CN220320242U - Through axle inter-axle differential and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of through axle and discloses a through axle differential and a vehicle.

Description

Through axle inter-axle differential and vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of through axles, in particular to a through axle interaxle differential and a vehicle.

Background

The through axle interaxle differential mechanism of the commercial vehicle plays a role in transmitting torque and realizing middle and rear axle differential, is an important transmission mechanism in the double-drive axle commercial vehicle, plays a key role in the service life of the drive axle, and also directly influences the reliability of the whole vehicle. The main failure modes of the commercial inter-axle differential mechanism include abrasion, ablation, tooth punching and the like, wherein the abrasion and the ablation of a transmission pair of the inter-axle differential mechanism are mainly adopted. According to the analysis of failure modes, bench experiments and the like, the main reasons for the two failure modes are poor lubrication, gear transmission is not separated from lubrication of gear oil, and if the lubrication effect is poor, abrasion and ablation between gears and kinematic pairs can be caused.

The lubrication of the interaxle differential of a commercial vehicle drive axle mainly takes two forms:

first, the drive train splashes lubrication, i.e., the oil is splashed up by the rapidly rotating gears, which falls onto the interaxle differential surfaces and then through the gaps between the parts into the locations where lubrication is desired. Because the inter-axle differential is rotating rapidly, gear oil falling on the surface of the inter-axle differential is difficult to enter the differential under the action of centrifugal force, and abrasion and even ablation of transmission byproducts in the differential are caused.

And secondly, pumping gear oil to an oil passage in the center of the gear shaft through an oil supply device and conveying the gear oil to the inside of the inter-axle differential, so that the inter-axle differential is fully lubricated. The lubricating mode needs a special oil supply system, an oil duct is designed in the gear shaft, and besides the relatively high cost, the reliability of parts such as an oil pump, the gear shaft and the like is low. This form of lubrication, while providing a significant improvement in poor lubrication, can also add to the cost of other parts.

Accordingly, there is a need for a through axle differential and a vehicle that address the above-described issues.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a through axle differential and a vehicle, which improve the lubrication effect of the through axle differential, thereby reducing the abrasion of related parts of the through axle differential and improving the reliability of the through axle differential.

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a through axle inter-axle differential comprising:

a housing having an oil groove;

the gear shaft is rotatably arranged on the shell and is provided with a first oil hole;

the gear sleeve is sleeved on the gear shaft and is provided with an annular oil duct, and an outlet of the annular oil duct is communicated with an inlet of the first oil hole;

the thrust washer is sleeved on the gear shaft, is positioned at the outlet of the first oil hole along the axial direction of the gear shaft, and is provided with a second oil hole which is communicated with the first oil hole;

the bearing is sleeved on the gear shaft, one end of the bearing is positioned in the oil groove along the axial direction of the gear shaft, and the other end of the bearing is positioned at the inlet of the annular oil duct;

the driving cylindrical gear is sleeved on the gear shaft and is provided with a third oil hole which is communicated with the second oil hole.

Preferably, along the axial direction of the gear shaft, the thrust washer is provided with a first end face and a second end face, the first end face and the second end face are both provided with annular oil grooves, and the annular oil grooves are communicated with the second oil holes.

Preferably, the first end face and the second end face are further provided with radial oil grooves, oil inlets of the radial oil grooves are communicated with the circumferential oil grooves, and oil outlets of the radial oil grooves are communicated with gaps between the driving cylindrical gear and the gear shaft.

Preferably, a plurality of radial oil grooves are provided, and a plurality of radial oil grooves are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the thrust washer.

Preferably, the gear shaft has a first circumferential surface and a second circumferential surface which are arranged at intervals along an axial direction of the gear shaft, the inner ring of the tooth sleeve is fixedly connected to the first circumferential surface, the inner ring of the thrust washer is connected to the second circumferential surface, and the outer diameter of the first circumferential surface is larger than the outer diameter of the second circumferential surface.

