CN220323793U - Heating circuit, heating control system and mass spectrometer - Google Patents

Heating circuit, heating control system and mass spectrometer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN220323793U
CN220323793U CN202322026425.7U CN202322026425U CN220323793U CN 220323793 U CN220323793 U CN 220323793U CN 202322026425 U CN202322026425 U CN 202322026425U CN 220323793 U CN220323793 U CN 220323793U
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circuit
resistor
operational amplifier
heating
heating circuit
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CN202322026425.7U
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唐青成
赵泥
林志敏
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Zhongyuan Huiji Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Zhongyuan Huiji Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a heating circuit, which comprises: the input end of the isolation conversion driving circuit is connected with an external PID controller and is used for carrying out isolation transmission on PWM control signals from the external PID controller and carrying out level conversion on the PWM control signals which are isolated and transmitted; the input end of the operational amplifier filter circuit is connected with the output end of the isolation conversion drive circuit and is used for filtering the converted PWM control signal; the power heating circuit comprises a first switching tube and an adjustable resistor, wherein the base electrode of the first switching tube is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier filter circuit, the emitting electrode of the first switching tube is connected with the adjustable resistor, and the other end of the adjustable resistor and the collecting electrode of the first switching tube are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply VCC. A heating control system and a mass spectrometer are also disclosed.

Description

Heating circuit, heating control system and mass spectrometer
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of circuits, in particular to a heating circuit, a heating control system and a mass spectrometer.
Background
In some ultra-high precision applications, precise control of temperature is required, for example, some precision circuits for sampling feedback need to operate at constant ambient temperature to ensure performance and stability of the circuit. Currently, in order to achieve accurate temperature control, PID controllers are typically used to maintain a constant temperature by continuously adjusting the power of the heating elements in the heating circuit. In the prior art, the PID temperature control heating circuit mostly adopts a digital switch chopping technology or a low-dropout linear voltage stabilizing technology to combine with a heating element to realize constant temperature heating, however, the digital switch chopping technology can cause higher circuit noise to influence the signal-to-noise ratio of the whole precision circuit, and the low-dropout linear voltage stabilizing technology has larger energy consumption and lower heating efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a heating circuit, a heating control system and a mass spectrometer, which can reduce circuit noise and have higher heating efficiency.
In order to solve the above technical problems, according to an aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a heating circuit, including:
the input end of the isolation conversion driving circuit is connected with an external PID controller and is used for carrying out isolation transmission on PWM control signals from the external PID controller and carrying out level conversion on the PWM control signals which are isolated and transmitted;
the input end of the operational amplifier filter circuit is connected with the output end of the isolation conversion drive circuit and is used for filtering the PWM control signal after level conversion;
the power heating circuit comprises a first switching tube and an adjustable resistor, wherein the base electrode of the first switching tube is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier filter circuit, the emitting electrode of the first switching tube is connected with the adjustable resistor, and the other end of the adjustable resistor and the collecting electrode of the first switching tube are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply VCC.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the operational amplifier filter circuit comprises a fourth resistor, a second capacitor and an operational amplifier, wherein the normal phase input end of the operational amplifier is connected with one end of the fourth resistor and one end of the second capacitor, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the output end of the isolation conversion drive circuit, the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the reverse phase input end of the operational amplifier and is used as the output end of the operational amplifier filter circuit, the output end of the operational amplifier filter circuit is connected with the base electrode of the first switch tube in the power heating circuit, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the operational amplifier is an operational amplifier with the model of OPA 189.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the isolation conversion drive circuit comprises a third resistor, a first photoelectric coupler, a first diode, a second diode and a second resistor, wherein the positive electrode of a light emitting diode in the first photoelectric coupler is connected with one end of the third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected with an external PID controller, the positive electrode of the second diode is connected with the negative electrode of the first diode, the positive electrode of the first diode is connected with a power supply VCC, one end of the second resistor is connected with the negative electrode of the second diode, the collector electrode of a triode in the first photoelectric coupler is connected with the other end of the second resistor and is used as the output end of the isolation conversion drive circuit so as to output PWM control signals after level conversion of the isolation conversion drive circuit, and the negative electrode of the light emitting diode in the first photoelectric coupler and the emitting electrode in the triode are grounded.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the power heating circuit further comprises a fifth resistor, the base electrode of the first switching tube is connected with one end of the fifth resistor, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier filter circuit.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the power heating circuit further comprises a first capacitor, one end of the first capacitor is connected with one end of the adjustable resistor connected with the power supply VCC, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the power heating circuit further comprises a third capacitor, one end of the third capacitor is connected with the collector electrode of the first switch tube, and the other end of the third capacitor is grounded.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the first switching tube adopts a transistor with the model number of MJE and 700.
