CN220489957U

CN220489957U - Railway roadbed subsides deformation monitor

Info

Publication number: CN220489957U
Application number: CN202321784095.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于伟虎; 李育栋; 赵振荣; 李荣建
Original assignee: Xi'an Railway Survey And Design Institute Co ltd; Railway Operation Co Of Shanxi Lu'an Environmental Energy Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Railway Survey And Design Institute Co ltd; Railway Operation Co Of Shanxi Lu'an Environmental Energy Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-07-09
Filing date: 2023-07-09
Publication date: 2024-02-13
Anticipated expiration: 2033-07-09

Abstract

The utility model discloses a railway roadbed settlement deformation monitor which comprises a settlement deformation monitoring device body for monitoring railway roadbed settlement deformation, wherein a box-shaped support with an opening at the bottom is arranged below the settlement deformation monitoring device body, and a spherical sleeve with the opening at the top and the opening at the bottom is embedded and fixed at the top of the box-shaped support. The utility model has the advantages that the universal ball locking and automatic pressure control stable locking are conveniently and quickly released through a series of structures, in addition, the universal ball locking and locking device can warn reminding personnel to be in a pressure control locking state during pressure control locking, is convenient to use, is convenient to self-adaptively level the settlement deformation monitoring device body in a gravity rotation mode during unlocking, is convenient to blind-operate and level the settlement deformation monitoring device body conveniently and quickly in a mode of matching automatic leveling with pressure control locking, does not need manual observation and adjustment, improves the adjustment convenience and efficiency, and can stably support and properly adjust the height.

Description

Railway roadbed subsides deformation monitor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of roadbed settlement deformation monitor equipment, in particular to a railway roadbed settlement deformation monitor.

Background

The roadbed is a foundation of a track or a road surface, is a geotechnical structure formed by excavation or filling, and has the main functions of providing necessary conditions for track or road surface paving and train or driving operation, bearing static load and dynamic load of the track and rolling stock or road surface and traffic load, and simultaneously transmitting and diffusing the load to the deep part of the foundation.

According to the deformation monitoring device of the railway subgrade disclosed in Chinese patent CN202122963872.6, the device comprises an installation box, a circular groove is formed in the inner top wall of the installation box, a movable ball is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the circular groove, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the movable ball, a leveling device and an alarm device are arranged in the installation box, the leveling device comprises four supporting rods, the tops of the four supporting rods are inserted on the installation box and are in sliding connection with the installation box, screw rods in threaded connection with the top of the four supporting rods are inserted on the tops of the four supporting rods, the top ends of the four screw rods are rotationally connected with the installation box, four motors are installed in the installation box, the output ends of the four motors are respectively and fixedly connected with the four screw rods, the input ends of the four motors are electrically connected with a controller, and level gauges which are uniformly distributed are installed on the tops of the installation box; the device monitors the degree of deformation through the data change degree measured by the distance sensor, and then the convenience of customers judges, the practicality of improvement device, meanwhile, signal transmitter only has anodal and battery connection this moment, signal transmitter is in the closed state this moment, and when excessive deformation appears in the monitoring position, the installation box can appear excessive slope, the connecting rod can contact with the conducting ring, the connecting rod can be with the electric current of battery input for signal transmitter through the conducting ring this moment, signal transmitter then can start, signal transmitter starts the back and sends the signal to the controller, and then play the effect of early warning, the practicality of improvement device.

The deformation monitoring device of the railway roadbed disclosed by the patent above, through setting up levelling device, utilize four lead screws and four bracing pieces in the adjusting device, can adjust the upper and lower position of four bracing pieces alone, can carry out whole monitoring device's leveling work when initial installation leads to whole slope because of the ground is uneven, but it still has some not enough:

the leveling mode is carried out by utilizing four screw rods to adjust the upper and lower positions of the four support rods one by one, manual observation and judgment are needed, the operation is complex, the leveling work of the monitoring device is difficult to quickly and conveniently carry out, the leveling efficiency and the convenience are not ideal, improvement is needed, and therefore the railway roadbed settlement deformation monitor is provided for solving the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a railway subgrade settlement deformation monitor for solving the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a railway roadbed subsides deformation monitor, includes the subsidence deformation monitoring device body that is used for railway roadbed subsidence deformation monitoring, subsidence deformation monitoring device body's below is equipped with the box-shaped support that the bottom set up for the opening, and the top of box-shaped support inlays and is fixed with the spherical cover that top and bottom are the opening setting, and spherical cover interior activity cover is equipped with the universal ball, fixedly connected with connecting seat between the top of universal ball and the bottom of subsidence deformation monitoring device body, the bottom fixedly connected with of universal ball is located the balancing weight in the box-shaped support, can keep vertical downwards automatically when the universal ball is not locked by the gravity of balancing weight to this can utilize the balancing weight to pass through the universal ball to subside deformation monitoring device body fast leveling when leading to whole slope because of the mounted position is uneven;

the left side of the box-shaped support is fixedly connected with a warning lamp and a PLC controller, an automatic control pressure tightening and pressing assembly closely contacted with the left side of the universal ball is fixed on the inner wall of the left side of the spherical sleeve, the automatic control pressure tightening and pressing assembly and the warning lamp are electrically connected with the PLC controller, the automatic control pressure tightening and pressing assembly is used for controlling the PLC controller to automatically and stably control and press and lock the universal ball, and the PLC controller is utilized to control the warning lamp to be started and reminded in a pressure control locking state;

the bottom of box shape support fixedly connected with supporting component for consolidate the support in the bottom.

Preferably, the self-control pressure tightening and pressing assembly comprises a rectangular pipe which is embedded and fixed on the left inner wall of the spherical sleeve, a rectangular sliding block is sleeved in the rectangular pipe in a sliding way, the right side of the rectangular sliding block is of an arc-shaped structure and is fixedly adhered with an anti-slip rubber, the right side of the anti-slip rubber is tightly contacted with the left side of the universal ball, an electric push rod which is electrically connected with the PLC is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the rectangular pipe, the extending end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with a pressure sensor with the right side being a detection end, a compression spring which is in a compression state is fixedly connected between the right side of the pressure sensor and the left side of the rectangular sliding block, the box-shaped support is fixedly sleeved on the rectangular pipe, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the rectangular lamp and the PLC; when the locking of the universal ball is released, the electric push rod is reversely started to enable the universal ball to be separated from the universal ball leftwards through the pressure sensor, the compression spring and the rectangular slide block, the locking of the universal ball is released, when the locking is performed, the PLC controller is used for setting a pressure value for controlling the electric push rod to be closed and controlling the warning lamp to be opened in advance, the electric push rod is positively started to enable the electric push rod to be in contact with the universal ball rightwards through the pressure sensor, the compression spring and the rectangular slide block, the pressure sensor continuously moves rightwards to compress the compression spring, the locking of driving the anti-slip rubber to the universal ball is achieved, the pressure sensor detects the pressure value and transmits the pressure value to the PLC controller, when the preset pressure value is achieved, the PLC controller controls the electric push rod to be closed and controls the warning lamp to be opened, the effect of automatic stable pressure control locking is achieved, and the effect that the warning lamp is used for reminding personnel to be in a pressure control locking state is achieved.

Preferably, the support component comprises a square seat fixedly connected to the bottom of the box-shaped support, two T-shaped screws are arranged on two sides of the box-shaped support, threads of the square seat are sleeved on the four T-shaped screws, the bottom ends of the T-shaped screws are fixedly connected with connecting blocks, and the bottoms of the connecting blocks are fixedly connected with conical reinforcing blocks; the back shape seat, T shape screw rod, connecting block and the toper cooperation of strengthening the piece that set up utilize four toper to consolidate the piece and stabilize the support in the bottom, can adjust the toper through rotating T shape screw rod and consolidate the distance that the piece stretches out back shape seat below.