Preferably, the first oil hole is located between the first circumferential surface and the second circumferential surface.

Preferably, the circulation direction of the lubricating oil in the annular oil duct forms an acute angle A with the axial direction of the gear shaft.

Preferably, the number of the second oil holes is plural, and the plural second oil holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the thrust washer.

Preferably, the number of the first oil holes is plural, the first oil holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the thrust washer, and the number of the first oil holes is the same as the number of the second oil holes.

The utility model also provides a vehicle which comprises an axle housing, and the through axle inter-axle differential mechanism is arranged on the axle housing.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

the shell is provided with an oil groove, the gear shaft is provided with a first oil hole, the gear sleeve is sleeved on the gear shaft, the gear sleeve is provided with an annular oil duct, and an outlet of the annular oil duct is communicated with an inlet of the first oil hole. The thrust washer is sleeved on the gear shaft, the thrust washer is provided with a second oil hole, the second oil hole is communicated with the first oil hole, the driving cylindrical gear is provided with a third oil hole, and the third oil hole is communicated with the second oil hole. When the inter-axle differential mechanism works, the differential mechanism rotates, lubricating oil splashes into the oil groove of the shell and flows to the bearing through the oil groove, then the lubricating oil flows to the tooth sleeve through a gap between adjacent rollers of the bearing, the annular oil duct of the tooth sleeve receives the lubricating oil, then the lubricating oil flows to the thrust washer from the first oil hole of the gear shaft, the thrust washer is provided with a second oil hole, the lubricating oil can be guided to the other side from one side of the thrust washer, and finally the lubricating oil passing through the second oil hole can enter into a position where the inter-axle differential mechanism needs to be lubricated through the third oil hole of the driving cylindrical gear, so that the lubricating effect of the inter-axle differential mechanism is improved, the abrasion of related parts of the inter-axle differential mechanism is slowed down, and the reliability of the inter-axle differential mechanism is improved.

The vehicle provided by the utility model comprises an axle housing and a through axle differential, wherein the through axle differential is arranged on the axle housing. The splash lubrication and the oil supply lubrication are combined, the lubricating oil enters the closed oil duct through the splash of the gears of the inter-wheel differential mechanism, and the lubricating oil is guided to a position needing lubrication through the gap of the bearing, the annular oil duct of the tooth sleeve, the first oil hole of the gear shaft, the second oil hole of the thrust washer and the third oil hole of the driving cylindrical gear in sequence, so that the lubrication effect of the inter-axle differential mechanism is improved, the abrasion of related parts of the inter-axle differential mechanism is slowed down, and the reliability of the inter-axle differential mechanism is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a through axle differential in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a lubrication circuit diagram of the interior of a through-axle inter-differential in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a gear sleeve according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a tooth sleeve in an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a driving spur gear according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a drive spur gear in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a thrust washer according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a thrust washer in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a gear shaft according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a gear shaft in an embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals:

100. a bridge housing; 200. an inter-wheel differential; 300. a flange; 400. an oil seal;

1. a housing; 11. an oil groove;

2. a gear shaft; 21. a first oil hole;

3. a tooth sleeve; 31. an annular oil passage;

4. a thrust washer; 41. a second oil hole; 42. an annular oil groove; 43. a radial oil groove;

5. a bearing;

6. a driving cylindrical gear; 61. and a third oil hole.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present utility model are shown in the drawings.

In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.