In order to solve the above technical problems, according to another aspect of the present utility model, a heating control system is provided, the heating control system includes a temperature sensor, a signal acquisition circuit, a microprocessor, a PID controller, and the heating circuit described above, the signal acquisition circuit is connected to the temperature sensor and the microprocessor, and the PID controller is connected to the microprocessor and the heating circuit. Based on the design, in the utility model, the probe of the temperature sensor is connected with the external precise circuit board to detect the working temperature change of the external precise circuit board in real time, the input end of the microprocessor is connected with the temperature sensor through the signal acquisition circuit to obtain the real-time working temperature of the external precise circuit board, and the input end and the output end of the PID controller are respectively connected with the output end of the microprocessor and the heating circuit to control the heating circuit to work according to the real-time working temperature from the microprocessor, thereby adjusting and controlling the working temperature of the external precise circuit board.
To solve the above technical problem, according to another aspect of the present utility model, there is provided a mass spectrometer, which includes the heating circuit or the heating control system.
Compared with the prior art, the isolation conversion driving circuit in the heating circuit can carry out isolation transmission on PWM control signals from an external PID controller so as to reduce noise coupling of digital signals and analog signals, avoid signal-to-noise ratio reduction of the analog circuit, and simultaneously can carry out level conversion, the PWM control signals from the external PID controller are converted into levels suitable for amplification and filtering so as to ensure the quality and stability of the signals, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the heating circuit, the converted PWM control signals are transmitted to the operational amplifier filtering circuit, the operational amplifier filtering circuit can carry out filtering on the converted PWM control signals, instant pulse current and voltage peak when the external PID controller works can be eliminated, signal pulses input to the power heating circuit become smooth and slowly change, pulse interference is eliminated, the heating power of the power heating circuit slowly changes linearly along with PWM duty ratio, noise is reduced, and the first switching tube and the adjustable resistor in the power heating circuit are all used as heaters, the maximum heating power of the whole heating circuit can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor, and the heating efficiency can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a heating circuit according to an embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the heating power and the duty cycle of the PWM control signal in the heating circuit of the present utility model.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a heating control system according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
The figure identifies the description: 1. a temperature sensor; 2. a signal acquisition circuit; 3. a microprocessor; 4. a PID controller; 5. a heating circuit; 51. isolating the switching drive circuit; 52. an operational amplifier filter circuit; 53. a power heating circuit; 10. a heating control system; 20. an external precision circuit board.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples below in order to more clearly understand the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a heating circuit 5 according to an embodiment of the utility model. The heating circuit 5 of the present utility model can be applied to a device that needs to precisely control the temperature, and in the embodiment shown in the drawings, the heating circuit 5 includes an isolation switching driving circuit 51, an operational amplifier filter circuit 52, and a power heating circuit 53 that are sequentially connected. The input end of the isolation conversion driving circuit 51 is connected to an external PID (proportional-integral-derivative) controller, and is configured to isolate and transmit a PWM (pulse width modulation) control signal from the external PID controller, and perform level conversion on the PWM control signal that is isolated and transmitted; the input end of the operational amplifier filter circuit 52 is connected with the output end of the isolation conversion drive circuit 51, and is used for filtering the PWM control signal after level conversion so as to eliminate the instant pulse current and voltage peak when the external PID controller works; the power heating circuit 53 includes a first switching tube Q1 and an adjustable resistor R1, a base electrode of the first switching tube Q1 is connected to an output end of the op-amp filter circuit 52, an emitter electrode of the first switching tube Q1 is connected to the adjustable resistor R1, and another end of the adjustable resistor R1 and a collector electrode of the first switching tube Q1 are respectively connected to an anode and a cathode of the power supply VCC. Preferably, in this embodiment, the first switching tube Q1 is a transistor of a model MJE 700.
As can be appreciated, the external PID controller will have a large pulse current at an instant of fast switching of the heating switch, the pulse current will bring about a large noise interference, while the high frequency chopping technology is adopted at present, the pulse current is at an instant of each fast switching, the operational amplifier filter circuit 52 filters the PWM control signal, smoothes the pulse, and makes the voltage and current change slowly, thus eliminating the pulse interference, i.e. the PWM control signal with high frequency change is converted into the PWM control signal with low frequency change, so as to eliminate the pulse current and voltage peak generated by the heating element during the fast switching process.
In some embodiments, the operational amplifier filter circuit 52 includes a fourth resistor R4, a second capacitor C2, and an operational amplifier U1, where a non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to one ends of the fourth resistor R4 and the second capacitor C2, another end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to an output terminal of the isolation switch driving circuit 51, and an output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to an inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1 and is used as an output terminal of the operational amplifier filter circuit 52, and is connected to a base electrode of the first switching tube Q1 in the power heating circuit 53, and another end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded. Preferably, the operational amplifier U1 may be an operational amplifier of the OPA189 type, and in this embodiment, the operational amplifier U1 is configured to follow a structure to perform impedance transformation for driving the power heating circuit 53. Based on the design, the fourth resistor R4 and the second capacitor C2 form a first-order low-pass filter, and the PWM control signal with high frequency change can be converted into the PWM control signal with low frequency change, so that pulse current and voltage peaks generated by the heating element in the fast switching process can be eliminated.