Preferably, two groups of anti-wear balls are embedded on the inner wall of the spherical sleeve, the number of each group of anti-wear balls is eight, the eight anti-wear balls of each group are nested on the inner wall of the spherical sleeve at equal intervals in an annular shape, and the universal ball is positioned among sixteen anti-wear balls and is in rolling contact with the anti-wear balls.

Preferably, the weight of the balancing weight is larger than the sum of the weight of the settlement deformation monitoring device body and the weight of the connecting seat.

Preferably, the top of the box-shaped support is provided with an embedded hole welded and fixed with the outer side of the spherical sleeve.

Preferably, two threaded holes are formed in two sides of the top of the square seat, and the threaded holes are in threaded connection with corresponding T-shaped screws.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the railway subgrade settlement deformation monitor, the spherical sleeve, the universal ball, the balancing weight, the self-control pressure tightening and pressing component and the PLC are matched, the locking of the universal ball can be automatically released when the electric push rod is reversely started, after the pressure value for controlling the electric push rod to be closed is set by the PLC in advance according to the pressure required by stable fixation, the universal ball can be automatically and stably locked by the self-control pressure tightening and pressing when the electric push rod is positively started, the railway subgrade settlement deformation monitoring device is convenient to use, the self-adaptive leveling of the settlement deformation monitoring device body can be automatically realized by utilizing the gravity autorotation mode when the locking is released, the blind operation leveling effect of the settlement deformation monitoring device body is realized conveniently and rapidly, and the adjustment convenience and efficiency are improved;

2. according to the railway subgrade settlement deformation monitor, the PLC is matched with the warning lamp, and after the pressure value for controlling the opening of the warning lamp is set by the PLC according to the pressure required by stable fixation, the warning device can warn and remind a person to be in a pressure control locking state when the pressure control locking is performed, so that the person can know the control state clearly;

3. the railway roadbed settlement deformation monitor can be stably supported and properly adjusted in height through the supporting component.

According to the utility model, the universal ball is conveniently and rapidly unlocked and automatically pressure-controlled and stably locked through the spherical sleeve, the universal ball, the balancing weight, the self-controlled pressure tightening and fastening assembly, the PLC and the warning lamp, a person can be warned to be in a pressure-controlled locking state during pressure-controlled locking, the self-adaptive leveling of the settlement deformation monitoring device body is convenient to use, the self-leveling and pressure-controlled locking mode is matched with the self-leveling mode, the settlement deformation monitoring device body can be conveniently and rapidly leveled in a blind operation mode, manual observation and adjustment are not needed, the adjustment convenience and efficiency are improved, and the settlement deformation monitoring device body can be stably supported and properly adjusted by combining the supporting assembly.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall perspective view of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a front cross-sectional structure of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion a in fig. 2 according to the present utility model.

In the figure: 1. a settlement deformation monitoring device body; 2. a square seat; 3. a T-shaped screw; 4. conical reinforcing blocks; 5. a box-shaped support; 6. a spherical sleeve; 7. a universal ball; 8. wear-resistant balls; 9. balancing weight; 10. a warning light; 11. a PLC controller; 12. a rectangular tube; 13. a rectangular slide block; 14. an anti-slip rubber; 15. an electric push rod; 16. a pressure sensor; 17. compressing the spring.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the railway roadbed settlement deformation monitor provided by the embodiment comprises a settlement deformation monitoring device body 1 for monitoring settlement deformation of a railway roadbed, a box-shaped support 5 with an opening arranged at the bottom is arranged below the settlement deformation monitoring device body 1, a spherical sleeve 6 with the top and the bottom being both opening is embedded and fixed at the top of the box-shaped support 5, an embedded hole which is welded and fixed with the outer side of the spherical sleeve 6 is formed at the top of the box-shaped support 5, the effect of enabling the spherical sleeve 6 to pass through and fixedly support the spherical sleeve 6 is achieved, universal balls 7 are movably sleeved in the spherical sleeve 6, two groups of anti-wear balls 8 are embedded on the inner wall of the spherical sleeve 6, the number of each group of anti-wear balls 8 is eight, the eight anti-wear balls 8 of each group are embedded on the inner wall of the spherical sleeve 6 at equal intervals in an annular mode, the universal balls 7 are positioned between sixteen anti-wear balls 8 and are in rolling contact with the anti-wear balls 8, the effect of supporting the universal balls 7 is achieved, a connecting seat is fixedly connected between the top of the universal balls 7 and the bottom of the settlement deformation monitoring device body 1, the universal balls 7 are fixedly connected with the bottom of the universal balls 9, the universal balls 7 are fixedly connected with the universal balls 9, the universal balls 7 can be automatically and can be prevented from being horizontally and horizontally arranged by using the universal balls 9 to be conveniently and automatically adjusted to the settlement deformation monitoring device body 1 by using the gravity monitoring device body to be automatically when the settlement deformation monitoring device body is not horizontally mounted by using the automatic 9 to be automatically and the weight 9 to be automatically adjusted to be automatically by the weight 9 to be well deformed by the weight 9;