The prior inter-axle differential is mainly lubricated in two forms, and the first is the splash lubrication of a drive train, and because the inter-axle differential rotates rapidly, gear oil falling on the surface of the inter-axle differential is difficult to enter the differential under the action of centrifugal force, so that abrasion and even ablation of transmission byproducts in the differential are caused. And secondly, pumping gear oil to an oil passage in the center of the gear shaft through an oil supply device and conveying the gear oil to the inside of the inter-axle differential mechanism, so that the inter-axle differential mechanism is fully lubricated. The lubrication mode needs a special oil supply system, an oil duct is designed in the gear shaft 2, and besides the relatively high cost, the reliability of parts such as an oil pump, the gear shaft and the like is low. This form of lubrication, while providing a significant improvement in poor lubrication, can also add to the cost of other parts. In this regard, the present embodiment provides a through-axle inter-differential that improves the lubrication effect of the through-axle inter-differential, thereby reducing wear of the related components of the through-axle inter-differential and improving its reliability.

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, in the present embodiment, the through axle differential includes a housing 1, a gear shaft 2, a tooth sleeve 3, a thrust washer 4, a bearing 5, and a driving spur gear 6. Wherein, casing 1 has oil groove 11, and gear shaft 2 rotates to set up in casing 1, and gear shaft 2 is provided with first oilhole 21, and gear shaft 2 is located to tooth cover 3 cover, and tooth cover 3 is provided with annular oil duct 31, and the export of annular oil duct 31 communicates the entry of first oilhole 21. The thrust washer 4 is sleeved on the gear shaft 2, the thrust washer 4 is located at the outlet of the first oil hole 21 along the axial direction of the gear shaft 2, the thrust washer 4 is provided with a second oil hole 41, the second oil hole 41 is communicated with the first oil hole 21, the bearing 5 is sleeved on the gear shaft 2, one end of the bearing 5 is located at the oil groove 11 along the axial direction of the gear shaft 2, the other end of the bearing 5 is located at the inlet of the annular oil duct 31, the driving cylindrical gear 6 is sleeved on the gear shaft 2, the driving cylindrical gear 6 is provided with a third oil hole 61, and the third oil hole 61 is communicated with the second oil hole 41. Specifically, there is a gap between adjacent rollers of the bearing 5, one end of the gap communicates with the oil groove 11 of the housing 1, the other end communicates with the annular oil passage 31 of the sleeve 3, the annular oil passage 31 serves to drain lubricating oil to the first oil hole 21, and the inlet and outlet of the second oil hole 41 communicate with the first oil hole 21 and the third oil hole 61, respectively. When the differential mechanism works, the differential mechanism rotates, the lubricating oil splashes into the oil groove 11 of the housing 1 and flows to the bearing 5 through the oil groove 11, then the lubricating oil flows to the tooth sleeve 3 through gaps between adjacent rollers of the bearing 5, the annular oil duct 31 of the tooth sleeve 3 receives the lubricating oil, then the lubricating oil flows to the thrust washer 4 from the first oil hole 21 of the gear shaft 2, the thrust washer 4 is provided with the second oil hole 41, the lubricating oil can be guided from one side to the other side of the thrust washer 4, and finally the lubricating oil passing through the second oil hole 41 can enter a position where the differential mechanism needs lubrication through the third oil hole 61 of the driving cylindrical gear 6 to play a role in lubrication. The splash lubrication and the oil supply lubrication are combined, the lubricating oil is splashed by the gears in the transmission system to enter the closed oil duct, and the lubricating oil is guided to a position needing lubrication, so that the lubrication effect of the through axle differential is improved, the abrasion of related parts of the through axle differential is slowed down, and the reliability of the through axle differential is improved.