In some embodiments, the isolation switch driving circuit 51 includes a third resistor R3, a first photo-coupler U2, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, and a second resistor R2, where an anode of a light emitting diode in the first photo-coupler U2 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3, a other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to an external PID controller, an anode of the second diode D2 is connected to a cathode of the first diode D1, an anode of the first diode D1 is connected to a power source vcc+, one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to a cathode of the second diode D2, and a collector of a triode in the first photo-coupler U2 is connected to the other end of the second resistor R2 and is used as an output end of the isolation switch driving circuit 51 to output a PWM control signal level-converted by the isolation switch driving circuit 51, and both a cathode of the light emitting diode in the first photo-coupler U2 and an emitter of the triode are grounded. Based on the design, the third resistor R3 and the first photoelectric coupler U2 can isolate PWM control signals from an external PID controller so as to reduce noise coupling of digital signals and analog signals and avoid signal-to-noise ratio reduction of the analog circuit, and the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the second resistor R2 and the first photoelectric coupler U2 also form a level conversion circuit so as to perform level conversion on the PWM control signals, and the PWM control signals from the external PID controller are converted into levels suitable for amplification and filtering so as to ensure quality and stability of the signals, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the heating circuit.
Further, in this embodiment, the power heating circuit 53 further includes a fifth resistor R5, a first capacitor C1, and a third capacitor C3, where a base of the first switching tube Q1 is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5, another end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to an output end of the operational amplifier U1, one end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to one end of the adjustable resistor R1 connected to the power vcc+, one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to a collector of the first switching tube Q1, and the other ends of the first capacitor C1 and the third capacitor C3 are grounded. Based on the above design, the fifth resistor R5 is a current limiting resistor, and the first capacitor C1 and the third capacitor C3 are bypass filter capacitors, so that the conductive anti-interference capability of the power heating circuit 53 is improved, and the influence of the power heating circuit 53 on other circuits due to power adjustment is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the on-junction voltage of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 in the isolated switching driving circuit 51 is approximately 0.6V, and when the input PWM control signal amplitude is high, the output voltage amplitude of the output terminal of the isolated switching driving circuit 51 is VCC + -1.2, and when the input PWM control signal amplitude is low, the output voltage amplitude is 0, the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 form a 1.2V junction voltage for matching the base and emitter junction voltage of the power first switching transistor Q1 to increase the usable duty cycle range of the PWM control signal.
Understandably, the Duty ratio Duty of the PWM control signal is in a linear relationship with the voltage v_ctrl output by the first-order low-pass filter formed by the fourth resistor R4 and the second capacitor C2, where the Duty ratio Duty is in a range of 0 to 100, and the expression is:
assuming that the base emitter junction voltage of the first switching transistor Q1 is 1.2V, ignoring the base current of the first switching transistor Q1, the heating power of the power heating circuit 53 is:
from the figure, V b Equal to v_ctrl, the heating power of the power heating circuit 53 is linear with the PWM duty cycle, which is obtained by the equations (1) and (2):
as can be seen from the above description, the maximum heating power of the power heating circuit 53 can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the adjustable resistor R1, the heating power increases linearly with the PWM duty ratio, as shown in fig. 2, the heating power increases at a low speed with the PWM duty ratio, decreases at a low speed with the duty ratio, and the power supply power is used for heating, and the heating circuit 5 not only satisfies the power conversion function of the conventional heating circuit, but also solves the high noise or low efficiency of the conventional circuit.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a heating control system 10 according to an embodiment of the present utility model. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the heating control system 10 includes a temperature sensor 1, a signal acquisition circuit 2, a microprocessor 3, a PID controller 4, and the heating circuit 5 described in the foregoing embodiments, where a probe of the temperature sensor 1 is connected to the external precision circuit board 20 to detect a change in the operating temperature of the external precision circuit board 20 in real time, an input end of the microprocessor 3 is connected to the temperature sensor 1 via the signal acquisition circuit 2 to obtain a real-time operating temperature of the external precision circuit board 20, and an input end and an output end of the PID controller 4 are respectively connected to the output end of the microprocessor 3 and the heating circuit 5 to control the operation of the heating circuit 5 according to the real-time operating temperature from the microprocessor 3, thereby adjusting and controlling the operating temperature of the external precision circuit board 20.