the left side of the box-shaped support 5 is fixedly connected with a warning lamp 10 and a PLC (programmable logic controller) 11, an automatic control pressure tightening and pressing assembly closely contacted with the left side of the universal ball 7 is fixed on the inner wall of the left side of the spherical sleeve 6, the automatic control pressure tightening and pressing assembly and the warning lamp 10 are electrically connected with the PLC 11, the automatic control pressure tightening and pressing assembly is used for controlling the PLC 11 to automatically and stably control and press the universal ball 7 for locking, and the PLC 11 is used for controlling the warning lamp 10 to be started for reminding in a pressure control locking state; the self-control pressure tightening and pressing assembly comprises a rectangular pipe 12 embedded and fixed on the left inner wall of the spherical sleeve 6, an embedded through hole fixedly connected with the outer side of the rectangular pipe 12 is formed in the left inner wall of the spherical sleeve 6, the rectangular pipe 12 is embedded and fixed on the left inner wall of the spherical sleeve 6 through the embedded through hole, a rectangular sliding block 13 is sleeved in the rectangular pipe 12 in a sliding manner, the right side of the rectangular sliding block 13 is arranged into an arc-shaped structure and fixedly adhered with an anti-skid rubber 14, the right side of the anti-skid rubber 14 is tightly contacted with the left side of the universal ball 7, an electric push rod 15 electrically connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) is fixedly arranged on the bottom inner wall of the rectangular pipe 12, a pressure sensor 16 with the right side being a detection end is fixedly connected between the right side of the electric push rod 15 and the left side of the rectangular pipe 12, a compression spring 17 in a compressed state is fixedly sleeved on the rectangular pipe 12, a box-shaped support 5 is fixedly sleeved on the left inner wall of the rectangular pipe 12, a through hole fixedly sleeved on the left side of the box-shaped support 5 is fixedly connected with the rectangular pipe 12 through the sleeved through hole, and the electric push rod 15 is fixedly connected with the rectangular pipe 11 and the rectangular pipe 11, and the electric push rod 11 is electrically connected with the rectangular pipe 11 through the electric push rod 11, and the electric push rod 11 is electrically connected with the rectangular pipe 11; when the locking of the universal ball 7 is released, the electric push rod 15 is reversely started to drive the anti-slip rubber 14 to be separated from the universal ball 7 leftwards through the pressure sensor 16, the compression spring 17 and the rectangular slide block 13 in sequence to release the locking of the universal ball 7, when the locking is performed, the PLC 11 is used for setting a pressure value for controlling the electric push rod 15 to be closed and controlling the warning lamp 10 to be opened in advance, the electric push rod 15 is started to drive the anti-slip rubber 14 to be contacted with the universal ball 7 rightwards through the pressure sensor 16, the compression spring 17 and the rectangular slide block 13 in sequence, the pressure sensor 16 which continues to move right compresses the compression spring 17, so that the anti-slip rubber 14 is driven to tightly lock the universal ball 7, the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 16 is transmitted to the PLC 11, when the preset pressure value is reached, the PLC 11 controls the electric push rod 15 to be closed and controls the warning lamp 10 to be opened, the effect of automatic stable pressure control locking is achieved, the effect of lighting the lamp to warn the personnel to be in a pressure control locking state is achieved, the warning is utilized to remind the personnel to clearly know the control state, the pressure control can be utilized to accurately and stably fix the universal ball 7, and the phenomenon of rotation of the universal ball 7 in the monitoring process is prevented;

