of the ventilation hole and the auxiliary ventilation groove along the fitting direction is at least partially overlapped.

13. The battery cell according to claim 11, wherein the number of the ventilation holes is plural, and the plurality of ventilation holes are arranged in an array; and/or one side of the lower plastic part, which is away from the wall part, is provided with a support rib, and the support rib corresponds to the ventilation groove in position.

14. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein the battery cell comprises a positive post and a negative post disposed on the wall portion, the positive post and the negative post being disposed at a distance, the light emitter and the light receiver being electrically connected to the positive post and the negative post, respectively.

15. The battery cell as recited in claim 14, wherein the light receiver and the light emitter are positioned in the accommodating cavity, two ends of the protective cover are respectively provided with a wire guide hole communicated with the accommodating cavity, and wires of the light emitter and the light receiver are led out of the protective cover through the corresponding wire guide holes.

16. The battery cell of claim 15, wherein one of the two wire guides is disposed adjacent to the positive post and the other is disposed adjacent to the negative post.

17. The battery cell of claim 14, wherein the housing comprises a shell and an end cap, the positive post, the negative post, the fiber optic detection assembly, and the protective cover being disposed on the end cap.

18. The battery cell of any one of claims 1-17, wherein the battery cell comprises a circuit board disposed on the housing, the circuit board being electrically connected to the light receiver and light emitter.

19. A battery comprising a cell according to any one of claims 1-18.

20. The battery of claim 19, wherein the battery comprises a battery management system electrically connected to both the optical receiver and the optical transmitter.

21. An electrical device comprising a battery as claimed in claim 19 or 20.