When the heating control system 10 works, the temperature sensor 1 detects the working temperature change of the external precise circuit board 20 in real time and converts the working temperature change into an electric signal, the signal acquisition circuit 2 converts the electric signal into a digital signal, the microprocessor 3 reads the digital signal to obtain the real-time temperature and transmits the real-time temperature to the PID controller 4, the PID controller 4 calculates a PWM control signal by using proportional, integral and differential algorithms and transmits the PWM control signal to the heating circuit 5, and a heating element of the heating circuit 5 converts the PWM control signal into heating power to adjust the temperature, so that the external precise circuit board 20 works at an optimal and constant temperature.
It will be appreciated that the present utility model may also provide a mass spectrometer which may include the heating circuit described in the above embodiments, or may include the heating control system described in the above embodiments, to address the deficiencies of the conventional circuits in terms of high noise or low efficiency.
In summary, the heating circuit of the utility model not only satisfies the function of power conversion of the traditional heating circuit, but also solves the defect of high noise or low efficiency of the traditional circuit, and the heating control system comprising the heating circuit can also ensure that the elements on the external precise circuit board work at the optimal and constant temperature.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Various equivalent changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art based on the above embodiments, and all equivalent changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims shall fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A heating circuit, comprising:
the input end of the isolation conversion driving circuit is connected with an external PID controller and is used for carrying out isolation transmission on PWM control signals from the external PID controller and carrying out level conversion on the PWM control signals which are isolated and transmitted;
the input end of the operational amplifier filter circuit is connected with the output end of the isolation conversion drive circuit and is used for filtering the PWM control signal after level conversion;
the power heating circuit comprises a first switching tube and an adjustable resistor, wherein the base electrode of the first switching tube is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier filter circuit, the emitting electrode of the first switching tube is connected with the adjustable resistor, and the other end of the adjustable resistor and the collecting electrode of the first switching tube are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply VCC.
2. A heating circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the operational amplifier filter circuit comprises a fourth resistor, a second capacitor and an operational amplifier, wherein the normal phase input end of the operational amplifier is connected with one end of the fourth resistor and one end of the second capacitor, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the output end of the isolation conversion drive circuit, the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the reverse phase input end of the operational amplifier and is used as the output end of the operational amplifier filter circuit, the output end of the operational amplifier filter circuit is connected with the base electrode of the first switch tube in the power heating circuit, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded.
3. A heating circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the operational amplifier is an operational amplifier with the model of OPA 189.
4. A heating circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the isolation conversion drive circuit comprises a third resistor, a first photoelectric coupler, a first diode, a second diode and a second resistor, wherein the positive electrode of a light emitting diode in the first photoelectric coupler is connected with one end of the third resistor, the other end of the third resistor is connected with an external PID controller, the positive electrode of the second diode is connected with the negative electrode of the first diode, the positive electrode of the first diode is connected with a power supply VCC, one end of the second resistor is connected with the negative electrode of the second diode, the collector electrode of a triode in the first photoelectric coupler is connected with the other end of the second resistor and is used as the output end of the isolation conversion drive circuit so as to output PWM control signals after level conversion of the isolation conversion drive circuit, and the negative electrode of the light emitting diode in the first photoelectric coupler and the emitting electrode in the triode are grounded.
5. A heating circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power heating circuit further comprises a fifth resistor, the base electrode of the first switching tube is connected with one end of the fifth resistor, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier filter circuit.
6. A heating circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the power heating circuit further comprises a first capacitor, one end of the first capacitor is connected with one end of the adjustable resistor connected with the power supply VCC, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.
7. The heating circuit of claim 6, wherein: the power heating circuit further comprises a third capacitor, one end of the third capacitor is connected with the collector electrode of the first switch tube, and the other end of the third capacitor is grounded.
8. A heating circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first switching tube adopts a transistor with the model number of MJE and 700.
9. A heating control system, characterized by: a heating circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising a temperature sensor, a signal acquisition circuit connected to the temperature sensor and to the microprocessor, a PID controller connected to the microprocessor and to the heating circuit.
10. A mass spectrometer, characterized by: the mass spectrometer comprising a heating circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 or a heating control system as claimed in claim 9.
CN202322026425.7U 2023-07-31 2023-07-31 Heating circuit, heating control system and mass spectrometer Active CN220323793U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202322026425.7U CN220323793U (en) 2023-07-31 2023-07-31 Heating circuit, heating control system and mass spectrometer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202322026425.7U CN220323793U (en) 2023-07-31 2023-07-31 Heating circuit, heating control system and mass spectrometer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN220323793U true CN220323793U (en) 2024-01-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202322026425.7U Active CN220323793U (en) 2023-07-31 2023-07-31 Heating circuit, heating control system and mass spectrometer

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN220323793U (en)

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