the bottom of the box-shaped support 5 is fixedly connected with a support component for reinforcing and supporting at the bottom; the support assembly comprises a square seat 2 fixedly connected to the bottom of a box-shaped support 5, two T-shaped screw rods 3 are arranged on two sides of the box-shaped support 5, threads of the square seat 2 are sleeved on the four T-shaped screw rods 3, two threaded holes are formed in two sides of the top of the square seat 2, the threaded holes are in threaded connection with the corresponding T-shaped screw rods 3, the effect of being convenient to move up and down when the T-shaped screw rods 3 rotate is achieved by means of the threaded connection relation between the T-shaped screw rods 3 and the threaded holes, a connecting block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the T-shaped screw rods 3, and a conical reinforcing block 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting block; the rectangular seat 2, the T-shaped screw 3, the connecting block and the conical reinforcing block 4 are matched, the four conical reinforcing blocks 4 are utilized to stably support the bottom, and the distance from the conical reinforcing block 4 to the lower side of the rectangular seat 2 can be adjusted by rotating the T-shaped screw 3.

The application method of the embodiment is as follows: when monitoring settlement deformation of railway roadbed, when the whole settlement deformation monitoring device body 1 is required to be regulated due to uneven ground in initial installation, the electric push rod 15 is reversely started, the extending end of the electric push rod 15 sequentially passes through the pressure sensor 16, the compression spring 17 and the rectangular sliding block 13 to drive the anti-slip rubber 14 to be separated from the universal ball 7 leftwards, locking of the universal ball 7 is released, at the moment, under the action of self gravity, the balancing weight 9 automatically rotates downwards to be vertical and drives the universal ball 7 to rotate in the spherical sleeve 6 in an adaptive manner, the universal ball 7 drives the settlement deformation monitoring device body 1 to automatically rotate to be horizontal through the connecting seat, the pressure required by stable fixation is set to control the closing of the electric push rod 15 and control the opening of the warning lamp 10 by the PLC controller 11, the electric push rod 15 is positively started to enable the electric push rod 15 to sequentially pass through the pressure sensor 16, the compression spring 17 and the rectangular sliding block 13 to drive the anti-slip rubber 14 to be rightwards contacted with the universal ball 7, the rectangular sliding block 13 is blocked and limited by the electric push rod 16, at the moment, the compression spring 17 in a right-hand movement is used for realizing the driving of the anti-slip rubber 14 to tighten the universal ball 7 under the action of self-gravity, the pressure sensor is used for detecting the self-adapting rotation in the spherical sleeve 6, the pressure value is driven by the universal ball 7, the automatic rotation is controlled by the connecting seat, the automatic rotation is controlled by the PLC controller to drive the anti-slip rubber 14 to rotate to be well, the stable and the stable control effect is controlled to realize the stable control of the opening of the stable control of the warning lamp 10, and warning lamp is controlled to be in order to be in stable and stable state, and warning is in order to realize stable and stable state can be in order to realize and stable state. The automatic adjustment by utilizing the gravity and the automatic pressure control locking mode after the adjustment are matched, so that the settlement deformation monitoring device body 1 can be conveniently and quickly subjected to blind operation adjustment, manual observation and adjustment are not needed, and the adjustment convenience and efficiency are improved;

the four conical reinforcing blocks 4 are utilized to stably support the bottom, before leveling work, the T-shaped screw 3 can be rotated in advance to adjust the distance that the conical reinforcing blocks 4 extend out of the lower part of the square seat 2, and the overall height can be adjusted;

the PLC controller 11, the warning light 10, the pressure sensor 16 and the electric putter 15 in the present utility model are all well known to those skilled in the art, and all belong to conventional means or common knowledge, and those skilled in the art can perform any optional matching according to their needs or convenience, in addition, the PLC controller 11 receives the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 16, and controls the electric putter 15 to turn off and control the warning light 10 to turn on when reaching the preset value, which is all well known to those skilled in the art, and all belong to conventional means or common knowledge by utilizing the control method of the edit program, and are not repeated herein.

Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and the present utility model is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a railway roadbed subsides deformation monitor, includes subsides deformation monitoring device body (1) that are used for railway roadbed subsides deformation monitoring, its characterized in that: a box-shaped support (5) with an opening at the bottom is arranged below the settlement deformation monitoring device body (1), a spherical sleeve (6) with the top and the bottom both being the opening is embedded and fixed at the top of the box-shaped support (5), a universal ball (7) is movably sleeved in the spherical sleeve (6), a connecting seat is fixedly connected between the top of the universal ball (7) and the bottom of the settlement deformation monitoring device body (1), and a balancing weight (9) positioned in the box-shaped support (5) is fixedly connected at the bottom of the universal ball (7);

the left side of the box-shaped support (5) is fixedly connected with a warning lamp (10) and a PLC (programmable logic controller) controller (11), an automatic control pressure tightening and pressing assembly tightly contacted with the left side of the universal ball (7) is fixed on the left side inner wall of the spherical sleeve (6), and the automatic control pressure tightening and pressing assembly and the warning lamp (10) are electrically connected with the PLC controller (11);

the bottom of the box-shaped support (5) is fixedly connected with a supporting component.

2. A railway roadbed settlement deformation monitor according to claim 1, wherein: the automatic control pressure tightening and pressing assembly comprises a rectangular pipe (12) which is embedded and fixed on the left inner wall of the spherical sleeve (6), a rectangular sliding block (13) is arranged in the rectangular pipe (12) in a sliding mode, an anti-slip rubber (14) is fixedly bonded on the right side of the rectangular sliding block (13), an electric push rod (15) which is electrically connected with the PLC (11) is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the rectangular pipe (12), a pressure sensor (16) with the right side being a detection end is fixedly connected to the extending end of the electric push rod (15), a compression spring (17) which is in a compressed state is fixedly connected between the right side of the pressure sensor (16) and the left side of the rectangular sliding block (13), the box-shaped support (5) is fixedly sleeved on the rectangular pipe (12), and the pressure sensor (16) is electrically connected with the warning lamp (10) and the PLC (11).

3. A railway roadbed settlement deformation monitor according to claim 1, wherein: the support assembly comprises a square seat (2) fixedly connected to the bottom of a box-shaped support (5), two T-shaped screws (3) are arranged on two sides of the box-shaped support (5), the square seat (2) is sleeved on the four T-shaped screws (3) in a threaded manner, a connecting block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the T-shaped screws (3), and a conical reinforcing block (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting block.

4. A railway roadbed settlement deformation monitor according to claim 1, wherein: two groups of anti-wear balls (8) are embedded on the inner wall of the spherical sleeve (6), the number of each group of anti-wear balls (8) is eight, the eight anti-wear balls (8) of each group are nested on the inner wall of the spherical sleeve (6) at equal intervals in an annular shape, and the universal ball (7) is positioned among sixteen anti-wear balls (8) and is in rolling contact with the anti-wear balls (8).

5. A railway roadbed settlement deformation monitor according to claim 1, wherein: the weight of the balancing weight (9) is larger than the sum of the weight of the settlement deformation monitoring device body (1) and the weight of the connecting seat.

6. A railway roadbed settlement deformation monitor according to claim 1, wherein: the top of the box-shaped support (5) is provided with an embedded hole welded and fixed with the outer side of the spherical sleeve (6).

7. A railway subgrade settlement deformation monitor as claimed in claim 3, wherein: two threaded holes are formed in two sides of the top of the square seat (2), and the threaded holes are in threaded connection with corresponding T-shaped screws (3).