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1 to 10, the thrust washer 4 has a first end face and a second end face in the axial direction of the gear shaft 2, and the first end face and the second end face are each provided with an annular oil groove 42, and the annular oil groove 42 is provided in communication with the second oil hole 41. Specifically, the circumferential oil groove 42 of the first end face is communicated with the first oil hole 21 of the gear shaft 2, the circumferential oil groove 42 of the second end face is communicated with the third oil hole 61 of the driving cylindrical gear 6, the second oil hole 41 is located between the circumferential oil grooves 42 of the first end face and the second end face, and lubricating oil sequentially passes through the first oil hole 21, the circumferential oil groove 42 of the first end face, the second oil hole 41, the circumferential oil groove 42 of the second end face and the third oil hole 61, and enters into a position where lubrication of the inter-axle differential is required, so that lubrication is achieved.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1-10, the first end face and the second end face are further provided with radial oil grooves 43, oil inlets of the radial oil grooves 43 are communicated with the circumferential oil grooves 42, and oil outlets of the radial oil grooves 43 are communicated with a gap between the driving cylindrical gear 6 and the gear shaft 2. Specifically, a plurality of radial oil grooves 43 are provided, and a plurality of radial oil grooves 43 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the thrust washer 4. The radial oil grooves 43 may guide lubricating oil from the circumferential oil grooves 42 to the bushings of the driving cylindrical gear 6 for lubricating friction pairs between the bushings and the gear shaft 2. The plurality of radial oil grooves 43 can sufficiently lubricate the friction pair in the outer circumferential direction of the gear shaft 2, and the lubrication effect is good.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1 to 10, the gear shaft 2 has a first circumferential surface and a second circumferential surface disposed at intervals along an axial direction thereof, the inner ring of the sleeve 3 is fixedly connected to the first circumferential surface, the inner ring of the thrust washer 4 is connected to the second circumferential surface, and an outer diameter of the first circumferential surface is larger than an outer diameter of the second circumferential surface. Specifically, the first oil hole 21 is located between the first circumferential surface and the second circumferential surface, and lubricating oil enters the first oil hole 21 from the annular oil duct 31 of the tooth sleeve 3 and flows to the second oil hole 41 of the thrust washer 4 through the first oil hole 21, so that the effect of lubricating the tooth sleeve 3 and the thrust washer 4 is achieved, and meanwhile, the lubricating oil is not blocked, and the circulation rate is high, and the smoothness is good.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1-10, the flow direction of the lubricating oil in the annular oil passage 31 forms an acute angle a with the axial direction of the gear shaft 2. Specifically, the annular oil passage 31 is for draining the lubrication oil to the first oil hole 21, and the lubrication oil flows from the first end of the annular oil passage 31 to the second end of the annular oil passage 31, and the flow velocity increases and lubrication is unobstructed. Preferably, the circulation rate of the lubricating oil is maximized when the acute angle a is 45 °.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1 to 10, the number of the second oil holes 41 is plural, and the plural second oil holes 41 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the thrust washer 4. Specifically, the lubricating oil in the circumferential oil groove 42 of the first end face flows into the circumferential oil groove 42 of the second end face through the plurality of second oil holes 41, so that the lubricating oil is sufficiently lubricated in the circumferential direction of the thrust washer 4, and the lubricating oil flows fast, and the lubricating efficiency is high.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1 to 10, there are a plurality of first oil holes 21, and the plurality of first oil holes 21 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the thrust washer 4, and the number of first oil holes 21 is the same as the number of second oil holes 41. Specifically, the first oil holes 21 and the second oil holes 41 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, the lubricating oil flows from the first oil holes 21 to the thrust washer 4, the lubricating oil can be guided from one side to the other side of the thrust washer 4, and finally the lubricating oil passing through the second oil holes 41 can enter the position where lubrication is needed in the inter-axle differential through the third oil holes 61 of the driving cylindrical gear 6, so that lubrication is achieved.

The present embodiment also provides a vehicle including an axle housing 100 and a through-axle inter-differential mounted to the axle housing 100. Specifically, the inter-wheel differential 200 is rotatably disposed in the axle housing 100, the housing 1 is mounted on the axle housing 100, the end portion of the gear shaft 2 is rotatably disposed in the housing 1, the flange 300 is mounted on the housing 1 and covers the end portion of the gear shaft 2, and in order to prevent leakage of lubricating oil in the housing 1, an oil seal 400 is interposed between the flange 300 and the end portion of the gear shaft 2, so that the sealing effect is good. The splash lubrication and the oil supply lubrication are combined, the lubricating oil is splashed by the gears of the inter-wheel differential 200 and enters the closed oil duct, and the lubricating oil is guided to a position needing lubrication by the clearance of the bearing 5, the annular oil duct 31 of the tooth sleeve 3, the first oil hole 21 of the gear shaft 2, the second oil hole 41 of the thrust washer 4 and the third oil hole 61 of the driving cylindrical gear 6 in sequence, so that the lubrication effect of the inter-axle differential is improved, the abrasion of related parts of the inter-axle differential is slowed down, and the reliability of the inter-axle differential is improved.

It is to be understood that the above examples of the present utility model are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present utility model. Various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the utility model are desired to be protected by the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. The inter-axle differential of a through axle, comprising:

a housing (1), the housing (1) having an oil sump (11);

the gear shaft (2) is rotatably arranged on the shell (1), and the gear shaft (2) is provided with a first oil hole (21);

the gear sleeve (3) is sleeved on the gear shaft (2), the gear sleeve (3) is provided with an annular oil duct (31), and an outlet of the annular oil duct (31) is communicated with an inlet of the first oil hole (21);

the thrust washer (4) is sleeved on the gear shaft (2), the thrust washer (4) is positioned at the outlet of the first oil hole (21) along the axial direction of the gear shaft (2), the thrust washer (4) is provided with a second oil hole (41), and the second oil hole (41) is communicated with the first oil hole (21);

the bearing (5) is sleeved on the gear shaft (2), one end of the bearing (5) is positioned in the oil groove (11) along the axial direction of the gear shaft (2), and the other end of the bearing (5) is positioned at the inlet of the annular oil duct (31);

the driving cylindrical gear (6) is sleeved on the gear shaft (2), the driving cylindrical gear (6) is provided with a third oil hole (61), and the third oil hole (61) is communicated with the second oil hole (41).

2. The through-axle inter-axle differential according to claim 1, wherein the thrust washer (4) has a first end face and a second end face along an axial direction of the gear shaft (2), the first end face and the second end face are each provided with a circumferential oil groove (42), and the circumferential oil groove (42) is provided in communication with the second oil hole (41).

3. The through axle inter-axle differential according to claim 2, characterized in that the first end face and the second end face are further provided with radial oil grooves (43), oil inlets of the radial oil grooves (43) are communicated with the circumferential oil grooves (42), and oil outlets of the radial oil grooves (43) are communicated with a gap between the driving cylindrical gear (6) and the gear shaft (2).

4. A through-axle inter-axle differential according to claim 3, characterized in that a plurality of said radial oil grooves (43) are provided, a plurality of said radial oil grooves (43) being provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of said thrust washer (4).

5. The through-axle inter-axle differential according to claim 1, characterized in that the gear shaft (2) has a first circumferential surface and a second circumferential surface arranged at intervals along the axial direction thereof, the inner ring of the tooth sleeve (3) is fixedly connected to the first circumferential surface, the inner ring of the thrust washer (4) is connected to the second circumferential surface, and the outer diameter of the first circumferential surface is larger than the outer diameter of the second circumferential surface.

6. The through axle differential of claim 5, wherein the first oil hole (21) is located between the first and second circumferential surfaces.

7. The through-axle inter-axle differential according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow direction of the lubricating oil in the annular oil passage (31) forms an acute angle a with the axial direction of the gear shaft (2).

8. The through-axle inter-axle differential according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the second oil holes (41) are provided, and a plurality of the second oil holes (41) are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the thrust washer (4).

9. The through axle differential according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the first oil holes (21) are provided, the plurality of the first oil holes (21) are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction of the thrust washer (4), and the number of the first oil holes (21) is the same as the number of the second oil holes (41).

10. Vehicle comprising an axle housing (100), characterized in that the vehicle further comprises a through axle inter-differential according to any one of claims 1-9, which is mounted to the axle housing (100).